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1. Air gasification of biogas-derived digestate in a downdraft fixed bed gasifier

Author:
Chen, Guanyi; Guo, Xiang; Cheng, Zhanjun; Yan, Beibei; Dan, Zeng; Ma, Wenchao
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 162-169
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
air; anaerobic digestion; ash content; biochar; biomass; byproducts; fertilizers; gasification; melting; melting point; synthesis; temperature; waste management
Abstract:
... Digestate is a byproduct from biomass anaerobic digestion process. Gasification of dried digestate to produce gasesous product might be a promising route. In this work, air gasification of digestate with high ash content was performed in a downdraft fixed bed gasifier at temperature varying from 600°C to 800°C and air equivalence ratio (ER) ranging from 0.25 to 0.30. The ash melting properties wer ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.001

2. Analysis on carbon dioxide emission reduction during the anaerobic synergetic digestion technology of sludge and kitchen waste: Taking kitchen waste synergetic digestion project in Zhenjiang as an example

Author:
Guo, Qia; Dai, Xiaohu
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 360-364
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
air pollution; anaerobic digestion; carbon; carbon dioxide; concrete; emissions; engineering; greenhouse effect; greenhouse gases; kitchen waste; landfills; marshes; sewage; sewage treatment; sludge; China
Abstract:
... With the popularization of municipal sewage treatment facilities, the improvement of sewage treatment efficiency and the deepening degree of sewage treatment, the sludge production of sewage plant has been sharply increased. Carbon emission during the process of municipal sewage treatment and disposal has become one of the important sources of greenhouse gases that cause greenhouse effect. How to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.033

3. An optimization model for collection, haul, transfer, treatment and disposal of infectious medical waste: Application to a Greek region

Author:
Mantzaras, Gerasimos; Voudrias, Evangelos A.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 518-534
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
Monte Carlo method; algorithms; capital; computer software; energy costs; equations; geographic information systems; health services; hospitals; landfills; models; physicians; wastes; Greece; Macedonia
Abstract:
... The objective of this work was to develop an optimization model to minimize the cost of a collection, haul, transfer, treatment and disposal system for infectious medical waste (IMW). The model calculates the optimum locations of the treatment facilities and transfer stations, their design capacities (t/d), the number and capacities of all waste collection, transport and transfer vehicles and thei ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.037

4. A novel process for separation of hazardous poly(vinyl chloride) from mixed plastic wastes by froth flotation

Author:
Wang, Jianchao; Wang, Hui; Wang, Chongqing; Zhang, Lingling; Wang, Tao; Zheng, Long
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 59-65
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; calcium hypochlorite; contact angle; ethylene; particle size; plastics; poly(vinyl chloride); polyethylene terephthalates; polymethylmethacrylate; polystyrenes; scanning electron microscopy; vinyl chloride; waste management; wastes
Abstract:
... A novel method, calcium hypochlorite (CHC) treatment, was proposed for separation of hazardous poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic from mixed plastic wastes (MPWs) by froth flotation. Flotation behavior of single plastic indicates that PVC can be separated from poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene-co-styrene) (ABS), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC) and poly(methyl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.049

5. A practical approach for calculating the settlement and storage capacity of landfills based on the space and time discretization of the landfilling process

Author:
Gao, Wu; Xu, Wenjie; Bian, Xuecheng; Chen, Yunmin
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 202-214
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
algorithms; computer software; developing countries; geometry; kitchen waste; landfills; models; municipal solid waste; space and time; waste composition; China
Abstract:
... The settlement of any position of the municipal solid waste (MSW) body during the landfilling process and after its closure has effects on the integrity of the internal structure and storage capacity of the landfill. This paper proposes a practical approach for calculating the settlement and storage capacity of landfills based on the space and time discretization of the landfilling process. The MS ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.048

6. A review on technological options of waste to energy for effective management of municipal solid waste

Author:
Kumar, Atul; Samadder, S.R.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 407-422
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
anaerobic digestion; animals; biomass; case studies; coal; developing countries; economic sustainability; energy; energy recovery; feces; fuelwood; gasification; issues and policy; kerosene; municipal solid waste; natural gas; pyrolysis; waste disposal
Abstract:
... Approximately one-fourth population across the world rely on traditional fuels (kerosene, natural gas, biomass residue, firewood, coal, animal dung, etc.) for domestic use despite significant socioeconomic and technological development. Fossil fuel reserves are being exploited at a very fast rate to meet the increasing energy demands, so there is a need to find alternative sources of energy before ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.046

