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1. "Don't Just Come for Yourself": Understanding Leadership Approaches and Volunteer Engagement in Community Gardens

Author:
Jeffrey Gilbert; Christina Chauvenet; Brett Sheppard; Molly De Marco
Source:
Journal of agriculture, food systems, and community development 2020 v.9 no.4 pp. 259-273
ISSN:
2152-0801
Subject:
agriculture; chemical elements; community development; community gardens; computer software; focus groups; health promotion; leadership; managers; models; research; volunteers
Abstract:
... Community gardening initiatives are popular inter­ventions for health promotion and the develop­ment of socially inclusive local agricultural models. The leadership of such gardens is critical for their long-term success and sustainability. This study describes the leadership styles of garden managers, as well as how managers recruited and interacted with volunteers. Thirteen community garden man­ ...
DOI:
10.5304/jafscd.2020.094.019

2. "Humbled by Nature": A rancher's mental-model of adaptation in the Great Plains

Author:
Wilmer Hailey Nicole; Sturrock Jim
Source:
Great Plains research 2020 v.30 no.1 pp. 15-33
ISSN:
2334-2463
Subject:
adaptive management; climate; collaborative management; decision making; ecosystem management; human behavior; interviews; ranchers; ranching; range management; self-perception; weather; Colorado; Great Plains region
Abstract:
... Ranchers in the Great Plains make decisions in complex social and ecological environments. While a great deal of research has studied rancher adaptation, an insider's or "emic" view rancher's mental models is less well understood. In this study a rancher and a researcher collaborate to document ten years of management on a Colorado ranch. Using data from repeated interviews, participatory mapping ...
Handle:
10113/7071187
DOI:
muse.jhu.edu/journal/628

3. "Informalization" of Food Vending in China From a Tool for Food Security to Employment Promotion

Author:
Taiyang Zhong; Steffanie Scott
Source:
Journal of agriculture, food systems, and community development 2020 v.9 no.4 pp. 135-137
ISSN:
2152-0801
Subject:
Coronavirus infections; agriculture; community development; employment; food security; governance; issues and policy; local government; pandemic; street foods; unemployment; China
Abstract:
... The central government of China required local governments to allow street food vending on May 27, 2020, which is essentially a policy of “informalization” in urban food governance. Before this, some local governments such as Nanjing Municipal Government had already relaxed the implementation of regulations for street food vending. The original purpose of allowing street food vending was to help e ...
DOI:
10.5304/jafscd.2020.094.006

4. "Short" or "long" Rhaetian ? Astronomical calibration of Austrian key sections

Author:
Bruno Galbrun; Slah Boulila; Leopold Krystyn; Sylvain Richoz; Silvia Gardin; Annachiara Bartolini; Martin Maslo
Source:
Global and planetary change 2020 v.192 pp. 103253
ISSN:
0921-8181
Subject:
Triassic period; basins; magnetic susceptibility; models; North America
Abstract:
... The establishment of the Late Triassic time scale has given rise to considerable controversy, particularly regarding the Rhaetian duration and the inferred absolute age models. In this respect the astronomical polarity time scale (APTS) established from the continental successions of the Newark Basin (eastern North America) is considered as a reference record, although its completeness is question ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103253

5. "You know nothing, John Doe" – Judgmental overconfidence in lay climate knowledge

Author:
Annina Thaller; Thomas Brudermann
Source:
Journal of environmental psychology 2020 v.69 pp. 101427
ISSN:
0272-4944
Subject:
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; climate; greenhouse gases; issues and policy; ozone; psychology; water vapor
Abstract:
... The 1.5° target outlined in the Paris agreement requires immediate and fundamental climate action; the lack of climate knowledge, prevalent misconceptions and purported knowledge may be major barriers. Therefore, this study was carried out to analyze signs of judgmental overconfidence in lay climate knowledge using a quota sample of 499 Austrians. Results indicate that several misconceptions exist ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101427

6. The "fighting wisdom and bravery" of tailed phage and host in the process of adsorption

Author:
Haojie Ge; Maozhi Hu; Ge Zhao; Yi Du; Nannan Xu; Xiang Chen; Xin’an Jiao
Source:
Microbiological research 2020 v.230 pp. 126344
ISSN:
0944-5013
Subject:
adsorption; bacteria; bacteriophages
Abstract:
... In the process of bacteriophage and bacteria struggle, adsorption is the key factor to determine who is the winner. In this paper, the molecular mechanism of tailed bacteriophage recognition and adsorption to host and the strategy of “fighting wisdom and courage” between them are reviewed. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.micres.2019.126344

