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You searched for: Journal Soil biology & biochemistry Remove constraint Journal: Soil biology & biochemistry Publication Year 2018 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2018 Source 2018 v.124 Remove constraint Source: 2018 v.124 Subject microbial biomass Remove constraint Subject: microbial biomass
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1. Contrasting effects of organic and mineral nitrogen challenge the N-Mining Hypothesis for soil organic matter priming

Author:
Mason-Jones, Kyle; Schmücker, Niklas; Kuzyakov, Yakov
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2018 v.124 pp. 38-46
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
carbon dioxide; mineralization; radionuclides; isotope labeling; glucose; nitrogen; soil organic matter; alanine; deamination; microbial biomass; microorganisms; soil; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; extracellular enzymes; mining; ammonium sulfate; prediction
Abstract:
... Addition of easily available organic substances to soil often increases the CO₂ efflux from pre-existing soil carbon (C). This phenomenon is often explained in terms of the Nitrogen (N)-Mining Hypothesis. According to this proposed – but never conclusively proven – mechanism, increased C availability induces N limitation in microbes, which then access N by degrading soil organic matter (SOM) – a p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.05.024

2. Decadal-scale litter manipulation alters the biochemical and physical character of tropical forest soil carbon

Author:
Cusack, Daniela F.; Halterman, Sarah M.; Tanner, Edmund V.J.; Wright, S. Joseph; Hockaday, William; Dietterich, Lee H.; Turner, Benjamin L.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2018 v.124 pp. 199-209
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; climate change; forest soils; leaching; microbial biomass; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; primary productivity; proteins; soil organic carbon; tropical forests; tropical soils; waxes; wet season
Abstract:
... Climate change and rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations are likely to alter tropical forest net primary productivity (NPP), potentially affecting soil C storage. We examined biochemical and physical changes in soil C fractions in a humid tropical forest where experimental litter manipulation changed total soil C stocks. We hypothesized that: (1.) low-density soil organic C (SOC) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.005

3. Drying and rewetting conditions differentially affect the mineralization of fresh plant litter and extant soil organic matter

Author:
Lopez-Sangil, Luis; Hartley, Iain P.; Rovira, Pere; Casals, Pere; Sayer, Emma J.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2018 v.124 pp. 81-89
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
carbon; carbon dioxide; drought; drying; field experimentation; microbial biomass; mineralization; plant litter; soil microorganisms; soil organic matter; solutes; temperature; terrestrial ecosystems; topsoil; wheat straw
Abstract:
... Drought is becoming more common globally and has the potential to alter patterns of soil carbon (C) storage in terrestrial ecosystems. After an extended dry period, a pulse of soil CO₂ release is commonly observed upon rewetting (the so-called ‘Birch effect’), the magnitude of which depends on soil rewetting frequency. But the source and implications of this CO₂ efflux are unclear. We used a mesoc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.001

4. Interactions of soil bacteria and fungi with plants during long-term grazing exclusion in semiarid grasslands

Author:
Zhang, Chao; Liu, Guobin; Song, Zilin; Wang, Jie; Guo, Liang
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2018 v.124 pp. 47-58
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
Acidobacteria; Leotiomycetes; Sordariomycetes; alpha-Proteobacteria; arid lands; belowground biomass; chronosequences; community structure; ecological succession; edaphic factors; environmental degradation; enzyme activity; fungal communities; fungi; grasslands; grazing; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; microbial biomass; nitrate nitrogen; organic carbon; plant communities; plants (botany); soil bacteria; soil nutrients; soil water content; species diversity; China
Abstract:
... Microbial succession has been extensively investigated during the restoration of degraded environments, but the interactions of microbes with plants and soils have not been well documented. We examined changes in the plant communities, soil variables, and microbial communities of grasslands after different periods of grazing exclusion (0, 10, 25, and 35 y) on the Loess Plateau in China. The microb ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.05.026

5. Organic amendments increase crop yields by improving microbe-mediated soil functioning of agroecosystems: A meta-analysis

Author:
Luo, Gongwen; Li, Ling; Friman, Ville-Petri; Guo, Junjie; Guo, Shiwei; Shen, Qirong; Ling, Ning
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2018 v.124 pp. 105-115
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
agroecosystems; animal manures; crop yield; cropland; cropping systems; enzyme activity; fertilizer application; meta-analysis; microbial biomass; microbiome; mineral fertilizers; nitrogen; nitrogen content; soil; soil ecosystems; soil fertility; soil nutrient dynamics; soil organic carbon; wheat
Abstract:
... Although numerous studies suggest that organic amendments are better at maintaining soil fertility and crop production than mineral-only fertilization, it is unclear if this occurs in different agricultural systems on a global scale. Here we report a comprehensive meta-analysis of 690 independent experiments comparing the performance of organic amendments and mineral-only fertilization on crop yie ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.002

