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You searched for: Journal Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment Remove constraint Journal: Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment Publication Year 2018 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2018 Source 2018 v.32 no.2 Remove constraint Source: 2018 v.32 no.2
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1. A composite spatial predictor via local criteria under a misspecified model

Author:
Chen, Chun-Shu; Chen, Chao-Sheng
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 341-355
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
data collection; geostatistics; lakes; mercury; models; prediction; regression analysis; statistical inference; variance; Maine
Abstract:
... Spatial prediction and variable selection for the study area are both important issues in geostatistics. If spatially varying means exist among different subareas, globally fitting a spatial regression model for observations over the study area may be not suitable. To alleviate deviations from spatial model assumptions, this paper proposes a methodology to locally select variables for each subarea ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1438-4

2. Alternating Gaussian process modulated renewal processes for modeling threshold exceedances and durations

Author:
Schliep, ErinM.; Gelfand, AlanE.; Holland, DavidM.
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 401-417
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
Markov chain; covariance; models; monitoring; ozone; United States
Abstract:
... It is often of interest to model the incidence and duration of threshold exceedance events for an environmental variable over a set of monitoring locations. Such data arrive over continuous time and can be considered as observations of a two-state process yielding, sequentially, a length of time in the below threshold state followed by a length of time in the above threshold state, then returning ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1417-9

3. A model-based site selection approach associated with regional frequency analysis for modeling extreme rainfall depths in Minas Gerais state, Southeast Brazil

Author:
Assis, L.C.; Calijuri, M.L.; Silva, D.D.; Rocha, E.O.; Fernandes, A.L. T.; Silva, F.F.
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 469-484
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
Bayesian theory; cluster analysis; data collection; engineering; meteorological data; model validation; models; rain; rain gauges; time series analysis; water management; Brazil
Abstract:
... Extreme rainfall data are usually scarce due to the low frequency of these events. However, prior knowledge of the precipitation depth and return period of a design event is crucial to water resource management and engineering. This study presents a model-based selection approach associated with regional frequency analysis to examine the lack of maximum daily rainfall data in Brazil. A generalized ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1481-1

4. Analysis of temporal variation and scaling of hydrological variables based on a numerical model of the Sagehen Creek watershed

Author:
Yang, Chen; Zhang, You-Kuan; Liang, Xiuyu
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 357-368
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
autocorrelation; base flow; evapotranspiration; filters; hydrologic models; mathematical models; mountains; rivers; soil water; spectral analysis; streams; temporal variation; water table; watersheds
Abstract:
... Temporal variations of the main hydrological variables over 16 years were systematically investigated based on the results from an integrated hydrological modeling at the Sagehen Creek watershed in northern Sierra Nevada. Temporal scaling of these variables and damping effects of the hydrological system as well as its subsystems, i.e., the land surface, unsaturated zone, and saturated zone, were a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1421-0

5. A simple two-step method for spatio-temporal design-based balanced sampling

Author:
Khavarzadeh, Ramin; Mohammadzadeh, Mohsen; Mateu, Jorge
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 457-468
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
prediction; space and time; temperature; Europe
Abstract:
... We introduce a two-step method to perform spatio-temporal balanced sampling in a design-based approach. For populations with spatio-temporal trends and with anisotropic effects in the variable of interest, the prediction can be further improved by selecting samples that are well spread over the entire population in space and time. We control the spread of the sample over the population by using th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1409-9

6. Assessment of the Kraków inhabitants’ health risk caused by the exposure to inhalation of outdoor air contaminants

Author:
Gruszecka-Kosowska, Agnieszka
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 485-499
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
adults; air; air pollution; air quality; arsenic; breathing; cadmium; children; infants; lead; men; monitoring; nickel; nitrogen dioxide; particulates; risk; women; Poland
Abstract:
... Health risk associated with the exposure to the polluted atmospheric air inhalation was estimated for the residents of Kraków, Poland. The air pollution concentration data were obtained from the air-quality monitoring system of the city in 2007–2016. The carcinogenic risk of the studied subpopulations was not acceptable under the formula of C₆H₆ > BaP > As(PM10) > Cd(PM10) > Pb(PM10) > Ni(PM10). T ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-016-1366-8

7. A stochastic multivariate framework for modeling movement of discrete sediment particles in open channel flows

Author:
Oh, Jungsun; Tsai, ChristinaW.
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 385-399
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
differential equation; models; multivariate analysis; sediment transport; sediments; suspended sediment; turbulent flow; variance
Abstract:
... A stochastic multivariate framework was utilized to characterize the random properties associated with discrete sediment particle movement in an open channel flow. Difficulties in modeling sediment transport with a high degree of accuracy are mainly attributed to the complexity associated with flow randomness and interactions between the flow and sediment particles. In particular, flow turbulence ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1410-3

8. Comparative investigation on the decreased runoff between the water source and destination regions in the middle route of China’s South-to-North Water Diversion Project

Author:
Liang, Kang
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 369-384
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
basins; climatic factors; evapotranspiration; humans; risk reduction; runoff; water management; water supply; watersheds; China
Abstract:
... Investigation on decreased runoff and driving forces in the water source and water destination catchments is vital to the water resources protection and water supply security assurance. Danjiangkou Reservoir Basin (DRB) and Miyun Reservoir Basin (MRB) are the water source and water destination regions for the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project (MSNWDP) in China. Variations in r ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1454-4

