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1. A South African softwood sawtimber supply chain case study

Author:
Pierre A Ackerman; Elizabeth A van der Merwe; Reino E Pulkki
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.4 pp. 329-338
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
case studies; cash flow analysis; felling; forest roads; forests; geographic information systems; harvesting; humans; landscapes; marketing; roadsides; sawlogs; softwood; supply chain
Abstract:
... Supply chain management principles were analysed by investigating the effects of smaller-scale and incremental interventions in a forest-to-mill value chain on financial returns and forest resource use in an Eastern Cape case study area. Three previous studies provided input by determining fibre balances, a terrain factor, and primary and secondary transport travel speeds and efficiencies. Network ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1255380

2. A baseline classification of riparian woodland plant communities in the Okavango Delta, Botswana

Author:
Gaolathe Tsheboeng; Mike Murray-Hudson; Keotshepile Kashe
Source:
Southern forests 2016 v.78 no.2 pp. 97-104
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Croton; Garcinia; Hyphaene; Syzygium; Vachellia; body water; cluster analysis; community structure; floodplains; forests; indicator species; monitoring; plant communities; riparian areas; species diversity; surface water; woodlands; Botswana
Abstract:
... In the Okavango Delta information on the riparian woodland vegetation community composition and distribution is generally lacking. Past studies in the Delta were mainly focused on the quantitative classification of seasonal floodplain herbaceous vegetation communities. The aim of this study was to determine riparian woodland vegetation communities in the Okavango Delta. Vegetation sampling was con ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1108619

3. A comparison between excavator-based harvester productivity in coppiced and planted Eucalyptus grandis compartments in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author:
Muedanyi Ramantswana; Andrew McEwan; Jaap Steenkamp
Source:
Southern forests 2013 v.75 no.4 pp. 239-246
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus grandis; forestry equipment; forests; harvesters; harvesting; labor; mechanization; planting; pulpwood; regrowth; stem form; stems; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... Due to the labour challenges in South Africa, mechanised forestry equipment has increasingly been required to operate in complex forest conditions – such as coppiced Eucalyptus compartments – where they have not operated before. For this reason, harvesters are either used in certain coppiced compartments with uncertain productivity expectations, or harvesters are not used in these compartments due ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2013.858213

4. A comparison of collinearity mitigation techniques used in predicting BLUP breeding values and genetic gains over generations

Author:
K A Eatwell; S D Verryn; C Z Roux; P JM Geerthsen
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.3-4 pp. 155-163
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus grandis; Pinus patula; breeding value; genetic improvement; parents; prediction; progeny; tree breeding
Abstract:
... Collinearity potentially has a negative impact on the prediction of genetic gains in tree breeding programs. This study investigated the reliability and impact of best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) using various collinearity mitigation techniques and of two computational numerical precisions on the genetic gains in breeding populations. Multiple-trait, multiple-trial BLUP selection scenarios w ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.639490

5. A comparison of diameter distribution models for Khaya ivorensis A.Chev. plantations in Brazil

Author:
Rafaella Carvalho Mayrinck; Antonio Carlos Ferraz Filho; Andressa Ribeiro; Ximena Mendes de Oliveira; Renato Ribeiro de Lima
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.4 pp. 373-380
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
plantations; models; trees; Weibull statistics; stand basal area; Khaya ivorensis; databases; prediction; forests; Brazil
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to compare Beta, Gamma, Johnson's SB and Weibull functions fitted by different methods for describing the horizontal structure of Khaya ivorensis (African mahogany) plantations in Brazil. The database comprised 128 plots from six plantations at varying ages. The function fits were compared using the Kolmogoroff–Smirnoff test, mean bias and mean absolute error for the ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1463189

6. A comparison of planting and coppice regeneration of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla clones in South Africa

Author:
Jacob W Crous; Louisa Burger
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.4 pp. 277-285
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus grandis; Eucalyptus urophylla; atmospheric precipitation; clones; coppicing; cost effectiveness; forests; hybrids; planting; stumps; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... Results from two coppice compared to replant trials are presented that originated from clone by site interaction (CSI) trials established on high‑ and low‑productivity sites in subtropical coastal KwaZulu‑Natal, South Africa. After the 84‑month CSI trial measurements were completed the trees were harvested. Selected plots were allowed to coppice with the remainder replanted to the same four Eucaly ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1063031

7. A comparison of productive and non-productive green water-use efficiency of Podocarpus henkelii and Pinus patula in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands

Author:
Hartley H Bulcock; Mark B Gush; Graham PW Jewitt
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.2 pp. 75-84
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pinus patula; Podocarpus; afforestation; canopy; evaporation; forest plantations; forests; fynbos; grasslands; introduced species; models; planning; planting; soil; transpiration; trees; water management; water use efficiency; South Africa
Abstract:
... A number of studies undertaken in South Africa to quantify the green water-use (total evaporation) of introduced commercial forestry species have shown conclusively that green water-use from commercial forest plantations is substantially higher than from the original grasslands or fynbos that were replaced by afforestation. Green water can be categorised into productive (transpiration) and non-pro ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.915451

8. A comparison of the cost-effectiveness of different eucalypt cut-stump control management options to reduce competition from coppice regrowth during stand establishment in Mpumalanga, South Africa

Author:
Jonathan C Roberts; Keith M Little; Marnie E Light
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.3 pp. 261-268
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
triclopyr; felling; mechanization; coppicing; seedlings; Eucalyptus macarthurii; stand basal area; regrowth; control methods; trees; stand establishment; cost effectiveness; cambium; bark; stumps; mortality; forests; South Africa
Abstract:
... Selected cut-stump (Cut_surface) and basal frill (Basal_frill) treatments were tested on Eucalyptus macarthurii cut stumps that had previously been coppiced multiple times. Treatments included the application of herbicide (triclopyr as an amine salt, 360 g L⁻¹), either to the cut-surface or to a basal frill (cuts made through the bark and into the cambium at the base of the tree). These treatments ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1354283

9. A decision support tool approach based on the Electre TRI-B method for the valorisation of tropical timbers from the Congo Basin: an application for glulam products

Author:
René Oum Lissouck; Régis Pommier; Franck Taillandier; Jean K Mvogo; Denys Breysse; Louis M Ayina Ohandja
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.4 pp. 361-371
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
basins; decision support systems; endangered species; engineering; forests; glulam; markets; tropical wood
Abstract:
... An alternative approach to the formal management strategy of tropical timber species from the Congo Basin was investigated. It focused on the development of glulam, with an aim to specify a decision support model for the valorisation of tropical timber species considered for use in these products. There were 76 forest species analysed regarding ecological, engineering and social criteria according ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1463153

10. A first-approximation simple dynamic growth model for forest teak plantations in Gujarat state of India

Author:
Vindhya Prasad Tewari; Bilas Singh
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.1 pp. 59-65
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
mathematical models; plantations; stand density; forest management; growth models; Tectona grandis; stand basal area; tropical wood; forests; India
Abstract:
... Tectona grandis (teak) is one of the most important tropical timber species occurring naturally in India. In India, teak is the single most important commercial timber species. Scientifically sound growth models, based on advanced modelling techniques, are often not available, although they are necessary for the successful management of teak stands in the country. Long-term forest planning require ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1277644

11. A model to predict productivity of different chipping operations

Author:
Mohammad R Ghaffariyan; Raffaele Spinelli; Mark Brown
Source:
Southern forests 2013 v.75 no.3 pp. 129-136
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
biomass; case studies; equations; feeding methods; harvesting; models; prediction; pulp; trees; wood; Australia; Italy; North America; South America
Abstract:
... The chipping operation is an important component of harvesting systems producing biomass and pulp chips. This paper aimed to develop a valid model to predict the productivity of chipping as part of these operations. Over a number of years more than 200 different time studies were conducted on chipping operations in Italy and Australia. Multiple regressions and backward stepwise data analysis metho ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2013.816233

12. A new screening method for Ganoderma philippii tolerance in tropical Acacia species

Author:
Abdul Gafur; Aswardi Nasution; Muhammad Yuliarto; Wong Ching Yong; Mukesh Sharma
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 75-81
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia mangium; Ganoderma; Hevea brasiliensis; biological control agents; crossing; disease control; forests; genotype; hybrids; inoculum; pathogens; planting; rapid methods; root rot; screening; silviculture; wood
Abstract:
... Red root rot disease caused by Ganoderma philippii is one of the most economically important diseases of tropical Acacia species. Research on field control of the disease has to date focused on inoculum reduction, silviculture practices and application of biological control agents. Incorporation of tolerant genotypes, a key component of integrated disease management, has not been adequately explor ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.999304

13. A productivity model for first thinning of Pinus patula using a tractor and double-drum winch in South Africa

Author:
Thabo Moloi; Michal Brink; Paxie W Chirwa; Elisha Ngulube
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.2 pp. 169-173
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pinus patula; experimental design; farms; forests; harvesting; models; regression analysis; tractors; weather; South Africa
Abstract:
... The productivity of skidding tractors in intermediate harvesting operations has not been determined in Mpumalanga, South Africa. The objective of this study was to develop a productivity model using a farm tractor in first thinning operations in Pinus patula compartments. A work study design was used to assess the performance of a skidding agricultural tractor. From 350 samples, important data var ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1312904

14. A review of carbon dynamics and assessment methods in the miombo woodlands

Author:
Ferdinand Handavu; Paxie W Chirwa; Stephen Syampungani; Larwanou Mahamane
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.2 pp. 95-102
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
biomass; carbon; carbon sinks; forests; issues and policy; land use and land cover maps; landscapes; livelihood; models; socioeconomics; spatial variation; stand density; sustainable forestry; uncertainty; wood; woodlands; Southern Africa
Abstract:
... Provision of accurate carbon (C) measurements and analysis are critical components in quantification of C stocks. The objectives of this review were to (1) compile and synthesise current knowledge of available methods for C stock estimation, (2) examine socio-economic drivers of land-use and land-cover change and their influence on woodland C stocks and (3) identify gaps of knowledge and methodolo ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1277643

