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... Maritime pine grows naturally under a wide range of climatic conditions, from strongly Atlantic to strongly Mediterranean. Aiming to improve our understanding of the genetic structure and inheritance of drought resistance strategies in the species, we conducted an environmentally controlled experiment to assess the genetic variation and plasticity to drought of Atlantic and Mediterranean populatio ...
Arabidopsis; Bayesian theory; Juglans regia; breeding; carbon; climate; drought; ecophysiology; genome; genomics; genotype; genotyping; leaf area; leaf morphology; leaves; loci; nitrogen; orchards; photosynthesis; scions; single nucleotide polymorphism; stable isotopes; stress response; trees; walnuts; water stress; water use efficiency; California
Abstract:
... English walnut (Juglans regia L.) is an economically important crop with > 99% of US walnuts produced in California. Changes in climate and recent drought cycles have raised concerns regarding the future of nut production and responsible water use in California agriculture. Our study used an association genetics approach to characterize ecophysiological traits such as water use efficiency as estim ...
... Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a traditional staple tree crop throughout the tropics. Susceptibility to windstorm damage is the primary constraint on breadfruit cultivation. Significant tree loss due to intense tropical windstorm in the past decades has driven an increasing interest in developing dwarf varieties of breadfruit. As a first step toward understanding the molecular mechanism of gro ...
Platycladus orientalis; afforestation; bark; cell walls; drought; drought tolerance; gels; gene expression; heat shock proteins; leaves; messenger RNA; nitrogen metabolism; photosynthesis; polymerase chain reaction; protein composition; protein synthesis; proteolysis; proteome; reactive oxygen species; roots; semiarid zones; stress response; tandem mass spectrometry; trees; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis; water stress
Abstract:
... Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco is widely used for afforestation in arid and semi-arid areas due to its high drought tolerance. To better understand the mechanism involved in drought tolerance in this important tree, responses to drought stress have been studied in 1-year-old P. orientalis via water withholding. Several physiological parameters were evaluated in four drought-treated groups. The ...
... Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) and stone pine (P. pinea) are two of the most drought-resistant Mediterranean trees. Several studies have analysed the response to drought stress at the molecular level in maritime pine, including the identification of drought-induced genes, transcriptomic analysis during dehydration or in-depth characterisation and diversity studies of specific candidate genes. On t ...
... Reference genes for normalization of reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) experiments were selected and evaluated for drought-stressed leaves of three European Quercus species (Q. ilex, Q. pubescens, and Q. robur). A drought experiment was conducted over the course of 2 years. In the first year, a comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted between control and drought-st ...
Populus simonii; bioinformatics; drought; epistasis; genes; genetic variation; growth and development; heat shock proteins; heat stress; leaves; linkage disequilibrium; molecular cloning; perennials; plant response; roots; single nucleotide polymorphism; sugars; temperature; transcription factors; tree growth; xylem; China
Abstract:
... Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) play a crucial role in plant growth and development, but the significance of Hsfs is not clearly understood in long-lived perennial plants. Here, two class A Hsf members (PsHsfA1c1 and PsHsfA7a1) were identified in Populus simonii, an important and pioneering species in northern China, using bioinformatics analysis and molecular cloning. Tissue-specific expr ...
... Glycosyltransferase (GT) plays a pivotal role in cell wall biosynthesis in plants. Galacturonosyltransferase-like (GATL) genes, belonging to the GT8 family, have been proven to be involved in pectin and/or xylan biosynthesis of the cell wall. Here, we identified eight GATL genes from the Eucalyptus grandis genome and characterized the gene structure and chromosomal location. The genes were found t ...
... Increased drought severity is expected in the Mediterranean Basin over the twenty-first century, but our understanding of the potential of most forest tree species to cope with it remains uncertain. In this study, (1) we examined the potential effects of long-term selection and the capacity to respond to future changes in selective pressures in three populations of cork oak (Quercus suber L.). For ...
... To select suitable planting stock for reforestation under uncertain future climates, information about tolerances of genotypes to different climate conditions is necessary. One useful approach is to combine dendrochronological research with common garden experiments to quantify genotype by environment interactions observed over time. Here, we assess the response of Douglas-fir provenances planted ...
