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1. A review of measurements of air-surface exchange of reactive nitrogen in natural ecosystems across North America

Author:
Walker, John T.; Beachley, Gregory; Zhang, Leiming; Benedict, Katherine B.; Sive, Barkley C.; Schwede, Donna B.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.698 pp. 133975
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
ammonia; atmospheric chemistry; biosphere; canopy; coasts; dry deposition; ecological communities; forest ecosystems; geographical variation; models; nitrates; nitrogen; nitrogen dioxide; nitrous acid; oxidation; Canada; United States
Abstract:
... This review summarizes the state of the science of measurements of dry deposition of reactive nitrogen (Nr) compounds in North America, beginning with current understanding of the importance of dry deposition at the U.S. continental scale followed by a review of micrometeorological flux measurement methods. Measurements of Nr air-surface exchange in natural ecosystems of North America are then sum ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133975
PubMed:
31499348
PubMed Central:
PMC7032654

2. A comparison of blood and toenails as biomarkers of children’s exposure to lead and their correlation with cognitive function

Author:
Dantzer, Julianna; Ryan, Patrick; Yolton, Kimberly; Parsons, Patrick J.; Palmer, Christopher D.; Cecil, Kim; Unrine, Jason M.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.700 pp. 134519
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
atomic absorption spectrometry; biomarkers; blood; blood sampling; body mass index; caregivers; children; cognition; lead
Abstract:
... This study sought to compare lead (Pb) concentrations in toenails and blood and to investigate the association of each biomarker with children’s cognitive function. Toenails and whole blood samples were collected from 224 twelve-year-old children, and their full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–4th edition. Inductively coupled plasm ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134519
PubMed:
31698272
PubMed Central:
PMC6939637

3. The complex associations of climate variability with seasonal influenza A and B virus transmission in subtropical Shanghai, China

Author:
Zhang, Yuzhou; Ye, Chuchu; Yu, Jianxing; Zhu, Weiping; Wang, Yuanping; Li, Zhongjie; Xu, Zhiwei; Cheng, Jian; Wang, Ning; Hao, Lipeng; Hu, Wenbiao
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.701 pp. 134607
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Influenza A virus; Influenza B virus; climatic factors; confidence interval; influenza; linear models; meteorological data; nonlinear models; prediction; regression analysis; relative humidity; relative risk; subtropics; temperate zones; temperature; virus transmission; viruses; wind speed; China
Abstract:
... Most previous studies focused on the association between climate variables and seasonal influenza activity in tropical or temperate zones, little is known about the associations in different influenza types in subtropical China. The study aimed to explore the associations of multiple climate variables with influenza A (Flu-A) and B virus (Flu-B) transmissions in Shanghai, China. Weekly influenza v ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134607
PubMed:
31710904
PubMed Central:
PMC7112088

4. An exploratory analysis of urinary organophosphate ester metabolites and oxidative stress among pregnant women in Puerto Rico

Author:
Ingle, Mary E.; Watkins, Deborah; Rosario, Zaira; VélezVega, Carmen M.; Calafat, Antonia M.; Ospina, Maria; Ferguson, Kelly K.; Cordero, José F; Alshawabkeh, Akram; Meeker, John D.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.703 pp. 134798
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
biomarkers; body mass index; esters; flame retardants; metabolites; models; organophosphorus compounds; oxidative stress; phosphates; plasticizers; pre-eclampsia; pregnancy; pregnant women; premature birth; reactive oxygen species; specific gravity; urine; Puerto Rico
Abstract:
... Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are used as flame retardants and plasticizers. Oxidative stress, the imbalance of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants, measured prenatally has been associated with adverse birth outcomes including preeclampsia and preterm birth. We are the first study to investigate the relationship between OPEs and oxidative stress among pregnant women.Pregnant women 18–40 yrs. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134798
PubMed:
31726298
PubMed Central:
PMC6954949

