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You searched for: Journal The Science of the total environment Remove constraint Journal: The Science of the total environment Publication Year 2013 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2013 Source 2013 v.449 Remove constraint Source: 2013 v.449
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1. Acute exposure of water soluble fractions of marine diesel on Arctic Calanus glacialis and boreal Calanus finmarchicus: Effects on survival and biomarker response

Author:
Hansen, Bjørn Henrik; Altin, Dag; Øverjordet, Ida Beathe; Jager, Tjalling; Nordtug, Trond
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 276-284
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Copepoda; acute effects; acute exposure; acute toxicity; biomarkers; gene expression; genes; glutathione transferase; lipid content; oils; regression analysis; temperature; Arctic region
Abstract:
... The use of marine diesels in Arctic areas is expected to increase due to increased shipping transport, oil and gas activities, and the ban of heavy bunker oils in many areas. This project aimed at gathering information regarding the sensitivity of an Arctic copepod to marine diesel. The approach undertaken was to study the effects on survival (LC50s) and gene expression of a known detoxification g ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.020
PubMed:
23434578

2. A meta-analysis of the effects of pesticides and fertilizers on survival and growth of amphibians

Author:
Baker, Nick J.; Bancroft, Betsy A.; Garcia, Tiffany S.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 150-156
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
agrochemicals; agroecosystems; amphibians; best management practices; biodiversity; carbamates; community structure; disease resistance; landscapes; meta-analysis; mineral fertilizers; mortality; organophosphorus compounds; pesticides; sublethal effects
Abstract:
... The input of agrochemicals has contributed to alteration of community composition in managed and associated natural systems, including amphibian biodiversity. Pesticides and fertilizers negatively affect many amphibian species and can cause mortality and sublethal effects, such as reduced growth and increased susceptibility to disease. However, the effect of pesticides and fertilizers varies among ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.056
PubMed:
23422494

3. Anthropogenic impact and lead pollution throughout the Holocene in Southern Iberia

Author:
García-Alix, A.; Jimenez-Espejo, F.J.; Lozano, J.A.; Jiménez-Moreno, G.; Martinez-Ruiz, F.; García Sanjuán, L.; Aranda Jiménez, G.; García Alfonso, E.; Ruiz-Puertas, G.; Anderson, R. Scott
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 451-460
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
deforestation; environmental hazards; fire regime; lead; mass transfer; metallurgy; pollution; soil erosion; Western European region
Abstract:
... Present day lead pollution is an environmental hazard of global proportions. A correct determination of natural lead levels is very important in order to evaluate anthropogenic lead contributions. In this paper, the anthropogenic signature of early metallurgy in Southern Iberia during the Holocene, more specifically during the Late Prehistory, was assessed by mean of a multiproxy approach: compari ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.081
PubMed:
23454707

4. Application of Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment to analyze the public health risk from poor drinking water quality in a low income area in Accra, Ghana

Author:
Machdar, E.; van der Steen, N.P.; Raschid-Sally, L.; Lens, P.N.L.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 134-142
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Ascaris; Campylobacter; Cryptosporidium; Escherichia coli; Rotavirus; World Health Organization; burden of disease; cost effectiveness; disinfection; dose response; drinking water; education; households; human health; hygiene; income; microbial contamination; microorganisms; pathogens; public health; quantitative risk assessment; risk; risk estimate; surveys; water quality; water supply; wells; Ghana
Abstract:
... In Accra, Ghana, a majority of inhabitants lives in over-crowded areas with limited access to piped water supply, which is often also intermittent. This study assessed in a densely populated area the risk from microbial contamination of various sources of drinking water, by conducting a Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment (QMRA) to estimate the risk to human health from microorganism expo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.048
PubMed:
23416990

5. Assessing the public health impacts of urban air pollution in 25 European cities: Results of the Aphekom project

Author:
Pascal, M.; Corso, M.; Chanel, O.; Declercq, C.; Badaloni, C.; Cesaroni, G.; Henschel, S.; Meister, K.; Haluza, D.; Martin-Olmedo, P.; Medina, S.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 390-400
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
European Union; World Health Organization; air; air pollution; air quality; chronic exposure; cities; cost of illness analysis; death; guidelines; health information; longevity; morbidity; mortality; ozone; particulates; pollutants; public health; quality of life; willingness to pay; Europe
Abstract:
... The Aphekom project aimed to provide new, clear, and meaningful information on the health effects of air pollution in Europe. Among others, it assessed the health and monetary benefits of reducing short and long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and ozone in 25 European cities.Health impact assessments were performed using routine health and air quality data, and a common methodology. Two s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.077
PubMed:
23454700