Rhododendron; data collection; drought; drought tolerance; gardens; gene expression; gene expression regulation; plant genetics; rehydration; signal transduction; transcriptomics; water stress; China
Abstract:
... Droughts, due to global warming, have become a major abiotic stress for plants. Rhododendron pulchrum is among the top 10 most sought-after flowers in China; however, because of its sensitivity to water, it is often drought-stressed in landscaping practices. This has restricted its promotion in garden landscaping. Thus, we performed transcriptomic analyses of this species under moderate to severe ...
... Drought is one of the critical factors limiting plant growth, and knowledge about genetic adaptation to drought is necessary to develop strategies for successful reforestation on drought-prone sites. In this study, genetic variation was investigated in 98 full- and half-sib radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) families, representing Chilean coastal and interior populations, subjected to two water r ...
... Sympatric hybridizing oak species provide a model system for studying local adaptation. Disjunct populations of Quercus rubra L. and Quercus ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill at the northern edge of their distribution may harbor important reservoirs of adaptive genetic variation. Genic (expressed sequence tag- simple sequence repeat = EST-SSR) and non-genic nuclear microsatellite (nuclear SSR = nSSR) marke ...
Eucalyptus globulus; breeding; drought; genetic variation; heritability; models; natural selection; rain; temperature; Western Australia
Abstract:
... Genetic variation in drought damage in Eucalyptus globulus was studied in a sublined trial series across four neighbouring sites in Western Australia linked by ten common families. The trials included approximately 400 open-pollinated families, encompassing 51 native stand collection localities and 19 subraces from throughout the geographic range of the species. Data were analysed using mixed mode ...
... Mediterranean junipers are of special ecological importance as key components of resource islands in semi-arid mountain ecosystems of the Mediterranean basin. The fragmentation of their habitat, which was primarily natural and driven by climatic drought conditions, is currently being aggravated by anthropogenic pressure. In the framework of this concern, the present work aims to contribute establi ...
Populus canadensis; RNA; chromatin; drought; gene expression regulation; genes; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; hybrids; leaves; methylation; retrotransposons; transcription (genetics); water deprivation
Abstract:
... Retrotransposons represent a major component of plant genomes; however, large-scale studies on their expression are rare. Massively parallel sequencing offers new analytical possibilities enabling a comprehensive study of retrotransposon RNA transcription. We evaluated the expression of long terminal repeat-retrotransposons in leaves of two sister hybrids Populus × canadensis (P. deltoides × P. ni ...
... Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are a large and highly diverse group of polypeptides that are believed to function in desiccation and freezing tolerance in plants. This report presents a genome-wide analysis of LEA proteins and their encoding genes in Populus trichocarpa. Fifty-three LEA genes were identified from the Populus genome and divided into eight groups. The LEA4 and LEA5 group ...
... Plants have developed bark as a defense barrier to deal with environmental stresses, such as pathogen invasion, drought, and UV radiation. Bark is composed of dead differentiated cells and is formed when radial expansion pushes the cortex and epidermis outward creating secondary meristem. However, the genetic control of this complex phenotype is generally unknown. Here, we use association mapping ...
Populus euphratica; abiotic stress; abscisic acid; cold; drought; functional properties; genes; heat; models; plant growth; plant stress; plant tissues; protein domains; protein kinases; regulatory sequences; resistance mechanisms; salinity; signal transduction; woody plants
Abstract:
... The protein phosphatase 2Cs (PP2Cs) have been demonstrated to act as negative modulators of protein kinase and to participate in stress signal transduction, as well as plant growth and productivity processes. Populus euphratica is so extraordinarily adaptable to abiotic stresses that it is regarded as a potential model plant for exploring resistance mechanisms of woody plants. To gain insight into ...
... The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor family contains a large number of genes and has been found in many plant species. Previous studies have reported that bZIP family genes play important roles in the regulation of plant development and biotic/abiotic stress responses. However, a comprehensive investigation of this transcription factor family in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) has be ...
... Drought is one of the most devastating effects that severely reduce plant growth and development worldwide. In recent years, the availability of a reference Paulownia genome sequence has made it easier to explore gene expression, transcriptional regulation, and posttranscriptional regulation in Paulownia species. Here, we combined the analyses of the transcriptome, small RNAs, and degradome of Pau ...
