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You searched for: Journal name new phytologist Remove constraint Journal name: new phytologist Publication year rev 8000-2000 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 8000-2000 Source 2000 v.148 no.2 Remove constraint Source: 2000 v.148 no.2
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1. Why do basic research? A lesson from commercial exploitation of miscanthus

Author:
U. Jørgensen; K.‐U. Schwarz
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 190-193
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Miscanthus; agricultural policy; ecophysiology; energy; energy crops; frost resistance; genotype; grasses; hybrids; overwintering; triploidy; East Asia; Europe
Abstract:
... Extended areas of new crops to produce not only food, but also energy and materials, was one of the visions when the EU agricultural policy was reformed in 1992. However, this vision remains unfulfilled. The perennial C₄ grass Miscanthus, originating from eastern Asia, was one of the crops that caught major interest as a potential biomass crop due to its high productivity even in cool northern Eur ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00768.x

2. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi might alleviate aluminium toxicity in banana plants

Author:
G. RUFYIKIRI; S. DECLERCK; J. E. DUFEY; B. DELVAUX
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 343-352
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Rhizophagus intraradices; aluminum; bananas; biomass production; calcium; cultivars; food crops; leaves; magnesium; micropropagation; mineral content; mycorrhizal fungi; nutrient solutions; nutrient uptake; phosphorus content; plant growth; potassium; sand; toxicity; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae
Abstract:
... Some mycorrhizal plants exhibit greater resistance than nonmycorrhizal plants to aluminium toxicity. This has not yet been shown for banana despite its importance as a cash and food crop in tropical regions, although bananas are sensitive to aluminium stress. We studied the effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices in alleviating aluminium toxicity in the banana cultivar Gra ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00761.x

3. Overwintering problems of newly established Miscanthus plantations can be overcome by identifying genotypes with improved rhizome cold tolerance

Author:
J. C. CLIFTON‐BROWN; I. LEWANDOWSKI
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 287-294
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
biomass production; carbohydrate content; energy crops; frost; frost resistance; genotype; grasses; hybrids; mineral content; osmotic pressure; overwintering; rhizomes; sap; summer; temperature; Denmark; England; Germany; Northern European region; Sweden
Abstract:
... Miscanthus, a perennial rhizomatous C₄ grass, is a potential biomass crop in Europe, mainly because of its high yield potential and low demand for inputs. However, until recently only a single clone, M.×giganteus, was available for the extensive field trials performed across Europe and this showed poor overwintering in the first year after planting at some locations in Northern Europe. Therefore, ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00764.x

4. Xylem conduits of a resurrection plant contain a unique lipid lining and refill following a distinct pattern after desiccation

Author:
H.‐J. WAGNER; H. SCHNEIDER; S. MIMIETZ; N. WISTUBA; M. ROKITTA; G. KROHNE; A. HAASE; U. ZIMMERMANN
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 239-255
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Myrothamnus; acetone; air; ambient temperature; benzene; drought; gravity; hydrophobicity; hydrostatic pressure; kinetics; light microscopy; lipids; lungs; raffinose; surfactants; tracheids; transmission electron microscopy; turgor
Abstract:
... The axial and radial refilling with water of cut dry branches (up to 80 cm tall) of the resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia was studied in both acro‐ and basipetal directions by using ¹H‐NMR imaging. NMR measurements showed that the conducting elements were not filled simultaneously. Axial water ascent occurred initially only in a cluster of a very few conducting elements. Refilling of th ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00755.x

5. A lectin from the lichenized Basidiomycete Dictyonema glabratum

Author:
SELENE L. ELIFIO; MARIA DE LOURDES C. C. DA SILVA; MARCELLO IACOMINI; PHILIP A. J. GORIN
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 327-334
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Basidiomycota; Scytonema; electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; erythrocytes; galactose; gel chromatography; glucosamine; glucose; glycoproteins; glycosylation; hemagglutination; humans; lectins; lichens; mannose; molecular weight; pH; phenotype; phenylalanine; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; xylose
Abstract:
... A lectin with hemagglutinating activity has been isolated from an aqueous extract of the symbiotic phenotype of Dictyonema glabratum and its cyanobacterial photobiont Scytonema sp. The purified lectin had a pI of 6.8 and its molecular mass was investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, gel filtration and SDS‐PAGE, which indicated its native conformation as a dimer formed by two ide ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00758.x

6. In vitro germination of nonphotosynthetic, myco‐heterotrophic plants stimulated by fungi isolated from the adult plants

Author:
THOMAS D. BRUNS; DAVID J. READ
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 335-342
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Pterospora andromedea; Rhizopogon; adults; cellophane; dormancy; fungi; germ-free animals; seed germination; volatile compounds
Abstract:
... Sarcodes sanguinea and Pterospora andromedea (Ericaceae, Monotropoideae) are nonphotosynthetic myco‐heterotrophic plants. Recent studies have shown that the roots of the adult plants are always associated with closely related but exclusive sets of Rhizopogon species (Basidiomycota, Boletales) from section Amylopogon. We have isolated Rhizopogon species that were associated with the adult plants an ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00766.x

7. Metabolism‐induced free radical activity does not contribute significantly to loss of viability in moist‐stored recalcitrant seeds of contrasting species

Author:
VALERIE GREGGAINS; WILLIAM E. FINCH‐SAVAGE; W. PAUL QUICK; NEIL M. ATHERTON
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 267-276
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Avicennia marina; Castanea sativa; Quercus robur; free radicals; lipid peroxidation; oxygen; storage time; temperature; viability
Abstract:
... Because recalcitrant seeds are not desiccation‐tolerant they must be stored moist. Their limited storage potential presents significant practical problems, but the cause of viability loss is not known. It has been suggested that a stress‐induced metabolic imbalance can develop during storage that results in free‐radical generation and consequent damage. To investigate this hypothesis, the presence ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00757.x

