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You searched for: Publication year rev 7980-2020 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7980-2020 Subject term backcrossing Remove constraint Subject term: backcrossing
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1. A 50-kb deletion disrupting the RSPO2 gene is associated with tetradysmelia in Holstein Friesian cattle

Author:
Doreen Becker; Rosemarie Weikard; Christoph Schulze; Peter Wohlsein; Christa Kühn
Source:
Genetics, selection, evolution 2020 v.52 no.1 pp. 68
ISSN:
1297-9686
Subject:
G-protein coupled receptors; Holstein; animal models; backcrossing; bulls; calves; chromosomes; embryogenesis; evolution; exons; genetic disorders; genotyping; haplotypes; heterozygosity; homozygosity; knowledge; ligands; progeny; scapula; siblings; signal transduction; single nucleotide polymorphism; sires
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Tetradysmelia is a rare genetic disorder that is characterized by an extremely severe reduction of all limb parts distal of the scapula and pelvic girdle. We studied a Holstein Friesian backcross family with 24 offspring, among which six calves displayed autosomal recessive tetradysmelia. In order to identify the genetic basis of the disorder, we genotyped three affected calves, five d ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12711-020-00586-y

2. A Weak Allele of FASCIATED EAR 2 (FEA2) Increases Maize Kernel Row Number (KRN) and Yield in Elite Maize Hybrids

Author:
Khuat Huu Trung; Quan Hong Tran; Ngoc Hong Bui; Thuy Thi Tran; Kong Quy Luu; Nga Thi Thu Tran; Loan Thi Nguyen; Diep Thi Ngoc Nguyen; Bach Duong Vu; Duong Thi Thuy Quan; Diep Thuy Nguyen; Hien Thi Nguyen; Cuong Cao Dang; Bao Manh Tran; Tran Dang Khanh; Son Lang Vi
Source:
Agronomy 2020 v.10 no.11 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Zea mays; agronomic traits; agronomy; alleles; backcrossing; corn; crop yield; ears; genetic background; growth and development; heterosis; homozygosity; hybrids; inbreeding; introgression; length; meristems; mutation; parents; phenotype; phenotypic selection; plant growth; plant height; seed weight; seeds; selfing; varieties
Abstract:
... Meristems are central to plant growth and development, yet evidence of directly manipulating this control to improve crop yield is scarce. Kernel row number (KRN) is an important agronomic trait that can directly affect maize (Zea mays L.) yield. However, this trait is difficult to select by phenotyping, since it is highly variable in the mixed genetic backgrounds in early selfing generations. Thi ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy10111774

3. A genome-wide analysis of pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein-encoding genes in four Gossypium species with an emphasis on their expression in floral buds, ovules, and fibers in upland cotton

Author:
Zongfu Han; Yuxiang Qin; Xihua Li; Jiwen Yu; Ruzhong Li; Chaozhu Xing; Mingzhou Song; Jianyong Wu; Jinfa Zhang
Source:
Molecular genetics and genomics 2020 v.295 no.1 pp. 55-66
ISSN:
1617-4615
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; backcrossing; cotton; cytoplasmic male sterility; gene expression regulation; genes; genome-wide association study; genomics; heterosis; male fertility; mutants; plant growth; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; sequence analysis
Abstract:
... Cotton is the most important natural fiber used in textiles. Breeding for “three-lines”, i.e., cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)-based sterile (A), maintainer (B), and restorer (R) line, is a promising approach to harness hybrid vigor in cotton. Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein-encoding genes play an important role in plant growth and development including restoration of CMS plants to male fe ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00438-019-01604-5

4. A sexual hybrid and autopolyploids detected in seed from crosses between Neslia paniculata and Camelina sativa (Brassicaceae)