7. A "trimurti" heterostructured hybrid with an intimate CoO/CoₓP interface as a robust bifunctional air electrode for rechargeable Zn–air batteries

Author:
Yue Niu; Meiling Xiao; Jianbing Zhu; Taotao Zeng; Jingde Li; Wenyao Zhang; Dong Su; Aiping Yu; Zhongwei Chen
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2020 v.8 no.18 pp. 9177-9184
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
air; batteries; catalytic activity; cobalt; cobalt oxide; cost effectiveness; electric potential difference; electrodes; oxygen; phosphides; redox reactions; synergism; transportation
Abstract:
... The development of robust and cost-effective bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts is of significant importance for the widespread implementation of Zn–air batteries yet remains an immense challenge, which calls for the molecular-level manipulation of active species as well as morphology engineering to accelerate the reversible oxygen reaction dynamics. Herein, a “trimurti” heterostructured cobalt- ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ta01145b

8. #Eggs: social and online media-derived perceptions of egg-laying hen housing

Author:
Nicole Widmar; Courtney Bir; Christopher Wolf; John Lai; Yangxuan Liu
Source:
Poultry science 2020 v.99 no.11 pp. 5697-5706
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
agribusiness; business enterprises; cages; consumer attitudes; consumer preferences; decision making; economists; eggs; food industry; foods; laying hens; oviposition; poultry housing; social networks; surveys
Abstract:
... Enormous quantities of data are generated through social and online media in the era of Web 2.0. Understanding consumer perceptions or demand efficiently and cost effectively remains a focus for economists, retailer/consumer sciences, and production industries. Most of the efforts to understand demand for food products rely on reports of past market performance along with survey data. Given the mo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2020.07.011

9. 'Eclipse' Thornless Semi-erect Blackberry

Author:
Finn Chad E.; Strik Bernadine C.; Yorgey Brian M.; Peterson Mary E.; Jones Patrick A.; Buller Gil; Serce Sedat; Lee Jungmin; Bassil Nahla V.; Martin Robert R.
Source:
HortScience 2020 v.55 no.5 pp. 749-754
ISSN:
0018-5345
Subject:
Rubus; agronomic traits; blackberries; early development; fruit characteristics; fruit quality; germplasm releases; patents; ripening; thornless varieties
Abstract:
... 'Eclipse' is a thornless, semi-erect, high quality blackberry (Rubus subg. Rubus Watson) that has firm, uniformly shaped, dark fruit suited for the fresh market and that ripen in the early season for this type of blackberry. 'Eclipse' was released by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) breeding program in Corvallis, OR in cooperation with Oregon State Univer ...
Handle:
10113/6973051
DOI:
10.21273/HORTSCI14891-20

10. 'Ningzhi 3', an early and sweet blackberry

Author:
W. L. Wu; H. X. Liu; L. F. Liu; W. L. Li
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2020 no.1277 pp. 73-80
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
blackberries; botany; cultivars; flavor; seedlings; China
Abstract:
... A new blackberry cultivar named ‘Ningzhi 3’ was produced and released by the Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. ‘Ningzhi 3’, tested as ‘5-8-2’, is derived from a cross of ‘Arapaho’ and ‘Hull’ and selected from a seedling population in 2010 with two following years of replicated and large-scale production trials. It is found to be early ripening, thornless, e ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1277.10

11. 'UFV Arano', 'UFV Deno' and 'UFV Guato' - early ripening peach cultivars for mild climates

Author:
C. H. Bruckner; C. E. M. Santos; D. F. P. Silva; J. O. C. Silva
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2020 no.1280 pp. 179-182
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Ryukyu Archipelago; acidity; anthocyanins; climate; color; cream; cultivars; fresh market; fruit quality; nectarines; open pollination; peaches; progeny; pulp; rootstocks; sugar content; vigor; winter; Brazil
Abstract:
... The peach breeding program of Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) aims to develop cultivars adapted to low chilling winter and with good fruit quality for the fresh market. The described cultivars were selected among progeny UFV 109. In 1986 the peach ‘Alô doçura’ was crossed with nectarine ‘Colombina’, generating progeny UFV 886. From that progeny was selected the plant UFV 886-883. From this pl ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1280.24