... TIFY transcription factors comprise a plant-specific family involved in the regulation of diverse developmental processes and responses to phytohormones. However, little is known about these genes in woody species, and so, we characterized the 30-member TIFY gene family of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.). Synteny analysis indicated that segmental, tandem, and whole genome duplications have contri ...
... Aquaporins (AQPs), which belong to a highly conserved superfamily of major intrinsic proteins (MIPs), play key roles in regulation of movement of water and other small molecules across membranes. However, information concerning the AQP gene family in citrus is limited. Here, we conducted a genome-wide search for the homologs of AQPs in sweet orange and identified 34 full-length AQP genes (CsAQPs) ...
... The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family is one of the largest transcription factor (TF) families in plants, which play crucial roles in plant growth and development. bZIP proteins are involved in multiple biological processes, as well as responses to various biotic/abiotic stresses. Although genome-wide analysis of the bZIP gene family has been conducted in several plant species, only few comprehen ...
... Dehydrins (DHNs) are a complex family of plant proteins that play an important role in protection of higher plant cells from dehydration and desiccation damage during environmental stresses, such as drought, high salinity, and low temperature. However, information on DHN genes of Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia), an economically important fruit crop grown in temperate regions in East Asia, e.g., China ...
... Stress-associated proteins (SAPs) are a novel class of zinc finger proteins that extensively participate in abiotic stress responses. To date, no overall analysis and expression profiling of SAP genes in woody plants have been reported. Populus euphratica is distributed in desert regions and is extraordinarily adaptable to abiotic stresses. Thus, it is regarded as a promising candidate for studyin ...
... The rear edges of tree species have begun to be perceived as highly valuable for genetic resources conservation and management. In view of expected climatic changes, the responses of trees at their xeric limits may largely be determined by their capacity to cope with augmented environmental variance. We assess the heritability of early survival of Patagonian cypress in two common-garden field test ...
transcription factors; transcriptomics; forests; forest trees; hybrids; complementary DNA; Populus deltoides; drought; biochemical pathways; Populus trichocarpa; environmental factors; genes; cDNA libraries; water content; Populus nigra; leaves; crops
Abstract:
... Poplar interspecific hybrids are one of the most important forest crops. In order to obtain data on molecular responses of forest trees to drought, Illumina sequencing technology was used to determine the sequence of most gene transcripts. This approach identified genes that contribute to tolerance to water-limiting environments, contributing to the long-term aim of developing strategies to improv ...
... Aquaporins belong to the highly conserved major intrinsic protein family and are involved in the transcellular membrane transport of water and other small solutes. However, there has been little work on cloning aquaporin (AQP) family genes and characterizing their functions in plants under various environmental stimuli. In this study, a total of 18 full-length AQP genes were identified in Tamarix ...
Quercus petraea; Quercus robur; alleles; drought; dry environmental conditions; gene expression; gene frequency; population structure; single nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract:
... Nucleotide diversity, correlations to environmental conditions, and deviations from standard neutral models were examined in eight candidate genes for drought response of European oaks Quercus petraea and Quercus robur. Baseline genetic parameters were calculated and deviation from neutrality was tested using Tajima’s D, and Fu and Li’s D and F statistics. Population structure was investigated usi ...
Pinus pinaster; biomass; carbon; climate change; drought; forests; heritability; roots; seedlings; temperature; vapor pressure; water potential; water stress; water use efficiency; France; Morocco; Spain
Abstract:
... The response to drought of 20 open-pollinated families from four Pinus pinaster Ait. populations covering a latitudinal cline (France, Central and Southern Spain, and Morocco) was assessed. The seedlings were cultivated in a greenhouse under controlled temperature and vapor pressure deficit for 120 days, and subjected to two watering regimes for 60 days. Different biomass partitioning variables, p ...
... NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2 and CUC2) domain proteins are plant-specific transcriptional regulators that play roles in diverse developmental processes and stress responses. However, there has been little work on cloning NAC family genes and characterizing their expression patterns in response to abiotic stresses in woody plants. In the present study, a total of 21 full-length NAC genes were identified in Ta ...