Author:
Sara L. Martin; Michelle L. LaFlamme; Tracey James; Connie A. Sauder
Source:
Botany 2020 v.98 no.7 pp. 393-399
ISSN:
1916-2804
Subject:
Camelina sativa; DNA; alleles; autotetraploidy; backcrossing; canola; flow cytometry; hybrids; internal transcribed spacers; introgression; mustard seed; ovules; pollen; population; probability; progeny; risk assessment; seedlings; seeds; self-pollination; shape; transgenic plants
Abstract:
... It is important to understand the probability of hybridization and potential for introgression of transgenic crop alleles into wild populations as part of pre-release risk assessment. Here we completed bidirectional crosses between the emerging crop, camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] and its weedy relative, ball mustard [Neslia paniculata (L.) Desv.]. Ball mustard is a self-compatible annual ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjb-2019-0202

5. Accelerating Tomato Breeding by Exploiting Genomic Selection Approaches

Author:
Elisa Cappetta; Giuseppe Andolfo; Antonio Di Matteo; Amalia Barone; Luigi Frusciante; Maria Raffaella Ercolano
Source:
Plants 2020 v.9 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
Solanum lycopersicum; backcrossing; breeding programs; breeding value; computer science; genes; genetic improvement; genomics; genotype; marker-assisted selection; phenotype; plant breeding; population size; prediction; statistical models; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Genomic selection (GS) is a predictive approach that was built up to increase the rate of genetic gain per unit of time and reduce the generation interval by utilizing genome-wide markers in breeding programs. It has emerged as a valuable method for improving complex traits that are controlled by many genes with small effects. GS enables the prediction of the breeding value of candidate genotypes ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants9091236

6. Additional Hybridization Studies of Genomic Compatibility and Phenotypic Expression in the Genus Speyeria (Nymphalidae: Argynnini)

Author:
Paul C. Hammond; David V. McCorkle; William Bergman
Source:
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 2020 v.74 no.3 pp. 133-153
ISSN:
0024-0966
Subject:
Mendelian inheritance; Speyeria; backcrossing; color; gene flow; genomics; hybridization; hybrids; phenotype; polygenic inheritance; sexual dimorphism; Minnesota
Abstract:
... The genetic compatibility of the most divergent species within the genus Speyeria was tested in 25 different hybrid crosses and back-crosses. In addition, the inheritance and expression of various phenotypic characters of wing pattern and coloration were studied including examples of extreme sexual dimorphism in certain species. These characters are important for the taxonomic diagnosis and identi ...
DOI:
10.18473/lepi.74i3.a1

7. Aegilops Species for the Improvement of the Leaf and Stripe Rust Resistance in Cultivated Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack)

Author:
Waldemar Ulaszewski; Michał Tomasz Kwiatek
Source:
Agronomy 2020 v.10 no.12 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Aegilops; Puccinia recondita; Puccinia striiformis; Secale cereale; Triticum aestivum; agronomic traits; agronomy; backcrossing; bioethanol; biotic stress; chromatin; forage; genetic engineering; genetic variation; hexaploidy; hybrids; leaf rust; leaves; loci; non-genetically modified foods; resistance genes; rye; soil; stripe rust; triticale; varieties; wheat
Abstract:
... Hexaploid triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack, 2n = 6x = 42 chromosomes, AABBRR) is a cultivated hybrid, which combines wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.) properties. It has a better ability to be grown on poor soils, compared to wheat. Mainly, triticale is produced for forage feed and bioethanol. Considering the limited diversity of this human-made crop, there is a need to wi ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy10121991

8. Aegilops tauschii Introgressions Improve Physio-Biochemical Traits and Metabolite Plasticity in Bread Wheat under Drought Stress

Author:
Michael Itam; Mostafa Abdelrahman; Yuji Yamasaki; Ryosuke Mega; Yasir Gorafi; Kinya Akashi; Hisashi Tsujimoto
Source:
Agronomy 2020 v.10 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Aegilops tauschii; Triticum; adenine; antioxidant activity; backcrossing; drought tolerance; enzyme activity; gamma-aminobutyric acid; genotype; glucose; histidine; introgression; metabolites; metabolomics; phosphates; photosynthesis; putrescine; shoots; sucrose; superoxide dismutase; water stress; water use efficiency; wheat
Abstract:
... With the aim of providing genetic materials for breeding drought-resistant wheat varieties, the physiological and metabolic plasticity of three drought-resistant wheat multiple synthetic derivative lines (MSDLs) and their backcross parent “Norin 61” (N61) were evaluated in response to drought stress. The results indicated that the D-genome introgressions from Aegilops tauschii into the MDSLs impro ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy10101588