15. A review of management impacts on the soil productivity of South African commercial forestry plantations and the implications for multiple-rotation productivity

Author:
Louis Titshall; Steven Dovey; Diana Rietz
Source:
Southern forests 2013 v.75 no.4 pp. 169-183
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
biomass; forestry; forests; mechanization; monitoring; plantations; soil; soil productivity
Abstract:
... An overview of southern African research that has investigated the impact of management practices that can potentially affect the long-term site productivity of plantations is presented, with an emphasis of these impacts on soil productivity and with the implications for multiple-rotation site productivity. Activities that are most likely to cause long-term changes in soil productivity are identif ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2013.858210

16. A serious shoot and leaf disease caused by Colletotrichum theobromicola discovered on eucalypts in South Africa

Author:
Myriam Solís; Michael J Wingfield; Izette Greyling; Nam Q Pham
Source:
Southern forests 2022 v.84 no.1 pp. 8-20
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Colletotrichum; Eucalyptus camaldulensis; Eucalyptus grandis; Eucalyptus urophylla; anthracnose; foliar diseases; forest industries; fungi; genes; leaves; nucleotide sequences; pathogenicity; pathogens; phylogeny; Brazil; South Africa
Abstract:
... Eucalypt plantations in South Africa make up an important part of the local forestry industry. Recently, one-year-old nursery plants of a Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla variety displayed symptoms of leaf and shoot anthracnose disease. Samples were collected from these plants and isolations were made from the disease symptoms. Isolates were identified based on their morphological charact ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.2005454

17. A single dominant Ganoderma species is responsible for root rot of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus in Sumatra

Author:
M PA Coetzee; B D Wingfield; G D Golani; B Tjahjono; A Gafur; M J Wingfield
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.3-4 pp. 175-180
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia mangium; Eucalyptus; Ganoderma; fruiting; fruiting bodies; pathogens; phylogeny; plantations; root rot; roots; trees; Indonesia
Abstract:
... Ganoderma root rot is the most serious disease affecting commercially planted Acacia mangium in plantations in Indonesia. Numerous Ganoderma spp. have been recorded from diseased trees of this species and to a lesser extent Eucalyptus, causing confusion regarding the primary cause of the disease. In this study, a large collection of Ganoderma isolates were obtained from the roots of A. mangium sho ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.639488

18. A stratification of the South African forestry landscape based on climatic parameters

Author:
JH Louw; I Germishuizen; CW Smith
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.1 pp. 51-62
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
analysis of variance; case studies; climatic factors; databases; decision making; forestry; forests; landscape ecology; landscapes; models; plant physiology; plantations; prediction; risk management; soil surveys; temperature; South Africa
Abstract:
... The benefits of high-resolution forest site classification systems have been widely acknowledged in South Africa as a prerequisite for decision-making in forestry management. Although substantial research and development work have been done on categorising and mapping the soil and geological environment, surprisingly little has been done to improve our understanding of the role of climate in plant ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.574825

19. A synthesis on the impact of non-native conifer plantations on ant and beetle diversity in north-western Patagonia

Author:
Juan C Corley; Romina D Dimarco; Déborah Fischbein; María V Lantschner; Andrés S Martínez; Maité Masciocchi; Analia Mattiacci; Juan Paritsis; José M Villacide
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.4 pp. 285-291
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Coleoptera; Pinus; afforestation; conifers; developing countries; forests; habitats; indigenous species; insects; monitoring; plantations; softwood; species richness; taxonomy; trees; Argentina
Abstract:
... Softwood forestry with non-native tree species is increasing worldwide and especially in many developing countries of the Southern Hemisphere. Tree plantations are beneficial in environmental and socioeconomic aspects, but at the same time there are recognised costs associated with afforestation. Our aim was to revise the existing information on the impact of exotic conifer plantations in north-we ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1432536

20. A taper function for Pseudotsuga menziesii plantations in Spain

Author:
Carlos A López-Sánchez; Roque Rodríguez-Soalleiro; Fernando Castedo-Dorado; Sacramento Corral-Rivas; Juan G Álvarez-González
Source:
Southern forests 2016 v.78 no.2 pp. 131-135
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pseudotsuga menziesii; autocorrelation; bark; equations; forests; models; plantations; trees; Spain
Abstract:
... Five stem taper models belonging to three different taper function categories were fitted to data corresponding to 282 Pseudotsuga menziesii trees. The trees were selected in the area surrounding 61 research plots installed in Galicia, Asturias and the Basque Country, northern Spain. The models were simultaneously fitted to observed values of diameter outside bark and inside bark. A third-order co ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1136505

21. A tool for identifying potential Eucalyptus nitens seed orchard sites based on climate and topography

Author:
Ilaria Germishuizen; Robin AW Gardner
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.2 pp. 123-130
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus nitens; air temperature; artificial intelligence; autumn; breeding; buds; climate; cold; environmental factors; forests; genetic improvement; landscapes; models; plantation forestry; rain; seed orchards; spring; summer; topography; South Africa
Abstract:
... Shy seed production in orchards of Eucalyptus nitens is a major barrier to the deployment of genetic gain in South African plantations. A machine learning method was used to identify optimal sites for the establishment of E. nitens seed orchards within the plantation forestry landscape of the summer rainfall region of South Africa. The ensemble classifier random forests (RF) was used to identify t ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.984554

22. Aboveground biomass quantification and tree-level prediction models for the Brazilian subtropical Atlantic Forest

Author:
Heitor Felippe Uller; Laio Zimermann Oliveira; Aline Renata Klitzke; Jackson Roberto Eleotério; Alfredo Celso Fantini; Alexander Christian Vibrans
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.3 pp. 261-271
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
aboveground biomass; branches; carbon; carbon dioxide; forest types; leaves; models; neutralization; rain forests; specific gravity; tree and stand measurements; trees; tropical forests; uncertainty; wood; Brazil
Abstract:
... Forests are the largest biological reservoir of biomass and carbon on the planet. This fact turns them into the main tool to neutralise the CO₂ emitted by human activities. Despite such importance, the uncertainties associated with biomass estimates in forests, especially in (sub)tropical forests, are enormous. Facing this scenario, the objectives of this study were (1) to quantify through destruc ...
DOI:
10.2989/00306525.2019.1581498

23. Acacia mearnsii industry overview: current status, key research and development issues

Author:
Julian Moreno Chan; Philip Day; John Feely; Rob Thompson; Keith M Little; Craig H Norris
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 19-30
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia mearnsii; adhesives; bark; beverages; charcoal; consumers (people); exports; farmers; flocculants; forests; fuelwood; hardwood; harvesting; income; kraft pulping; land ownership; leather industry; markets; mechanization; pests; planting; prices; pulp; research and development; silviculture; tannins; trees; vegetables; wages and remuneration; wood chips; wood density; Brazil; China; India; South Africa
Abstract:
... Acacia mearnsii De Wild (black wattle) is an important plantation species for tannin production and woodchip exports in South Africa and Brazil. This study provides an updated overview of the black wattle industries in both countries, including planted areas and land ownership, silviculture and management, bark extract production, woodchip exports, as well as key research and development issues. T ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1006907

24. Acacia plantations in Vietnam: research and knowledge application to secure a sustainable future

Author:
EK Sadanandan Nambiar; Christopher E Harwood; Nguyen Duc Kien
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 1-10
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia; climate; disease resistance; exports; forests; genotype; growers; income; monitoring; plantations; rural economics; soil; stand management; tree breeding; tree diseases; wood; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Vietnam has established 1.1 million ha of acacia plantations for wood production, managed on 5- to 10-year rotation cycles. Nearly 50% of the resource is managed by small growers holding 1–5 ha woodlots. Acacia plantations have emerged as an important resource for supporting the rural economy and national export revenue. Given the range of climate, terrain, soils, management inputs and skills, pla ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.999301

25. Additive biomass model for Heritiera fomes (Buch.-Hum.) in the Sundarbans Reserved Forest, Bangladesh

Author:
Mohammad Raqibul Hasan Siddique; Mahmood Hossain; SM Rubaiot Abdullah; Md. Zaheer Iqbal; Mariam Akhter; Gael Sola; Laurent Saint-Andre; Matieu Henry
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.3 pp. 185-195
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Heritiera fomes; bark; biomass; carbon; carbon sinks; data collection; forests; leaves; models; nondestructive methods; ovens; statistical analysis; tree and stand measurements; tree height; trees; wood density; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... Mangroves are recognised as an important carbon sequester and therefore demand accurate biomass and carbon stock estimations. This study aimed to develop additive biomass models for Heritiera fomes, the most dominant tree species of the Sundarbans Reserved Forest in Bangladesh. Using a non-destructive method, 219 small branches (diameter < 7 cm) were harvested from 97 individual trees to develop b ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.1934180

26. Air layering and its potential in propagating Uapaca kirkiana: a fruit tree from the miombo woodland, Tanzania

Author:
PP Mwang'ingo; LL Lulandala
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.2 pp. 67-71
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Uapaca kirkiana; air layering; biomass; cost effectiveness; deforestation; forests; fruit trees; indole butyric acid; nutritional status; rearing; rooting; roots; shoots; Tanzania
Abstract:
... The potential to propagate Uapaca kirkiana through air layering was investigated at Igumbilo forest, Tanzania. The objective was to determine the effect of time of setting air layers and use of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to promote rooting. Air layers were initiated on young shoots, 1-to 2-years old, growing on mature trees. After root initiation, they were detached, potted and reared at the nurs ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.610875

