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You searched for: Journal Weed science Remove constraint Journal: Weed science Publication Year 2002 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2002 Source 2002 v.50 no.3 Remove constraint Source: 2002 v.50 no.3
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1. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of foliar-applied CGA 362622 in cotton, peanut, and selected weeds

Author:
Askew, Shawn D.; Wilcut, John W.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 293-298
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; Datura stramonium; Gossypium hirsutum; Senna obtusifolia; absorption; cotton; foliar application; half life; herbicides; leaves; meristems; metabolism; metabolites; peanuts; sodium; weeds
Abstract:
... Studies were conducted to evaluate absorption, translocation, and metabolism of ¹⁴C-CGA 362622 when foliar applied to cotton, peanut, jimsonweed, and sicklepod. Differential metabolism is the basis for tolerance in cotton and jimsonweed. In addition, cotton absorbs less herbicide compared with the other three species, thus aiding in tolerance. Only jimsonweed translocated appreciable herbicide (25 ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0293:ATAMOF]2.0.CO;2

2. Assessment of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis as a biocontrol agent for Canada thistle

Author:
Gronwald, John W.; Plaisance, Kathryn L.; Ide, Donald A.; Wyse, Donald L.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 397
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Cirsium arvense; Glycine max; Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis; biological control agents; biological control; field experimentation; chlorophyll; leaves; shoots; application rate; application timing; Minnesota
Abstract:
... Growth chamber and field experiments were conducted to assess the potential of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis (Pst) as a biocontrol agent for Canada thistle. Silwet L-77, an organosilicone surfactant, was required to facilitate Pst penetration into Canada thistle leaves. Growth chamber experiments indicated that maximum Pst populations inside leaves were obtained with a Silwet L-77 concentration ...
Handle:
10113/14486
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0397:AOPSPT]2.0.CO;2

3. Clomazone dissipation in four Tasmanian topsoils

Author:
Cumming, John P.; Doyle, Richard B.; Brown, Philip H.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 405-409
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
clay; clomazone; crops; desorption; equations; field experimentation; half life; hysteresis; sand; silt; soil types; weed science
Abstract:
... Clomazone dissipation was examined in four soils in field experiments. Field half-lives were 6 to 59 d (average of four field sites was 35 d) for ferrosol (clay loam), kurosol (loamy sand), sodosol (silt loam), and vertosol (light clay). The Hoerl equation provided a better fit to the measured field concentration at all four sites than did a first-order equation. The order of clomazone dissipation ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0405:CDIFTT]2.0.CO;2

4. Economic assessment of diclosulam and flumioxazin in strip- and conventional-tillage peanut

Author:
Clewis, Scott B.; Askew, Shawn D.; Wilcut, John W.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 378-385
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; Chenopodium album; Cyperus esculentus; Eclipta prostrata; Ipomoea; Sida spinosa; acifluorfen; bentazon; clethodim; conventional tillage; crop yield; cultivars; diclosulam; dimethenamid; economic analysis; flumioxazin; grasses; management systems; peanuts; weed control; weeds; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Experiments were conducted in Lewiston, NC, in 1999 and 2000 and Rocky Mount, NC, in 1999 to evaluate weed management systems in strip- and conventional-tillage peanut. The peanut cultivars grown were ‘‘NC 10C’’, ‘‘NC 12C’’, and ‘‘NC 7’’, respectively. Weed management systems consisted of different combinations of preemergence (PRE) herbicides including diclosulam and flumioxazin plus commercial p ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0378:EAODAF]2.0.CO;2