7. Assessing the costs of municipal solid waste treatment technologies in developing Asian countries

Author:
Aleluia, João; Ferrão, Paulo
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 592-608
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
anaerobic digestion; biological treatment; capital; composting; databases; decision making; developing countries; fuels; heat treatment; municipal solid waste; society; supply chain; waste disposal; waste treatment; Asia
Abstract:
... The management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the main costs incurred by local authorities in developing countries. According to some estimates, these costs can account for up to 50% of city government budgets. It is therefore of importance that policymakers, urban planners and practitioners have an adequate understanding of what these costs consist of, from collection to final waste dis ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.047

8. Biogas production from steer manures in Vietnam: Effects of feed supplements and tannin contents

Author:
Pham, Cuong H.; Saggar, Surinder; Vu, Cuong C.; Tate, Kevin R.; Tran, Thao T.T.; Luu, Thi T.; Ha, Hanh T.; Nguyen, Huong L.T.; Sommer, Sven G.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 492-497
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
biogas; cattle manure; developing countries; digesters; feed rations; feed supplements; greenhouse gas emissions; methane; methane production; mixing; rice straw; steers; temperature; urea; waste management; Vietnam
Abstract:
... In developing countries, the simple biogas digesters installed underground without heating or stirring are seen as a ‘green’ technology to convert animal waste into biogas, a source of bio-energy. However, quantitative estimates of biogas production of manures from steers fed local feed diets at actual incubation temperatures have yet to be carried out. The aim of this study was to determine the m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.002

9. Biomass ash reutilisation as an additive in the composting process of organic fraction of municipal solid waste

Author:
Asquer, Carla; Cappai, Giovanna; De Gioannis, Giorgia; Muntoni, Aldo; Piredda, Martina; Spiga, Daniela
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 127-135
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
biomass; calcium; composting; electrical conductivity; heavy metals; humification; magnesium; municipal solid waste; organic matter; pH; phosphorus; potassium; product quality; temperature; wood
Abstract:
... In this work the effects of selected types of biomass ash on the composting process and final product quality were studied by conducting a 96-day long experiment where the source separated organic fraction of municipal waste, mixed with wood prunings that served as bulking agent, was added with 0%, 2%, 4% and 8% wt/wt of biomass ash. The evolution over time of the main process parameters was obser ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.009

10. Characterization of methane oxidation in a simulated landfill cover system by comparing molecular and stable isotope mass balances

Author:
Schulte, Marcel; Jochmann, Maik A.; Gehrke, Tobias; Thom, Andrea; Ricken, Tim; Denecke, Martin; Schmidt, Torsten C.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 281-288
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
biodegradation; carbon dioxide; climate; image analysis; landfills; methane; microbial activity; oxidation; stable isotopes; temperature; topsoil
Abstract:
... Biological methane oxidation may be regarded as a method of aftercare treatment for landfills to reduce climate relevant methane emissions. It is of social and economic interest to estimate the behavior of bacterial methane oxidation in aged landfill covers due to an adequate long-term treatment of the gas emissions.Different approaches assessing methane oxidation in laboratory column studies have ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.032

11. Characterization of the constitutive behavior of municipal solid waste considering particle compressibility

Author:
Lü, Xilin; Zhai, Xinle; Huang, Maosong
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 3-12
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
compressibility; municipal solid waste; shear strength; simulation models; soil; waste management
Abstract:
... This paper presents a characterization of the mechanical behavior of municipal solid waste (MSW) under consolidated drained and undrained triaxial conditions. The constitutive model was established based on a deviatoric hardening plasticity model. A power form function and incremental hyperbolic form function were proposed to describe the shear strength and the hardening role of MSW. The stress ra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.003

12. Comparative environmental evaluation of construction waste management through different waste sorting systems in Hong Kong

Author:
Hossain, Md. Uzzal; Wu, Zezhou; Poon, Chi Sun
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 325-335
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
building construction; carbon dioxide; credit; data collection; ecosystem services; environmental assessment; environmental impact; environmental performance; greenhouse gases; guidelines; landfills; recycling; system boundary; transportation; waste composition; wastes; China
Abstract:
... This study aimed to compare the environmental performance of building construction waste management (CWM) systems in Hong Kong. Life cycle assessment (LCA) approach was applied to evaluate the performance of CWM systems holistically based on primary data collected from two real building construction sites and secondary data obtained from the literature. Different waste recovery rates were applied ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.043

13. Compost supplementation with nutrients and microorganisms in composting process

Author:
Sánchez, Óscar J.; Ospina, Diego A.; Montoya, Sandra
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 136-153
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
ammonia; composting; crops; feedstocks; genes; microorganisms; nitrogen; nutrient content; nutrients; phosphorus; potassium; research and development; soil; solid state fermentation; solubilization
Abstract:
... The composting is an aerobic, microorganism-mediated, solid-state fermentation process by which different organic materials are transformed into more stable compounds. The product obtained is the compost, which contributes to the improvement of physical, chemical and microbiological properties of the soil. However, the compost usage in agriculture is constrained because of its long-time action and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.012