9. An ethyl methanesulfonate‐induced neutral mutant‐bridging method efficiently identifies spontaneously mutated genes in rice

Author:
Wei Hu; Tianhao Zhou; Gang Hu; Hong Wu; Zhongmin Han; Jinghua Xiao; Xianghua Li; Yongzhong Xing
Source:
plant journal 2020 v.104 no.4 pp. 1129-1141
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
DNA; backcrossing; bioinformatics; ethyl methanesulfonate; genes; mutagens; mutants; phenotype; rice; spontaneous mutation; tissue culture
Abstract:
... Spontaneous mutants are mainly obtained from tissue culture or natural occurrences in plants. The traditional strategy for identifying spontaneously mutated genes is to continuously backcross these mutants to another variety and develop a near‐isogenic F₂ population for map‐based cloning or bulked segregant analysis. However, this strategy is time‐consuming. Here, we have developed a new method to ...
DOI:
10.1111/tpj.14969

10. An integrated linkage map of interspecific backcross 2 (BC2) populations reveals QTLs associated with fatty acid composition and vegetative parameters influencing compactness in oil palm

Author:
Zulkifli Yaakub; Katialisa Kamaruddin; Rajinder Singh; Suzana Mustafa; Marhalil Marjuni; Ngoot-Chin Ting; Mohd Din Amiruddin; Low Eng-Ti Leslie; Ooi Leslie Cheng-Li; Kandha Sritharan; Rajanaidu Nookiah; Johannes Jansen; Meilina Ong Abdullah
Source:
BMC plant biology 2020 v.20 no.1 pp. 356
ISSN:
1471-2229
Subject:
Elaeis guineensis; backcrossing; carotenes; chromosome mapping; fatty acid composition; genomics; marker-assisted selection; plant biology; vegetable oil
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Molecular breeding has opened new avenues for crop improvement with the potential for faster progress. As oil palm is the major producer of vegetable oil in the world, its improvement, such as developing compact planting materials and altering its oils’ fatty acid composition for wider application, is important. RESULTS: This study sought to identify the QTLs associated with fatty acid ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12870-020-02563-5

11. Assessment of 16 Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) CSSLs Derived from an Interspecific Cross for Yield and Yield Component Traits: QTL Validation

Author:
Hodo-Abalo Tossim; Joel Romaric Nguepjop; Cyril Diatta; Aissatou Sambou; Maguette Seye; Djibril Sane; Jean-François Rami; Daniel Fonceka
Source:
Agronomy 2020 v.10 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
Arachis duranensis; Arachis hypogaea; Arachis ipaensis; alleles; allotetraploidy; backcrossing; chromosomes; cultivars; genetic variation; hybrids; linkage groups; peanuts; pods; quantitative trait loci; seed size; substitution lines; wet season; yield components; Senegal
Abstract:
... Cultivated peanut is an allotetraploid (2n = 4× = 40) with narrow genetic diversity. In previous studies, we developed an advanced backcross quantitative trait loci (AB-QTL) population from the cross between the synthetic allotetraploid ((Arachis ipaensis × Arachis duranensis)⁴×) and the cultivated variety Fleur11, and mapped several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in yield and yield compo ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy10040583

12. Assessment of a stay-green mutant for variety improvement in Pakchoi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis)

Author:
Nan Wang; Yun Zhang; Yiheng Wang; Zhiyong Liu; Chengyu Li; Hui Feng
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2020 v.266 pp. 109261
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis; Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera; backcrossing; catabolism; chlorophyll; cytoplasmic male sterility; haploidy; heterosis; hybrids; leaves; metabolites; mutants; open pollination; photochemistry; phototoxicity; recessive genes; shelf life
Abstract:
... Stay-green refers to a trait whereby plants retain greenness during senescence. In our previous study, a stay-green mutant of Pakchoi nye was screened out from an open pollinated strain and we found that the stay-green was controlled by a single recessive gene Brnye1. Bra019346 was identified as the candidate for Brnye1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of the stay-green lines ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109261