27. Allelopathic effects of invasive Eucalyptus camaldulensis on germination and early growth of four native species in the Western Cape, South Africa

Author:
Sheunesu Ruwanza; Mirijam Gaertner; Karen J Esler; David M Richardson
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.2 pp. 91-105
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Dimorphotheca; Eucalyptus camaldulensis; Olea europaea; allelopathy; bark; cineole; ecosystems; forests; gas chromatography; geomorphology; germination; greenhouse experimentation; habitats; indigenous species; invasive species; leaves; motivation; rivers; root growth; seedling growth; shoots; soil; stream flow; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. (red river gum; Myrtaceae) is an invasive tree in riparian habitats of the Western Cape, South Africa, where it replaces indigenous vegetation and affects ecosystem functioning. These invasions lead to changes in river geomorphology and reduction in stream flow. The mechanisms that drive these effects are poorly understood. The potential for allelopathic effects of ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.965985

28. Allometric equations from a non-destructive approach for biomass prediction in natural forest and plantation in West Africa

Author:
SA Hamzath Kora; GH Sabin Guendehou; Cédric A Goussanou; Achille E Assogbadjo; Brice Sinsin
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.2 pp. 111-122
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia auriculiformis; allometry; biomass; equations; forest ecosystems; forests; models; prediction; statistical analysis; trees; wood; Benin
Abstract:
... Allometric equations are required for a rapid estimation of commercial timber volume and forest biomass stocks. In order to preserve the forest ecosystem, this study applied a non-destructive sampling approach to measure biophysical properties of living trees. From these measurements, volume and biomass models were developed for 11 dominant tree species in a semi-deciduous natural forest and for A ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1512795

29. Allometric models for estimation of aboveground biomass of Gmelina arborea Roxb. in pulpwood plantations of Bangladesh

Author:
Lulu Rayhan Khushi; Mahmood Hossain; SM Rubaiot Abdullah; Sanjoy Saha; Mohammad Raqibul Hasan Siddique
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.1 pp. 45-48
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Gmelina arborea; aboveground biomass; allometry; bark; branches; carbon; equations; forests; indigenous species; leaves; linear models; nitrogen; phosphorus; plantations; potassium; pulpwood; trees; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... Gmelina arborea Roxb. is a fast-growing, deciduous tree species native to Bangladesh. It has been widely planted since 1992 for commercial production of pulpwood in hilly areas of Bangladesh. The purpose of this study was to derive well-fitting allometric models for estimation of aboveground biomass, and carbon and nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) stocks in G. arborea to ensure sustai ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1488209

30. Allometric models for height and aboveground biomass of dominant tree species in South African Mistbelt forests

Author:
Sylvanus Mensah; Ruan Veldtman; Thomas Seifert
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.1 pp. 19-30
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Combretum; Croton; Syzygium; Trichilia dregeana; aboveground biomass; allometry; biomass production; branches; carbon; equations; forest inventory; models; rain forests; tree and stand measurements; trees; variance; South Africa
Abstract:
... Novel species-specific equations for the estimation of height and aboveground biomass were established for four dominant tree species (Syzygium gerrardii Burtt Davy, Combretum kraussii Hochst., Trichilia dregeana Sond. and Croton sylvaticus Hochst.), in the Northern Mistbelt Forests of South Africa. A non-destructive sampling methodology was applied, which was based on measuring standing trees, se ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1225187

31. Allometric models to estimate foliage biomass of Tamarindus indica in Burkina Faso

Author:
Loyapin Bondé; Moussa Ganamé; Oumarou Ouédraogo; Blandine MI Nacoulma; Adjima Thiombiano; Joseph I Boussim
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.2 pp. 143-150
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Tamarindus indica; allometry; analysis of variance; biomass; equations; forests; income; leaves; medicine; model validation; models; nontimber forest products; people; prediction; socioeconomics; trees; Burkina Faso
Abstract:
... Tamarindus indica L. is a multi-purpose tropical species. In West Africa the local people use its leaves daily as a source of food, medicine and income. To prevent the over-exploitation of this species for its use for non-timber forest products, the estimation of foliage production needs to be adressed. This study aimed to (1) assess the effects of distribution zone and tree size on foliage produc ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1292451

32. Allometric relationships to predict aboveground biomass of 8–10-year-old Eucalyptus grandis × E. nitens in south-eastern Mpumalanga, South Africa

Author:
PB van Niekerk; DM Drew; SB Dovey; B du Toit
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.1 pp. 15-23
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus grandis; Eucalyptus nitens; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; aboveground biomass; allometry; carbon; carbon footprint; carbon sinks; clearcutting; databases; environmental policy; forests; guidelines; hybrids; models; ownership; pulpwood; statistical analysis; stemwood; tree and stand measurements; wood volume; South Africa
Abstract:
... South Africa is new to the implementation of climate change policies, and the forestry sector in this country is taking ownership of estimating its greenhouse gas inventories. Improving the level of accuracy of carbon stock estimations calls for the population of a national biomass database on commercially planted species. The development of models to predict the biomass of Eucalyptus grandis × ni ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1686686

33. Alternative eucalypts for commercial pulpwood production at moderately dry sites in the warm temperate zone of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author:
Robin AW Gardner; Keith M Little; Arnulf Kanzler; Thimagren N Naidoo
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.2 pp. 115-129
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Corymbia; Eucalyptus benthamii; Glycaspis brimblecombei; Leptocybe invasa; altitude; atmospheric precipitation; forests; insect pests; planting; pulpwood; temperate zones; temperature; tree and stand measurements; tree growth; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... During 2001, a series of four site–taxa interaction trials was established in the warm temperate (mean annual temperature range 16–19 °C) forestry climatic zone of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa. The main objective was to investigate the commercial forestry potential of a range of alternative Eucalyptus and Corymbia taxa for moderately dry (mean annual precipitation < 850 mm) sites within the z ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1337434

34. Alternative pine hybrids and species to Pinus patula and P. radiata in South Africa and Swaziland

Author:
Phillip Hongwane; Glen Mitchell; Arnulf Kanzler; Steven Verryn; Juan Lopez; Paxie Chirwa
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.4 pp. 301-310
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus caribaea; Pinus elliottii; Pinus maximinoi; Pinus oocarpa; Pinus patula; Pinus radiata; Pinus tecunumanii; altitude; cold; forests; freezing; fungi; hybrids; parents; plant improvement; planting; rain; summer; temperate zones; winter; Eswatini; South Africa
Abstract:
... Through the collaborative efforts of companies affiliated with the International Program for Tree Improvement and Conservation (Camcore), a number of pine hybrids have been produced over the last decade. Many of these have been planted in trials across southern Africa that broadly represent winter and summer rainfall areas, with the latter ranging from warm to cold temperate sites. The five-year s ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1393744

35. An allometric equation for estimating stem biomass of Acacia auriculiformis in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh

Author:
Jiban Chandra Deb; Md. Abdul Halim; Enam Ahmed
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.2 pp. 103-113
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia auriculiformis; autocorrelation; biomass; carbon sinks; data collection; equations; forests; linear models; t-test; trees; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... Tree biomass plays an important role in sustainable management and in estimating forest carbon stocks. The objective of this study was to select the best model for measuring stem biomass of Acacia auriculiformis in the study area. Data from five hillocks and 120 individual trees from each hillock were used in this study. Twelve different forms of linear, power and exponential equations were compar ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.701429

36. An analysis of South African sawmilling competitiveness

Author:
S Grobbelaar; JK Visser
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.1 pp. 28-37
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
economic crises; labor productivity; markets; people; prices; raw materials; sawing; sawlogs; supply balance; wages and remuneration; South Africa
Abstract:
... The South African sawn timber market supply and demand are in equilibrium and significantly associated with the local residential construction market. During the great financial crisis (GFC), the local residential construction market contracted. This caused a reduction in sawn timber demand, price and margin. Subsequently, the competition between sawmillers increased and led to the closure of 41 m ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2020.1813646

37. An artificial inoculation protocol for Uromycladium acaciae, cause of a serious disease of Acacia mearnsii in southern Africa

Author:
Stuart Fraser; Alistair R McTaggart; Julian Moreno Chan; Thobile Nxumalo; Louise S Shuey; Michael J Wingfield; Jolanda Roux
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.1 pp. 85-90
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia mearnsii; Uromycladium; field experimentation; forests; plantations; protocols; Southern Africa
Abstract:
... Uromycladium acaciae is the cause of a severe wattle rust epidemic in plantations of Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) in southern Africa. Research on the biology of this damaging rust is assisting in the development of control strategies. One strategy under investigation is the identification and deployment of resistant lines of A. mearnsii. Selection of resistant families currently relies on large- ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1468985

38. An assessment of the forest regeneration potential of the taungya system of farming in Oyo State, south-western Nigeria

Author:
Ismail O Azeez; Labode Popoola; Idowu O Shulamite
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.2 pp. 143-151
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Gmelina arborea; agricultural land; canopy; credit; crops; data collection; education; farmers; farms; forest regeneration; forest reserves; forestry development; forests; funding; interviews; issues and policy; males; planting; questionnaires; statistics; sustainable forestry; taungya system; trees; Nigeria
Abstract:
... Balancing forest regeneration and meeting food and fibre needs of Nigeria’s ever-increasing population challenges is imperative to her sustainable development. Two methods of artificial forest regeneration practiced in Oyo State, Nigeria to meet these challenges are direct planting and taungya systems. This paper reports the performance of the taungya system of forest regeneration in Osho Forest R ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1255425