6. Association between PON1 genetic polymorphisms and miscarriage in Mexican women exposed to pesticides

Author:
Blanco-Muñoz, Julia; Aguilar-Garduño, Clemente; Gamboa-Avila, Ricardo; Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel; Pérez-Méndez, Oscar; Huesca-Gómez, Claudia; González-Alzaga, Beatriz; Lacasaña, Marina
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 302-308
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
abortion (animals); oxidative stress; risk; mothers; women; blood sampling; fetal development; genotype; oxidation; organophosphorus pesticides; genetic polymorphism; chronic exposure; maternal effect; polymerase chain reaction; pregnancy; cross-sectional studies; adverse effects; high density lipoprotein; questionnaires; low density lipoprotein
Abstract:
... Placental oxidative stress has been involved in the pathogenesis of certain reproductive adverse effects, including miscarriage. Paraxonase 1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein(HDL)-linked enzyme that prevents oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and is involved in detoxification from organophosphate pesticides.To assess the association between maternal PON1 polymorphisms (PON1192Q/R, PON ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.034
PubMed:
23435062

7. Bibliometric approach of factors affecting scientific productivity in environmental sciences and ecology

Author:
Dragos, Cristian Mihai; Dragos, Simona Laura
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 184-188
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
ecology; economic factors; environmental quality; funding; income; least squares; research and development
Abstract:
... Different academic bibliometric studies have measured the influence of economic, political and linguistic factors in the academic output of countries. Separate analysis in different fields can reveal specific incentive factors. Our study proves that the Environmental Performance Index, computed by Yale University, is highly significant (p<0.01) for the productivity of research and development acti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.057
PubMed:
23425795

8. Bioaccessibility and speciation of arsenic in country foods from contaminated sites in Canada

Author:
Koch, Iris; Dee, Justin; House, Kim; Sui, Jie; Zhang, Jun; McKnight-Whitford, Anthony; Reimer, Kenneth J.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 1-8
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Rhododendron groenlandicum; absorption; arsenic; food contamination; hares; humans; meat; muscle tissues; mushrooms; small fruits; Canada
Abstract:
... Arsenic in foods obtained through foraging or hunting (country foods) in contaminated areas has not been reported; moreover the chemical form (arsenic speciation) is not known. Bioaccessibility extractions can be used to extract the arsenic from samples, giving information about the arsenic that is available for absorption into humans. Bioaccessibility of arsenic was measured in country foods (ber ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.047
PubMed:
23403097

9. Biomagnification and debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in a coastal ecosystem in Tokyo Bay

Author:
Mizukawa, Kaoruko; Yamada, Toshiko; Matsuo, Hiroaki; Takeuchi, Ichiro; Tsuchiya, Kotaro; Takada, Hideshige
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 401-409
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
bioaccumulation; biotransformation; carbon; coasts; ecosystems; ethers; fish; in vitro studies; isotopes; microsomes; nitrogen; polychlorinated biphenyls; trophic relationships
Abstract:
... By field sampling and laboratory experiments we compared the mechanisms by which polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are biomagnified. We measured PBDEs and PCBs, together with stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes as an index of trophic level, in low-trophic-level organisms collected from a coastal area in Tokyo Bay. PBDEs were biomagnified to a lesser degree ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.092
PubMed:
23454701

10. Change of PAHs with evolution of paddy soils from prehistoric to present over the last six millennia in the Yangtze River Delta region, China

