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You searched for: Journal Soil biology & biochemistry Remove constraint Journal: Soil biology & biochemistry Publication Year 2006 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2006 Source 2006 v.38 no.6 Remove constraint Source: 2006 v.38 no.6
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1. Accumulation of specific flavonoids in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) as a function of the early tripartite symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Kirchner) Jordan

Author:
Antunes, P.M.; Varennes, A. de; Rajcan, I.; Goss, M.J.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1234-1242
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Glycine max; Glomus clarum; bioaccumulation; soybeans; microbial colonization; coumestrol; genistein; Bradyrhizobium japonicum; daidzein; nodulation; synthesis; Ontario
Abstract:
... This study is the first report assessing the effect of soil inoculation on the signalling interaction of Bradyrhizobium japonicum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and soybean plants throughout the early stages of colonisation that lead to the tripartite symbiosis. In a study using soil disturbance to produce contrasting indigenous AMF treatments, the flavonoids daidzein, genistein and coumestro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.016

2. A commercially available iron-chelating agent, Desferal, promotes Fe- and Al-mobilization in soils

Author:
Illmer, P.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1491-1493
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
soil bacteria; siderophores; iron; aluminum; chelating agents; genetic soil types; acid soils; forest soils; soil weathering
Abstract:
... The effects of deferoxamine mesylate (DFAM), a bacterial siderophore, on the availability of iron and aluminium in three different soils were investigated. The distinct ability of DFAM to mobilize both metals in soil solution indicate a possible importance of siderophores in connection with toxicological aspects as well as for weathering and soil forming processes. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.023

3. Alteration of soil microbial communities and water quality in restored wetlands

Author:
Bossio, D.A.; Fleck, J.A.; Scow, K.M.; Fujii, R.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1223-1233
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
wetland soils; land use change; agricultural soils; flooded conditions; soil microorganisms; community structure; water quality; dissolved organic carbon; phospholipids; fatty acids; aeration; California
Abstract:
... Land usage is a strong determinant of soil microbial community composition and activity, which in turn determine organic matter decomposition rates and decomposition products in soils. Microbial communities in permanently flooded wetlands, such as those created by wetland restoration on Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta islands in California, function under restricted aeration conditions that result in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.027

4. Beneficial effects of earthworms and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on establishment of leguminous trees on Pb/Zn mine tailings

Author:
Ma, Y.; Dickinson, N.M.; Wong, M.H.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1403-1412
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
polluted soils; soil pollution; lead; zinc; heavy metals; mine spoil; Leucaena leucocephala; shrubs; plant establishment; plant growth; earthworms; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Glomus; soil inoculation; nitrogen fixation; microbial activity; soil enzymes; enzyme activity; nutrient uptake; bioavailability; topsoil; soil amendments; China
Abstract:
... Planting trees to stabilize metalliferous mine tailings is a widely used form of land reclamation although substantial soil amendment is invariably required, both to improve the physico-chemical status of the tailings and to ameliorate toxicity prior to planting. Here, we report a glasshouse study of the combined effects of burrowing earthworms (Pheretima guillelmi) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fung ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.016

5. Can denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of amplified 16s rDNA of soil bacterial populations be used in forensic investigations?

Author:
Lerner, A.; Shor, Y.; Vinokurov, A.; Okon, Y.; Jurkevitch, E.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1188-1192
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
rhizosphere; soil bacteria; ribosomal DNA; polymerase chain reaction; soil properties; cluster analysis; crime; gel electrophoresis; Israel
Abstract:
... In criminal investigations, information on the origin of soils may be crucial for solving cases. The biological complexity of soil may potentially be used for sorting and differentiating between soil samples. Nucleic-acid based analyses of soil microbial populations are powerful tools, routinely used in studies of this habitat. Application of such approaches in forensics implies that a standardize ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.006

6. Changes in soil biological activities under reduced soil pH during Thlaspi caerulescens phytoextraction

Author:
Wang, A.S.; Angle, J.S.; Chaney, R.L.; Delorme, T.A.; McIntosh, M.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1451
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
soil pollution; polluted soils; cadmium; zinc; heavy metals; agricultural soils; phytoremediation; Thlaspi caerulescens; hyperaccumulators; soil microorganisms; microbial activity; soil pH; soil enzymes; enzyme activity; nitrification; soil respiration; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Phytoextraction of soil Cd and Zn may require reduction in soil pH in order to achieve high metal uptake. Reducing the pH of high metal soil, however, could negatively affect soil ecosystem function and health. The objectives of this study were to characterize the quantitative causal relationship between pH and soil biological activities in two Zn and Cd contaminated soils and to investigate the r ...
Handle:
10113/6889
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.001

7. Chronic experimental deposition reduces the retention of leaf litter DOC in a northern hardwood forest soil

Author:
Smemo, K.A.; Zak, D.R.; Pregitzer, K.S.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1340-1347
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
hardwood forests; forest soils; nitrate nitrogen; atmospheric deposition; forest litter; dissolved organic carbon; bioavailability; soil microorganisms; soil respiration; biodegradation; leachates; Michigan
Abstract:
... In forests of the Great Lakes region, experimental NO3- deposition has suppressed soil respiration and enhanced DOC export. Reasons for these responses are unknown, but they could arise via two alternatives: (i) direct suppression of microbial activity by NO3- or (ii) indirect suppression of the microbial community via changes in litter biochemistry in response to greater N availability. To test t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.029

