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You searched for: Journal name Water research Remove constraint Journal name: Water research Subject term buildings Remove constraint Subject term: buildings
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1. Effects of design flow and treatment level on construction and operation costs of municipal wastewater treatment plants and their implications on policy making

Author:
Friedler, E.; Pisanty, E.
Source:
Water research 2006 v.40 no.20 pp. 3751-3758
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
water pollution; pollution control; operating costs; equations; wastewater treatment; equipment design; policy analysis; processing equipment; electrical equipment; buildings; Israel
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2006.08.015
PubMed:
17028062

2. Parameters predictive of Legionella contamination in hot water systems: Association with trace elements and heterotrophic plate counts

Author:
Annalisa Bargellini; Isabella Marchesi; Elena Righi; Angela Ferrari; Stefano Cencetti; Paola Borella; Sergio Rovesti
Source:
Water research 2011 v.45 no.6 pp. 2315-2321
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Legionella pneumophila; biofilm; buildings; copper; hardness; iron; manganese; niches; plate count; regression analysis; risk; temperature; zinc
Abstract:
... The contamination of hot water samples with Legionella spp. was studied in relation to temperature, total hardness, trace element concentrations (iron, zinc, manganese, and copper) and heterotrophic plate counts (HPC) at both 22 and 37 °C. Factor analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to establish the cut-off of water parameters as predictors for Legionella contamina ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2011.01.009
PubMed:
21316728

3. Roof selection for rainwater harvesting: Quantity and quality assessments in Spain

Author:
Ramon Farreny; Tito Morales-Pinzón; Albert Guisasola; Carlota Tayà; Joan Rieradevall; Xavier Gabarrell
Source:
Water research 2011 v.45 no.10 pp. 3245-3254
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
buildings; carbon; carbonates; cities; clay; gravel; harvesting; models; plastics; rain; roughness; stormwater; tiles; total suspended solids; urban areas; urban planning; urban runoff; water harvesting; water supply; Spain
Abstract:
... Roofs are the first candidates for rainwater harvesting in urban areas. This research integrates quantitative and qualitative data of rooftop stormwater runoff in an urban Mediterranean-weather environment. The objective of this paper is to provide criteria for the roof selection in order to maximise the availability and quality of rainwater. Four roofs have been selected and monitored over a peri ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2011.03.036
PubMed:
21492898

4. Impact of advanced water conservation features and new copper pipe on rapid chloramine decay and microbial regrowth

Author:
Caroline Nguyen; Carolyn Elfland; Marc Edwards
Source:
Water research 2012 v.46 no.3 pp. 611-621
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
aluminum; buildings; drinking water; laboratory experimentation; microorganisms; odors; pH; pipes; regrowth; taste; temperature; water conservation; water quality
Abstract:
... Taste and odor issues occurring in new buildings were attributed to rapid loss of chloramine residual, high levels of microbes in the potable water system, and high water age due to use of advanced water conservation devices. Laboratory experiments confirmed that chloramine could decay rapidly in the presence of new copper pipe, providing a possible explanation for the rapid disinfectant loss in t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2011.11.006
PubMed:
22153355

5. Understanding how brass ball valves passing certification testing can cause elevated lead in water when installed

Author:
Simoni Triantafyllidou; Meredith Raetz; Jeffrey Parks; Marc Edwards
Source:
Water research 2012 v.46 no.10 pp. 3240-3250
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
buildings; certification; drinking water; leaching; lead; sanitation
Abstract:
... The lead leaching potential of new brass plumbing devices has come under scrutiny as a significant source of lead in drinking water (>300 μg/L) of new buildings around the world. Experiments were conducted using ball valves that were sold as certified and known to have caused problems in practice, in order to better understand how installed products could create such problems, even if they passed ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2012.03.022
PubMed:
22520861

6. Effect of GAC pre-treatment and disinfectant on microbial community structure and opportunistic pathogen occurrence

Author:
Hong Wang; Marsha A. Pryor; Marc A. Edwards; Joseph O. Falkinham; Amy Pruden
Source:
Water research 2013 v.47 pp. 5760-5772
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Acanthamoeba; Amoeba; Legionella; Mycobacterium avium; activated carbon; bacteria; biofilm; biofilters; biofiltration; buildings; chlorine; community structure; disinfectants; drinking water; genes; microbial communities; pathogen occurrence; pathogens; pretreatment; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA; sequence analysis; water distribution
Abstract:
... Opportunistic pathogens in potable water systems are an emerging health concern; however, the factors influencing their proliferation are poorly understood. Here we investigated the effects of prior granular activated carbon (GAC) biofiltration [GAC-filtered water, unfiltered water, and a blend (30% GAC filtered and 70% unfiltered water)] and disinfectant type (chlorine, chloramine) on opportunist ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2013.06.052
PubMed:
23906775

