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- Author:
- Zhangzhong, Lili; Yang, Peiling; Zheng, Wengang; Wang, Caiyuan; Zhang, Chong; Niu, Minglei
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- arid zones; calcium carbonate; flowering; fouling; freshwater; fruiting; irrigated farming; microirrigation; models; saline water; tomatoes; China
- Abstract:
- ... Saline water is a major resource for agricultural irrigation in arid-semi arid regions, especially when it is combined with drip irrigation. However, highly saline water can easily cause clogging of the emitters in drip irrigation systems, adversely affecting crop growth. Hence, a 2a processing tomatoes drip irrigation study was conducted in Hetao irrigation district. The chemical clogging of the ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030345
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030345
- Author:
- Magnuszewski, Piotr; Królikowska, Karolina; Koch, Anna; Pająk, Michal; Allen, Craig; Chraibi, Victoria; Giri, Anil; Haak, Danielle; Hart, Noelle; Hellman, Michelle; Pan, Donald; Rossman, Nathan; Sendzimir, Jan; Sliwinski, Maggi; Stefańska, Joanna; Taillieu, Tharsi; Weide, Denise Marie; Zlatar, Ilonka
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- case studies; decision making; issues and policy; protocols; river valleys; stakeholders; surveys; water management
- Abstract:
- ... The growing complexity and interdependence of water management processes requires the involvement of multiple stakeholders in water governance. Multi-party collaboration is increasingly vital at both the strategy development and implementation levels. Multi-party collaboration involves a process of joint decision-making among key stakeholders in a problem domain directed towards the future of that ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030346
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030346
- Author:
- Marino, Giulia; Caruso, Tiziano; Ferguson, Louise; Marra, Francesco Paolo
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- Olea europaea; carbon dioxide; climate change; data collection; ecophysiology; environmental factors; genotype; irrigation rates; irrigation scheduling; leaves; olives; photosynthesis; stomatal conductance; water potential; water stress; water supply; water use efficiency
- Abstract:
- ... With climate change and decreased water supplies, interest in irrigation scheduling based on plant water status is increasing. Stem water potential (ΨSWP) thresholds for irrigation scheduling in olive have been proposed, however, a physiologically-based evaluation of their reliability is needed. A large dataset collected at variable environmental conditions, growing systems, and genotyp ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030342
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030342
- Author:
- Ursitti, Armando; Giannoccaro, Giacomo; Prosperi, Maurizio; De Meo, Emilio; de Gennaro, Bernardo C.
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- environmental enrichment; farmers; groundwater; groundwater extraction; irrigation management; operating costs; prices; Italy
- Abstract:
- ... Volumetric pricing as envisaged within the Water Framework Directive (60/2000) is a considerable challenge in terms of irrigation in Mediterranean regions, since a large share of the water source is groundwater. Enforcing this pricing scheme involves systematic metering and control (M&C) systems with subsequent high costs. This paper aims to fill the gap in the literature related to the assess ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030344
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030344
- Author:
- Missall, Siegmund; Abliz, Abdulla; Halik, Ümüt; Thevs, Niels; Welp, Martin
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- Populus; afforestation; agricultural extension; agroforestry; biodiversity; cities; desertification; dust; dust storms; ecosystem engineering; ecosystem services; evapotranspiration; household surveys; interviews; irrigation; irrigation water; orchards; protection forests; riparian forests; river water; rivers; shelterbelts; social welfare; stakeholders; sustainable development; urban areas; China
- Abstract:
- ... Cities at the fringe of the Taklimakan desert in NW China are prone to dust and sand storms with serious consequences for human well-being. The Kökyar Protection Forest was established in the 1980s as an ecological engineering project with the intent of protecting the city of Aksu, NW China, from these impacts. It is designed as a combination of poplar shelterbelts and orchards, irrigated by river ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030343
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030343
- Author:
- Li, Xinyan; Wu, Hao; Qian, Hui; Gao, Yanyan
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- Permian period; aquifers; carbonates; case studies; cluster analysis; geochemistry; groundwater; groundwater flow; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; ion exchange; isotopes; mixing; oxygen; physicochemical properties; silicates; water quality; weathering; China
- Abstract:
- ... Knowledge of hydrochemical processes in groundwater helps to identify the relationship between geochemical processes and groundwater quality as well as to understand the hydrochemical evaluation of groundwater, which is important for the sustainable management of groundwater resources. This study aims to identify the chemical characteristics of groundwater in the area of Tongchuan City, China. A t ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030338
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030338
- Author:
- Fuentes-Peñailillo, Fernando; Ortega-Farías, Samuel; Acevedo-Opazo, César; Fonseca-Luengo, David