8. Collembolan trophic preferences determined using fatty acid distributions and compound-specific stable carbon isotope values

Author:
Chamberlain, P.M.; Bull, I.D.; Black, H.I.J.; Ineson, P.; Evershed, R.P.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1275-1281
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
soil fungi; soil nematodes; Collembola; isotope labeling; fatty acid composition; carbon; feeding preferences; stable isotopes; trophic relationships
Abstract:
... The trophic preferences of soil invertebrates such as Collembola are often determined by the analysis of gut contents, or through visual observations of the location of individuals. As an alternative approach, two species of Collembola, Folsomia candida and Proisotoma minuta, were offered a choice of the soil fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides or the bacterial feeding nematode Panagrellus rediviv ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.022

9. Comment on Zhao et al. (2005) “Does ergosterol concentration provide a reliable estimate of soil fungal biomass?”

Author:
Young, I.M.; Illian, J.; Harris, J.A.; Ritz, K.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1500-1503
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
soil fungi; prediction; ergosterol; biomarkers; correlation; soil chemistry; chemical concentration; quantitative analysis; mineralization; silty soils; clay loam soils; sandy loam soils; pesticide application; chloroform; soil fumigation; Lolium; soil amendments
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.021

10. Community structure of methanogenic archaea in paddy field soil under double cropping (rice-wheat)

Author:
Watanabe, T.; Kimura, M.; Asakawa, S.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1264-1274
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
sequence analysis; rice; soil bacteria; community structure; Oryza sativa; DNA primers; polymerase chain reaction; gel electrophoresis; wheat; phylogeny; fertilizer application; Triticum aestivum; paddy soils; microbial detection; statistical analysis; methanogens; double cropping
Abstract:
... Community structure of methanogenic archaea in paddy field soil under double cropping (rice [Oryza sativa L.] and wheat [Triticum aestivum L.]) was studied by the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method. Soil samples under flooded and upland conditions were collected 7 and 6 times, respectively, from two paddy fields throughout a year, and two primer sets, 0357F-GC/0691R and newly de ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.020

11. Control of apothecia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by soil amendment with S-H mixture or Perlka® in bean, canola and wheat fields

Author:
Huang, H.C.; Erickson, R.S.; Phillippe, L.M.; Mueller, C.A.; Sun, S.K.; Huang, J.W.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1348-1352
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; ascospores; fungal diseases of plants; soil-borne diseases; disease control; soil amendments; calcium cyanamide; fungicides; application rate; field experimentation; Manitoba
Abstract:
... Ascospores of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum produced from apothecia are the primary source of inoculum for causing diseases such as white mold of common bean, pod rot of pea, stem blight of canola and head rot of sunflower and safflower in the Canadian prairies. A field study was conducted for 4 years to determine efficacy of control of production of apothecia from carpogenically germinated sclerotia o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.015

12. Controls over pathways of carbon efflux from soils along climate and black spruce productivity gradients in interior Alaska

Author:
Kane, E.S.; Valentine, D.W.; Michaelson, G.J.; Fox, J.D.; Ping, C.L.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1438-1450
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
boreal forests; Picea mariana; forest soils; carbon dioxide; gas emissions; soil microorganisms; soil respiration; soil water balance; soil organic carbon; water solubility; soil temperature; climatic factors; Alaska
Abstract:
... Small changes in C cycling in boreal forests can change the sign of their C balance, so it is important to gain an understanding of the factors controlling small exports like water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) fluxes from the soils in these systems. To examine this, we estimated WSOC fluxes based on measured concentrations along four replicate gradients in upland black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.004

13. Diffusion of 15N-labelled N2O into soil columns: a promising method to examine the fate of N2O in subsoils

Author:
Clough, T.J.; Kelliher, F.M.; Wang, Y.P.; Sherlock, R.R.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1462-1468
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
gas production (biological); subsoil; nitrous oxide; diffusion; nitrogen; stable isotopes; isotope labeling; environmental fate; denitrification
Abstract:
... Nitrous oxide research has generally focused directly on measuring fluxes of N2O from the soil surface. The fate of N2O in the subsoil has often been placed in the 'too hard' basket. However, determining the production, fate and movement of N2O in the subsoil is vital in fully understanding the sources of surface fluxes and in compiling accurate inventories for N2O emissions. The aim of this study ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.002

14. Does the acephaline gregarine Monocystis sp. modify the surface behaviour of its earthworm host Lumbricus terrestris?