7. Urban net-zero water treatment and mineralization: Experiments, modeling and design

Author:
James D. Englehardt; Tingting Wu; George Tchobanoglous
Source:
Water research 2013 v.47 pp. 4680-4691
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
aeration; ambient temperature; bioreactors; buildings; chemical oxygen demand; denitrification; disinfection; drinking water; drugs; economics; ecosystems; energy; half life; hydrogen peroxide; laboratory techniques; mineral content; mineralization; minerals; models; nitrogen; oxidation; pH; pesticides; rain; sludge; toxicity; ultrafiltration; wastewater; wastewater treatment; United States
Abstract:
... Water and wastewater treatment and conveyance account for approximately 4% of US electric consumption, with 80% used for conveyance. Net zero water (NZW) buildings would alleviate demands for a portion of this energy, for water, and for the treatment of drinking water for pesticides and toxic chemical releases in source water. However, domestic wastewater contains nitrogen loads much greater than ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.026
PubMed:
23770482

8. Biocides in urban wastewater treatment plant influent at dry and wet weather: Concentrations, mass flows and possible sources

Author:
Ulla E. Bollmann; Camilla Tang; Eva Eriksson; Karin Jönsson; Jes Vollertsen; Kai Bester
Source:
Water research 2014 v.60 pp. 64-74
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
biocides; buildings; carbendazim; cleaning; coatings; diuron; emissions; equipment; gardening; insulating materials; leaching; mecoprop; propiconazole; rain; sewage; terbutryn; wastewater treatment; watersheds; wind; wood; wood preservatives; Denmark; Sweden
Abstract:
... In recent years, exterior thermal insulation systems became more and more important leading to an increasing amount of houses equipped with biocide-containing organic façade coatings or fungicide treated wood. It is known that these biocides, e.g. terbutryn, carbendazim, and diuron, as well as wood preservatives as propiconazole, leach out of the material through contact with wind driven rain. Hen ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2014.04.014

9. Design and development of green roof substrate to improve runoff water quality: Plant growth experiments and adsorption

Author:
K. Vijayaraghavan; Franklin D. Raja
Source:
Water research 2014 v.63 pp. 94-101
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Portulaca grandiflora; heavy metals; lead; sand; leachates; porosity; iron; bulk density; cadmium; air; sodium; runoff; metal ions; plant growth; water quality; copper; total dissolved solids; calcium; leaching; potassium; buildings; chromium; biomass; water holding capacity; perlite; hydraulic conductivity; adsorption; mixing; zinc; vermiculite; chemical analysis; green roofs; magnesium; bricks; aluminum; nickel
Abstract:
... Many studies worldwide have investigated the potential benefits achievable by transforming brown roofs of buildings to green roofs. However, little literature examined the runoff quality/sorption ability of green roofs. As the green roof substrate is the main component to alter the quality of runoff, this investigation raises the possibility of using a mixture of low-cost inorganic materials to de ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2014.06.012

10. Dynamics of biocide emissions from buildings in a suburban stormwater catchment – Concentrations, mass loads and emission processes

Author:
Ulla E. Bollmann; Jes Vollertsen; Jan Carmeliet; Kai Bester
Source:
Water research 2014 v.56 pp. 66-76
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
biocides; buildings; carbamates; carbendazim; diuron; emissions; isoproturon; mecoprop; propiconazole; rain; rain intensity; stormwater; stormwater sewer systems; surface water; tebuconazole; terbutryn; watersheds; wood
Abstract:
... Biocides such as isothiazolinones, carbamates, triazines, phenylureas, azoles and others are used to protect the surfaces of buildings, e.g. painted or unpainted render or wood. These biocides can be mobilized from the materials if rainwater gets into contact with these buildings. Hence, these biocides will be found in rainwater runoff (stormwater) from buildings that is traditionally managed as “ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2014.02.033

11. Release of drinking water contaminants and odor impacts caused by green building cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plumbing systems

Author:
Keven M. Kelley; Alexandra C. Stenson; Rajarashi Dey; Andrew J. Whelton
Source:
Water research 2014 v.67 pp. 19-32
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
United States Environmental Protection Agency; absorbance; antioxidants; buildings; carbon; chlorine; crosslinking; disinfectants; environmental protection; manufacturing; maximum contaminant level; odor compounds; odors; pipes; polyethylene; pyridines; solvents; tap water; toluene; water pollution; water quality; United States
Abstract:
... Green buildings are increasingly being plumbed with crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) potable water pipe. Tap water quality was investigated at a six month old plumbing system and chemical and odor quality impacts of six PEX pipe brands were examined. Eleven PEX related contaminants were found in the plumbing system; one regulated (toluene) and several unregulated: Antioxidant degradation products, r ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2014.08.051

12. Adaptation of Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium dimerum to the specific aquatic environment provided by the water systems of hospitals