12. 'Venice', a new Brazilian apple cultivar from Epagri

Author:
A. F. Brighenti; M. S. Pasa; M. N. Ciotta; J. M. Katsurayama; M. V. Kvitschal; M. C. Hawerroth; M. Couto
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2020 v. no.1281 pp. 33-40
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
acidity; agricultural research; agronomic traits; apples; budbreak; cold; cold storage; color; cultivars; firmness; fruits; leaf spot; phenology; sensory properties; Brazil
Abstract:
... The apple ‘SCS426 Venice’ was developed by Santa Catarina State Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Agency (Epagri) and is the result of a cross between ‘Epagri 404-Imperatriz’ and ‘Epagri 406-Baronesa’. It has medium cold requirement, high resistance to glomerella leaf spot, fruits have long cold storage, high visual and organoleptic quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the a ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1281.6

13. A 'feasibility space' as a goal to be achieved in the development of new technologies for converting renewable energies

Author:
Jones S. Silva; Fausto A. Canales; Alexandre Beluco
Source:
MethodsX 2020 v.7 pp. 100960
ISSN:
2215-0161
Subject:
developmental stages; economic feasibility; energy; feasibility studies; objectives; planning; power tools; renewable energy sources; sustainable technology; systems engineering; technology
Abstract:
... This method article proposes the establishment of a feasibility space as an objective to be achieved during the development of new technologies to convert energy from renewable resources. The feasibility space can also be a reference when designing an energy system based on renewable resources. The feasibility space is a set of parameter values for the design stage that define the economic and tec ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mex.2020.100960

14. (-)-Syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from Cortex Albizziae inhibits corticosterone-induced PC12 cell apoptosis and relieves the associated dysfunction

Author:
Desen Yang; Wanqin Wu; Guoping Gan; Dingkun Wang; Jing Gong; Ke Fang; Fuer Lu
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2020 v.141 pp. 111394
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
Western blotting; anxiety; apoptosis; binding proteins; calcium; caspase-3; cell proliferation; cell viability; cortex; corticosterone; cytochrome c; enzyme activity; flow cytometry; glycosides; lactate dehydrogenase; lignans; membrane potential; mitochondria; mitochondrial membrane; models; neuroprotective effect; pathogenesis; propidium; protein synthesis; rhodamines; staining; toxicology
Abstract:
... The neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of (-)-Syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (SRG), a natural lignan glycoside extracted from Cortex Albizziae, were investigated using corticosterone (CORT)-induced PC12 cells as an in vitro anxiety model. PC12 cells were treated with 100 μM CORT and 5, 10, or 20 μM SRG for 48 h. Cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage were meas ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2020.111394

15. (0 2 0)-Textured tungsten trioxide nanostructure with enhanced photoelectrochemical activity

Author:
Hyun Soo Han; Woosung Park; Sung Won Hwang; Hyunkyu Kim; Yelyn Sim; Subramani Surendran; Uk Sim; In Sun Cho
Source:
Journal of catalysis 2020 v.389 pp. 328-336
ISSN:
0021-9517
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; electric current; electrochemistry; hydrogen; nanomaterials; oxygen; pH; photochemistry; photoelectrodes; temperature; texture; tungsten oxide; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Texturing, i.e., preferentially oriented deposition of a film with a specific crystallographic direction, enables the manipulation of the charge transport properties and surface reactivity of photoelectrodes for solar water-splitting. The advancement of solar water-splitting systems under neutral conditions is a vital strategy to reduce the economic and ecological traits of the prevailing strong a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcat.2020.06.012

16. A (1→6)-Branched (1→4)-β-d-Glucan from Grifola frondosa Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cytokine Production in RAW264.7 Macrophages by Binding to TLR2 Rather than Dectin-1 or CR3 Receptors

Author:
Chun-Han Su; Mei-Kuang Lu; Ting-Jang Lu; Ming-Nan Lai; Lean-Teik Ng
Source:
Journal of natural products 2020 v.83 no.2 pp. 231-242
ISSN:
1520-6025
Subject:
Grifola frondosa; Toll-like receptor 2; anti-inflammatory activity; beta-glucans; complement; interleukin-6; macrophage-1 antigen; macrophages; medicinal fungi; molecular weight; mushrooms; transcription factor NF-kappa B; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; water solubility
Abstract:
... Mushroom polysaccharides including β-glucans possess various health-promoting properties and are known to be the major bioactive constituents of Grifola frondosa (GF), which is a popular edible and medicinal mushroom. Dectin-1, a pattern-recognition receptor, is responsible for recognizing β-glucans. In this study, parental RAW264.7 macrophages and Dectin-1-expressing RAW264.7 macrophages were use ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00584