5. Effect of in-row cultivation, herbicides, and dry bean canopy on weed seedling emergence

Author:
Amador-Ramirez, Mario D.; Wilson, Robert G.; Martin, Alex R.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 370-377
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Amaranthus retroflexus; Chenopodium album; Panicum miliaceum subsp. ruderale; Phaseolus vulgaris; Solanum physalifolium var. nitidibaccatum; Solanum sarrachoides; canopy; disturbed soils; dry beans; equations; ethalfluralin; field experimentation; growing season; heat sums; hoeing; in-row tillage; seedling emergence; seedlings; weeds
Abstract:
... Field experiments were conducted in 1996 and 1997 to evaluate the effect of EPTC (S-ethyl dipropyl carbamothioate) plus ethalfluralin at 2.4 plus 0.83 kg ai ha⁻⁻¹, rotary hoeing, in-row cultivation, rotary hoeing plus in-row cultivation, and dry bean canopy on weed seedling emergence. Cumulative weed emergence in 1996 and 1997 was similar in cropped and noncropped areas. Herbicides were more effec ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0370:EOIRCH]2.0.CO;2

6. Effects of MT-101 and NOP on germination and seedling growth of hemp sesbania and rice

Author:
Hirase, Kangetsu; Molin, William T.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 386
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
height; plant characteristics; Gossypium hirsutum; Sesbania; Sesbania exaltata; Oryza sativa; herbicides; metabolites; phytotoxicity; seed germination; seedling growth; plant density; application rate; application timing; species differences
Abstract:
... The effects of MT-101 and its herbicidally active form, NOP, on the germination and seedling growth of hemp sesbania and rice were investigated. MT-101 decreased the germination of hemp sesbania by 57 and 90%% at 0.05 and 0.5 mM, respectively, 1 d after treatment (DAT) in petri dishes. The germination, however, recovered such that there was no significant difference between treatments 4 to 6 DAT. ...
Handle:
10113/14485
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0386:EOMANO]2.0.CO;2

7. Growth response of velvetleaf to three postemergence herbicides

Author:
Murphy, Cheryl A.; Lindquist, John L.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 364-369
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Abutilon theophrasti; Zea mays; application rate; corn; crop yield; dicamba; field experimentation; flumiclorac; halosulfuron; integrated weed management; leaf area index; leaves; mechanism of action; mortality; pesticide application; postemergent weed control; weeds
Abstract:
... Knowledge of how reduction in the rate of herbicide application or rotation of their mode of action influences weed growth will provide insight into how successful these practices will be in an integrated weed management program. Field experiments were conducted in 1996 and 1997 to quantify velvetleaf growth response to three postemergence herbicides, each with a different mode of action. A monocu ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0364:GROVTT]2.0.CO;2

8. Identification of red rice, rice, and hybrid populations using microsatellite markers

Author:
Gealy, David R.; Tai, Thomas H.; Sneller, Clay H.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 333
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Oryza sativa; hybridization; genetic markers; microsatellite repeats; outcrossing; genetic variation; cultivars
Abstract:
... Red rice is a major weed in rice production in the southern United States. Red rice and rice intercross because they are the same species. Our objectives were to determine the genetic diversity represented by accessions of red rice and to identify DNA markers that might be useful in identifying hybrids between red and cultivated rice. Red rice accessions were collected from Arkansas and other rice ...
Handle:
10113/14298
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0333:IORRRA]2.0.CO;2

9. Influence of simulated seed rain on the seed bank of wild-proso millet

Author:
Williams, Bill J.; Harvey, R. Gordon
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 340-343
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Glycine max; Panicum miliaceum subsp. ruderale; Zea mays; buried seeds; corn; field experimentation; seed dispersal; soil; soybeans; spring; weed science
Abstract:
... A field experiment was conducted between 1988 and 1993 to determine the number of wild-proso millet seed that could be returned to the soil without increasing future soil seed bank populations. The first seed bank (1988) was 15,300 seed m⁻⁻² and ranged from 14,000 to 21,000 seed m⁻⁻², which represented a high seed population for the area. Seed rain treatments of 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48%% of the 19 ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0340:IOSSRO]2.0.CO;2