5. Field testing of a household-scale onsite blackwater treatment system in South Africa

Author:
Sahondo, Tapuwa; Hennessy, Sarah; Sindall, Rebecca C.; Chaudhari, Hitendra; Teleski, Stephanie; Lynch, Brendon J.; Sellgren, Katelyn L.; Stoner, Brian R.; Grego, Sonia; Hawkins, Brian T.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.703 pp. 135469
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Escherichia coli; activated carbon; chemical oxygen demand; chlorine; cobalt; coliform bacteria; color; cost effectiveness; disinfection; electrochemistry; excreta; filtration; liquids; monitoring; oxidation; pathogens; pollution control; prototypes; sanitation; sewer systems; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; total suspended solids; trucks; turbidity; wastewater; water quality; women; South Africa
Abstract:
... Innovations that enable cost-effective and resource-conserving treatment of human waste are required for the 4.2 billion people in the world who currently lack safe and reliable sanitation services. Onsite treatment and reuse of blackwater is one strategy towards this end, greatly reducing the need to transport wastewater over long distances either via sewers or trucks. Here, we report on the fiel ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135469
PubMed:
31732183
PubMed Central:
PMC6947494

6. Selenium tolerance, accumulation, localization and speciation in a Cardamine hyperaccumulator and a non-hyperaccumulator

Author:
Both, Eszter Borbála; Stonehouse, Gavin C.; Lima, Leonardo Warzea; Fakra, Sirine C.; Aguirre, Bernadette; Wangeline, Ami L.; Xiang, Jiqian; Yin, Hongqing; Jókai, Zsuzsa; Soós, Áron; Dernovics, Mihály; Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth A.H.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.703 pp. 135041
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Cardamine; hyperaccumulators; plant extracts; seedlings; selenates; selenium
Abstract:
... Cardamine violifolia (family Brassicaceae) is the first discovered selenium hyperaccumulator from the genus Cardamine with unique properties in terms of selenium accumulation, i.e., high abundance of selenolanthionine. In our study, a fully comprehensive experiment was conducted with the comparison of a non-hyperaccumulator Cardamine species, Cardamine pratensis, covering growth characteristics, c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135041
PubMed:
31767332
PubMed Central:
PMC7060786

7. Is food type important for in vitro post ingestion bioaccessibility models of polychlorinated biphenyls sorbed to soil?

Author:
Starr, James M.; Li, Weiwei; Graham, Stephen E.; Shen, Haitao; Waldron, Faith
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.704 pp. 135421
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
bile; bioavailability; bovine serum albumin; children; digestive tract; exposure pathways; fat intake; foods; glucose; health effects assessments; models; mucins; oleic acid; pancreatin; polychlorinated biphenyls; salts; soil; soil organic carbon; solid phase microextraction; sorbents; sorption
Abstract:
... Soils are sorbents for many organic compounds and children consume relatively large amounts of soil. To improve the estimated health risks from this exposure pathway, we examined the role of co-ingested foods in determining the post-ingestion bioaccessibility (mobilization) of 18 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) sorbed to 10 characterized soils.The bioaccessibility test system (DIN 19738, 2004) wa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135421
PubMed:
31806324
PubMed Central:
PMC7051099

8. Secondhand smoke exposure in public and private high-rise multiunit housing serving low-income residents in New York City prior to federal smoking ban in public housing, 2018

Author:
Anastasiou, Elle; Feinberg, Alexis; Tovar, Albert; Gill, Emily; Ruzmyn Vilcassim, M.J.; Wyka, Katarzyna; Gordon, Terry; Rule, Ana M.; Kaplan, Sue; Elbel, Brian; Shelley, Donna; Thorpe, Lorna E.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.704 pp. 135322
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
air; buildings; death; filters; floors; households; indoor air pollution; inhalation exposure; issues and policy; low income households; monitoring; nicotine; particulates; private sector; public housing; second hand smoke; smoking (habit); subsidies; surveys; telephones; tobacco; urban development; New York
Abstract:
... Tobacco remains the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, with 41,000 deaths attributable to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. On July 30, 2018, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development passed a rule requiring public housing authorities to implement smoke-free housing (SFH) policies.Prior to SFH policy implementation, we measured self-reported and objective SHS incurs ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135322
PubMed:
31787288
PubMed Central:
PMC6939143

