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You searched for: Journal name Southern forests Remove constraint Journal name: Southern forests Subject term Fusarium circinatum Remove constraint Subject term: Fusarium circinatum
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1. Alternative pine hybrids and species to Pinus patula and P. radiata in South Africa and Swaziland

Author:
Phillip Hongwane; Glen Mitchell; Arnulf Kanzler; Steven Verryn; Juan Lopez; Paxie Chirwa
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.4 pp. 301-310
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus caribaea; Pinus elliottii; Pinus maximinoi; Pinus oocarpa; Pinus patula; Pinus radiata; Pinus tecunumanii; altitude; cold; forests; freezing; fungi; hybrids; parents; plant improvement; planting; rain; summer; temperate zones; winter; Eswatini; South Africa
Abstract:
... Through the collaborative efforts of companies affiliated with the International Program for Tree Improvement and Conservation (Camcore), a number of pine hybrids have been produced over the last decade. Many of these have been planted in trials across southern Africa that broadly represent winter and summer rainfall areas, with the latter ranging from warm to cold temperate sites. The five-year s ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1393744

2. Association of the pitch canker pathogen Fusarium circinatum with grass hosts in commercial pine production areas of South Africa

Author:
Cassandra L Swett; Bernice Porter; Gerda Fourie; Emma T Steenkamp; Thomas R Gordon; Michael J Wingfield
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 161-166
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Briza maxima; DNA; Ehrharta; Fusarium circinatum; Pinus; Pseudotsuga menziesii; disease occurrence; endophytes; forests; fungi; grasses; host range; hosts; inoculum; nucleotide sequences; pathogens; plantations; sanitation; virulence; California; South Africa
Abstract:
... The pitch canker pathogen, Fusarium circinatum , has major impacts on production in pine nurseries and plantations in South Africa. Thus far, efforts to reduce local spread have focused on rouging of infected pines and sanitation to eliminate local sources of inoculum. Although the host range of F. circinatum was thought to be limited to pines and Douglas-fir, recent studies in California indicate ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.916087

3. Comparison of the tolerance of Pinus patula seedlings and established trees to infection by Fusarium circinatum

Author:
R Glen Mitchell; Michael J Wingfield; Emma T Steenkamp; Jolanda Roux; Steven Verryn; Teresa A Coutinho
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 151-159
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; clones; foresters; forests; greenhouse experimentation; greenhouses; open pollination; pathogens; screening; seedlings; seeds; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... Since the first appearance of Fusarium circinatum in South Africa in 1990, foresters have been challenged with poor field survival of Pinus patula seedlings at establishment. One of the best long-term solutions is to improve the genetic tolerance of P. patula to infection by the pathogen. Currently, large numbers of families are routinely screened for their tolerance to F. circinatum by infecting ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.899061

4. Culture-independent detection and quantification of Fusarium circinatum in a pine-producing seedling nursery

Author:
Gerda Fourie; Michael J Wingfield; Brenda D Wingfield; Nicky B Jones; Andrew R Morris; Emma T Steenkamp
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 137-143
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; conidia; dieback; forests; fungicides; inoculum; insect control; mortality; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; root crown; sanitation; seedlings; shoots
Abstract:
... The primary symptoms associated with Fusarium circinatum infection in pine seedling nurseries are root and collar rot, shoot and tip die-back and seedling mortality. Management of this pathogen in nurseries usually involves the integration of various strategies relating to sanitation, insect control and fungicide treatment. The overall goal of this study was to use quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.899058

5. Discriminating the occurrence of pitch canker fungus in Pinus radiata trees using QuickBird imagery and artificial neural networks

Author:
Nitesh K Poona; Riyad Ismail
Source:
Southern forests 2013 v.75 no.1 pp. 29-40
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus radiata; fungi; image analysis; landscapes; neural networks; plantations; remote sensing; trees; vegetation
Abstract:
... Pathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium circinatum, present a serious threat to Pinus radiata plantations. The effective management of infected trees is thus paramount. Coupled with advanced techniques, high spatial resolution remote sensing data provides the necessary tools to effectively identify and map infected trees. This paper explores the utility of transformed high spatial resolution QuickBird ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.748255

6. Effect on nursery and field performance of Pinus patula seedlings after inoculation with Fusarium circinatum

Author:
Nicoletta B Jones; Craig M Ford; Marnie E Light; Ryan L Nadel; Izette Greyling; Gerda Fourie; Michael J Wingfield; Andrew R Morris
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 125-136
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; forestry; forests; fungi; inoculum; mortality; pathogens; plant establishment; seedlings; water stress; South Africa
Abstract:
... Fusarium circinatum is an important fungal pathogen of Pinus species. In South Africa, it is the most significant pathogen of Pinus patula seedlings in forestry nurseries where it presents a substantial constraint to productivity and can continue to cause mortality in-field for up to two years after establishment. This study describes the results from two trials where P. patula seedlings were inoc ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.916503