9. Derivation of different suspension equations in sediment-laden flow from Shannon entropy

Author:
Kundu, Snehasis
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 563-576
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
cumulative distribution; entropy; equations; models; probability distribution; suspended sediment
Abstract:
... In this study the well-known Rouse equation and Barenblatt equation for suspension concentration distribution in a sediment-laden flow is derived using Shannon entropy. Considering dimensionless suspended sediment concentration as a random variable and using principle of maximum entropy, probability density function of suspension concentration is obtained. A new and general cumulative distribution ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1455-3

10. Hybrid denoising-jittering data pre-processing approach to enhance multi-step-ahead rainfall–runoff modeling

Author:
Nourani, Vahid; Partoviyan, Afshin
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 545-562
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
data collection; engineering; fuzzy logic; hydrologic data; hydrologic models; neural networks; regression analysis; rivers; runoff; time series analysis; watersheds; Iran; United States
Abstract:
... Successful modeling of stochastic hydro-environmental processes widely relies on quantity and quality of accessible data and noisy data might effect on the functioning of the modeling. On the other hand in training phase of any Artificial Intelligence based model, each training data set is usually a limited sample of possible patterns of the process and hence, might not show the behavior of whole ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1400-5

11. Hydraulic diffusivity in a coastal aquifer: spectral analysis of groundwater level in responses to marine system

Author:
Shih, DavidChing-Fang
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 311-320
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
aquifers; diffusivity; groundwater; spectral analysis; water table
Abstract:
... The hydraulic diffusivity gives a measure of diffusion speed of pressure disturbances in groundwater system; large values of hydraulic diffusivity lead to fast propagation of signals in aquifer. This research provides a novel design and derives spectral representation to determine hydraulic diffusivity using spectral analysis of groundwater levels coupled with time-dependent boundary adjacent to m ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1420-1

12. Intentional contamination of water distribution networks: developing indicators for sensitivity and vulnerability assessments

Author:
Nafi, Amir; Crastes, Eric; Sadiq, Rehan; Gilbert, Denis; Piller, Olivier
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 527-544
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
case studies; decision making; early warning systems; infrastructure; risk assessment; water distribution; water pollution; water supply; water utilization
Abstract:
... Performing a comprehensive risk analysis is primordial to ensure a reliable and sustainable water supply. Though the general framework of risk analysis is well established, specific adaptation seems needed for systems such as water distribution networks (WDN). Understanding of vulnerabilities of WDN against deliberate contamination and consumers’ sensitivity against contaminated water use is very ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1415-y

13. Quantifying differences between reservoir inflows and dam site floods using frequency and risk analysis methods

Author:
Zhong, Yixuan; Guo, Shenglian; Liu, Zhangjun; Wang, Yun; Yin, Jiabo
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 419-433
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
case studies; flood control; floods; models; risk; risk analysis; China
Abstract:
... Reservoirs are the most important constructions for water resources management and flood control. Great concern has been paid to the effects of reservoir on downstream area and the differences between inflows and dam site floods due to the changes of upstream flow generation and concentration conditions after reservoir’s impoundment. These differences result in inconsistency between inflow quantil ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1401-4

14. Resources and environmental systems management under synchronic interval uncertainties

Author:
Cheng, Guanhui; Huang, Guohe; Dong, Cong; Lv, Ying; Zhang, Junlong; Yao, Yao; Chen, Xiujuan
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 435-456
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
disasters; geometry; linear programming; models; profits and margins; resource allocation; risk; risk management; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Resources and environmental systems management (RESM) is challenged by the synchronic effects of interval uncertainties in the related practices. The synchronic interval uncertainties are misrepresented as random variables, fuzzy sets, or interval numbers in conventional RESM programming techniques including stochastic programming. This may lead to ineffectiveness of resources allocation, high cos ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1445-5

15. Simulating rainfall time-series: how to account for statistical variability at multiple scales?

Author:
Oriani, Fabio; Mehrotra, Raj; Mariethoz, Grégoire; Straubhaar, Julien; Sharma, Ashish; Renard, Philippe
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 321-340
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
Markov chain; algorithms; data collection; meteorological data; probability distribution; rain; rainfall simulation; seasonal variation; simulation models; time series analysis
Abstract:
... Daily rainfall is a complex signal exhibiting alternation of dry and wet states, seasonal fluctuations and an irregular behavior at multiple scales that cannot be preserved by stationary stochastic simulation models. In this paper, we try to investigate some of the strategies devoted to preserve these features by comparing two recent algorithms for stochastic rainfall simulation: the first one is ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1414-z

16. Space time evolution of sand bed topography and associated flow turbulence: experiments with statistical analysis

Author:
Sarkar, K.; Mazumder, B.S.
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2018 v.32 no.2 pp. 501-525
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
acoustics; coevolution; probability distribution; sand; shear stress; spectral analysis; topography; turbulent flow; ultrasonics; wavelet
Abstract:
... A series of flume experiments were conducted with varying the flow discharges at the Fluvial Mechanics Laboratory of Indian Statistical Institute (Kolkata) to understand the co-evolution patterns of generating bed forms and the corresponding flow turbulence. Instantaneous bed elevations and velocity components were recorded continuously for sufficient time using high resolution instruments, such a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-017-1439-3