6. Physical and microbial mechanisms of decomposition vary in importance among root orders and tree species with differing chemical and morphological traits

Author:
Minerovic, Anthony J.; Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J.; Blackwood, Christopher B.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2018 v.124 pp. 142-149
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
Liriodendron tulipifera; Ulmus americana; carbon; chemical control; energy; leaves; microbial activity; microbial biomass; mineral soils; particulate organic matter; roots; soil microorganisms; soil organic matter; surface area; tissues; trees
Abstract:
... Decaying roots are the major source of carbon that is stabilized in soil, but our understanding of plant decomposition is primarily based on decay patterns observed in leaf tissues. Chemical traits that impact microbial activity are the primary intrinsic control over leaf decomposition, and it is usually assumed that similar mechanisms control root decay. We hypothesized that root morphological tr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.006

7. Seasonality alters drivers of soil enzyme activity in subalpine grassland soil undergoing climate change

Author:
Puissant, Jérémy; Jassey, Vincent E.J.; Mills, Robert T.E.; Robroek, Bjorn J.M.; Gavazov, Konstantin; De Danieli, Sebastien; Spiegelberger, Thomas; Griffiths, Robert; Buttler, Alexandre; Brun, Jean-Jacques; Cécillon, Lauric
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2018 v.124 pp. 266-274
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
climate; community structure; ecosystems; enzyme activity; global warming; grassland soils; grasslands; microbial biomass; microbial communities; mineralization; organic carbon; particulate organic matter; rain; soil enzymes; soil microorganisms; soil organic matter; soil water; structural equation modeling; summer; winter
Abstract:
... In mountain ecosystems with marked seasonality, climate change can affect various processes in soils, potentially modifying long-term key soil services via change in soil organic carbon (C) storage. Based on a four-year soil transplantation experiment in Swiss subalpine grasslands, we investigated how imposed climate warming and reduced precipitation modified the drivers of soil carbon enzyme pote ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.023

8. Substrate identity and amount overwhelm temperature effects on soil carbon formation

Author:
Oldfield, Emily E.; Crowther, Thomas W.; Bradford, Mark A.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2018 v.124 pp. 218-226
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
amino acids; carbon dioxide; carbon sinks; climate change; glucose; isotope labeling; microbial biomass; microbial communities; oxalic acid; root exudates; soil; soil organic matter; stable isotopes; temperature
Abstract:
... The size of the soil carbon sink depends on the balance between soil organic matter (SOM) formation and decomposition. Our understanding of how SOM forms and is stabilized, however, is shifting. Traditional theory maintains the formation of SOM is due to chemical complexity: difficult to decompose plant inputs persist in the soil while easily decomposable inputs are respired as CO₂. However, conse ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.014

9. The effects of increased snow depth on plant and microbial biomass and community composition along a precipitation gradient in temperate steppes

Author:
Liu, Weixing; Allison, Steven D.; Li, Ping; Wang, Jing; Chen, Dima; Wang, Zhenhua; Yang, Sen; Diao, Liwei; Wang, Bin; Liu, Lingli
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2018 v.124 pp. 134-141
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
bacteria; community structure; ecosystems; forbs; fungi; grasses; microbial activity; microbial biomass; microbial communities; nitrogen; phytomass; snow; snow fences; snowmelt; soil water; steppes; winter; China
Abstract:
... Shift in precipitation regime could greatly alter plant and microbial activity, and thus the contemporary and future ecosystem dynamics in grasslands. We investigated how changes in snow depth affect plants, microbes and their relationships after 10 consecutive years of snow treatments in different steppes. We selected 8 snow fences along a mean annual precipitation (MAP) gradient from 225 to 375  ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.004

10. The legacy of mixed planting and precipitation reduction treatments on soil microbial activity, biomass and community composition in a young tree plantation

Author:
Hicks, Lettice C.; Rahman, Md Masudur; Carnol, Monique; Verheyen, Kris; Rousk, Johannes
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2018 v.124 pp. 227-235
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
bacteria; carbon; climate change; community structure; drought; fungi; microbial biomass; microbial communities; microbial growth; plantations; planting; soil; soil microorganisms; trees; water content; water holding capacity; water stress; Central European region
Abstract:
... Drought events are expected to increase as a consequence of climate change, with the potential to influence both plant and soil microbial communities. Mixed planting may be an option to mitigate drought stress to plants, however, the extent to which mixed planting mitigates the indirect effect of drought (reduced plant-derived carbon input) on soil microorganisms remains unknown. Using soils from ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.05.027