7. Frost tolerance of various Pinus pure species and hybrids

Author:
Fanelesibonge Mabaso; Hannél Ham; André Nel
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.3 pp. 273-280
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus caribaea; Pinus elliottii; Pinus oocarpa; Pinus patula; Pinus tecunumanii; altitude; electrolyte leakage; forest industries; forests; freezing; frost; frost injury; frost resistance; fungi; genotype; hybrids; in vitro studies; interspecific hybridization; laboratory experimentation; mortality; paper; pulp; rain; root cuttings; sawlogs; screening; seedlings; summer; temperature
Abstract:
... Pinus species are widely planted by the South African forestry industry and are utilised for pulp, paper and saw timber products. Historically, Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. et Cham. was the most widely planted commercial species in the summer rainfall area, but has come under severe threat due to the fungus Fusarium circinatum. Fusarium circinatum causes mortality in nurseries and in-field aft ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1615212

8. Future outlook for Pinus patula in South Africa in the presence of the pitch canker fungus (Fusarium circinatum)

Author:
RG Mitchell; TA Coutinho; E Steenkamp; M Herbert; MJ Wingfield
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.4 pp. 203-210
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
hybrids; nursery crops; Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; disease control; clones; crossing; softwood; trees; wood properties; planting; seed orchards; seedling production; temperature; cold tolerance; mortality; fungi; South Africa
Abstract:
... Approximately 50% of the area planted to softwood trees in South Africa has been established with Pinus patula, making it the most important pine species in the country. More effort has gone into developing this species for improved growth, tree form and wood properties than with any other species. This substantial investment has been threatened in the last 10 years by the pitch canker fungus, Fus ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.741792

9. Genetic parameters for Fusarium circinatum tolerance within openpollinated families of Pinus patula tested at screening facilities in South Africa and the USA

Author:
Andre Nel; Gary R Hodge; Kgosi E Mongwaketsi; Arnulf Kanzler
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 145-150
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; breeding; crops; forests; fungi; genetic variation; greenhouses; hygiene; mortality; open pollination; screening; seedlings; trees; South Africa; United States
Abstract:
... The pine pitch canker fungus, Fusarium circinatum , has caused large-scale mortality of Pinus patula Schiede & Deppe ex Schltdl. & Cham. crops in South African nurseries. This disease is now managed with strict hygiene practices and mortality in commercial nurseries has been drastically reduced. During the last 10 years, however, the disease started to manifest in the field, impacting on post-plan ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.916500

10. Grasses as a refuge for Fusarium circinatum L. – evidence from South Africa

Author:
Darryl A Herron; Michael J Wingfield; Felix Fru; Brenda D Wingfield; Emma T Steenkamp
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.3 pp. 253-262
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; Pinus radiata; administrative management; aggression; forests; fungi; genotype; grasses; inoculum; mating types; nursery stock; pathogens; plantations; planting; quarantine; screening; seedlings; soil; trays; trees; water; South Africa
Abstract:
... Fusarium circinatum L. is an important pathogen in countries that grow and manage Pinus species. Approximately 50% or 600 000 ha of South Africa’s commercial plantations are planted to Pinus spp. and some of these are threatened by this fungus. Contaminated plants, planting trays, soil and water can all act as sources of inoculum. In this study, we considered the role of grasses as a possible sour ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2020.1813649

11. Growth and dynamic modulus of elasticity of Pinus patula × Pinus tecunumanii hybrids in Mpumalanga, South Africa

Author:
Phillip C Hongwane; R Glen Mitchell; Arnulf Kanzler; Steven D Verryn; Paxie WC Chirwa
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.4 pp. 277-285
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; Pinus tecunumanii; ecotypes; forests; fungi; hybrids; modulus of elasticity; nursery stock; tree growth; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... Field establishment of South Africa’s most important commercial pine species, Pinus patula, is severely hampered by the pitch canker fungus, Fusarium circinatum. Importantly, hybrids between P. patula and other pine species tolerant to the pitch canker fungus, such as P. tecunumanii and P. oocarpa, have been identified as an alternative planting stock. In this study, variation in tree volume and d ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1254899

12. High genetic diversity of Fusarium circinatum associated with the first outbreak of pitch canker on Pinus patula in South Africa