Author:
Zhang, Jin; Cornelia, Mueller-Niggemann; Wang, Minyan; Cao, Zhihong; Luo, Xiping; Wong, Minghung; Chen, Wei
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 328-335
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
rice; soil organic carbon; anthropogenic activities; plant residues; biomarkers; hydroponics; paddy soils; organic soils; indicator species; highlands; fires; soil management; paddies; upland soils; rice soils; phenanthrenes; soil profiles; vegetation; Yangtze River; China
Abstract:
... To evaluate the influence of hydroponics management on soil organic components with evolution of paddy soil over the last six millennia, PAHs, as a biomarker, as well as total organic carbon content were used to explore changes of paddy soil organic carbon in two entirely buried ancient paddy soil profiles. The results showed that hydroponics management can cause organic carbon deposition in rice ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.084
PubMed:
23435064

11. Changes in catchment conditions lead to enhanced remobilization of arsenic in a water reservoir

Author:
Weiske, Arndt; Schaller, Jörg; Hegewald, Tilo; Kranz, Ulrike; Feger, Karl-Heinz; Werner, Ingo; Dudel, E. Gert
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 63-70
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
acid deposition; air pollution; arsenic; burning; coal; dissolved organic carbon; ecosystems; lakes; nitrates; runoff; sediments; sulfates; water reservoirs; watersheds; Germany
Abstract:
... Increasing arsenic concentrations in freshwater ecosystems is of global concern. Processes affecting arsenic fluxes in catchments are known. These processes are in turn controlled by the underlying geology and air pollution history. In contrast to the knowledge on catchment processes less is known about the hydrochemical processes controlling the fixation/remobilization of arsenic within lakes and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.041
PubMed:
23416201

12. Characterization of mercury concentrations in snow and potential sources, Shanghai, China

Author:
Zhang, Yanyan; Xiu, Guangli; Wu, Xuefang; Moore, Christopher W.; Wang, Jiajia; Cai, Ji; Zhang, Danian; Shi, Chaoou; Zhang, Renjian
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 434-442
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
aerosols; biomass; cities; coal; combustion; ions; mercury; pH; pollution; snow; traffic; China
Abstract:
... This work focused on quantifying the total mercury (HgT) and major ion concentrations in snow samples to understand the importance of this pathway and sources of Hg deposited in Shanghai, China. Rare snow event samples were collected at 26 sites within the city of Shanghai on February 18, 2006, January 27, 2008 and January 20, 2011. The sites were distributed among four main functional area types ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.088
PubMed:
23454705

13. Contribution of evaporative emissions from gasoline vehicles toward total VOC emissions in Japan

Author:
Yamada, Hiroyuki
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 143-149
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
equations; ambient temperature; volatile organic compounds; weather; carbon; gasoline; tanks; emissions; vapors; Japan
Abstract:
... The features of evaporative emissions from gasoline vehicles were examined. One potential source of evaporative emissions is mainly the so-called sigh of a fuel tank, which is a function of the daily temperature change and the volume not occupied by fuel. A theoretical equation was proposed for estimating the fuel vapor generation. It reproduced observed features well but underestimated the absolu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.045
PubMed:
23422493

14. Contribution of mine wastes to atmospheric metal deposition in the surrounding area of an abandoned heavily polluted mining district (Rio Tinto mines, Spain)

Author:
Castillo, Sonia; de la Rosa, Jesús D.; Sánchez de la Campa, Ana M.; González-Castanedo, Yolanda; Fernández-Caliani, Juan C.; Gonzalez, Isabel; Romero, Antonio
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 363-372
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
adverse effects; atmospheric deposition; humans; mining; particulates; principal component analysis; regression analysis; silicate minerals; soil; trace elements; villages; wastes; wind; Spain
Abstract:
... The present study seeks to estimate the impact of abandoned mine wastes on the levels and chemical profile of total atmospheric deposition in one of the oldest and largest mining districts in Europe (Rio Tinto mines, Iberian Pyrite Belt), on the basis of a complete geochemical characterization of particulate matter samples periodically collected in five sampling stations located around the mining ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.076
PubMed:
23454697

15. Dechlorination of liquid wastes containing chlorinated hydrocarbons by a binder mixture of cement and slag with Fe(II)

Author:
Jung, Bahngmi; Shin, Ja-Won; Ghorpade, Praveen A.; Park, Joo-Yang
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 443-450
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
cement; dechlorination; methylene chloride; oils; sand; slags; solidification; solvents; trichloroethylene; vinyl chloride
Abstract:
... Iron-based degradative solidification/stabilization (DS/S-Fe(II)) is a modification of conventional solidification/stabilization (S/S) that incorporates degradative processes for organic contaminant destruction with immobilization. This study investigated the effectiveness of a binder mixture of Portland cement and slag in a DS/S-Fe(II) system to treat trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1-dichloroethylene ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.085
PubMed:
23454706