39. An evaluation of the economics and productivity of fully mechanised tree seedling planting in Brazil

Author:
Saulo Philipe Sebastião Guerra; Rafael Ribeiro Soler; Guilherme Corrêa Sereghetti; Guilherme Oguri
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.3 pp. 281-284
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; economics; forests; harvesting; logging; mechanization; planting; seedlings; silvicultural practices; trees; Brazil
Abstract:
... From an economic point of view, Eucalyptus is the most important forest genus in Brazil, covering more than 5 million ha. However, most of the silvicultural practices have a low level of mechanisation compared with harvesting and logging operations. This study presents an evaluation of the economics and productivity of the first Brazilian experience of using a planter device attached to an excavat ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1615225

40. An evaluation of the environmental behaviour, fate and risk of key pesticides used in South African forest plantations

Author:
Noxolo Nokwethemba Ndlovu; Keith Little; Brenda Baillie; Carol Rolando
Source:
Southern forests 2022 v.84 no.1 pp. 83-92
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
certification; environmental fate; forest industries; forests; human health; laws and regulations; pesticide use reduction; pesticides; risk
Abstract:
... Pesticides are important for the management of pests and diseases that have a negative impact on the sustainability of the forestry industry. Nevertheless, there is a trend to reduce pesticide use owing to the potential detrimental impacts they pose to terrestrial and aquatic environments and human health. This study aimed to determine the extent of South African forestry-related research that has ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2022.2045879

41. An improved technique for non-destructive measurement of the stem volume of standing wood

Author:
Cheng He; Xiafang Hong; Kezhen Liu; Siyu Zhang; Qiuwen Wang
Source:
Southern forests 2016 v.78 no.1 pp. 53-60
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Larix gmelinii; Populus tomentosa; correlation; forest surveys; forests; models; tree and stand measurements; trees; wood
Abstract:
... An improved technique, cheaper and less time-consuming, to measure standing wood volume by using an electronic theodolite was tested, by which greater information from the forest could be acquired accurately and non-destructively. This was achieved by recording the diameter at breast height and ground-level diameter of a tree as well as the included angle between the electronic theodolite and the ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1108617

42. An irrigation control system with a web-based interface for the management of Eucalyptus planting stock in a nursery

Author:
Nkosinathi D Kaptein; Michael J Savage; Marnie E Light
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.1 pp. 31-37
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus dunnii; Internet; Pinus; automation; bark; coir; containers; equations; forestry; forests; gravimetry; irrigation scheduling; irrigation systems; leaching; microprocessors; nursery stock; nutrients; perlite; pests; polystyrenes; seedlings; soil water; soil water content; vermiculite; water conservation; water content; water stress
Abstract:
... Efficient nursery irrigation is a key factor for the production of high-quality forestry planting stock. Conventional timer-based irrigation systems used by most forestry nurseries have some drawbacks that, if not properly managed, can lead to over-irrigation and water wastage, leaching of nutrients and contribute to increased incidences of pests and/or diseases. A practical method to accurately m ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1479922

43. Analysing species site-specific tree growth, mortality and in-growth for miombo woodlands in Tanzania

Author:
E E Njoghomi; S Valkonen; K Karlsson
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.1 pp. 43-55
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
ecosystems; mortality; stand density; tree growth; trees; Tanzania
Abstract:
... The silvicultural information base for the development of management regimes for Tanzanian miombo woodlands is underdeveloped. The limited and fragmented information on tree growth and stand dynamics has constrained the progress of sustainable management in these woodlands. Therefore, this study focused on analysing major components of tree growth, mortality, in-growth and stand dynamics on perman ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2020.1814113

44. Anatomical changes in the cell-wall structure of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit as caused by the decay fungi Trametes versicolor and Trametes hirsuta

Author:
Isha M Bhatt; Pramod S; Rina D Koyani; Kishore S Rajput
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.4 pp. 297-303
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Coriolus hirsutus; Coriolus versicolor; Leucaena leucocephala; Trametes; cell walls; confocal laser scanning microscopy; decay fungi; decayed wood; delignification; forests; sap; sapwood
Abstract:
... The structural changes in the cell wall and delignification pattern caused by Trametes versicolor and Trametes hirsuta in the sap wood of Leucaena leucocephala were examined by light and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The in vitro decay test was conducted for 12 weeks. Both species of Trametes used in this study caused anatomical characteristics specific to simultaneous white rot. Formation o ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1063032

45. Anatomical, physiological and allometric contrasts of the Cerrado tree Dalbergia miscolobium in full sun and shade environments

Author:
Ane Marcela das Chagas Mendonça; Jean Marcel Sousa Lira; Marcelo Rodrigues; Vanessa da Fontoura Custódio Monteiro; Edson Simão; João Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino Barbosa
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.2 pp. 104-111
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Dalbergia miscolobium; allometry; carbon; cerrado; chlorophyll; density; dry matter partitioning; forests; geographical distribution; leaf thickness; leaves; light; phenotype; phenotypic plasticity; photosynthesis; root shoot ratio; seedlings; shade; solar radiation; specific leaf area; stomatal conductance; tree height; trees
Abstract:
... The Brazilian Cerrado is a mosaic comprised of different vegetation formations and consequently, different environmental conditions. Tree density modifies the availability of light and affects species distribution. Thus, seedlings of species with a broad distribution should show contrasting anatomical, morphological, and physiological traits depending on environmental conditions, and this should a ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1649348

46. Annual litter production in a Brazilian Cerrado woodland savanna

Author:
Alan N Costa; Alessandra Bartimachi; Heraldo L Vasconcelos; Emilio M Bruna; Ernane HM Vieira-Neto
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.1 pp. 65-69
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
biomass; cerrado; conservation areas; dry season; ecosystems; environmental quality; forests; habitats; landscapes; leaf abscission; leaves; plant litter; savannas; spatial variation; temporal variation; traps; vegetation gradient; woodlands; woody plants; Brazil
Abstract:
... The Brazilian Cerrado is a heterogeneous ecosystem where annual woody-layer litter production shows strong spatiotemporal variation. Although Cerrado litter dynamics have been well-documented in forest physiognomies, knowledge from savanna habitats remains limited despite their predominance across the landscape. In this study, the fine-woody litter production and their fractions were quantified th ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1686691

47. Applied disease screening and selection program for resistance to vascular wilt in Hawaiian Acacia koa

Author:
Nicklos S Dudley; Tyler C Jones; Robert L James; Richard A Sniezko; Phil Cannon; Dulal Borthakur
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 65-73
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia koa; Fusarium oxysporum; durability; field experimentation; forests; fungi; genetic resistance; germplasm; greenhouse experimentation; greenhouses; landowners; mortality; pathogens; reforestation; screening; seedlings; seeds; trees; vascular wilt; virulence; Hawaii
Abstract:
... Acacia koa is a valuable tree species economically, ecologically and culturally in Hawai'i. A vascular wilt disease of A. koa resulting from infection by the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. koae (FOXY) causes high rates of mortality in field plantings and threatens native A. koa forests in Hawai'i. Landowners are reluctant to consider A. koa for reforestation and restoration in many area ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1007263

48. Artificial light improves productivity of mini-cuttings in a clonal minigarden of Eucalyptus benthamii and E. dunnii

Author:
Enéas Ricardo Konzen; Natália Saudade de Aguiar; Marcio Carlos Navroski; Clenilso Sehnen Mota; Leticia Miranda; Regiane Abjaud Estopa; Erasmo Luis Tonett; Mariane de Oliveira Pereira
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.4 pp. 310-320
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus benthamii; blue light; canopy; cold; cold tolerance; leaves; solar radiation; Brazil
Abstract:
... Eucalypts are economically important worldwide, being largely propagated by clonal means, that is, frequently achieved by mini-cuttings. Regional climatic conditions, however, interfere with this strategy. Southern Brazil, especially in higher altitudes, has a considerable number of cloudy and cold days annually. It is a challenge for clonal propagation, even for cold-tolerant species such as Euca ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.2000326

49. Artificial neural networks and non-linear regression for quantifying the wood volume in Eucalyptus species

Author:
Tays Silva Batista; Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro; Gileno Brito de Azevedo; Glauce Taís de Oliveira Sousa Azevedo; Nerison Luis Poersch; Marcus Vinicius Vieira Borges; Paulo Eduardo Teodoro
Source:
Southern forests 2022 v.84 no.1 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Corymbia citriodora; Eucalyptus; data collection; experimental design; neural networks; regression analysis; sample size; topology; wood volume
Abstract:
... Wood volume is the variable that best represents the yield of planted forests, and several regression models are used in its estimation. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are recognised for their accuracy and generalisation capacity associated with the quality and quantity of data in training and validation. Box–Müller transformation generates random variables from the original data and provides a ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.1976604

50. Assessing alternatives for growth and yield modelling in eucalypt stands

Author:
Thaynara Reis; Simone Silva; Ivaldo Tavares Junior; Rodrigo Leite; Mariana Taquetti; Kemely Atanazio; Leonardo Fardin; Jovane Cruz; Helio Leite
Source:
Southern forests 2022 v.84 no.1 pp. 34-43
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; climate; data collection; models; site index; soil; stand management; statistics
Abstract:
... Growth and yield estimates are extremely important for forest stand management. The application of simple models is often useful, as it allows the use of plots with few or a single measurement. The objective of this study was to evaluate methods for modelling eucalypt stand volume under different conditions of climate and soil. We fitted the Gompertz, Logistic and Exponential models, stratifying b ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.2011468