9. Transformation of 1,1,1,3,8,10,10,10-octachlorodecane in air phase increased by phytogenic volatile organic compounds of pumpkin seedlings

Author:
Li, Yanlin; Chen, Weifang; Kong, Wenqian; Liu, Jiyan; Schnoor, Jerald L.; Jiang, Guibin
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.704 pp. 135455
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Cucurbita maxima; Cucurbita moschata; air; alkanes; carbon; chlorine; dechlorination; emissions; glass; hybrids; lighting; persistent organic pollutants; pumpkins; seedlings; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are widely distributed persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Airborne chlorodecanes were hypothesized to be transformed by reactive phytogenic volatile organic compounds (PVOCs) in our previous work. To test this hypothesis, PVOCs of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima x C. moschata) were collected and reacted with 1,1,1,3,8,10,10,10-octachlorodecane in the air phas ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135455
PubMed:
31791777
PubMed Central:
PMC7029796

10. Configuration and rapid start-up of a novel combined microbial electrolytic process treating fecal sewage

Author:
Liu, Hongbo; Lv, Yicheng; Xu, Suyun; Chen, Zhongbing; Lichtfouse, Eric
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.705 pp. 135986
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
carbon; chemical oxygen demand; developing countries; electric potential difference; feces; hydrogen production; microbial fuel cells; nitrogen; recycling; sewage; urine
Abstract:
... Most of the developing countries are in need of sanitary toilets due to insufficient supporting facilities and proven technology mainly on disposal of fecal sewage. A microbial fuel cell (MFC)-microbial electrolytic cell (MEC) coupling with an anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR) was used to realize simultaneous removal of nitrogen and carbon in fecal sewage and complete energy recycling. Configuration ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135986
PubMed:
31841910
PubMed Central:
PMC6995997

11. Isomer-selective biodegradation of high-molecular-weight azaarenes in PAH-contaminated environmental samples

Author:
Vila, Joaquim; Tian, Zhenyu; Wang, Hanyan; Bodnar, Wanda; Aitken, Michael D.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.707 pp. 135503
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
biodegradability; biodegradation; bioremediation; heterocyclic nitrogen compounds; isomers; ketones; mass spectrometry; methylation; microbial communities; microbial enzymes; moieties; nitrogen; oxidation; polluted soils; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; weathering
Abstract:
... Polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles, or azaarenes, normally co-occur with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated soils. We recently reported that nontarget analysis using high resolution mass spectrometry of samples from four PAH-contaminated sites revealed a previously unrecognized diversity and abundance of azaarene isomers and their methylated derivatives. Here we evaluat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135503
PubMed:
31780161
PubMed Central:
PMC6981052

12. The assessment and remediation of mercury contaminated sites: A review of current approaches

Author:
Eckley, Chris S.; Gilmour, Cynthia C.; Janssen, Sarah; Luxton, Todd P.; Randall, Paul M.; Whalin, Lindsay; Austin, Carrie
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.707 pp. 136031
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; air; bioavailability; films (materials); food webs; iron; isotope fractionation; landscapes; mercury; methylation; methylmercury compounds; organic carbon; remediation; samplers; sediments; stable isotopes; sulfates; surface water
Abstract:
... Remediation of mercury (Hg) contaminated sites has long relied on traditional approaches, such as removal and containment/capping. Here we review contemporary practices in the assessment and remediation of industrial-scale Hg contaminated sites and discuss recent advances. Significant improvements have been made in site assessment, including the use of XRF to rapidly identify the spatial extent of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136031
PubMed:
31869604
PubMed Central:
PMC6980986