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- Landsat; Olea europaea; eddy covariance; evapotranspiration; growing season; latent heat flux; meteorological data; microirrigation; models; net radiation; olives; orchards; phenology; remote sensing; soil heat flux
- Abstract:
- ... A study was carried out to evaluate the potential use of the two-source Shuttleworth and Wallace (SW) model to compute the intra-orchard spatial variability of actual evapotranspiration (ET) of olive trees using satellite images and ground-based climate data. The study was conducted in a drip-irrigated olive orchard using satellite images (Landsat 7 ETM+), which were acquired on clear sky days dur ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030339
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030339
- Author:
- Uysal, Gökçen; Alvarado-Montero, Rodolfo; Schwanenberg, Dirk; Şensoy, Aynur
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- branches; case studies; decision making; flood control; models; stream flow; trees; uncertainty; Turkey (country)
- Abstract:
- ... Optimal control of reservoirs is a challenging task due to conflicting objectives, complex system structure, and uncertainties in the system. Real time control decisions suffer from streamflow forecast uncertainty. This study aims to use Probabilistic Streamflow Forecasts (PSFs) having a lead-time up to 48 h as input for the recurrent reservoir operation problem. A related technique for decision m ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030340
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030340
- Author:
- Lee, Jong Seok; Lee, Min Hyeok; Chun, Yoon-Young; Lee, Kun Mo
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- crop production; hydrologic data; models; probability distribution; rice; temporal variation; uncertainty; uncertainty analysis; water shortages; watersheds; Korean Peninsula
- Abstract:
- ... The purpose of this paper is to compare the degree of uncertainty of the water scarcity footprint using the Monte Carlo statistical method and block bootstrap method. Using the hydrological data of a water drainage basin in Korea, characterization factors based on the available water remaining (AWARE) model were obtained. The uncertainties of the water scarcity footprint considering temporal varia ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030341
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030341
- Author:
- Razzaghmanesh, Mostafa; Beecham, Simon
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- bitumen; cleaning; climatic factors; concrete; infiltration rate; pavements; rain; rain intensity; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Understanding clogging mechanisms in permeable pavements can help optimize the required maintenance regime. In this review paper, methods for investigating clogging mechanisms are described. These include surface infiltration methods, the use of embedded sensors, and the development of modelling tools. Previously conducted surface infiltration tests indicate the importance of the age of a permeabl ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030337
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030337
- Author:
- Segura, Daniela; Carrillo, Valentina; Remonsellez, Francisco; Araya, Marcelo; Vidal, Gladys
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- drinking water; men; municipal wastewater; public opinion; sewage treatment; surveys; water shortages; women; Chile
- Abstract:
- ... The objective of this study was to compare the public perception in desert and rainy regions of Chile regarding the reuse of treated sewage water. The methodology of this study consisted of applying a survey to the communities of San Pedro de Atacama (desert region) and Hualqui (rainy region) to identify attitudes about the reuse of sewage water. The survey was applied directly to men and women, 1 ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030334
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030334
- Author:
- Ozsahin, Emre; Duru, Umit; Eroglu, Ilker
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation; basins; land degradation; land use and land cover maps; remote sensing; risk; soil erosion; temporal variation; uncertainty; Europe
- Abstract:
- ... Soil erosion is a major environmental and economic concern affecting all continents around the world. Soil loss facilitates land degradation, threatening both agricultural and natural environments in continental Europe. The overall objective of the present study is to reveal temporal changes of erosion risk in the Maritsa Basin, and also assess the temporal effects of land use and land cover chang ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030335
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030335
- Author:
- Caloiero, Tommaso; Sirangelo, Beniamino; Coscarelli, Roberto; Ferrari, Ennio
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- Monte Carlo method; atmospheric precipitation; databases; models; rain gauges; stochastic processes; Italy; Mediterranean region
- Abstract:
- ... The present article investigates dry and wet periods in a large area of the Mediterranean basin. First, a stochastic model was applied to a homogeneous database of monthly precipitation values of 46 rain gauges in five regions of southern Italy. In particular, after estimating the model parameters, a set of 104 years of monthly precipitation for each rain gauge was generated by means of a Monte Ca ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030336
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030336
- Author:
- Weerakoon, G. M. P. R.; Jinadasa, K. B. S. N.; Herath, G. B. B.; Mowjood, M. I. M.; Ng, W. J.