Author:
Christian Steinberg; Julie Laurent; Véronique Edel-Hermann; Marie Barbezant; Nathalie Sixt; Frédéric Dalle; Serge Aho; Alain Bonnin; Philippe Hartemann; Marc Sautour
Source:
Water research 2015 v.76 pp. 53-65
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Fusarium oxysporum; agar; amphotericin B; aquatic environment; biofilm; buildings; clones; coatings; copper sulfate; epidemiological studies; fungi; fungicide resistance; genes; glucose; hospitals; pipes; sodium hypochlorite; soil; temperature; translation (genetics); water distribution; France
Abstract:
... Members of the Fusarium group were recently detected in water distribution systems of several hospitals in the world. An epidemiological investigation was conducted over 2 years in hospital buildings in Dijon and Nancy (France) and in non-hospital buildings in Dijon. The fungi were detected only within the water distribution systems of the hospital buildings and also, but at very low concentration ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.036

13. Bisphenol diglycidyl ethers and bisphenol A and their hydrolysis in drinking water

Author:
R.F. Lane; C.D. Adams; S.J. Randtke; R.E. Carter
Source:
Water research 2015 v.72 pp. 331-339
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
bisphenol A; buildings; coatings; drinking water; epoxides; estrogenic properties; ethers; half life; hospitals; humans; hydrolysis; ingestion; leachates; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; models; pH; pipes; surface water; tanks
Abstract:
... Epoxy coatings are commonly used to protect the interior (and exterior) surfaces of water mains and storage tanks and can be used on the interior surfaces of water pipes in homes, hospitals, hotels, and other buildings. Common major components of epoxies include bisphenols, such as bisphenol A (BPA) or bisphenol F (BPF), and their reactive prepolymers, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisp ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.043

14. Evaluation of the potential for operating carbon neutral WWTPs in China

Author:
Xiaodi Hao; Ranbin Liu; Xin Huang
Source:
Water research 2015 v.87 pp. 424-431
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
anaerobic digestion; buildings; carbon; chemical oxygen demand; electricity; energy balance; heat pumps; models; sludge; solar collectors; tanks; wastewater; wastewater treatment; water pollution; China
Abstract:
... Carbon neutrality is starting to become a hot topic for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) all over the world, and carbon neutral operations have emerged in some WWTPs. Although China is still struggling to control its water pollution, carbon neutrality will definitely become a top priority for WWTPs in the near future. In this review, the potential for operating carbon neutral WWTPs in China is ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.050

15. Principles for scaling of distributed direct potable water reuse systems: A modeling study

Author:
Tianjiao Guo; James D. Englehardt
Source:
Water research 2015 v.75 pp. 146-163
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
algorithms; buildings; capital; chemical oxygen demand; detection limit; drinking water; energy; energy costs; hormones; landscapes; models; nutrients; rural areas; rural housing; suburban areas; systems engineering; wastewater; water reuse
Abstract:
... Scaling of direct potable water reuse (DPR) systems involves tradeoffs of treatment facility economy-of-scale, versus cost and energy of conveyance including energy for upgradient distribution of treated water, and retention of wastewater thermal energy. In this study, a generalized model of the cost of DPR as a function of treatment plant scale, assuming futuristic, optimized conveyance networks, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.033

16. Spatial distribution of Legionella pneumophila MLVA-genotypes in a drinking water system

Author:
Sarah Rodríguez-Martínez; Yehonatan Sharaby; Marina Pecellín; Ingrid Brettar; Manfred Höfle; Malka Halpern
Source:
Water research 2015 v.77 pp. 119-132
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Legionella pneumophila; bacteria; biofilm; buildings; chlorine; cold; correlation; drinking water; environmental factors; genotype; monitoring; multiple-locus variable number tandem-repeat analysis; plate count; pneumonia; serotypes; summer; water distribution; Israel
Abstract:
... Bacteria of the genus Legionella cause water-based infections, resulting in severe pneumonia. To improve our knowledge about Legionella spp. ecology, its prevalence and its relationships with environmental factors were studied. Seasonal samples were taken from both water and biofilm at seven sampling points of a small drinking water distribution system in Israel. Representative isolates were obtai ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2015.03.010

17. Evaluation of exposure to lead from drinking water in large buildings

Author:
Elise Deshommes; Robert C. Andrews; Graham Gagnon; Tim McCluskey; Brad McIlwain; Evelyne Doré; Shokoufeh Nour; Michèle Prévost
Source:
Water research 2016 v.99 pp. 46-55
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
World Health Organization; acute exposure; adults; blood; buildings; children; data collection; drinking water; elementary schools; ingestion; lead; models; risk; Canada
Abstract:
... Lead results from 78,971 water samples collected in four Canadian provinces from elementary schools, daycares, and other large buildings using regulatory and investigative sampling protocols were analyzed to provide lead concentration distributions. Maximum concentrations reached 13,200 and 3890 μg/L following long and short stagnation periods respectively. High lead levels were persistent in some ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.050