13. Transformation of tetrachloroethylene in a flow-through electrochemical reactor

Author:
Hyldegaard, Bente H.; Ottosen, Lisbeth M.; Alshawabkeh, Akram N.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.707 pp. 135566
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
anodes; byproducts; catalysts; cathodes; drinking water; electrochemistry; groundwater; oxidation; palladium; tetrachloroethylene; trichloroethylene
Abstract:
... Electrochemical transformation of harmful tetrachloroethylene (PCE) is evaluated as a method for management of groundwater plumes to protect the drinking water resource, its consumers and the environment. In contrast to previous work that reported transformation of trichloroethylene, a byproduct of PCE, this work focuses on transformation of PCE in a saturated porous matrix and the influence of de ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135566
PubMed:
31767295
PubMed Central:
PMC6980996

14. Interactions between chemicals and non-chemical stressors: The modifying effect of life events on the association between triclocarban, phenols and parabens with gestational length in a Puerto Rican cohort

Author:
Aker, Amira; McConnell, Rafael E. Rios; Loch-Caruso, Rita; Park, Sung Kyun; Mukherjee, Bhramar; Rosario, Zaira Y.; Vélez-Vega, Carmen M.; Huerta-Montanez, Gredia; Alshawabkeh, Akram N.; Cordero, José F.; Meeker, John D.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.708 pp. 134719
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
additives; biomarkers; bisphenol A; bisphenol S; cohort studies; life events; maternal exposure; methylparaben; pregnancy; pregnancy complications; products and commodities; psychological stress; psychosocial factors; regression analysis; women
Abstract:
... Phenols and parabens are common additives to consumer products. There is evidence of adverse birth outcomes in association with prenatal exposure to these chemicals, in addition to psychosocial factors. We previously reported an increase in gestational length with bisphenol-A, methylparaben and propylparaben, and a decrease in gestational length with triclocarban. Objectives: We examined the modif ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134719
PubMed:
31785910
PubMed Central:
PMC6957748

15. Child feces management practices and fecal contamination: A cross-sectional study in rural Odisha, India

Author:
Bauza, Valerie; Majorin, Fiona; Routray, Parimita; Sclar, Gloria D.; Caruso, Bethany A.; Clasen, Thomas
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.709 pp. 136169
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Escherichia coli; caregivers; children; cleaning; cross-sectional studies; defecation; feces; floors; hand washing; hands; hay; household surveys; households; paper; pathogens; scoops; straw; India
Abstract:
... Safe child feces management (CFM) is likely critical for reducing exposure to fecal pathogens in and around the home, but the effectiveness of different CFM practices in reducing fecal contamination is not well understood. We conducted a cross-sectional study of households with children <6 years in rural Odisha, India, using household surveys (188 households), environmental sample analysis (373 sa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136169
PubMed:
31905545
PubMed Central:
PMC7031693

16. The regulation mechanism of lncRNAs and mRNAs in sea cucumbers under global climate changes: Defense against thermal and hypoxic stresses

Author:
Huo, Da; Sun, Lina; Storey, Kenneth B.; Zhang, Libin; Liu, Shilin; Sun, Jingchun; Yang, Hongsheng
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.709 pp. 136045
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Apostichopus japonicus; aquatic environment; aquatic organisms; binding sites; bioluminescence assay; cell cycle; energy metabolism; enzymes; gene expression regulation; genes; global warming; hypoxia; hypoxia-inducible factor 1; immunity; messenger RNA; microRNA; non-coding RNA; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; stress response
Abstract:
... The aquatic environment can be greatly impacted by thermal and hypoxic stresses, particularly caused by intensified global warming. Hence, there is an urgency to understand the response mechanisms of marine organisms to adverse environment. Although long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many biological processes, their roles in stress responses still remain unclear. Here, differentially e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136045
PubMed:
31905562
PubMed Central:
PMC7144348