10. Influence of wild radish on yield and quality of canola

Author:
Blackshaw, Robert E.; Lemerle, Deirdre; Mailer, Rodney; Young, Ken R.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 344-349
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Brassica napus; Raphanus raphanistrum; annual weeds; canola; crop yield; development aid; erucic acid; field experimentation; glucosinolates; growers; radishes; New South Wales
Abstract:
... Wild radish is a prevalent annual weed throughout the cropping regions of southern Australia. Field experiments were conducted at Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, in 1998 and 1999 to determine the effect of various densities and emergence times of wild radish on yield and quality of canola and on wild radish seed production. As few as 4 wild radish m⁻⁻² emerging with canola reduced canola yield 9 to ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0344:IOWROY]2.0.CO;2

11. Ladysthumb interference and seed production in cotton

Author:
Askew, Shawn D.; Wilcut, John W.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 326-332
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; Polygonum persicaria; biomass; lint cotton; lint yield; models; plant density; plant growth; planting; weeds
Abstract:
... Studies were conducted to determine the effect of interference between ladysthumb and cotton on plant growth and productivity. Ladysthumb remained shorter than cotton until at least 70 d after cotton planting. However, ladysthumb grew over twice as tall as cotton and, depending on plant density, produced between 179 and 681 g dry biomass per plant by cotton harvest. Ladysthumb biomass per plant wa ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0326:LIASPI]2.0.CO;2

12. Molecular analysis of cloransulam resistance in a population of giant ragweed

Author:
Patzoldt, William L.; Tranel, Patrick J.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 299-305
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Ambrosia trifida; Arabidopsis thaliana; DNA; acetolactate synthase; alleles; amino acid substitution; chlorimuron; cloransulam; commercialization; cross resistance; imazethapyr; leaves; leucine; tryptophan; weed science; Indiana
Abstract:
... A population of giant ragweed not controlled by cloransulam was identified near Seymour, IN, during the first year of that herbicide's commercialization in 1998. Results from acetolactate synthase (ALS) activity assays performed by Dow AgroSciences showed that resistance was caused by an altered ALS. Studies were conducted to define more precisely the molecular basis of resistance and to determine ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0299:MAOCRI]2.0.CO;2

13. Pale smartweed interference and achene production in cotton

Author:
Askew, Shawn D.; Wilcut, John W.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 357-363
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; Persicaria lapathifolia; biomass; cotton; fruits; models; plant growth; planting; weeds; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Field studies were conducted at two North Carolina locations to determine the effect of interference between pale smartweed and cotton on plant growth and productivity. Pale smartweed remained shorter than cotton until at least 70 d after cotton planting. However, pale smartweed grew over twice as tall as cotton and produced considerable dry biomass by cotton harvest. Pale smartweed biomass per pl ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0357:PSIAAP]2.0.CO;2

14. Pennsylvania smartweed interference and achene production in cotton

Author:
Askew, Shawn D.; Wilcut, John W.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 350-356
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; Polygonum pensylvanicum; biomass; ferns and fern allies; fruits; lint cotton; lint yield; plant growth; planting; weeds; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Studies were conducted to determine the effect of interference between Pennsylvania smartweed and cotton on plant growth and productivity. Pennsylvania smartweed remained shorter than cotton until at least 80 d after cotton planting. However, Pennsylvania smartweed produced considerable dry biomass by cotton harvest. Pennsylvania smartweed biomass per plant was not affected by weed density when gr ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0350:PSIAAP]2.0.CO;2

15. Pollen-mediated gene flow in wild oat

Author:
Murray, Bruce G.; Morrison, Ian N.; Friesen, Lyle F.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 321-325
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Avena fatua; Linum usitatissimum; Triticum aestivum; acetyl-CoA carboxylase; crops; evolution; field experimentation; flax; gene flow; herbicide resistance; hills; homozygosity; hybrids; oats; outcrossing; planting; pollen; progeny; screening; seeds; sethoxydim; spring wheat; viability; weed science
Abstract:
... Two separate field experiments were conducted to quantify the degree of plant-to-plant outcrossing and pollen-mediated gene flow (PMGF) in wild oat. The purpose of the study was to determine the extent to which pollen movement could contribute to the spread of herbicide resistance in this species. In both experiments, an acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor––resistant (R) wild oat genotype (UM1) was u ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0321:PMGFIW]2.0.CO;2