18. Impact of water quality on chlorine demand of corroding copper

Author:
Darren A. Lytle; Jennifer Liggett
Source:
Water research 2016 v.92 pp. 11-21
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Legionella; buildings; chlorine; copper; corrosion; disinfectants; drinking water; hospitals; ions; minerals; orthophosphates; oxidation; pH; pathogens; pipes; water quality
Abstract:
... Copper is widely used in drinking water premise plumbing system materials. In buildings such as hospitals, large and complicated plumbing networks make it difficult to maintain good water quality. Sustaining safe disinfectant residuals throughout a building to protect against waterborne pathogens such as Legionella is particularly challenging since copper and other reactive distribution system mat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.032

19. Prevalence of Legionella in premise plumbing in Hungary

Author:
Zsófia Barna; Mihály Kádár; Emese Kálmán; Anita Scheirich Szax; Márta Vargha
Source:
Water research 2016 v.90 pp. 71-78
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Legionella pneumophila; buildings; disinfection; filtration; groundwater; health services; hospitals; monitoring; prioritization; risk assessment; risk factors; schools; serotypes; surface water; water quality; Hungary
Abstract:
... Legionella is one of the emerging concerns of water quality in built water environments. Premise plumbing systems are among the recognised sources of infection. In the present study, colonisation of hot water networks in health care facilities, schools, hotels, private residences, office and industrial buildings was investigated. Data was analysed in connection with building and premise plumbing c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2015.12.004

20. Sampling in schools and large institutional buildings: Implications for regulations, exposure and management of lead and copper

Author:
Evelyne Doré; Elise Deshommes; Robert C. Andrews; Shokoufeh Nour; Michèle Prévost
Source:
Water research 2018 v.140 pp. 110-122
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
buildings; children; copper; corrosion; lead; public water supply; remediation; risk; sampling; schools
Abstract:
... Legacy lead and copper components are ubiquitous in plumbing of large buildings including schools that serve children most vulnerable to lead exposure. Lead and copper samples must be collected after varying stagnation times and interpreted in reference to different thresholds. A total of 130 outlets (fountains, bathroom and kitchen taps) were sampled for dissolved and particulate lead as well as ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2018.04.045

21. Role of hot water temperature and water system use on Legionella control in a tertiary hospital: An 8-year longitudinal study

Author:
Laura Gavaldà; Marian Garcia-Nuñez; Sara Quero; Carmen Gutierrez-Milla; Miquel Sabrià
Source:
Water research 2019 v.149 pp. 460-466
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Legionella; buildings; confidence interval; hospitals; longitudinal studies; multivariate analysis; odds ratio; risk; water supply; water temperature
Abstract:
... Although measures to minimize Legionella colonization in sanitary hot water installations are well established, there is little evidence of their long-term effectiveness in hospital buildings. During an 8-year period, hot water in a large hospital building was sampled monthly in areas with suitable dimensioning and recirculation and in areas with dead legs and low-use taps. In the former areas, th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.032

22. White bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as a sorbent for the removal of zinc from rainwater

Author:
Mónica P.S. Ferreira; Patrícia S.M. Santos; Maria T. Caldeira; Ana C. Estrada; João P. da Costa; Teresa Rocha-Santos; Armando C. Duarte
Source:
Water research 2019 v.162 pp. 170-179
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Phaseolus vulgaris; buildings; chemical structure; models; navy beans; pH; rain; reflectance; sorbents; sorption; zinc
Abstract:
... The present work aimed to assess the sorption capacity of the common white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to remove Zn(II) from rainwater, rendering it suitable for use in buildings, and the efficiency of the process was evaluated for two initial Zn(II) concentrations, representing high (100 μg L-1) and very high (500 μg L−1) levels of Zn(II) in rainwater. The effects of the amount of beans (1, 5 an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.064

23. Wide-scale study of 206 buildings in the Netherlands from 2011 to 2015 to determine the effect of drinking water management plans on the presence of Legionella spp.

Author:
Wilco van der Lugt; Sjoerd M. Euser; Jacob P. Bruin; Jeroen W. den Boer; Ed P.F. Yzerman
Source:
Water research 2019 v.161 pp. 581-589
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Legionella pneumophila; buildings; drinking water; geographical variation; risk assessment; serotypes; water management; Netherlands
Abstract:
... Previous analysis of the Dutch National Legionella Outbreak Detection Program 2002–2012 has shown that buildings required to maintain a Legionella control plan for their drinking water installation are more likely to test positive for Legionella spp. Than buildings without such a plan (38% versus 22% of samples). To clarify this discrepancy, we analysed the results of mandatory water sample testin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.043