14. Cost-effective treatment of swine wastes through recovery of energy and nutrients

Author:
Amini, Adib; Aponte-Morales, Veronica; Wang, Meng; Dilbeck, Merrill; Lahav, Ori; Zhang, Qiong; Cunningham, Jeffrey A.; Ergas, Sarina J.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 508-517
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
anaerobic digestion; biogas; concentrated animal feeding operations; cost effectiveness; energy; fertilizers; greenhouse gas emissions; ion exchange; life cycle costing; magnesium ammonium phosphate; methane production; nutrients; organic matter; potassium; swine; waste treatment; wastes; water quality; zeolites; United States
Abstract:
... Wastes from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) are challenging to treat because they are high in organic matter and nutrients. Conventional swine waste treatment options in the U.S., such as uncovered anaerobic lagoons, result in poor effluent quality and greenhouse gas emissions, and implementation of advanced treatment introduces high costs. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.041

15. Crude ethanolic extract from spent coffee grounds: Volatile and functional properties

Author:
Page, Julio C.; Arruda, Neusa P.; Freitas, Suely P.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 463-469
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
antioxidant activity; chemometrics; ethanol; food industry; functional properties; oils; volatile compounds; waste management
Abstract:
... Espresso capsule consumption and spent coffee ground (SCG) generation have increased, and the present study was undertaken to evaluate the volatile profile (VP), the antioxidant activity (AA) and the sun protection factor (SPF) of the Crude ethanolic extract obtained from the SCG in capsules. The extract yield was superior to the ether yield because a higher unsaponifiable matter (U.M.) amount was ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.043

16. Effect of a food waste disposer policy on solid waste and wastewater management with economic implications of environmental externalities

Author:
Maalouf, Amani; El-Fadel, Mutasem
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 455-462
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
carbon footprint; carbon markets; economic analysis; economic impact; emissions; energy recovery; food waste; issues and policy; life cycle inventory; models; organic foods; sludge; solid wastes; viability; waste composition; wastewater
Abstract:
... In this study, the carbon footprint of introducing a food waste disposer (FWD) policy was examined in the context of its implications on solid waste and wastewater management with economic assessment of environmental externalities emphasizing potential carbon credit and increased sludge generation. For this purpose, a model adopting a life cycle inventory approach was developed to integrate solid ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.008

17. Effect of iron sulphate on the phosphorus speciation from agro-industrial sludge based and sewage sludge based compost

Author:
Grigatti, Marco; Boanini, Elisa; Di Biase, Giampaolo; Marzadori, Claudio; Ciavatta, Claudio
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 353-359
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
composting; fertilizers; fractionation; green waste; hydrochloric acid; mineralization; organic wastes; pH; phosphorus; sewage sludge; sodium hydroxide; soil; sulfates; wastewater
Abstract:
... Composting is considered a suitable process for organic waste management, providing stable products that can be safely utilized as fertilizers, but little is still known about the variation of phosphorous (P) extractability during the stabilization process. In this work, sequential chemical extraction (SCE) with increasing strength extractants (H2O; 0.5M NaHCO3 pH 8.5; 0.1M NaOH, 1M HCl) was appli ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.029

18. Electricity production and sludge reduction by integrating microbial fuel cells in anoxic-oxic process

Author:
Xiao, Benyi; Luo, Meng; Wang, Xiao; Li, Zuoxing; Chen, Hong; Liu, Junxin; Guo, Xuesong
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 346-352
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
activated sludge; chemical oxygen demand; electricity; energy; microbial fuel cells; municipal wastewater; nitrogen content; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... To produce energy and reduce sludge production from the treatment of municipal wastewater, four identical microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were constructed in an anoxic–oxic (A/O) process (MFCs-A/O system). Experimental results indicated that this system enhance the removals of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN). The electricity produced by each MFC were ranged from 0.371 to 0.477V (v ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.046

19. Environmental comparison of alternative treatments for sewage sludge: An Italian case study

Author:
Lombardi, Lidia; Nocita, Cristina; Bettazzi, Elena; Fibbi, Donatella; Carnevale, Ennio
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 365-376
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
acidification; case studies; composting; dewatering; ecosystems; ecotoxicology; electricity; energy recovery; environmental performance; eutrophication; fossil fuels; freshwater; global warming; humans; landfills; life cycle assessment; oxidation; ozonosphere; photochemistry; sewage sludge; sewage treatment; toxicity
Abstract:
... A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was applied to compare different alternatives for sewage sludge treatment: such as land spreading, composting, incineration, landfill and wet oxidation. The LCA system boundaries include mechanical dewatering, the alternative treatment, transport, and final disposal/recovery of residues. Cases of recovered materials produced as outputs from the systems, were resolved ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.040