13. Asymmetric Hybridization of Kaluga Acipenser dauricus Georgi, 1775 and Amur Sturgeon A. schrenckii Brandt, 1869 (Acipenseridae) in Nature as Follows from Analysis of Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Markers

Author:
S. V. Shedko; I. L. Miroshnichenko; G. A. Nemkova
Source:
Russian journal of genetics 2020 v.56 no.6 pp. 718-724
ISSN:
1022-7954
Subject:
Acipenser schrenckii; Huso dauricus; backcrossing; hybridization; introns; microsatellite repeats; mitochondria; nuclear genome; ribosomal proteins; rivers; sturgeon; sympatry
Abstract:
... Natural hybridization of sturgeon species in sympatry area is a relatively frequent but poorly studied phenomenon. A unique picture of asymmetric hybridization for Acipenseridae has developed in the Amur River, the place of inhabitation of two endemic sturgeons of this river basin—Kaluga and Amur sturgeon. Earlier, we showed that the fraction of their hybrids in different years was about 2.5% of t ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1022795420060101

14. At Least Five Major Genes Are Involved in the Avirulence of an Eleusine Isolate of Pyricularia oryzae on Common Wheat

Author:
Soichiro Asuke; Shuko Nishimi; Yukio Tosa
Source:
Phytopathology 2020 v.110 no.2 pp. 465-471
ISSN:
0031-949X
Subject:
Eleusine coracana; Lolium; Magnaporthe oryzae; Triticum; backcrossing; cultivars; genetic markers; host specificity; major genes; pathotypes; phenotype; virulence; wheat
Abstract:
... Pyricularia oryzae is composed of pathotypes that show host specificity at the plant genus level. To elucidate the genetic mechanisms of the incompatibility between the Eleusine pathotype (pathogenic on finger millet) and common wheat, an Eleusine isolate (MZ5-1-6) was crossed with a Triticum isolate (Br48) pathogenic on wheat, and resulting F₁ cultures were sprayed onto common wheat cultivars Hop ...
DOI:
10.1094/PHYTO-07-19-0278-R

15. Backcross breeding for improvement of heat tolerance at reproductive phase in Thai rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties

Author:
C. Malumpong; R. Buadchee; B. Thammasamisorn; P. Moung-ngam; B. Wasuri; C. Saensuk; S. Arikit; A. Vannavichit; S. Cheabu
Source:
Journal of agricultural science 2020 v.158 no.6 pp. 496-510
ISSN:
1469-5146
Subject:
Oryza sativa; agricultural sciences; backcrossing; cultivars; dry season; filling period; genetic background; grain quality; greenhouses; heat stress; heat tolerance; irrigation; mutants; rice; spikelets; temperature; thermosensitivity; Thailand
Abstract:
... Heat stress during the reproductive and grain-filling stages leads to severe yield losses in rice, especially in irrigated areas during the dry season in Thailand. Thus, breeding for heat-tolerant rice is one of the strategies for developing rice crops adapted to the effects of high temperature in major growing regions. M9962, a fast neutron-induced mutant, was identified as a heat-tolerant line t ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0021859620000957

16. Backcrossing of a capercaillie × black grouse hybrid male in the wild revealed with molecular markers

Author:
Oddmund Kleven; Henrik Brøseth; Kyrre Jonassen; Hans Christian Pedersen
Source:
European journal of wildlife research 2020 v.66 no.2 pp. 35
ISSN:
1612-4642
Subject:
Lyrurus tetrix; Tetrao urogallus; alleles; ancestry; backcrossing; birds; females; genetic markers; hybrids; inheritance (genetics); males; mitochondrial DNA; phenotype; sex chromosomes; Norway
Abstract:
... The black grouse Lyrurus tetrix and the capercaillie Tetrao urogallus are known to produce hybrids in wild populations. In general, these hybrids are regarded as infertile; however, conclusive evidence that F1-hybrids are infertile and unable to backcross in the wild are lacking. Using a molecular approach, we examined the ancestry of a bird assumed to be a male hybrid based on phenotypic characte ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10344-020-01377-y