17. Health effects of arsenic exposure in Latin America: An overview of the past eight years of research

Author:
Khan, Khalid M.; Chakraborty, Rishika; Bundschuh, Jochen; Bhattacharya, Prosun; Parvez, Faruque
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.710 pp. 136071
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
DNA damage; anemia; apoptosis; arsenic; at-risk population; biomarkers; bladder; breasts; childhood; children; cognition; drinking water; genes; genetic variation; genotoxicity; gestational age; health effects assessments; kidneys; laryngeal neoplasms; low birth weight; lung neoplasms; methyltransferases; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; protein synthesis; risk assessment; risk factors; systematic review; urinary bladder neoplasms; Argentina; Bolivia; Brazil; Chile; Colombia; Ecuador; Latin America; Mexico; Uruguay
Abstract:
... Studies conducted over the past eight years in Latin America (LA) have continued to produce new knowledge regarding health impacts of arsenic (As) in drinking water. We conducted a systematic review of 92 peer-reviewed English articles published between 2011 and 2018 to expand our understanding on these health effects. Majority of the LA studies on As have been conducted in Chile and Mexico. Addit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136071
PubMed:
31918184
PubMed Central:
PMC7063974

18. Human health risks due to airborne polychlorinated biphenyls are highest in New Bedford Harbor communities living closest to the harbor

Author:
Heiger-Bernays, Wendy J.; Tomsho, Kathryn Scott; Basra, Komal; Petropoulos, Zoe E.; Crawford, Kathryn; Martinez, Andres; Hornbuckle, Keri C.; Scammell, Madeleine K.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.710 pp. 135576
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
air; air pollution; health effects assessments; human health; humans; models; neoplasms; people; polychlorinated biphenyls; risk; risk assessment; thyroid hormones; toxicology; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... In response to concerns raised by communities surrounding the New Bedford Harbor Superfund site, we completed a field and modeling study that concluded the harbor is the primary source of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in air around the harbor. The follow-up question from residents was whether the PCBs measured in air pose a risk to their health. The US Environmental Protection Agency focuses th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135576
PubMed:
31785914
PubMed Central:
PMC7015809

19. Ranking hazards pertaining to human health concerns from land application of anaerobic digestate

Author:
Richards, Karl; Nag, Rajat; Whyte, Paul; Markey, Bryan K.; O'Flaherty, Vincent; Bolton, Declan; Fenton, Owen; Richards, Karl G.; Cummins, Enda
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.710 pp. 136297
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Campylobacter coli; Clostridium; Cryptosporidium parvum; Listeria monocytogenes; Mycobacterium; Norovirus; Salmonella Typhi; Streptococcus pyogenes; anaerobic digestion; animal manures; enteropathogenic Escherichia coli; feedstocks; food waste; grasses; heat inactivation; human health; land application; methane; mortality; pasteurization; pathogens; renewable energy sources; screening; slurries; Ireland
Abstract:
... Anaerobic digestion (AD) has been identified as one of the cleanest producers of green energy. AD typically uses organic materials as feedstock and, through a series of biological processes, produces methane. Farmyard manure and slurry (FYM&S) are important AD feedstock and are typically mixed with agricultural waste, grass and/or food wastes. The feedstock may contain many different pathogens whi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136297
PubMed:
32050363
PubMed Central:
PMC7126561

20. Classifying grass-dominated habitats from remotely sensed data: The influence of spectral resolution, acquisition time and the vegetation classification system on accuracy and thematic resolution

Author:
Bradter, Ute; O'Connell, Jerome; Kunin, William E.; Boffey, Caroline W.H.; Ellis, Richard J.; Benton, Tim G.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.711 pp. 134584
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
dominant species; habitat conservation; habitats; planning; remote sensing; spectral analysis; vegetation; vegetation maps; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Detailed maps of vegetation facilitate spatial conservation planning. Such information can be difficult to map from remotely sensed data with the detail (thematic resolution) required for ecological applications.For grass-dominated habitats in the South-East of the UK, it was evaluated which of the following choices improved classification accuracies at various thematic resolutions: 1) Hyperspectr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134584
PubMed:
31818561
PubMed Central:
PMC7014585