20. Environmental performance of household waste management in Europe - An example of 7 countries

Author:
Andreasi Bassi, Susanna; Christensen, Thomas H.; Damgaard, Anders
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 545-557
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
attributional life cycle assessment; ecosystem services; electricity; energy; environmental impact; environmental performance; glass; heat; metals; paper; recycling; waste composition; wastes; Denmark; France; Germany; Greece; Italy; Poland; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... An attributional life cycle assessment (LCA) of the management of 1ton of household waste was conducted in accordance with ISO 14044:2006 and the ILCD Handbook for seven European countries, namely Germany, Denmark, France, UK, Italy, Poland and Greece, representing different household waste compositions, waste management practices, technologies, and energy systems. National data were collected fro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.042

21. Evolution of nitrogen species in landfill leachates under various stabilization states

Author:
Zhao, Renzun; Gupta, Abhinav; Novak, John T.; Goldsmith, C. Douglas
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 225-231
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
ammonium nitrogen; biodegradability; biodegradation; hydrophilicity; landfill leachates; landfills; nitrogen; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; waste management
Abstract:
... In this study, nitrogen species in landfill leachates under various stabilization states were investigated with emphasis on organic nitrogen. Ammonium nitrogen was found to be approximately 1300mg/L in leachates from younger landfill units (less than 10years old), and approximately 500mg/L in leachates from older landfill units (up to 30years old). The concentration and aerobic biodegradability of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.041

22. Factors affecting the shear strength behavior of municipal solid wastes

Author:
Pulat, Hasan Firat; Yukselen-Aksoy, Yeliz
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 215-224
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
cohesion; friction; landfills; municipal solid waste; organic matter; shear strength; waste composition; Turkey (country); United States
Abstract:
... In this study, the shear strength behavior of European (E-1), Turkey (T-1), and United States of America (U-1) average synthetic municipal solid waste (MSW) compositions were investigated. The large-scale direct shear tests were conducted using fresh and aged MSW samples collected from the Manisa Landfill. The natural samples’ test results were compared with synthetic samples. The affecting factor ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.030

23. Hydrothermal carbonization of food waste for nutrient recovery and reuse

Author:
Idowu, Ifeolu; Li, Liang; Flora, Joseph R.V.; Pellechia, Perry J.; Darko, Samuel A.; Ro, Kyoung S.; Berge, Nicole D.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 480-491
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
calcium; fertilizers; food waste; hydrochars; hydrothermal carbonization; laboratory experimentation; leaching; magnesium; nitrogen; nutrient availability; nutrients; phosphorus; potassium; restaurants; sodium; temperature; waste management; United States
Abstract:
... Food waste represents a rather large and currently underutilized source of potentially available and reusable nutrients. Laboratory-scale experiments evaluating the hydrothermal carbonization of food wastes collected from restaurants were conducted to understand how changes in feedstock composition and carbonization process conditions influence primary and secondary nutrient fate. Results from thi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.051

24. Impact of co-landfill proportion of bottom ash and municipal solid waste composition on the leachate characteristics during the acidogenesis phase

Author:
He, Pin-Jing; Pu, Hong-Xia; Shao, Li-Ming; Zhang, Hua
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 232-241
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
alkaline earth metals; alkalinity; ammonium nitrogen; biodegradability; bottom ash; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; electrical conductivity; environmental factors; hydrolysis; landfills; municipal solid waste; neutralization; nitrogen; organic matter; pH; recycling; risk; volatile fatty acids; waste composition
Abstract:
... Incineration has become an important municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment strategy, and generates a large amount of bottom ash (BA). Although some BA is reused, much BA and pretreatment residues from BA recycling are disposed in landfill. When BA and MSW are co-landfilled together, acid neutralization capacity and alkaline earth metal dissolution of BA, as well as different components of MSW may ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.021

25. Investigating the efficiency of co-composting and vermicomposting of vinasse with the mixture of cow manure wastes, bagasse, and natural zeolite

Author:
Alavi, Nadali; Daneshpajou, Monavvar; Shirmardi, Mohammad; Goudarzi, Gholamreza; Neisi, Abdolkazem; Babaei, Ali Akbar
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 117-126
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
Eisenia fetida; agricultural industry; bagasse; carbon; cattle manure; cell respiration; earthworms; ethanol; fermentation; fertilizers; germination; pH; phosphorus; potassium; soil amendments; sugarcane; vermicomposting; vinasse; zeolites
Abstract:
... Fermentation of ethanol as a product of sugarcane agro-industry causes the discharge of large amounts of a liquid waste called vinasse into the environment. In this study, co-composting followed by vermicomposting process of the mixtures of vinasse, cow manure, and chopped bagasse was performed for 60days using earthworms of Eisenia fetida species. The results showed that the trend of changes in C ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.039

