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1. Anisakis spp. in fishery products from Japanese waters: Updated insights on host prevalence and human infection risk factors

Author:
Gomes, Tiago Leandro; Quiazon, Karl Marx A.; Kotake, Maho; Itoh, Naoki; Yoshinaga, Tomoyoshi
Source:
Parasitology international 2020 v.78 pp. 102137
ISSN:
1383-5769
Subject:
Anisakis simplex; Euphausia; Gadus chalcogrammus; Gadus macrocephalus; Hysterothylacium aduncum; Japan; Oncorhynchus keta; Sardinops sagax; Scomber australasicus; Scomber japonicus; Todarodes pacificus; coasts; fish products; food safety; genotype; hosts; human diseases; hybrids; hypersensitivity; krill; larvae; parasitism; parasitology; prevalence; risk factors; sardines; sibling species; East China Sea; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... The nematodes of the genus Anisakis are among the most relevant parasitic hazards in fishery products since they are responsible for human infection and allergy cases. In a food safety and epidemiological perspective, several marine hosts from different locations around Japan were examined to characterize the parasitism of Anisakis larvae. Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) and Alaska pollock (Gadus ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.parint.2020.102137

2. Distribution of Cryptosporidium species isolated from diarrhoeic calves in Japan

Author:
Kabir, Mohammad Hazzaz Bin; Itoh, Megumi; Shehata, Ayman Ahmed; Bando, Hironori; Fukuda, Yasuhiro; Murakoshi, Fumi; Fujikura, Atsushi; Okawa, Hiroaki; Endo, Takuto; Goto, Akira; Kachi, Masayuki; Nakayama, Toshie; Kano, Yuto; Oishi, Shoko; Otomaru, Konosuke; Essa, Mohamed Ibrahim; Kazama, Kei; Xuan, Xuenan; Kato, Kentaro
Source:
Parasitology international 2020 v.78 pp. 102153
ISSN:
1383-5769
Subject:
Cryptosporidium bovis; Cryptosporidium parvum; Japan; Protozoa; beef; beef cattle; dairy calves; feces; genes; genotype; hosts; humans; infection; parasites; parasitology; polymerase chain reaction; wild animals
Abstract:
... Cryptosporidium spp. are enteric protozoan parasites that infect a wide range of hosts including humans, and domestic and wild animals. The aim of this study was to molecularly characterize the Cryptosporidium spp. found in calf faeces in Japan. A total of 80 pre-weaned beef and dairy calves' diarrhoeic faecal specimens were collected from nine different prefectures in Japan. A nested polymerase c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.parint.2020.102153

3. First record of infestation of a pet sloth in Japan with the exotic tick Amblyomma geayi (Acari: Ixodidae)

Author:
Urushiyama, Fumiya; Matsubara, Katsuki; Doi, Kandai; Taira, Masakatsu; Komiya, Tomoyoshi; Tokiwa, Toshihiro
Source:
Parasitology international 2020 v.78 pp. 102157
ISSN:
1383-5769
Subject:
Amblyomma; Choloepus didactylus; Japan; adults; imports; parasitology; pets; ticks
Abstract:
... On December 11, 2018, a single unengorged adult tick was found on the body surface of the trunk of an imported wild-caught Linnaeus's two-toed sloth (Choloepus didactylus) during a routine health check in an animal clinic in Tokyo, Japan. The tick was identified as Amblyomma geayi based on the morphological and molecular characteristics. This is the first case of the introduction of an Amblyomma s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.parint.2020.102157

4. Formulas developed based on the ratio of urea nitrogen to creatinine concentrations obtained from multiple spot urine samples are acceptable to predict protein intake at group level but not at individual level

Author:
Yuan, Xiaoyi; Murakami, Kentaro; Asakura, Keiko; Uechi, Ken; Masayasu, Shizuko; Sasaki, Satoshi
Source:
Nutrition research 2020 v.78 pp. 50-59
ISSN:
0271-5317
Subject:
creatinine; excretion; men; protein intake; standard deviation; t-test; urea nitrogen; urine; women; Japan
Abstract:
... In this study, we hypothesized that spot urine can be used to predict protein intake at both group and individual levels. Participants (n = 369) of this study were recruited from all 47 prefectures in Japan. Sex-specific formulas were developed based on the ratio of urea nitrogen to creatinine concentration obtained from 3 spot urine samples. Validity of the formulas was examined against two 24-ho ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.nutres.2020.04.004