8. Morph‐specific patterns of variation in stigma height in natural populations of distylous Jasminum fruticans

Author:
JOHN D. THOMPSON; BERTRAND DOMMÉE
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 303-314
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Jasminum; Ursidae; corolla; fecundity; pollen; seed set; stigma
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to describe morph‐specific patterns of stigma–anther separation and style curling in the distylous Jasminum fruticans. We also examined whether variation in floral traits is correlated with variation in seed production. Stigma–anther separation is more variable in short‐styled plants than in long‐styled plants. In all populations studied, some plants bear flowers that ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00765.x

9. Pollen from Lake Sedmo Rilsko reveals southeast European postglacial vegetation in the highest mountain area of the Balkans

Author:
E. D. BOZILOVA; S. B. TONKOV
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 315-325
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Abies alba; Acer; Amaranthaceae; Artemisia; Betula; Corylus; Ephedra; Fagus sylvatica; Holocene epoch; Juniperus; Picea abies; Pinus peuce; Pinus sylvestris; Poaceae; Quercus; Tilia; Ulmus; altitude; forest dynamics; lakes; livestock; mass spectrometry; pollen; shrublands; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... A lacustrine sequence from Lake Sedmo Rilsko (altitude 2095 m) in the northwest of Rila Mountain, Bulgaria, was analysed on the basis of 84 pollen spectra and three ¹⁴C accelerator mass spectrometry dates. The lower part of the sequence (413–530 cm) corresponds to the Late‐glacial. Three phases, two stadial and one interstadial, are characterized by the dominance of mountain–steppe herb vegetation ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00754.x

10. Quantitative genetic analysis of seed vigour and pre‐emergence seedling growth traits in Brassica oleracea

Author:
MARY BETTEY; W. E. FINCH‐SAVAGE; G. J. KING; J. R. LYNN
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 277-286
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Brassica oleracea; genetic analysis; haploidy; heat treatment; heritability; leachates; plant establishment; quantitative traits; seed germination; seed weight; seedling growth; seedlings; vigor; water stress
Abstract:
... The ability of seeds to germinate and establish seedlings in a predictable manner under a range of conditions has a direct contribution to the economic success of commercial crops, and should therefore be considered in crop improvement. We measured traits associated with seed vigour and pre‐emergence seedling growth in a segregating population of 105 doubled haploid Brassica oleracea lines. The ge ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00760.x

11. Tansley Review No. 119: Theoretical considerations of optimal conduit length for water transport in vascular plants

Author:
JONATHAN P. COMSTOCK; JOHN S. SPERRY
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 195-218
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
hydraulic conductivity; hydraulic resistance; leaves; models; selection pressure; water potential; xylem
Abstract:
... Vascular plants have shown a strong evolutionary trend towards increasing length in xylem conduits. Increasing conduit length affects water transport in two opposing ways, creating a compromise that should ultimately define an optimal conduit length. The most obvious effect of increased length is to decrease the sequential number of separate conduits needed to traverse the entire pathway, and ther ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00763.x

12. The base of the leaf acts as a localized sink for photosynthate in mature barley leaves

Author:
NASIR UDDIN SHAIKH; W. PAUL QUICK; STEPHEN A. ROLFE
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 257-266
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Hordeum vulgare; barley; beta-fructofuranosidase; glucose; hydrolysis; leaf area; leaf blade; light intensity; photosynthesis; starch; sucrose; sucrose synthase; sucrose-phosphate synthase
Abstract:
... The gradients in photosynthetic and carbohydrate metabolism which persist within the fully expanded second leaf of barley (Hordeum vulgare) were examined. Although all regions of the leaf blade were green and photosynthetically active, the basal 5 cm, representing approximately 20% of the leaf area, retained some characteristics of sink tissue. The leaf blade distal from the leaf sheath exhibited ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00762.x

13. Water rise kinetics in refilling xylem after desiccation in a resurrection plant

Author:
H. SCHNEIDER; N. WISTUBA; H.‐J. WAGNER; F. THÜRMER; U. ZIMMERMANN
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 221-238
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Myrothamnus; bark; cortex; gravity; heat treatment; hydrostatic pressure; leaves; lipids; osmotic pressure; periderm; phloem; potassium chloride; rehydration; root pressure; tracheids; transpiration; turgor
Abstract:
... The acropetal water refilling kinetics of the dry xylem of branches (up to 80 cm tall) of the resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia were determined with high temporal resolution by observation of light refraction at the advancing water front and the associated recurving of the folded leaves. To study the effect of gravity on water rise, data were acquired for cut upright, horizontal and inv ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00759.x

14. Why are annual plants rarely spring ephemerals?

Author:
MARGARET F. McKENNA; GILLES HOULE
Source:
new phytologist 2000 v.148 no.2 pp. 295-302
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
annuals; biomass; canopy; drought; ephemeral plants; flowers; leaf area; light intensity; longevity; nutrient availability; phenology; photons; photosynthesis; reproduction; snowmelt; spring; summer; temperature; understory; water treatment; North America
Abstract:
... The period of active growth for spring ephemeral plants coincides with the period of high light, water and nutrient availability between snow melt and canopy closure in the understorey of deciduous forests in eastern North America. However, low temperatures prevail during this period and might restrict the performance of these plants. Remarkably, this peculiar phenology is extremely rare among ann ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00756.x