51. Assessing the utility of ALOS PALSAR and SPOT 4 to predict timber volumes in even-aged Eucalyptus plantations located in Zululand, South Africa

Author:
Riyad Ismail; Horst Kassier; Morries Chauke; Francesco Holecz; Nico Hattingh
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.3 pp. 203-211
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; business enterprises; forests; models; planning; plantations; synthetic aperture radar; timber supply; South Africa
Abstract:
... In commercial forestry, regular terrestrial enumerations of the growing stock are required for the valuation, sustain-able management and planning of current and future timber supplies. In this study we examined whether the combination of synthetic aperture radar (ALOS PALSAR) and optical satellite (SPOT 4) image data can accurately predict the timber volume of even-aged Eucalyptus plantations loc ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.1001681

52. Assessing the utility of airborne laser scanning derived indicators for tropical forest management

Author:
Vitor Antunes Martins da Costa; Adeliton da Fonseca de Oliveira; Jhonathan Gomes dos Santos; Alex Augusto Abreu Bovo; Danilo Roberti Alves de Almeida; Eric Bastos Gorgens
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.4 pp. 352-358
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
aboveground biomass; administrative management; area; canopy gaps; forest management; forest stands; lidar; linear models; logging; monitoring; sustainable forestry; trees; tropical forests
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to evaluate four airborne laser scanning derived indicators for monitoring tropical forest stands at different stages of sustainable management practices. The traditional monitoring routines are inefficient and time consuming due to the limitation of optical sensors in detecting features below the canopy and to the large areas involved in forest management. Nine pro ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2020.1733757

53. Assessment of enrichment planting of teak (Tectona grandis) in degraded dry deciduous dipterocarp forest in the Central Highlands, Vietnam

Author:
Bao Huy; Pham Cong Tri; Tran Triet
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.1 pp. 75-84
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Dipterocarpaceae; Tectona grandis; altitude; flooded conditions; forests; industrial crops; logging; phosphorus pentoxide; planting; regression analysis; rubber; sand; soil types; survival rate; trees; wet season; Vietnam
Abstract:
... After years of unsustainable logging, dry deciduous dipterocarp forest (DDDF) has become poor in timber stocks and has been converted to industrial crops such as rubber. The objectives of this study were to assess teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) tree establishment under degraded DDDF conditions and to determine factors that influence the suitability of teak as a forest enrichment tree species. A set o ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1286560

54. Assessment of plant species composition and natural regeneration in abandoned settlements in the lower montane forest of Kilimanjaro National Park, Tanzania

Author:
Imani Abinery Kikoti; Cosmas Mligo; Henry Joseph Ndangalasi
Source:
Southern forests 2022 v.84 no.1 pp. 60-69
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Baccharoides lasiopus; analysis of variance; forestry development; indigenous species; land use; microclimate; montane forests; national parks; natural regeneration; people; soil fertility; species richness; trees; villages; Tanzania
Abstract:
... Anthropogenic modification of montane forests to other land uses has significant effects on native vegetation and the ecological functions of plant communities, such as in the forests of Mount Kilimanjaro. This study was carried out in Kilimanjaro National Park at the former Engushai forest village, where local people were relocated for conservation in 2006. Forty 20 × 50 m plots were established ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.2019563

55. Association of the pitch canker pathogen Fusarium circinatum with grass hosts in commercial pine production areas of South Africa

Author:
Cassandra L Swett; Bernice Porter; Gerda Fourie; Emma T Steenkamp; Thomas R Gordon; Michael J Wingfield
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 161-166
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Briza maxima; DNA; Ehrharta; Fusarium circinatum; Pinus; Pseudotsuga menziesii; disease occurrence; endophytes; forests; fungi; grasses; host range; hosts; inoculum; nucleotide sequences; pathogens; plantations; sanitation; virulence; California; South Africa
Abstract:
... The pitch canker pathogen, Fusarium circinatum , has major impacts on production in pine nurseries and plantations in South Africa. Thus far, efforts to reduce local spread have focused on rouging of infected pines and sanitation to eliminate local sources of inoculum. Although the host range of F. circinatum was thought to be limited to pines and Douglas-fir, recent studies in California indicate ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.916087

56. Australian acacias as invasive species: lessons to be learnt from regions with long planting histories

Author:
David M Richardson; Johannes J Le Roux; John RU Wilson
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 31-39
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia; Pinus; biological control; cost benefit analysis; cultivars; disturbed soils; ecosystems; forest industries; forests; humans; invasive species; monitoring; plantation forestry; planting; risk; trees; wattles; South Africa; South East Asia
Abstract:
... Problems associated with invasiveness of non-native tree species used in forestry are increasing rapidly worldwide and are most severe in areas with a long history of plantings. Lessons learnt in areas with long histories of plantings and invasions may be applicable to areas with shorter planting histories. Most research towards understanding such tree invasions has focused on Pinus species, thoug ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.999305

57. Biology of Litosermyle ocanae in Colombian Pinus patula plantations

Author:
Carlos A Rodas; Brett P Hurley; María D Bolaños; Ginna M Granados; Michael J Wingfield
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.3 pp. 279-284
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Chrysididae; Diapheromeridae; Pinus patula; defoliating insects; eggs; females; financial economics; forests; instars; males; natural enemies; parasitic wasps; plantations; population dynamics; sex ratio; Colombia
Abstract:
... Plantations of Pinus spp. in Colombia are severely damaged by various phasmid (Phasmatodea: Diapheromeridae) insects. Of these, Litosermyle ocanae is one of the most serious defoliators. Since 1988, several outbreaks have been recorded in Pinus patula plantations, resulting in substantial economic losses. The aim of this study was to determine the life cycle of Litosermyle ocanae in P. patula plan ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1334175

58. Biology, incidence and host susceptibility of Pineus boerneri (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) in Colombian pine plantations

Author:
Carlos A Rodas; Rubén Serna; Maria D Bolaños; Ginna M Granados; Michael J Wingfield; Brett P Hurley
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.3 pp. 165-171
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pineus; plantations; insect pests; introduced species; greenhouse experimentation; instars; Pinus kesiya; predators; surveys; trees; planting; predation; biological control; forests; Colombia
Abstract:
... Adelgids (Hemiptera) in the genus Pineus have been reported as introduced insect pests causing serious losses to Pinus plantations worldwide. In 2008, Pineus boerneri was recorded for the first time in Colombia, with infestations noted on Pinus kesiya , P. tecunumanii , P. maximinoi and P. oocarpa . The lack of information on this insect in Colombia prompted investigations of its life cycle and in ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.1001662

59. Biomass equations for selected drought-tolerant eucalypts in South Africa

Author:
Darius Phiri; Pierre Ackerman; Brand Wessels; Ben du Toit; Marie Johansson; Harald Säll; Sven-Olof Lundqvist; Thomas Seifert
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.4 pp. 255-262
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; allometry; bark; biomass; branches; branchwood; carbon sequestration; coasts; drought tolerance; equations; forests; leaves; models; stemwood; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... In the water-scarce environment of South Africa, drought-tolerant eucalypt species have the potential to contribute to the timber and biomass resource. Biomass functions are a necessary prerequisite to predict yield and carbon sequestration. In this study preliminary biomass models for Eucalyptus cladocalyx , E. gomphocephala and E. grandis · E. camaldulensis from the dry West Coast of South Afric ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1055542

60. Biomass harvesting in Eucalyptus plantations in Western Australia

Author:
M R Ghaffariyan; M Brown; M Acuna; J Sessions; M Kuehmaier; J Wiedemann
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.3-4 pp. 149-154
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; biomass production; energy; fellers; forests; harvesting; harvesting equipment; plantations; regression analysis; trucks; Western Australia
Abstract:
... Australia is at an early stage of exploring the use of forest biomass to generate energy. This study evaluated the biomass yield and the productivity rates of equipment for harvesting biomass in a poor-quality eucalypt plantation. The operation consisted of a tracked feller-buncher, grapple skidder and mobile chipper. Time study methods were used to measure the harvesting operation. A multiple reg ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.639491

61. Biomass production and carbon storage of Populus ×canadensis Guinier I-214 plantations grown at Pogradeci region in Albania

Author:
E Toromani; M Sanxhaku; M Sallaku; E Shaho
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.2 pp. 91-99
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Populus; analysis of variance; biomass production; carbon; carbon sequestration; equations; linear models; plantations; planting; tree and stand measurements; trees; water content; Albania
Abstract:
... Fast-growing plantations of Populus ×canadensis Moench (syn. P. ×euramericana (Dode) Guinier ex Piccarolo) clone I-214 have good potential for biomass production. The objective of the study was estimation of biomass using allometric equations and estimation of carbon allocation according to tree components. The study was carried out in five poplar stands (total area 16.9 ha) in the Pogradeci regio ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.610877

62. Biomass production and potential water stress increase with planting density in four highly productive clonal Eucalyptus genotypes

Author:
Rodrigo Hakamada; Robert M Hubbard; Silvio Ferraz; José Luiz Stape; Cristiane Lemos
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.3 pp. 251-257
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; biomass production; climate; climate change; clones; dry season; forest stands; forests; genotype; leaf water potential; plant density; planting; silvicultural practices; stand density; stemwood; trees; water stress; wet season; Brazil
Abstract:
... The choice of planting density and tree genotype are basic decisions when establishing a forest stand. Understanding the interaction between planting density and genotype, and their relationship with biomass production and potential water stress, is crucial as forest managers are faced with a changing climate. However, few studies have investigated this relationship, especially in areas with highl ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1256041

63. Breeding polyploid varieties of tropical acacias: progress and prospects

Author:
A Rod Griffin; Nghiem Quynh Chi; Jane L Harbard; Do Huu Son; Christopher E Harwood; Aina Price; Tran Duc Vuong; Anthony Koutoulis; Ha Huy Thinh
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 41-50
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia mangium; breeding; clones; diploidy; disease resistance; forests; growers; heterosis; heterozygosity; hybrids; reproductive performance; rooting; seeds; stress tolerance; tetraploidy; trees; triploidy; wind; wood fibers; Vietnam
Abstract:
... The paper reviews a decade of progress with breeding new polyploid varieties of Acacia mangium and other tropical acacias in Vietnam, and outlines plans for future strategies to complement conventional diploid breeding. Polyploid breeding is a means of introducing diversity into breeding populations, of making step-change improvements in wood fibre and other properties, and reducing reproductive o ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.999303

64. Can early thinning and pruning lessen the impact of pine plantations on beetle and ant diversity in the Patagonian steppe?