Author:
Felix F Fru; Emma T Steenkamp; Michael J Wingfield; Jolanda Roux
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.1 pp. 69-78
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; Pinus radiata; alleles; forests; fungal diseases of plants; genetic analysis; genetic markers; genetic recombination; genetic variation; genotype; mating types; plant pathogenic fungi; plantation forestry; plantations; planting; root diseases; seedling diseases; seedlings; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... The disease known as pitch canker results from infection of Pinus species by the fungus Fusarium circinatum. This fungus also causes a serious root disease of Pinus seedlings and cuttings in forestry nurseries. Pinus radiata and P. patula are especially susceptible to the pathogen, but there are no records of pitch canker on P. patula in established plantations. To date, only planting material of ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1496312

13. Initial growth results comparing first generation F1 and advanced-generation F2 Pinus patula × Pinus tecunumanii interspecific hybrid families

Author:
André Nel; Juan J Acosta; Gary R Hodge
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.2 pp. 170-176
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; Pinus tecunumanii; altitude; field experimentation; hybrids; mortality; progeny; seed yield; wood; South Africa
Abstract:
... The hybrid between Pinus patula and P. tecunumanii low elevation (PPTL) and high elevation (PPTH) sources was developed in the 1990s in South Africa and commercialised during the 2000s in response to high post-establishment mortality of P. patula caused by Fusarium circinatum. The growth and wood properties for these hybrids are also superior to the parental species. This study describes an experi ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.1926370

14. Pinus patula and pine hybrid hedge productivity in South Africa: a comparison between two vegetative propagation systems exposed to natural infection by Fusarium circinatum

Author:
Craig M Ford; Nicoletta B Jones; Paxie WC Chirwa
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 167-175
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; Pinus tecunumanii; bags; bark; forests; growing media; hybrids; hydroponics; mortality; pathogens; sand; vegetative propagation; South Africa
Abstract:
... In response to the Fusarium circinatum pine pathogen threat in southern Africa, research has been conducted on the development of F. circinatum- tolerant P. patula and P. patula hybrids. The objective of this study was to investigate the propagation potential of these taxa in two vegetative propagation systems, hydroponic sand beds and polythene bags with composted pine bark growing medium. Signif ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.916501

15. Re-use of seedling containers and Fusarium circinatum association with asymptomatic Pinus patula planting stock

Author:
Andrew R Morris; Gerda Fourie; Izette Greyling; Emma T Steenkamp; Nicoletta B Jones
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 177-187
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; containers; control methods; crops; discoloration; forests; hygiene; inoculum; mortality; open pollination; pathogens; planting; root systems; sanitation; screening; seedling growth; seedlings; steam; Southern Africa
Abstract:
... Fusarium circinatum is a pathogen causing serious post-planting mortality of Pinus patula seedlings in southern Africa. Containerised planting stock that is asymptomatic but associated with F. circinatum in the nursery is thought to be the cause of this problem. The aim of this study was to determine if re-use of seedling containers could be a source of inoculum resulting in asymptomatic planting ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.957491

16. Tolerance of Pinus patula full-sib families to Fusarium circinatum in a greenhouse study

Author:
RG Mitchell; MJ Wingfield; ET Steenkamp; TA Coutinho
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.4 pp. 247-252
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; clones; fungi; greenhouses; mortality; open pollination; parents; pathogens; pollen; progeny; seedlings; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... The pitch canker fungus, Fusarium circinatum, has caused large-scale mortality of young Pinus patula Schiede and Deppe ex Schltdl. and Cham. seedlings in nurseries in South Africa since 1990. Diseased seedlings have been inadvertently carried to the field, which in turn have died and has reduced stocking below an acceptable level. Tree breeders have suggested that the only long-term solution to li ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.741788

17. The pitch canker fungus, Fusarium circinatum: implications for South African forestry

Author:
RG Mitchell; ET Steenkamp; TA Coutinho; MJ Wingfield
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.1 pp. 1-13
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; disease outbreaks; forestry; fungi; mortality; pathogens; plantations; planting; seedlings; softwood; South Africa
Abstract:
... Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pitch canker of mature pines and root/collar rot of pine seedlings/cuttings, has resulted in large-scale losses to pine forestry in various parts of the world. The disease caused by this fungus is now regarded as one of the most important threats to pine plantations by a pathogen. Fusarium circinatum was first discovered in South Africa in 1990 where it inf ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.574828

18. The strategic importance of applied tree conservation programs to the forest industry in South Africa

Author:
WS Dvorak
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.1 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; Fusarium circinatum; Pinus; alleles; climate change; conservation programs; forest industries; forest plantations; fungi; hybrids; insects; open pollination; parks; pest resistance; population size; seedlings; tree breeding; trees; Central America; Mexico; South Africa; South East Asia
Abstract:
... Because of anticipated adverse climatic change and resulting increases in disease and insect attacks in forest plantations in the future, forest industries must maintain broad genetic bases for adaptability and pest resistance. Since the early 1980s, the South African forest industry has obtained genetic material of 25 pine and eucalypt species that represent more than 4 200 trees from 260 natural ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.683635