17. Biofortification of sweet corn hybrids for provitamin-A, lysine and tryptophan using molecular breeding

Author:
Brijesh K. Mehta; Vignesh Muthusamy; Rajkumar U. Zunjare; Aanchal Baveja; Hema S. Chauhan; Rashmi Chhabra; Ashok K. Singh; Firoz Hossain
Source:
Journal of cereal science 2020 v.96 pp. 103093
ISSN:
0733-5210
Subject:
backcrossing; biofortification; brix; introgression; lysine; phenotype; sweetcorn; tryptophan
Abstract:
... Traditional sweet corn is poor in provitamin-A, lysine and tryptophan, deficiency of which causes serious health problems. Here, parental lines of two shrunken2 (sh2) -based sweet corn hybrids viz., ASKH-1 and ASKH-2 were targeted for introgression of crtRB1 and opaque2 (o2) genes through marker-assisted backcross breeding. Gene-based markers; umc1066 (SSR) and 3′TE-InDel were utilized for foregro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103093

18. Biological Flora of the British Isles: Tilia platyphyllos

Author:
C. Donald Pigott
Source:
journal of ecology 2020 v.108 no.6 pp. 2638-2676
ISSN:
0022-0477
Subject:
Fagus sylvatica; Fraxinus excelsior; Quercus petraea; Tilia cordata; Tilia platyphyllos; backcrossing; coppicing; flora; habitats; hybrids; mycorrhizae; nectar; phenology; phosphates; pollen germination; shade tolerance; trees; England; France; Wales
Abstract:
... This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Tilia platyphyllos Scop. subsp. cordifolia (Besser) C.K. Schneid (Large‐leaved Lime) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour: all British native material is this subspecies. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2745.13490

19. Bisexual Fertile Triploid Zebrafish (Danio rerio): a Rare Case

Author:
Liangyue Peng; Wen Fu; Xianlong Wu; Sheng He; Han Zhao; Jinhui Liu; Wenbin Liu; Yamei Xiao
Source:
Marine biotechnology 2020 v.22 no.3 pp. 443-455
ISSN:
1436-2228
Subject:
Danio rerio; aneuploidy; backcrossing; chromosomes; females; fish; genes; gonads; heat stress; histology; human diseases; males; meiosis; pregnancy; reproductive performance; sex determination; triploidy
Abstract:
... Previous studies have suggested that artificially induced triploid zebrafish are exclusively male-biased. Owing to greatly inhibited gonadal development for the artificially induced triploid fish, they are regarded to be sterile in general. In this article, partially fertile bisexual triploid zebrafish are produced by suppressing extrusion of the second polar body by heat shock. Histological obser ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10126-020-09964-5

20. CYP2J19 mediates carotenoid colour introgression across a natural avian hybrid zone

Author:
Alexander N. G. Kirschel; Emmanuel C. Nwankwo; Daniel K. Pierce; Sifiso M. Lukhele; Michaella Moysi; Bridget O. Ogolowa; Sophia C. Hayes; Ara Monadjem; Alan Brelsford
Source:
Molecular ecology 2020 v.29 no.24 pp. 4970-4984
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; backcrossing; birds; carotenoids; color; ecology; females; genes; genome-wide association study; genomics; hybrids; introgression; loci; phenotype; reflectance; reproductive isolation; Southern Africa
Abstract:
... It has long been of interest to identify the phenotypic traits that mediate reproductive isolation between related species, and more recently, the genes that underpin them. Much work has focused on identifying genes associated with animal colour, with the candidate gene CYP2J19 identified in laboratory studies as the ketolase converting yellow dietary carotenoids to red ketocarotenoids in birds wi ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.15691