DNA methylation; Populus nigra; biomass production; climate change; drought; epigenetics; forest decline; genetic correlation; genetic markers; genetic variation; genotype; heritability; models; phenotype; phenotypic plasticity; pioneer species; single nucleotide polymorphism; trees; water stress; watersheds
Abstract:
... In a context of climate change and forest decline, a better understanding of the sources of tree flexibility involved in phenotypic plasticity and adaptation is needed. These last years, the role of epigenetics in the response to environmental variations has been established in several model plants at the genotype level but little is known at the level of natural populations grown in pedoclimatic ...
... Plant annexins are phospholipid- and membrane-binding proteins that are associated with plant development and response to various abiotic stresses. Although previous studies have focused on annexin gene characterization and function from numerous plants, no studies to date have explored annexin1 genes from the poplar, Populus trichocarpa. PtAnnexin1 from P. trichocarpa encodes a putative annexin p ...
... The sodium/proton exchanger (NHX) mediates Na⁺ and H⁺ countertransport in plants and plays an important role in regulating intracellular pH and maintaining ion and osmotic balance. Previously, an NHX1 orthologue was isolated from the halophyte Nitraria sibirica Pall (referred to as NsNHX1), and its role in enhancing salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis was confirmed. To further analyse its fea ...
Pinus lambertiana; climate change; coniferous forests; drought; drought tolerance; environmental factors; genes; genetic similarity; genetic variation; mitochondria; physiological transport; population structure; single nucleotide polymorphism; trees; California
Abstract:
... Demographic and environmental forces shape geographical patterns of genetic diversity. Knowledge thereof is not only important for evolutionary ecologists but, in light of future climate change, will be of interest to conservation biologists as well. Sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.) is an ecologically important species found in mixed conifer forests across western North America. We applied a ...
... Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. Ex. A. de. Juss. Müell-Arg.) is the prime source of natural rubber. Domestication of rubber began since 1876 with Wickham collecting 70,000 seeds from Upper Amazon and transported them to Kew Botanic Gardens. Somehow, rubber trees covering millions of hectares are believed to be derived from “22 seedlings” of Wickham’s original stock. Improving dry rubber yield is the ex ...
... Platycladus orientalis (L.) is used extensively for afforestation and is a common medicinal ingredient. Because of its drought tolerance, P. orientalis is widely used for afforestation in arid and semi-arid areas. To better understand the mechanisms involved in drought-stress tolerance in this important tree, the transcriptome profiles of drought-treated P. orientalis seedlings were analyzed using ...
... We examined the phylogeography of three south-east Australian trees (Eucalyptus delegatensis, Eucalyptus obliqua, and Eucalyptus regnans) with different tolerances, in terms of cold, drought, fire and soil to explore whether species with different ecologies share major phylogeographic patterns. A second aim of this study was to examine geographic patterns of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) haplotype shari ...
... Camellia sinensis is an important economic crop worldwide since this plant is used to make one of the most popular non-alcoholic beverages, tea. Salinity together with drought pose a serious threat to the production and qualities of C. sinensis. However, the transcriptome dynamics occurring in response to drought stress and salt stress in tea plants are poorly understood at the molecular level. We ...
Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; carbon; climate; drought; hydraulic conductivity; isotopes; leaf water potential; leaves; photosynthesis; provenance; saplings; summer; water use efficiency; Bulgaria; Czech Republic; Poland; Sweden
Abstract:
... We assessed the response of 11-year-old saplings from six beech provenances growing in a common-garden trial at the southwestern range limit. Provenances from distinct climatic regions across the European beech distribution were selected. The local Spanish provenance appeared well suited to the site conditions, maintaining high rates of assimilation even in midsummer, but so did the provenance of ...
... Three genes encoding dehydrins have been previously described from peach. In the course of searching the peach genome, three additional members of this stress-associated family were recognized, PpDhn4-6. PpDhn1 and 6 have no introns, whereas the remaining four genes have a single intron located near the 3′ end of the serine (S) tract. PpDHN2 was the only dehydrin with a predicted basic pI; pI pred ...
... A new member of the C-repeat binding factor (CBF) encoding an AP2-domain protein was isolated from ripening oil palm (Elaeis guineensis var. Dura × Pisifera) fruit. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that EgCBF3 has an AP2 DNA binding domain containing 57 amino acids. According to the signature sequences found upstream and downstream of the AP2 domain, it was predicted that the deduced amino acid se ...