Author:
JC Corley; JM Villacide; M Vesterinen
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.3 pp. 195-202
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Coleoptera; Pinus; arid zones; canopy; grazing; habitats; insects; pitfall traps; plantations; pruning; sheep; species diversity; steppes; vegetation cover; Argentina
Abstract:
... Pine plantations are thought to negatively impact species diversity and to irreversibly modify arid zones. However, some studies have suggested that through the application of appropriate management practices, the negative impacts of plantations may be reduced. Our aim was to study the effects of early pruning and thinning on the ground-dwelling insects found in pine tree plantations in Patagonia. ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.722837

65. Cant sawing log positioning in a sawmill: searching for an optimal solution

Author:
CB Wessels; J de V du Plessis; NH Smit
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.1 pp. 15-22
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
algorithms; sawing; sawmills
Abstract:
... Automated three-dimensional log scanning and positioning systems in a sawmill have a limited time available to reach an optimal positioning solution before primary breakdown sawing starts. In this study a search algorithm (tentacle algorithm) was developed for this task and was empirically evaluated in terms of its ability to find an optimal or close-to-optimal positioning solution in a limited nu ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.576486

66. Carbon production from seasonal litterfall in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Author:
Greyce CB Maas; Carlos R Sanquetta; Renato Marques; Sebastião do A Machado; Mateus NI Sanquetta; Ana Paula D Corte; Iara M Barberena
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.2 pp. 128-134
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Araucaria; bark; carbon; climate change; ecosystems; greenhouses; inventories; plant litter; spring; summer; Brazil
Abstract:
... Forests play an important role in climate change, acting as a source or sink of carbon. There is, however, a lack of data regarding the carbon production from litterfall in tropical forests. The Atlantic Forest is one of the most distinguished forest types in Brazil, encompassing the Araucaria Forest. In this study, we assessed the seasonal carbon production from litterfall. Data were collected ev ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.1886575

67. Carbon stock in the community managed Sal (Shorea robusta) forests of Dadeldhura district, western Nepal

Author:
Suresh Prashad Bhatta; Anjana Devkota
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.1 pp. 47-55
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Shorea robusta; allometry; carbon; carbon sinks; climate change; community forestry; equations; rain forests; sampling; shrubs; trees; Nepal
Abstract:
... Four community-managed Sal forests in Dadeldhura district of Nepal were selected for the assessment of carbon stock. The stratified random sampling method was applied to measure the field data from 105 sample plots of 100 m². The carbon stock of trees and shrubs was estimated using Chave allometric equations for moist forests. The study found that the community forests stored carbon stock ranging ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1686690

68. Carbon stocks and productivity of mangrove forests in Tanzania

Author:
Marco A Njana; Eliakimu Zahabu; Rogers E Malimbwi
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.3 pp. 217-232
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Avicennia marina; Ceriops tagal; Rhizophora mucronata; anthropogenic activities; biomass production; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sinks; dead wood; death; deforestation; ecosystem services; greenhouse gas emissions; mangrove forests; plant cuttings; uncertainty; Southern Africa; Tanzania
Abstract:
... Mangroves offer a number of ecosystem goods and services, including carbon (C) storage. As a carbon pool, mangroves could be a source of CO₂ emissions as a result of human activities such as deforestation and forest degradation. Conversely, mangroves may act as a CO₂ sink through biomass accumulation. This study aimed to determine carbon stocks, harvest removals and productivity of mangrove forest ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1334314

69. Carbon stocks in a 50‑year‑old Eucalyptus camaldulensis stand in Sicily, Italy

Author:
Riccardo Scalenghe; Luisella Celi; Giovanna Costa; V Armando Laudicina; Stefania Santoni; Dario Vespertino; Tommaso La Mantia
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.4 pp. 263-267
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus camaldulensis; aboveground biomass; afforestation; belowground biomass; branches; carbon; carbon sinks; forests; leaves; planning; plantations; planting; roots; semiarid zones; soil; tropics; Italy; Sicily
Abstract:
... Eucalyptus stands in semi‑arid areas may contribute to enhance carbon (C) stocks in both biomass and soil. However, the limited information available is mainly focused on short‑rotation plantations. In this study, the above‑ and below‑ground C pools in five 50‑year‑old Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. stands planted on Miocenic evaporitic deposits in Sicily, Italy, with a xeric and thermic pedoclim ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1055541

70. Ceratocystis wilt on Eucalyptus: first record from South Africa

Author:
J Roux; MJ Wingfield; A Fourie; K Noeth; I Barnes
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.1 pp. 24-31
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Ceratocystis; DNA; Eucalyptus grandis; Eucalyptus urophylla; cambium; death; discoloration; forests; fungal diseases of plants; genes; hybrids; internal transcribed spacers; pathogenicity; plant pathogenic fungi; roots; sapwood; sequence analysis; stems; trees; vascular wilt; South Africa
Abstract:
... Wilt and death of an E. grandis × E. urophylla variety was recently observed in the Zululand region of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Symptoms on the dying trees included a streaking pattern of discolouration in the sapwood and cambium of stems and roots. A fungus resembling a Ceratocystis sp. was consistently found sporulating on diseased material and isolated from the symptomatic root and stem tis ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1686687

71. Changes in decomposition rate and litterfall in riparian zones with different basal area of exotic Eucalyptus in south-eastern Brazil

Author:
Glaucia Regina Santos; Marina Shinkai Gentil Otto; José Raimundo de Souza Passos; Felipe Ferreira Onofre; Valdemir Antônio Rodrigues; Felipe Rossetti de Paula; Silvio Frosini de Barros Ferraz
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.4 pp. 285-295
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; aquatic environment; botanical composition; collectors; ecological function; ecosystems; edge effects; indigenous species; introduced plants; leaves; lignin content; plant litter; riparian areas; riparian forests; species richness; surveys; Brazil
Abstract:
... Exotic species in riparian environments can influence the quantity and quality of litterfall in the ecological system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Eucalyptus leaves on litterfall and terrestrial and aquatic leaf decomposition in a riparian forest in São Paulo state, Brazil. Three riparian zones were evaluated, and they were designated as areas of low (L), medium (M ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1633503

72. Changes in forest cover and carbon stocks of the coastal scarp forests of the Wild Coast, South Africa

Author:
Kagiso Mangwale; Charlie M Shackleton; Ayanda Sigwela
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.4 pp. 305-315
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
harvesting; agricultural land; allometry; equations; land use; fuelwood; soil; aerial photography; carbon; carbon sinks; coasts; natural regeneration; biodiversity; biomass; stand basal area; forest damage; forests; South Africa
Abstract:
... Land-use intensification and declines in vegetative cover are considered pervasive threats to forests and biodiversity globally. The small extent and high biodiversity of indigenous forests in South Africa make them particularly important. Yet, relatively little is known about their rates of use and change. From analysis of past aerial photos we quantified rates of forest cover change in the Matiw ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1255480

73. Characterisation of eucalypt wood from trees with dieback for production of Kraft pulp

Author:
Ana Paula Câmara; Graziela Baptista Vidaurre; Suellen Rios Martins; João Gabriel Missia da Silva; Humberto Fantuzzi Neto; Jean Carlos Lopes de Oliveira; Amélia Guimarães Carvalho; José Cola Zanuncio; Leandro de Siqueira
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.2 pp. 112-117
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus grandis; Eucalyptus urophylla; abiotic stress; chemical composition; chemical elements; cooking quality; density; dieback; discs; forests; height; kraft pulp; physicochemical properties; plantations; tree and stand measurements; trees; viscosity; volume; wood; wood density; Brazil
Abstract:
... Dieback, resulting from abiotic stress, compromises the development of trees and the quality of wood. The objective of this work was to characterise the wood and cellulosic pulp produced from young eucalypt wood with dieback. Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla three-year-old trees from commercial plantations in the municipality of Estreito, Maranhão, Brazil were analysed. Height and diamete ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1652549

74. Characterising the diameter distribution of Sal plantations by comparing normal, lognormal and Weibull distributions at Tilagarh Eco-park, Bangladesh

Author:
Jiban Chandra Deb; Md Habibur Rahman Salman; Md Abdul Halim; Md Qumruzzaman Chowdhury; Anindita Roy
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.4 pp. 201-208
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Shorea robusta; forest stands; foresters; forests; models; plantations; prediction; probability; stand structure; timber management; trees; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... For many years foresters have been using statistical probability density functions to describe and characterise stand structure. Predicting the current and future yields of a stand is essential for successful stand and timber management. Implicit prediction of current yield is accomplished by using diameter distribution methods. All diameter distribution yield systems predict the number of trees p ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.947077