26. Kinetic study of dry anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and cardboard for methane production

Author:
Capson-Tojo, Gabriel; Rouez, Maxime; Crest, Marion; Trably, Eric; Steyer, Jean-Philippe; Bernet, Nicolas; Delgenès, Jean-Philippe; Escudié, Renaud
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 470-479
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
ammonia; anaerobic digestion; cardboard; dried foods; food waste; inoculum; methane; methane production; organic matter; propionic acid; total solids; urban areas; volatile fatty acids; waste treatment
Abstract:
... Dry anaerobic digestion is a promising option for food waste treatment and valorization. However, accumulation of ammonia and volatile fatty acids often occurs, leading to inefficient processes and digestion failure. Co-digestion with cardboard may be a solution to overcome this problem. The effect of the initial substrate to inoculum ratio (0.25 to 1gVS·gVS⁻¹) and the initial total solids content ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.09.002

27. Laboratory simulations of the mixed solvent extraction recovery of dominate polymers in electronic waste

Author:
Zhao, Yi-Bo; Lv, Xu-Dong; Yang, Wan-Dong; Ni, Hong-Gang
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 393-399
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; ambient temperature; carbon dioxide; electronic wastes; energy; environmental impact; greenhouse gas emissions; landfills; models; plastics; polystyrenes; solvents; styrene
Abstract:
... The recovery of four dominant plastics from electronic waste (e-waste) using mixed solvent extraction was studied. The target plastics included polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and styrene acrylonitrile (SAN). The extraction procedure for multi-polymers at room temperature yielded PC, PS, ABS, and SAN in acceptable recovery rates (64%, 86%, 127%, and 143 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.018

28. Landfill gas distribution at the base of passive methane oxidation biosystems: Transient state analysis of several configurations

Author:
Ahoughalandari, Bahar; Cabral, Alexandre R.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 298-314
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
landfills; mathematical models; methane; oxidation
Abstract:
... The design process of passive methane oxidation biosystems needs to include design criteria that account for the effect of unsaturated hydraulic behavior on landfill gas migration, in particular, restrictions to landfill gas flow due to the capillary barrier effect, which can greatly affect methane oxidation rates. This paper reports the results of numerical simulations performed to assess the lan ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.027

29. Life cycle inventory and mass-balance of municipal food waste management systems: Decision support methods beyond the waste hierarchy

Author:
Edwards, Joel; Othman, Maazuza; Crossin, Enda; Burn, Stewart
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 577-591
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
air; biological treatment; emissions; energy balance; food waste; human health; inventories; landfills; life cycle inventory; management systems; managers; pollutants; recycling; system boundary; water balance
Abstract:
... When assessing the environmental and human health impact of a municipal food waste (FW) management system waste managers typically rely on the principles of the waste hierarchy; using metrics such as the mass or rate of waste that is ‘prepared for recycling,’ ‘recovered for energy,’ or ‘sent to landfill.’ These metrics measure the collection and sorting efficiency of a waste system but are incapab ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.011

30. Marine litter from beach-based sources: Case study of an Eastern Mediterranean coastal town

Author:
Portman, Michelle E.; Brennan, Ruth E.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 535-544
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
beaches; case studies; issues and policy; managers; plastics; researchers; socioeconomics; surveys; waste management; wastes; Mediterranean Sea
Abstract:
... Marine litter has been a serious and growing problem for some decades now. Yet, there is still much speculation among researchers, policy makers and planners about how to tackle marine litter from land-based sources. This paper provides insights into approaches for managing marine litter by reporting and analyzing survey results of litter dispersal and makeup from three areas along an Arab-Israeli ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.040

31. Mechanical and chemical recycling of solid plastic waste

Author:
Ragaert, Kim; Delva, Laurens; Van Geem, Kevin
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 24-58
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
catalytic cracking; gasification; hydrogen; packaging; polyethylene terephthalates; pyrolysis; recycling; wastes
Abstract:
... This review presents a comprehensive description of the current pathways for recycling of polymers, via both mechanical and chemical recycling. The principles of these recycling pathways are framed against current-day industrial reality, by discussing predominant industrial technologies, design strategies and recycling examples of specific waste streams. Starting with an overview on types of solid ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.044

