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- Author:
- Tye, Matthew R.; Menges, Eric S.; Weekley, Carl; Quintana‐Ascencio, Pedro F.; Salguero‐Gómez, Roberto
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1778-1788
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- Liatris; anthropogenic activities; endangered species; habitats; herbivores; humans; indigenous species; integrated pest management; models; plants (botany); population growth; population viability; prediction; reproduction; roads; sand; shrublands; viability; Florida
- Abstract:
- ... Natural and anthropogenic disturbances co‐occur in most systems, but how they interact to shape demographic outcomes remains poorly understood. Such interactions may alter dynamics of populations in non‐additive ways, making demographic predictions challenging when focusing on only one disturbance. Thus, understanding the interactive effects of such disturbances is critically important to determin ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12642
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12642
- Author:
- Bellingham, Peter J.; Kardol, Paul; Bonner, Karen I.; Buxton, Rowan P.; Morse, Chris W.; Wardle, David A.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1505-1517
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- Cyperaceae; Trichosurus vulpecula; browsing; carbon; community structure; ecosystems; forest canopy; forestry development; grasses; herbivores; indigenous species; landslides; nitrogen content; nitrogen-fixing trees; phytomass; plant communities; possums; primary succession; soil; soil ecology; soil nematodes; species diversity; New Zealand
- Abstract:
- ... Invasive herbivores can strongly affect ecosystems by reducing or removing native plant species, and early in primary successions they could have enduring consequences for plant community assembly and ecosystem functioning, although this has seldom been explored. Invasive brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) browse from ground levels to forest canopies in New Zealand, including on plant speci ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12624
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12624
- Author:
- Razafindratsima, Onja H.; Dunham, Amy E.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1789-1798
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- forest trees; frugivores; fruiting; phenology; phylogeny; plant communities; rain; rain forests; seasonal variation; seed dispersal; Madagascar
- Abstract:
- ... Co‐fruiting plant species are subject to a variety of biotic and abiotic processes that may influence patterns of fruiting phenology and the functional and phylogenetic diversity of co‐fruiting taxa in a community. Understanding the seasonal patterns of functional and phylogenetic diversity of fruiting in a community will shed new light on potential mechanisms structuring plant communities. Using ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12645
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12645
- Author:
- Catford, Jane A.; Baumgartner, John B.; Vesk, Peter A.; White, Matt; Buckley, Yvonne M.; McCarthy, Michael A.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1745-1758
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- forbs; graminoids; herbs; indigenous species; invasive species; risk; Victoria (Australia)
- Abstract:
- ... A definitive list of invasive species traits remains elusive, perhaps due to inconsistent ways of identifying invasive species. Invasive species are typically identified using one or more of four demographic criteria (local abundance, geographic range, environmental range, spread rate), referred to here as the demographic dimensions of invasiveness. In 112 studies comparing invasive and non‐invasi ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12627
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12627
- Author:
- Finger, Rebecca A.; Turetsky, Merritt R.; Kielland, Knut; Ruess, Roger W.; Mack, Michelle C.; Euskirchen, Eugénie S.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1542-1554
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- dissolved organic nitrogen; mineralization; permafrost; plant communities; dissolved inorganic nitrogen; botanical composition; soil organic matter; coniferous forests; hydrophilicity; peatlands; bogs; soil depth; rooting; soil horizons; ice; lowlands; stable isotopes; thawing; soil-plant interactions
- Abstract:
- ... Increasing rates of permafrost thaw in boreal peatlands are converting conifer forests to waterlogged open wetlands. Permafrost thaw increases soil nitrogen (N) availability, but it is unclear whether such changes are due solely to changes in surface soil N mineralization or N mobilization from thawing permafrost soils at depth. We examined plant species composition and N availability along tripli ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12639
- Chorus Open Access:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12639
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12639
- Author:
- Hamann, Elena; Kesselring, Halil; Armbruster, Georg F. J.; Scheepens, J. F.; Stöcklin, Jürg
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1627-1637
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- Poa alpina; biomass; climate change; extinction; gene flow; genetic markers; genetic variation; genotyping; grasses; habitats; landscapes; leaf area; phenotypic plasticity; provenance; risk; Alps region; Switzerland
- Abstract:
- ... In the alpine landscape, characterized by high spatiotemporal heterogeneity and barriers, divergent selection is likely to lead to local adaptation of plant populations either through adaptive genetic differentiation or through phenotypic plasticity. The relative importance of these processes has rarely been investigated in relation to the spatial scale of environmental heterogeneity. In this stud ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12628
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12628
- Author:
- Mousing, Erik Askov; Richardson, Katherine; Bendtsen, Jørgen; Cetinić, Ivona; Perry, Mary Jane
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1682-1695
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- Bacillariophyceae; Chaetoceros; biomass; data collection; embryophytes; environmental factors; models; nestedness; oceans; phytoplankton; salinity; species diversity; spring; surface water; taxonomy; Atlantic Ocean; Iceland
- Abstract:
- ... Phytoplankton assemblages in the open ocean are usually assumed to be mixed on local scales unless large semi‐permanent density discontinuities separating water masses are present. Recent modelling studies have, however, suggested that ephemeral submesoscale oceanographic features leading to only subtle density discontinuities may be important for controlling phytoplankton alpha‐ and beta‐diversit ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12634
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12634
- Author:
- Klein, Tamir; Bader, Martin K.‐F.; Leuzinger, Sebastian; Mildner, Manuel; Schleppi, Patrick; Siegwolf, Rolf T.W.; Körner, Christian
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1720-1733
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- Picea abies; atmospheric deposition; canopy; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sinks; ectomycorrhizae; exudation; fine roots; free air carbon dioxide enrichment; lowland forests; nitrates; nitrogen; photosynthesis; plant litter; sap flow; soil organic matter; soil water; stable isotopes; stomatal movement; trees; Switzerland
- Abstract:
- ... Are mature forests carbon limited? To explore this question, we exposed ca. 110‐year‐old, 40‐m tall Picea abies trees to a 550‐ppm CO₂ concentration in a mixed lowland forest in NW Switzerland. The site receives substantial soluble nitrogen (N) via atmospheric deposition, and thus, trees are unlikely N‐limited. We used a construction crane to operate the free‐air CO₂ release system and for canopy ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12621
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12621
- Author:
- Zhang, Qian; Peters, Janny L.; Visser, Eric J. W.; de Kroon, Hans; Huber, Heidrun
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1649-1661
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- Solanum dulcamara; adventitious roots; drought; drought tolerance; genetic variation; hydrology; niches; phenotype; root shoot ratio; water stress
- Abstract:
- ... In contrasting habitats, locally adapted populations are expected to evolve through directional selection. Hydrological gradients provide a scenario where strong selection forces have led to species segregation in communities along the hydrological niche axes due to specific adaptations to their ambient environment. However, much less is known about the processes enabling species with wide ecologi ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12648
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12648
- Author:
- Pierre‐Emmanuel, Courty; François, Munoz; Marc‐André, Selosse; Myriam, Duchemin; Stéven, Criquet; Fabio, Ziarelli; Marc, Buée; Claude, Plassard; Adrien, Taudière; Jean, Garbaye; Franck, Richard
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1585-1598
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- ectomycorrhizae; enzyme activity; enzymes; forest ecosystems; fungal communities; fungi; soil; soil resources; taxonomy
- Abstract:
- ... Characterizing the ecological processes driving the assembly and functional composition of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal communities is an area of active research. Here, we applied a trait‐based framework to address whether and how environmental filtering and niche differentiation influence the diversity of ECM fungal enzymatic activities in two oak‐dominated forest ecosystems. We hypothesized that ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12633
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12633
- Author:
- Dombroskie, Sarah L.; Tracey, Amanda J.; Aarssen, Lonnie W.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1759-1767
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- Angiospermae; body size; fecundity; flowering; fruits; growing season; inflorescences; leaves; meristems; phylogeny; pollination; prediction; progeny; seed maturation; seeds; shoots; shrubs; trees
- Abstract:
- ... A sample of woody angiosperm species was used to test a central prediction of the ‘leafing intensity premium’ hypothesis: higher leafing intensity (number of leaves produced per unit dry mass of shoot vegetative tissue produced in the same growing season) confers a larger bud bank (i.e. number of axillary meristems per unit shoot tissue) that can be deployed for reproduction, and thus confers gene ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12622
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12622
- Author:
- Ledo, Alicia; Illian, Janine B.; Schnitzer, Stefan A.; Wright, S. Joseph; Dalling, James W.; Burslem, David F. R. P.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1819-1828
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- aboveground biomass; carbon; carbon sinks; climate; climate change; lianas; mortality; pH; prediction; regression analysis; soil; soil fertility; soil nutrients; species diversity; topography; trees; tropical rain forests; Panama
- Abstract:
- ... Prediction of carbon dynamics in response to global climate change requires an understanding of the processes that govern the distribution of carbon stocks. Above‐ground biomass (AGB) in tropical forests is regulated by variation in soil fertility, climate, species composition and topography at regional scales, but the drivers of fine‐scale variation in tropical forest AGB are poorly understood. T ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12635
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12635
- Author:
- Muthukrishnan, Ranjan; Lloyd‐Smith, James O.; Fong, Peggy
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1662-1672
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- algae; anthropogenic activities; basins; benthic organisms; bioassays; coral reefs; corals; ecosystems; herbivores; hysteresis; simulation models
- Abstract:
- ... Alternate stable states (ASS) theory is a dominant conceptual framework for understanding processes that support resilience of ecological communities in the face of multiple anthropogenic disturbances. For decades, coral reefs have been cited as a classic example of ASS, yet this position remains highly controversial, largely because convincing empirical evaluations have been elusive. Using a comb ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12631
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12631
- Author:
- Taylor, Melanie K.; Lankau, Richard A.; Wurzburger, Nina
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1576-1584