Author:
Field, S.G.; Michiels, N.K.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1334-1339
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
parasites; animal behavior; Lumbricus terrestris; behavior modification; coevolution; hosts; host-parasite relationships; earthworms; Gregarinomorphea; inbreeding depression
Abstract:
... The earthworm Lumbricus terrestris has relatively low dispersal rates. This can represent a challenge for the internal gregarine parasite Monocystis, the dispersal of which often depends on the host. Mating of Monocystis can also be restricted to parasite stages within the current host individual. Adaptations, including host behavioural modification, that improve parasite transmission and simultan ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.022

15. Earthworm primers for DNA-based gut content analysis and their cross-reactivity in a multi-species system

Author:
Admassu, B.; Juen, A.; Traugott, M.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1308-1315
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
sequence analysis; food webs; Collembola; mitochondrial DNA; DNA primers; polymerase chain reaction; biodiversity; phylogeny; earthworms; genetic variation; Lumbricidae; feeding preferences; grassland soils; Austria
Abstract:
... Specific primers can be used in polymerase chain reactions (PCR) to amplify prey DNA from the gut content of generalist predators at high specificity and sensitivity. A prerequisite for applying this approach to field studies, however, is to confirm that primers are actually targeting specific prey species or prey groups and do not produce false positive results by amplifying DNA either from preda ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.019

16. Effect of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation on rhizobacterial communities analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis

Author:
Lerner, A.; Herschkovitz, Y.; Baudoin, E.; Nazaret, S.; Moenne-Loccoz, Y.; Okon, Y.; Jurkevitch, E.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1212-1218
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
Rhizobiales; Zea mays; corn; seed inoculation; Azospirillum brasilense; community structure; soil bacteria; rhizosphere; gel electrophoresis; polymerase chain reaction; DNA fingerprinting
Abstract:
... Nucleic acid-based techniques allow the exploration of microbial communities in the environments such as the rhizosphere. Azospirillum brasilense, a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR), causes morphological changes in the plant root system. These changes in root physiology may indirectly affect the microbial diversity of the rhizosphere. In this study, the changes in the rhizobacterial st ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.007

17. Effect of summer throughfall exclusion, summer drought, and winter snow cover on methane fluxes in a temperate forest soil

Author:
Borken, W.; Davidson, E.A.; Savage, K.; Sundquist, E.T.; Steudler, P.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1388-1395
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
temperate forests; deciduous forests; mixed forests; forest soils; methane; throughfall; drought; snow; gas emissions; soil water content; water stress; methanotrophs; soil bacteria; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... Soil moisture strongly controls the uptake of atmospheric methane by limiting the diffusion of methane into the soil, resulting in a negative correlation between soil moisture and methane uptake rates under most non-drought conditions. However, little is known about the effect of water stress on methane uptake in temperate forests during severe droughts. We simulated extreme summer droughts by exc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.011

18. Gas chromatographic analysis of monosaccharides in a forest soil profile: Analysis by gas chromatography after trifluoroacetic acid hydrolysis and reduction-acetylation

Author:
Rumpel, C.; Dignac, M.F.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1478-1481
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
forest soils; acid soils; soil profiles; monosaccharides; gas chromatography; forest litter; mineral soils; soil horizons; hydrolysis; acetylation
Abstract:
... The analysis of sugars in soil at a molecular level may help to understand their origin and function. Gas chromatographic determination of individual sugars was applied to the litter layers and all mineral soil horizons of an acid forest soil under broad-leaved trees. Hydrolysis was carried out using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). For GC analysis, the monosaccharide units were derivatised by reductio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.017

19. Growth promotion of plants by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria under greenhouse and two different field soil conditions

Author:
Cakmakci, R.; Donmez, F.; Aydin, A.; Sahin, F.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1482-1487
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
nitrogen-fixing bacteria; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria; crop yield; field experimentation; phosphorus; solubilization; Pseudomonas putida; greenhouses; Paenibacillus polymyxa; Bacillus megaterium; fertilizer application; loam soils; Rhodobacter capsulatus; plant growth; sugar beet; soil organic matter; Bacillus licheniformis; nitrogen fertilizers; seed inoculation; phosphorus fertilizers; sandy loam soils
Abstract:
... This study was conducted with sugar beet in greenhouse and field at two soil type with different organic matter (containing 2.4 and 15.9% OM, referred as the low- and high-OM soil) conditions in order to investigate seed inoculation of sugar beet, with five N2-fixing and two phosphate solubilizing bacteria in comparison to control and mineral fertilizers (N and P) application. Three bacterial stra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.09.019

20. Hydrolysis of precipitated phytate by three distinct families of phytases

Author:
Tang, J.; Leung, A.; Leung, C.; Lim, B.L.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2006 v.38 no.6 pp. 1316-1324
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
manganese; phytic acid; Aspergillus ficuum; phytases; acid phosphatase; copper; zinc; calcium; iron; cations; root exudates; magnesium; soil enzymes; aluminum; genetic engineering; hydrolysis; wheat bran; enzyme activity; adsorption
Abstract:
... While genetically modified plants that secrete histidine acid phosphatases (HAPs), β-propeller phytases (BPPs) and purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) have been shown to assimilate soluble phytate, little is known about whether these plants have the ability to hydrolyze precipitated phytate. In this study, the ability of representative members of these three classes of phytases to hydrolyze metal-phyt ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.021