32. Methods to estimate the transfer of contaminants into recycling products – A case study from Austria

Author:
Knapp, Julika; Allesch, Astrid; Müller, Wolfgang; Bockreis, Anke
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 88-100
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
case studies; compliance; qualitative analysis; quality control; quantitative analysis; recycling; risk; toxic substances; wastes; Austria
Abstract:
... Recycling of waste materials is desirable to reduce the consumption of limited primary resources, but also includes the risk of recycling unwanted, hazardous substances. In Austria, the legal framework demands secondary products must not present a higher risk than comparable products derived from primary resources. However, the act provides no definition on how to assess this risk potential.This p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.035

33. Microwave induced plasma for solid fuels and waste processing: A review on affecting factors and performance criteria

Author:
Ho, Guan Sem; Faizal, Hasan Mohd; Ani, Farid Nasir
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 423-430
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
atmospheric pressure; carbon; energy; fuels; gasification; heat; hydrogen production; microwave radiation; microwave treatment; oxygen; researchers; steam; synthesis gas; temperature; waste management; wastes
Abstract:
... High temperature thermal plasma has a major drawback which consumes high energy. Therefore, non-thermal plasma which uses comparatively lower energy, for instance, microwave plasma is more attractive to be applied in gasification process. Microwave-induced plasma gasification also carries the advantages in terms of simplicity, compactness, lightweight, uniform heating and the ability to operate un ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.015

34. Nano-carbons from waste tyre rubber: An insight into structure and morphology

Author:
Maroufi, Samane; Mayyas, Mohannad; Sahajwalla, Veena
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 110-116
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-radiation; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; carbon nanoparticles; cost effectiveness; diameter; landfills; photons; rubber; scanning electron microscopy; surface area; temperature; tires; wastes
Abstract:
... This study reports on the novel and sustainable synthesis of high value carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) from waste tyre rubber (WTR), using an innovative high temperature approach. As waste tyres are composed, primarily, of carbon – accounting for some 81.2wt% – they represent a promising source of carbon for many potential applications. However, cost-effective options for their processing are limited ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.020

35. Neutralization of cement-asbestos waste by melting in an arc-resistance furnace

Author:
Witek, Jerzy; Kusiorowski, Robert
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 336-345
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
additives; asbestos; computer simulation; databases; electric furnaces; melting; neutralization; waste disposal; wastes
Abstract:
... The paper presents the results of research on asbestos waste disposal by the melting process. The tests were carried out in a laboratory arc-resistance electric furnace. The obtained results showed that the fibrous structure of asbestos contained in cement-asbestos waste was completely destroyed. This led to the formation of new mineral phases without dangerous properties. The melting test was con ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.017

36. Nitrogen removal from digested slurries using a simplified ammonia stripping technique

Author:
Provolo, Giorgio; Perazzolo, Francesca; Mattachini, Gabriele; Finzi, Alberto; Naldi, Ezio; Riva, Elisabetta
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 154-161
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
air; air flow; ammonia; anaerobic digestion; animal manure management; animal manures; biogas; carbon dioxide; electric power; environmental impact; mixing; nitrogen; nitrogen content; pH; slurries; sodium hydroxide; temperature
Abstract:
... This study assessed a novel technique for removing nitrogen from digested organic waste based on a slow release of ammonia that was promoted by continuous mixing of the digestate and delivering a continuous air stream across the surface of the liquid. Three 10-day experiments were conducted using two 50-L reactors. In the first two, nitrogen removal efficiencies were evaluated from identical diges ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.047

37. N2O emissions from an intermittently aerated semi-aerobic aged refuse bioreactor: Combined effect of COD and NH4+-N in influent leachate

Author:
Li, Weihua; Sun, Yingjie; Bian, Rongxing; Wang, Huawei; Zhang, Dalei
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 242-249
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
ammonium nitrogen; biodegradability; bioreactors; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; chemical oxygen demand; denitrification; glucose; greenhouse gas emissions; nitrification; nitrous oxide; solid wastes; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... The carbon–nitrogen ratio (COD/NH4⁺-N) is an important factor affecting nitrification and denitrification in wastewater treatment; this factor also influences nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. This study investigated two simulated intermittently aerated semi-aerobic aged refuse bioreactors (SAARB) filled with 8-year old aged refuse (AR). The research analyzed how differences in and the combination of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.022

38. Optimization of first order decay gas generation model parameters for landfills located in cold semi-arid climates

Author:
Vu, Hoang Lan; Ng, Kelvin Tsun Wai; Richter, Amy
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 315-324
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
landfills; methane production; models; semiarid zones; wastes; Saskatchewan
Abstract:
... Canada has one of the highest waste generation rates in the world. Because of high land availability, land disposal rates in the province of Saskatchewan are high compared to the rest of the country. In this study, landfill gas data was collected at semi-arid landfills in Regina and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, and curve fitting was carried out to find optimal k and Lo or DOC values using LandGEM, Afv ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.028