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- agricultural runoff; agricultural watersheds; ammonium nitrogen; biochemical oxygen demand; boiling; case studies; coliform bacteria; constructed wetlands; drainage; fecal bacteria; human population; models; nitrate nitrogen; nutrients; pesticides; streams; subsurface flow; tea; total suspended solids; water quality; Sri Lanka
- Abstract:
- ... Water in agricultural catchments is prone to pollution from agricultural runoff containing nutrients and pesticides, and contamination from the human population working and residing therein. This study examined the quality of water in a drainage stream which runs through a congested network of ‘line houses’ (low-income housing, typically found arranged in straight ‘lines’ on estates) in the tea es ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030332
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030332
- Author:
- Du, Ming-yuan; Zeng, Lan-mu; Wang, Xiao-lin
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- crystallization; electrolytes; energy; industrialization; models; nanofiltration; reverse osmosis; salinity; sodium chloride; sodium sulfate; thermodynamics; wastewater; wastewater treatment
- Abstract:
- ... Nanofiltration (NF) coupling processes have been applied to treat high salinity wastewater in many studies. The main reason that affects the industrialization of the wastewater treatment is the high cost, which is mainly caused by the energy consumption of the entire system. Therefore, how to evaluate the energy consumption of different process configurations is an important issue. In this work, a ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030331
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030331
- Author:
- Zhang, Minxi; Dolatshah, Azam; Zhu, Wenlong; Yu, Guoliang
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- case studies; environmental health; eutrophication; lakes; pollutants; turbidity; water distribution; water quality
- Abstract:
- ... Eutrophication in lakes and reservoirs is a serious environmental problem that has damaged ecosystem health worldwide. Water diversion is one of the most popular methods for improving the water quality in shallow lakes, as it dilutes pollutants in and diverts them out of the lake. However, simple diversion without rational water distribution cannot significantly enhance water exchange in the entir ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030333
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030333
- Author:
- Robina-Ramírez, Rafael; Sañudo-Fontaneda, Luis A.
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; case studies; ethics; least squares; sanitation; wastewater; water management; water policy; South Africa
- Abstract:
- ... Since 1996, the South African government has undertaken a considerable project to fulfil the proclaimed right of citizens to access sufficient water and sanitation (Government of South Africa, 1996) through traditional water management and water governance. However, democracy has not yet provided significant improvements to informal dwellers. Doornkop (Soweto) is a clear example of a community fig ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030330
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030330
- Author:
- Bae, Seungjong; Lee, Sang-Hyun; Yoo, Seung-Hwan; Kim, Taegon
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- Food and Agriculture Organization; autumn; drought; equations; evapotranspiration; probability; water management; winter; South Korea
- Abstract:
- ... The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of drought, such as intensity and trends, based on SPEI (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index) at 8 stations in South Korea from 1981 to 2010. The traditional SPEI is based on the Thornthwaite equation for estimating evapotranspiration; SPEI_th. However, a standard of agricultural water management in Korea suggests the FAO Penm ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030327
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030327
- Author:
- Leon, Arturo S.; Tang, Yun; Chen, Duan; Yolcu, Ahmet; Glennie, Craig; Pennings, Steven C.
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- case studies; coastal plains; cost benefit analysis; drainage channels; ecosystem services; ecosystems; flood control; rain; water storage; wetlands; Texas
- Abstract:
- ... In this study, we assess the costs and benefits of dynamic management of water storage to improve flood control in a system of wetlands. This management involves releasing water from wetlands ahead of (e.g., a few hours or days before) a rainfall event that is forecasted to produce flooding. Each project site may present different challenges and topographical conditions, however as long as there i ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030325
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030325
- Author:
- He, Li; Chen, Dong; Zhang, Shiyan; Liu, Meng; Duan, Guanglei
- Source:
- Water 2018 v.10 no.3
- ISSN:
- 2073-4441
- Subject:
- dams (hydrology); equations; hydrograph; rivers; sediment transport; sediments; stream channels; suspended sediment; China; Yangtze River
- Abstract:
- ... The sediment regime in the Jingjiang river reach of the middle Yangtze River has been significantly changed from quasi-equilibrium to unsaturated since the impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD). Vertical profiles of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and sediment flux can be adopted to evaluate the sediment regime at the local and reach scale, respectively. However, the connection between ...
- DOI:
- 10.3390/w10030329
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10030329