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- carbon; ectomycorrhizae; fine roots; microbial biomass; mineral soils; organic matter; plant litter; soil chemistry; soil microorganisms; temperate forests; terrestrial ecosystems; trees; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae
- Abstract:
- ... Organic matter decomposition is the main process by which carbon (C) is lost from terrestrial ecosystems, and mycorrhizal associations of plants (i.e. arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) and ectomycorrhizas (ECM)) may have different indirect effects on this loss pathway. AM and ECM plants differ in the soil decomposers they promote and the quality of litter they produce, which may result in different patt ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12629
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12629
- Author:
- Hahn, Philip G.; Orrock, John L.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1518-1526
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- adults; agricultural land; biomass; canopy; fauna; habitats; herbivores; insects; juveniles; land use; mature plants; ontogeny; plant establishment; space and time; woodlands
- Abstract:
- ... The strength of interactions among species is often highly variable in space and time, and a major challenge in understanding context‐dependent effects of herbivores lies in disentangling habitat‐mediated from herbivore‐mediated effects on plant performance. We conducted a landscape‐scale experiment that manipulated light availability in woodlands with either a history of agricultural use or no hi ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12623
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12623
- Author:
- Bennett, Alison E.; Millar, Niall S.; Gedrovics, Emils; Karley, Alison J.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1734-1744
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- Aphidius ervi; Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Solanum; biological control; endosymbionts; genotype; models; mutualism; mycorrhizal fungi; parasitic wasps; phytomass; plant response; rearing; soil; soil biota; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; wasps
- Abstract:
- ... Understanding how soil microbial communities influence plant interactions with other organisms, and how this varies with characteristics of the interacting organisms, is important for multiple systems. Solanum spp. are a suitable model for trophic interactions in studies of agricultural and natural systems and can also provide useful corollaries in invaded systems. This study examined the influenc ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12620
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12620
- Author:
- Chomel, Mathilde; Guittonny‐Larchevêque, Marie; Fernandez, Catherine; Gallet, Christiane; DesRochers, Annie; Paré, David; Jackson, Benjamin G.; Baldy, Virginie
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1527-1541
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- biogeochemical cycles; ecological succession; ecosystems; models; secondary metabolites; soil; soil biota; soil nutrients
- Abstract:
- ... A broad and diversified group of compounds, secondary metabolites, are known to govern species interactions in ecosystems. Recent studies have shown that secondary metabolites can also play a major role in ecosystem processes, such as plant succession or in the process of litter decomposition, by governing the interplay between plant matter and soil organisms. We reviewed the ecological role of th ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12644
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12644
- Author:
- Cortois, Roeland; Schröder‐Georgi, Thomas; Weigelt, Alexandra; van der Putten, Wim H.; De Deyn, Gerlinde B.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1608-1617
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- graminoids; grasslands; herbs; inoculum; leaf area; legumes; mycorrhizal fungi; pathogens; plant communities; plant growth; soil; soil biota; soil sterilization; soil-plant interactions
- Abstract:
- ... Plant–soil feedback (PSF), plant trait and functional group concepts advanced our understanding of plant community dynamics, but how they are interlinked is poorly known. To test how plant functional groups (FGs: graminoids, small herbs, tall herbs, legumes) and plant traits relate to PSF, we grew 48 grassland species in sterilized soil, sterilized soil with own species soil inoculum and sterilize ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12643
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12643
- Author:
- Brandt, Angela J.; Tanentzap, Andrew J.; Leopold, Devin R.; Heenan, Peter B.; Fukami, Tadashi; Lee, William G.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1673-1681
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- Angiospermae; age; ferns and fern allies; forest communities; habitats; mountains; phylogeny; temperate forests; New Zealand
- Abstract:
- ... The ecological conditions promoting evolutionary priority effects, where the order and timing of ancestral species arrival into a new habitat influences extant community assembly, are poorly understood. Studies in the New Zealand alpine indicated that early‐arriving angiosperm lineages dominated communities via niche pre‐emption. Forests have a much longer (>60 myr) evolutionary history in New Zea ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12640
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12640
- Author:
- Waller, Lauren P.; Callaway, Ragan M.; Klironomos, John N.; Ortega, Yvette K.; Maron, John L.
- Source:
- The journal of ecology 2016 v.104 no.6 pp. 1599-1607
- ISSN:
- 0022-0477
- Subject:
- Centaurea solstitialis; Nassella pulchra; annuals; genotype; habitat destruction; indigenous species; introduced plants; invasive species; mycorrhizal fungi; soil biota; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae
- Abstract:
- ... Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can exert a powerful influence on the outcome of plant–plant competition. Since some exotic plants interact differently with soil biota such as AM fungi in their new range, range‐based shifts in AM responsiveness could shift competitive interactions between exotic and resident plants, although this remains poorly studied. We explored whether genotypes of the annua ...
- DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2745.12641
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12641