39. PLASMIX management: LCA of six possible scenarios

Author:
Cossu, R.; Garbo, F.; Girotto, F.; Simion, F.; Pivato, A.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 567-576
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
additives; emissions; energy recovery; furnaces; heat treatment; heavy metals; life cycle assessment; models; plastics; toxic substances; washing; wastes
Abstract:
... Only a small percentage of the separately collected plastic is recycled. The mechanical selection process of source segregated plastic materials generates considerable amounts of residues that are commonly named as Plasmix. By means of a life cycle assessment (LCA) modelling, the environmental performances of the main Plasmix management options (thermal treatment, energy recovery, and landfilling) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.007

40. Plastic waste to liquid oil through catalytic pyrolysis using natural and synthetic zeolite catalysts

Author:
Miandad, R.; Barakat, M.A.; Rehan, M.; Aburiazaiza, A.S.; Ismail, I.M.I.; Nizami, A.S.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 66-78
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; alkanes; alkenes; azulene; benzene; catalysts; energy; ethylbenzene; feedstocks; fuel production; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; mixing; naphthalene; oils; phenol; polypropylenes; polystyrenes; pyrolysis; styrene; toluene; waste management; wastes; zeolites
Abstract:
... This study aims to examine the catalytic pyrolysis of various plastic wastes in the presence of natural and synthetic zeolite catalysts. A small pilot scale reactor was commissioned to carry out the catalytic pyrolysis of polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and their mixtures in different ratios at 450°C and 75min. PS plastic waste resulted in the highest liquid oil yield of 54 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.032

41. Product quality and microbial dynamics during vermicomposting and maturation of compost from pig manure

Author:
Villar, Iria; Alves, David; Mato, Salustiano
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 498-507
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
Eisenia andrei; acid phosphatase; bacteria; earthworms; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase; enzyme activity; fungi; microbial biomass; microbial communities; phospholipid fatty acids; pig manure; product quality; vermicomposting; vermicomposts
Abstract:
... This research evaluates, through microbial dynamics, the use of earthworms Eisenia andrei for maturation of pre-composted pig manure in comparison with maturation under static conditions and with vermicomposting of fresh pig manure. Therefore, two substrates were used (fresh and pre-composted pig manure) and four treatments were developed: fresh manure vermicomposting, control of fresh manure with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.031

42. Recycling of plastic waste: Screening for brominated flame retardants (BFRs)

Author:
Pivnenko, K.; Granby, K.; Eriksson, E.; Astrup, T.F.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 101-109
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
bromine; hexabromocyclododecane; humans; markets; molecular weight; monitoring; packaging materials; plastics; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polystyrenes; recycling; risk; screening; stereoisomers; styrene; wastes
Abstract:
... Flame retardants are chemicals vital for reducing risks of fire and preventing human casualties and property losses. Due to the abundance, low cost and high performance of bromine, brominated flame retardants (BFRs) have had a significant share of the market for years. Physical stability on the other hand, has resulted in dispersion and accumulation of selected BFRs in the environment and receivin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.038

43. Research and demonstration results for a new “Double-Solution” technology for municipal solid waste treatment

Author:
Erping, Li; Haoyun, Chen; Yanyang, Shang; Jun, Pan; Qing, Hu
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 558-566
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; biomass; byproducts; carbon dioxide; chemical bonding; energy balance; equipment; financial economics; gases; leather; methane; municipal solid waste; paper; pyrolysis; rural areas; sawdust; temperature; waste treatment; wavelengths
Abstract:
... In this paper, the pyrolysis characteristics of six typical components in municipal solid waste (MSW) were investigated through a TG-FTIR combined technique and it was concluded that the main pyrolysis process of the biomass components (including food residues, sawdust and paper) occurred at 150–600°C. The main volatiles were multi-component gas including H2O, CO2, and CO. The main pyrolysis tempe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.026

44. Response of methanotrophic activity to extracellular polymeric substance production and its influencing factors

Author:
He, Ruo; Ma, Ruo-Chan; Yao, Xing-Zhi; Wei, Xiao-Meng
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 289-297
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
Methylosinus sporium; ammonium nitrogen; biofilters; cell growth; environmental factors; greenhouse gas emissions; landfills; methane; methane production; methanotrophs; models; oxidation; oxygen; pH; temperature
Abstract:
... The accumulation of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) is speculated to be related with the decrease of CH4 oxidation rate after a peak in long-term laboratory landfill covers and biofilters. However, few data have been reported about EPS production of methanotrophs and its feedback effects on methanotrophic activity. In this study, Methylosinus sporium was used asa model methanotroph to inve ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.019