75. Charcoal heaps volume estimation based on unmanned aerial vehicles

Author:
Luiza Marina Esteves de Carvalho; Alessandra Melo; Glauco José de Matos Umbelino; Jan-Peter Mund; Jhonathan Gomes dos Santos; Jacqueline Rosette; Daniel Silveira; Eric Bastos Gorgens
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.4 pp. 303-309
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
accountability; charcoal; forestry; geometry; global positioning systems; governance; inventories; labor; ovens; surveys; topography; Brazil
Abstract:
... The charcoal stock in a forestry business is controlled based on the theoretical capacity of the masonry ovens (input) and shipped trucks (output). During the year, the company must monitor the stock for accountability reports and internal governance. This paper proposes a more efficient and precise survey method that overcomes the challenges of the common monitoring system in Brazil. In this stud ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.1997067

76. Chemical characteristics of woods from several Chilean native forest species and their relationship with nanomechanical cell properties

Author:
María Graciela Aguayo; William Gacitúa; Paulina Valenzuela; Regis Teixeira Mendonça; Pablo Reyes
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.4 pp. 293-300
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Aextoxicon; Drimys winteri; Fitzroya cupressoides; Laurelia; Laureliopsis philippiana; Libocedrus chilensis; Nothofagus alpina; Nothofagus dombeyi; carbohydrate content; cell walls; chemical analysis; forests; glucans; hardness; hemicellulose; lignin content; modulus of elasticity; physicochemical properties; Chile
Abstract:
... The objective of this research was to study the chemical and nanomechanical characteristics of native woods grown in southern Chile region. The species analysed were Drimys winteri, Laureliopsis philippiana, Aextoxicon puctatum, Nothofagus alpina, Nothofagus dombeyi, Laurelia sempervirens, Austrocedrus chilensis and Fitzroya cupressoides. The samples were collected from the regions of Biobío (37° ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1376269

77. Clonal propagation of Pterocarpus santalinoides L'Hér. ex DC.: the effect of substrate, cutting type, genotype and auxin

Author:
Catherine Ky-Dembele; Jules Bayala; Antoine Kalinganire; Fatoumata Tata Traoré; Bréhima Koné; Alain Olivier
Source:
Southern forests 2016 v.78 no.3 pp. 193-199
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pterocarpus; Sahel; cutting; forage; forests; genotype; indole butyric acid; pruning; rooting; roots; softwood; trees; vegetative propagation; Mali; South America
Abstract:
... Pterocarpus santalinoides is a multipurpose tree species, native to Africa and South America. However, excessive pruning for fodder is jeopardising its seed production leading to poor regeneration in the Sahel region. Efficient vegetative propagation techniques may overcome this concern. To address this issue, four experiments were conducted to determine the effects of substrate (Experiment 1), cu ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1150696

78. Coarse root–shoot allometry of Pinus radiata modified by site conditions in the Western Cape province of South Africa

Author:
H Pretzsch; P Biber; E Uhl; P Hense
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.4 pp. 237-246
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pinus pinaster; Pinus radiata; adults; allometry; carbon sequestration; dendrochronology; ecosystems; fine roots; forests; growth rings; models; mortality; root growth; shoots; water stress; South Africa
Abstract:
... The relationship between root and shoot growth and how it is modified by chronic or episodic drought stress is so far not well understood. Allometric partitioning theory (APT) supposes a constant root–shoot allometry. Optimal partitioning theory (OPT) assumes that plants’ root growth is enhanced under water limitation. However, recent studies show that fine and coarse roots react differently. This ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.741794

79. Communities’ perceptions of benefit-sharing mechanisms for forest-based land reform models in South Africa

Author:
Ratsodo Phillip Tshidzumba; Paxie W Chirwa; Folaranmi D Babalola
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.4 pp. 381-389
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
forestry; forests; households; income; infrastructure; issues and policy; land reform; livelihood; models; politics; sampling; South Africa
Abstract:
... One of the dominant challenges facing the South African forestry sector is the issue of land restitution. The aim of this study was, therefore, to assess the perception of beneficiaries of benefit-sharing modalities for forest-based land reform initiatives in their locality. A random sampling technique selected 140 and 175 households in Amabomvini and Cata communities in KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1463190

80. Comparing normal, lognormal and Weibull distributions for fitting diameter data from Akashmoni plantations in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh

Author:
I Kayes; JC Deb; P Comeau; S Das
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.3 pp. 175-181
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia auriculiformis; plantations; probability; stand structure; tree and stand measurements; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... Statistical probability density functions are widely used to model tree diameter distributions and to describe stand structure. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of normal, logarithmic-normal and three-parameter Weibull distributions for fitting diameter data from Akashmoni (Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.) plantations grown in the north-eastern region of Banglade ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.717409

81. Comparison of socio-economic and ecological benefits of bamboo and trees: the perspectives of local communities in south-western Ghana

Author:
Richard Osei; Michael Ansong; Stefan Zerbe
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.3 pp. 255-260
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
bamboos; biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; carbon sequestration; developing countries; erosion control; forests; furniture; harvesting; income; livelihood; oxygen; riverbank protection; socioeconomics; trees; tropics; Ghana
Abstract:
... Natural forests are disappearing in many tropical countries, resulting in loss of biodiversity and erosion of forest-dependent livelihoods. The maintenance and restoration of forests as well as a search for alternative natural resources that can concurrently improve the environment and enhance incomes of local communities has become crucial. Bamboo is suggested as a resource, which could substitut ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1581499

82. Comparison of soil properties under tropical Acacia hybrid plantation and shifting cultivation land use in northern Vietnam

Author:
Trieu Thai Hung; Richard Doyle; Alieta Eyles; Caroline Mohammed
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.1 pp. 9-18
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia auriculiformis; Acacia mangium; Acrisols; acidification; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; fallow; forests; hybrids; land use; nitrogen; pH; particle size distribution; plantations; planting; shifting cultivation; soil degradation; soil properties; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Despite the common use of Acacia species in Vietnam, few studies have examined changes to total soil nitrogen (TN) and total soil carbon (TC) following the planting of Acacia mangium × Acacia auriculiformis (Acacia hybrid) plantations (AH) on formerly eroded and degraded soils. We compared the impact of AH with adjacent fallow land within a shifting cultivation system (FSC) on various soil propert ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1225185

83. Comparison of the tolerance of Pinus patula seedlings and established trees to infection by Fusarium circinatum

Author:
R Glen Mitchell; Michael J Wingfield; Emma T Steenkamp; Jolanda Roux; Steven Verryn; Teresa A Coutinho
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 151-159
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus patula; clones; foresters; forests; greenhouse experimentation; greenhouses; open pollination; pathogens; screening; seedlings; seeds; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... Since the first appearance of Fusarium circinatum in South Africa in 1990, foresters have been challenged with poor field survival of Pinus patula seedlings at establishment. One of the best long-term solutions is to improve the genetic tolerance of P. patula to infection by the pathogen. Currently, large numbers of families are routinely screened for their tolerance to F. circinatum by infecting ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.899061

84. Comparison of wood, fibre and vessel properties of drought-tolerant eucalypts in South Africa

Author:
Sven-Olof Lundqvist; Thomas Grahn; Lars Olsson; Thomas Seifert
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.3 pp. 215-225
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus grandis; biomass; drought tolerance; dry environmental conditions; forest plantations; forests; genotype; hybrids; juvenility; small farms; stems; wood density; South Africa
Abstract:
... Three drought-tolerant eucalypt genotypes have been investigated for a broad spectrum of properties to provide a basis for comparison on their suitability for various end-uses. The genotypes included were a Eucalyptus grandis × E. camaldulensis hybrid, E. gomphocephala and E. cladocalyx , selected based on previous studies that indicated good potential to tolerate arid conditions, reasonably good ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1254910

85. Comparisons between laboratory and field results of frost tolerance of pines from the southern USA and Mesoamerica planted as exotics

Author:
GR Hodge; WS Dvorak; ME Tighe
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.1 pp. 7-17
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis; autumn; climatic factors; electrolytes; freezing; frost resistance; genetic variation; growth chambers; hybrids; introduced species; latitude; photoperiod; planting; progeny; seedlings; temperature; trees; Brazil; Central America; Mexico; South Africa; United States
Abstract:
... An artificial freezing study was conducted with 14 pine species and varieties from Mexico and Central America, and the southern and western USA. The pines chosen represented major commercial plantation species in the Southern Hemisphere such as Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis, P. taeda (multiple sources), P. patula and P. radiata, as well as promising species such as P. greggii, P. maximinoi and P ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.683637

86. Conceptual decision-making framework for the sustainable harvesting of forest and woodland species for medicinal tree bark in southern Africa

Author:
WJ Vermeulen; CJ Geldenhuys; KJ Esler; S Syampungani; G Meke
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.1 pp. 32-46
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
bark; decision making; forests; fungal diseases of plants; harvesting; insect pests; medicinal plants; plant pathogenic fungi; regrowth; traditional medicine; trees; wood; woodlands; Malawi; South Africa; Zambia
Abstract:
... Tree bark is widely used in traditional medicine in southern Africa. The growing demand for medicinal bark requires scientifically sound harvest systems for sustainable use. A conceptual framework and decision matrix are presented to aid forest managers in selecting the most appropriate system for the sustainable harvesting of particular species. The conceptual framework is based on the results of ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1686689

87. Confirmation of cytotype stability in autotetraploid black wattle (Acacia mearnsii) trees using flow cytometry and size differences of the reproductive gametes

Author:
Sascha L Beck-Pay
Source:
Southern forests 2013 v.75 no.1 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia mearnsii; bark; colchicine; crossing; diploidy; field experimentation; flow cytometry; forest industries; germ cells; leaves; ovules; progeny; seed set; seeds; soaking; tetraploidy; trees; triploidy; South Africa
Abstract:
... Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) is grown commercially in South Africa for its timber and bark. However, the invasive nature of the species has resulted in it being considered an alien invader and for this reason research has been aimed at producing a sterile triploid variety that would be highly desirable for the South African commercial forestry industry. Tetraploids were successfully induced by s ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2013.743763