16. Discrimination of viable from non-viable Gram-negative bacterial pathogens in airborne particles using propidium monoazide-assisted qPCR

Author:
Kaushik, Rajni; Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 237-243
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Aeromonas hydrophila; DNA; Escherichia coli; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; biomass; burning; dyes; particulates; pathogens; polymerase chain reaction; public health; rapid methods
Abstract:
... The presence of bacterial pathogens in airborne particulate matter (PM) has been of considerable concern from the public health standpoint. Conventional culture-based methods are tedious, time consuming and are unable to quantify stressed viable but non-culturable (VBNC) populations of these pathogens. This study reports the optimization, validation and application of a new and rapid quantitative ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.065
PubMed:
23428754

17. Effect of sulfide, selenite and mercuric mercury on the growth and methylation capacity of the sulfate reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans

Author:
Truong, Hoang-Yen T.; Chen, Yu-Wei; Belzile, Nelson
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 373-384
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; anaerobic conditions; bioavailability; culture media; hydrogen production; hydrogen sulfide; ions; mercury; methylation; methylmercury compounds; poisoning; selenium; sulfate-reducing bacteria
Abstract:
... Cultures of the sulfate reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio desulfuricans were grown under anoxic conditions to study the effect of added sulfide, selenite and mercuric ions. A chemical trap consisting in a CuSO4 solution was used to control the poisoning effect induced by the bacterial production of hydrogen sulfide via the precipitation of CuS. Following the addition of Hg2+, the formation of methyl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.054
PubMed:
23454698

18. Effects of natural water constituents on the photo-decomposition of methylmercury and the role of hydroxyl radical

Author:
Kim, Moon-Kyung; Zoh, Kyung-Duk
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 95-101
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
aquatic organisms; bioavailability; fulvic acids; humic acids; hydroxyl radicals; ions; irradiation; mercury; methylmercury compounds; pH; surface water
Abstract:
... Photo-decomposition of methylmercury (MeHg) in surface water is thought to be an important process that reduces the bioavailability of mercury (Hg) to aquatic organisms. In this study, photo-initiated decomposition of MeHg was investigated under UVA irradiation in the presence of natural water constituents including NO3−, Fe3+, and HCO3− ions, and dissolved organic matter such as humic and fulvic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.039
PubMed:
23416204

19. Effects of organic fractions on the formation and control of N-nitrosamine precursors during conventional drinking water treatment processes

Author:
Wang, Chengkun; Zhang, Xiaojian; Wang, Jun; Liu, Shuming; Chen, Chao; Xie, Yuefeng
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 295-301
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
N-nitrosodimethylamine; rivers; professionals; absorbance; fluorescence; resins; water treatment; gel chromatography; dissolved organic carbon; hydrophobicity; molecular weight; spectroscopy; China
Abstract:
... Knowledge of N-nitrosamine precursors from dissolved organic matter (DOM) is important for water professionals to better control N-nitrosamine formation. The characterization of DOM from the Luan River in Northern China was conducted using Amberlite XAD resins and ultra-filtration methods. N-nitrosamine formation potentials were investigated for various DOM fractions. The removal of the DOM during ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.080
PubMed:
23435061

20. Evaluation of mitigation strategies to reduce ammonia losses from slurry fertilisation on arable lands

Author:
Carozzi, M.; Ferrara, R.M.; Rana, G.; Acutis, M.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.449 pp. 126-133
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
ammonia; arable soils; cattle manure; chronic exposure; emissions; field experimentation; risk reduction; slurries; soil injection; soil quality; turbulent flow; volatilization
Abstract:
... To evaluate the best practices in reducing ammonia (NH3) losses from fertilised arable lands, six field trials were carried out in three different locations in northern Italy. NH3 emissions from cattle slurry were estimated considering the spreading techniques and the field incorporation procedures. The measurements were performed using long term exposure samplers associated to the determination o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.082
PubMed:
23416989