16. Response of acetolactate synthase from imidazolinone-susceptible and -resistant smooth pigweed toALS inhibitors

Author:
Poston, Daniel H.; Hirata, Cecilia Mucha; Wilson, Henry P.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 306-311
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Amaranthus hybridus; acetolactate synthase; chlorimuron; cross resistance; data collection; enzyme activity; greenhouses; imazethapyr; pyrithiobac; regression analysis; thifensulfuron; weed science
Abstract:
... As a follow-up to greenhouse studies, acetolactate synthase (ALS) (EC 4.1.3.18) was extracted from one imidazolinone (IMI)-susceptible (S) and three IMI-resistant (R1, R2, and R3) smooth pigweed populations, and activity was assayed in the presence of imazethapyr, chlorimuron, thifensulfuron, and pyrithiobac. ALS inhibitor concentrations, required to reduce enzyme activity by a specified percentag ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0306:ROASFI]2.0.CO;2

17. Response of maize varieties to transplanting in Striga-infested fields

Author:
Oswald, Andreas; Ransom, Joel K.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 392-396
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Striga hermonthica; Zea mays; biomass; corn; direct seeding; field experimentation; grain yield; harvest index; parasitism; seedlings; weed science
Abstract:
... Striga hermonthica reduces cereal yields in large areas of sub-Saharan Africa. Recent research has shown that transplanting maize seedlings that are more than 15 d old reduced Striga emergence and improved crop yields. Field experiments were conducted in 1998 and 1999 to determine whether maize varieties with different maturity periods and susceptibility to Striga parasitism respond similarly to t ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0392:ROMVTT]2.0.CO;2

18. Review: Multivariate analysis in weed science research

Author:
Kenkel, N. C.; Derksen, D. A.; Thomas, A. G.; Watson, P. R.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 281-292
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
data collection; discriminant analysis; models; multivariate analysis; soil; weeds
Abstract:
... Data containing many variables are often collected in weed science research, but until recently few weed scientists have used multivariate statistical methods to examine such data. Multivariate analysis can be used for both descriptive and predictive modeling. This paper provides an intuitive geometric introduction to the more commonly used and relevant multivariate methods in weed science researc ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0281:RMAIWS]2.0.CO;2

19. Spring wheat seed size and seeding rate affect wild oat demographics

Author:
Xue, Qingwu; Stougaard, Robert N.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 312-320
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Avena fatua; Triticum aestivum; biomass; crop yield; cropping systems; herbicides; inflorescences; oats; profits and margins; sowing; spring wheat; weed science
Abstract:
... Wild oat continues to reduce spring wheat yields and profits despite the wide spread use of herbicides. Further reductions in the occurrence of wild oat could be achieved with the development of competitive cropping systems. Field studies were conducted to investigate the effects of wheat seed size and seeding rate on wild oat demographic processes under a range of wild oat densities. Spring wheat ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0312:SWSSAS]2.0.CO;2

20. 50th Anniversary——Invited Article: Challenges and opportunities for integrated weed management

Author:
Buhler, Douglas D.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 273-280
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
control methods; cropping systems; economic impact; herbicide-resistant weeds; herbicides; integrated weed management; scientists; systems engineering
Abstract:
... Despite several decades of modern weed control practices, weeds continue to be a constant threat to agricultural productivity. Herbicide-resistant weeds and weed population shifts continue to generate new challenges for agriculture. Because of weed community complexity, integrated approaches to weed management may help reduce economic effects and improve weed control practices. Integrated weed man ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0273:AIAAOF]2.0.CO;2