88. Contribution of forest floor fractions to carbon storage and abundance patterns of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonisation in a tropical montane forest

Author:
V Jeyanny; MH Ahmad Husni; B Siva Kumar; K Wan Rasidah; WC Suhaimi
Source:
Southern forests 2016 v.78 no.4 pp. 315-319
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
carbon; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; forest litter; forest reserves; montane forests; mycorrhizal fungi; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Malaysia
Abstract:
... Forest floor carbon stocks, which include different components of litter, hemic and sapric materials, have not been empirically quantified in tropical montane forest, although they influence soil carbon (C) pools. To date, the contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizae in C sequestration potentials in tropical montane forests have not been clearly investigated. This study determined the amount of C st ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1225186

89. Cost-productivity analysis of South African pine sawtimber mechanised cut-to-length harvesting

Author:
Chloe Williams; Pierre Ackerman
Source:
Southern forests 2016 v.78 no.4 pp. 267-274
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pinus elliottii; energy use and consumption; equipment; forest industries; forests; harvesting; mechanization; models; plantations; regression analysis; sawlogs; tree and stand measurements; South Africa
Abstract:
... The South African forestry industry is experiencing an increase in the number of fully mechanised timber-harvesting systems. Understanding the productivity of these systems, for which data is currently limited for South Africa, is an important step to maximise the utilisation of machines being used. A time study of a mechanised cut-to-length system was conducted in Pinus elliottii sawtimber planta ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1183096

90. Critical water stress levels in Pinus patula seedlings and their relation to measures of seedling morphology

Author:
CA Rolando; NW Pammenter; KM Little
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.1 pp. 41-49
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pinus patula; environmental factors; mortality; plant available water; planting; root growth; roots; seedlings; shoots; soil air; stomatal conductance; stomatal movement; temperature; water potential; water stress
Abstract:
... A pot trial was implemented to determine the effect of soil water stress following transplanting on shoot water potential and stomatal conductance of Pinus patula seedlings. The relationship of seedling morphology to measures of water stress was also investigated. The trial consisted of two watering treatments: a control (no water stress) and a severe water stress (no further water after planting) ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.576481

91. Culture-independent detection and quantification of Fusarium circinatum in a pine-producing seedling nursery

Author:
Gerda Fourie; Michael J Wingfield; Brenda D Wingfield; Nicky B Jones; Andrew R Morris; Emma T Steenkamp
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 137-143
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; conidia; dieback; forests; fungicides; inoculum; insect control; mortality; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; root crown; sanitation; seedlings; shoots
Abstract:
... The primary symptoms associated with Fusarium circinatum infection in pine seedling nurseries are root and collar rot, shoot and tip die-back and seedling mortality. Management of this pathogen in nurseries usually involves the integration of various strategies relating to sanitation, insect control and fungicide treatment. The overall goal of this study was to use quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.899058

92. Current and potential threat of psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) on eucalypts

Author:
Privilege T Makunde; Bernard Slippers; Daniel Burckhardt; Dalva L de Queiroz; Simon A Lawson; Brett P Hurley
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.3 pp. 233-242
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; Psyllidae; climate change; forests; humans; international trade; pests; trees; Australia
Abstract:
... The introduction of Australian psyllids to non-native ranges across the globe is continually increasing. This is due to an increase in global trade and human movement, exacerbated by climate change. Several psyllids have been recorded as pests of eucalypts in the native range of these trees. With the current trend of eucalypt pest introductions, there is a concern that many more eucalypt-feeding p ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2020.1813650

93. Current status of technology-use for plantation re-establishment in South Africa

Author:
Muedanyi M Ramantswana; Michal P Brink; Keith M Little; Raffaele Spinelli; Paxie WC Chirwa
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.4 pp. 313-323
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
area; burning; business enterprises; chemical weed control; contractors; e-mail; environment; ergonomics; fertilizer application; forest engineering; forests; labor force; mechanization; pesticide application; planting; questionnaires; silviculture; site preparation; slash; statistics; surveys; wages and remuneration; South Africa
Abstract:
... Plantation re-establishment is a key component of silviculture as it deals with the creation of a suitable environment when planting or seeding a stand. Re-establishment practices include slash management, site preparation, marking and preparation of a planting position, planting, fertilisation and vegetation management. Over the past decade, there has been a shift towards mechanising re-establish ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2020.1733770

94. Debarking damage by alien Pallas’s squirrel, Callosciurus erythraeus, in Argentina and its effects on tree growth

Author:
Paula A Pedreira; Eduardo A Penon; Mariela Borgnia
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.2 pp. 118-124
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Callosciurus; Erythraeus; Eucalyptus dunnii; Pinus elliottii; Populus deltoides; age structure; bark; data collection; debarking; deformation; financial economics; forest ecosystems; forests; girdling; growth rings; markets; pest control; plantations; sampling; squirrels; tree and stand measurements; tree growth; tree height; trees; wood; wood industry; wood quality; wood volume loss; Argentina; Asia
Abstract:
... Introduced squirrels threaten forest ecosystems by debarking, resulting in economic losses to the timber industry and additional damage mitigation and pest control costs. The Pallas’s squirrel, also called the red-bellied squirrel. (Callosciurus erythraeus), originally from Asia, is the first squirrel species introduced to South America. In Argentina, C. erythraeus causes bark stripping damage in ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1654812

95. Decision-support tool for management of miombo woodlands: a matrix model approach

Author:
Wilson A Mugasha; Ole M Bollandsås; Terje Gobakken; Eliakimu Zahabu; Josiah Z Katani; Tron Eid
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.1 pp. 65-77
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
harvesting; decision support systems; planning; allometry; models; forestry development; timber production; charcoal; woodlands; biomass; stand basal area; mortality; prediction; forests; Tanzania
Abstract:
... Rational forest management planning requires information on the present forest state and on future development. However, forest management planning in Tanzania has often been done without any information on forest development because appropriate tools are lacking. This study presents a matrix model that combines distance-independent growth and mortality models, area-based recruitment models, and a ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1233776

96. Deforestation since independence: a quantitative assessment of four decades of land-cover change in Malawi

Author:
Rachel A Bone; Kate E Parks; Malcolm D Hudson; Mathews Tsirinzeni; Simon Willcock
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.4 pp. 269-275
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
cattle; correlation; deforestation; forests; hospitals; land cover; males; population density; population pressure; sex ratio; socioeconomic factors; tropics; Malawi
Abstract:
... Land cover has changed rapidly across the tropics over the past century; however, detailed historical information describing the extent and possible drivers of such change is widely lacking. Here, we constructed a history of land-cover change at the district level in Malawi over a 37-year period from 1972 to 2009, the immediate post-colonial phase. Overall, there was a loss of 12 760 km2 (36%) of ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1233777

97. Determining optimal primary sawing and ripping machine settings in the wood manufacturing chain

Author:
Berndt G Lindner; PJ Vlok; C Brand Wessels
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.3 pp. 191-201
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
algorithms; computer software; cost estimates; forests; lumber; manufacturing; markets; models; planning; production costs; raw materials; ripping; sawing; sawlogs; sawmills; trees
Abstract:
... for wood manufacturers around the world, the single biggest cost factor is known to be its raw material. Maximum volume recovery of this raw material is, therefore, of key importance for the industry. The wood products industry consists of several interrelated manufacturing steps for converting trees into logs and logs into finished lumber. Each operation usually optimises its functionality in iso ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.1001678

98. Determining the effect of tree size, bark-wood bond strength and tree form on the productivity of an excavator-based harvester in Acacia mearnsii in the KwaZulu-Natal forestry region of South Africa

Author:
M Ramantswana; A McEwan; J Pauw
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.3 pp. 151-157
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia mearnsii; harvesting; tree and stand measurements; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to determine the effect of tree size, bark-wood bond strength and tree form on the productivity of cut-to-length harvesting of Acacia mearnsii, using an excavator-based harvester with a SP Maskiner harvester head in the KwaZulu-Natal forestry region of South Africa. Tree diameter and height measurements were used to determine individual tree volumes, after which the trees ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.722823

99. Developing a satellite-based frost risk model for the Southern African commercial forestry landscape

Author:
Riyad Ismail; Jacob Crous; Giovanni Sale; Andrew Morris; Kabir Peerbhay
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.1 pp. 10-18
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
forestry; forests; frost; frost injury; landscapes; models; risk; satellites; spectrometers; tree growth; tree mortality; South Africa
Abstract:
... Frost is a sporadic meteorological event affecting the productivity of commercial forests in South Africa. Severe frost occurrences may cause irreversible damage to forest stands, slowing down tree growth or leading to tree mortality. Using the Moderate Imaging Spectrometer (spatial resolution: 1 km by 1 km, swath: 1 200 km by 1 200 km) night-time land surface temperatures between 2002 and 2011, t ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2020.1759304

100. Developing a taper model for the Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea var. hondurensis hybrid in South Africa

Author:
Madeleen Algera; Christoph Kätsch; Paxie W Chirwa
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.2 pp. 141-150
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis; Pinus elliottii; altitude; forests; hybrids; models; prediction; rain; sampling; soil; standard deviation; temperature; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... A relatively new hybrid, Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea var. hondurensis (Pexc), for which a taper model does not exist, is being planted commercially in South Africa. This study primarily focused on developing a taper model for Pexc in South Africa. Taper data were collected from a total of 363 trees, in the Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces, using a random sampling method. A subsample was selected ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1520027