45. Review on landfill leachate treatment by electrochemical oxidation: Drawbacks, challenges and future scope

Author:
Mandal, Pubali; Dubey, Brajesh K.; Gupta, Ashok K.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 250-273
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
ammonium nitrogen; anodes; biochemical oxygen demand; biodegradability; biological treatment; bioreactors; cathodes; chemical oxygen demand; decision making; electrochemistry; electrolytes; geometry; landfill leachates; life cycle assessment; mass transfer; organic matter; oxidation; pH; pollutants; temperature; waste management
Abstract:
... Various studies on landfill leachate treatment by electrochemical oxidation have indicated that this process can effectively reduce two major pollutants present in landfill leachate; organic matter and ammonium nitrogen. In addition, the process is able to enhance the biodegradability index (BOD/COD) of landfill leachate, which make mature or stabilized landfill leachate suitable for biological tr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.034

46. Selective recovery of silver from waste low-temperature co-fired ceramic and valorization through silver nanoparticle synthesis

Author:
Swain, Basudev; Shin, Dongyoon; Joo, So Yeong; Ahn, Nak Kyoon; Lee, Chan Gi; Yoon, Jin-Ho
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 79-87
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
carbon; ceramics; cost effectiveness; cradle-to-cradle; leaching; manufacturing; nanosilver; recycling; semiconductors; silver; silver chloride; temperature; value added; waste disposal; wastes
Abstract:
... Considering the value of silver metal and silver nanoparticles, the waste generated during manufacturing of low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) were recycled through the simple yet cost effective process by chemical-metallurgy. Followed by leaching optimization, silver was selectively recovered through precipitation. The precipitated silver chloride was valorized though silver nanoparticle syn ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.024

47. Statistical analysis of solid waste composition data: Arithmetic mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficients

Author:
Edjabou, Maklawe Essonanawe; Martín-Fernández, Josep Antoni; Scheutz, Charlotte; Astrup, Thomas Fruergaard
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 13-23
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
animal-based foods; arithmetics; confidence interval; correlation; food waste; packaging; solid wastes; vegetables; waste composition; waste management
Abstract:
... Data for fractional solid waste composition provide relative magnitudes of individual waste fractions, the percentages of which always sum to 100, thereby connecting them intrinsically. Due to this sum constraint, waste composition data represent closed data, and their interpretation and analysis require statistical methods, other than classical statistics that are suitable only for non-constraine ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.036

48. Status and perspectives of municipal solid waste incineration in China: A comparison with developed regions

Author:
Lu, Jia-Wei; Zhang, Sukun; Hai, Jing; Lei, Ming
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 170-186
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
European Union; air pollution; combustion; compliance; developing countries; elemental composition; emissions; fluidized beds; incinerators; issues and policy; municipal solid waste; pollution control; waste incineration; China; Japan; South Korea; Taiwan; United States
Abstract:
... With the rapid expansion of municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration, the applicability, technical status, and future improvement of MSW incineration attract much attention in China. This paper aims to be a sensible response, with the aid of a comparison between China and some representative developed regions including the EU, the U.S., Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan area. A large number of up-to- ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.04.014

49. Study of the physicochemical effects on the separation of the non-metallic fraction from printed circuit boards by inverse flotation

Author:
Flores-Campos, R.; Estrada-Ruiz, R.H.; Velarde-Sánchez, E.J.
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 400-406
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
air; bubbles; contact angle; hydrophobicity; metals; milling; recycling; sustainable technology; temperature
Abstract:
... Recycling printed circuit boards using green technology is increasingly important due to the metals these contain and the environmental care that must be taken when separating the different materials. Inverse flotation is a process that can be considered a Green Technology, which separates metallic from non-metallic fractions. The degree of separation depends on how much material is adhered to air ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.049

50. Supporting mobile WEEE collection on demand: A method for multi-criteria vehicle routing, loading and cost optimisation

Author:
Nowakowski, Piotr; Król, Aleksander; Mrówczyńska, Bogna
Source:
Waste management 2017 v.69 pp. 377-392
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
European Union; algorithms; business enterprises; case studies; cities; computer software; cost effectiveness; electronic equipment; electronic wastes; fuzzy logic; issues and policy; linear models; recycling; Poland
Abstract:
... The task of increasing collection rates of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is an important challenge in the global economy, and especially in the European Union where stiffer collection targets set out in a new WEEE directive are to be effective by 2019. As the circular economy approach replaces the linear model, resource recycling activities become a priority in waste management ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.045