17. (2-Carboxyethyl) dimethylsulfonium bromide supplementation in non-fish meal diets for on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): Beneficial effects on immune function of the immune organs via modulation of NF-κB and TOR signalling pathway

Author:
Pei Wu; Xing-Wei Liu; Lin Feng; Wei-Dan Jiang; Sheng-Yao Kuang; Ling Tang; He-Qun Shi; Xiao-Qiu Zhou; Yang Liu
Source:
Fish & shellfish immunology 2020 v.107 pp. 309-323
ISSN:
1050-4648
Subject:
Ctenopharyngodon idella; animal growth; antimicrobial peptides; aquaculture industry; complement; cytokines; dietary supplements; disease resistance; fish; fish meal; genes; health status; hemorrhage; immune response; immunostimulants; inflammation; kidneys; lysozyme; morbidity; shellfish; spleen; transcription factor NF-kappa B
Abstract:
... The immune function of immune organs is extremely crucial for maintaining organism health status, which ultimately affects fish growth. Our previous study has found that dietary supplementation of (2-carboxyethyl)dimethylsulfonium Bromide (Br-DMPT) in non-fish meal (NFM) diet could promote the growth of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), whereas the underlying reason or mechanism for this resul ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.032

18. (2-Carboxyethyl)dimethylsulfonium Bromide (Br-DMPT) improves muscle flesh quality and antioxidant status of on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed non-fish meal diets

Author:
Xing-Wei Liu; Lin Feng; Wei-Dan Jiang; Pei Wu; Jun Jiang; De-Min Yang; Ling Tang; Sheng-Yao Kuang; He-Qun Shi; Xiao-Qiu Zhou; Yang Liu
Source:
Aquaculture 2020 v.521 pp. 735065
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Ctenopharyngodon idella; alanine; antioxidant enzymes; aspartic acid; cathepsins; dietary supplements; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; fish; fish feeding; fish feeds; fish meal; gene expression; glutamic acid; glycine (amino acid); lactic acid; market value; meat quality; muscles; nutritive value; pH; serine; signal transduction; umami; water holding capacity
Abstract:
... High-quality flesh plays crucial roles in affecting the acceptance and market value of the fish products. In previous study, (2-carboxyethyl)dimethylsulfonium Bromide (Br-DMPT) supplementation enhanced the growth and digestive capacity of fish fed non-fish meal diet, whereas its impacts on fish flesh quality remain unknown. Here, we examined whether dietary supplementation with Br-DMPT could impro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735065

19. (3 + 2)-Cycloaddition of Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Selenocyanate: Synthesis of Dihydroselenophenes and Selenophenes

Author:
Anu Jacob; Peter G. Jones; Daniel B. Werz
Source:
Organic letters 2020 v.22 no.21 pp. 8720-8724
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
oxidation; salting; salts; tetramethylammonium compounds
Abstract:
... We present a Lewis-acid-catalyzed (3 + 2)-cycloaddition of donor–acceptor cyclopropanes and selenocyanate (as its tetramethylammonium salt) for the synthesis of dihydroselenophenes. The transformation proceeded with moderate to excellent yields and showed a high functional group tolerance. Further oxidation using DDQ delivered selenophenes. ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03329

20. (3,3″)-Linked Biflavanones from Ouratea spectabilis and Their Effects on the Release of Proinflammatory Cytokines in THP-1 Cells

Author:
Marina P. Rocha; Priscilla R. V. Campana; Rodrigo M. Pádua; José D. Souza Filho; Daneel Ferreira; Fernão C. Braga
Source:
Journal of natural products 2020 v.83 no.6 pp. 1891-1898
ISSN:
1520-6025
Subject:
anti-inflammatory agents; bark extracts; cardiovascular diseases; chemokine CCL2; circular dichroism spectroscopy; enantiomers; ethers; inhibitory concentration 50; interleukin-1beta; spectral analysis; tumor necrosis factors; Brazil
Abstract:
... Ouratea spectabilis is an arborous species traditionally used in Brazil as an anti-inflammatory agent. Four new (3,3″)-linked biflavanone O-methyl ethers, named ouratein A (1), B (2), C (3), and D (4), were isolated from the bark extract of the species. Ouratein A (1) is an enantiomer of neochamagesmine A, which has never been described before. The structures were elucidated by extensive spectrosc ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00074