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1. Biomass gasification over hematite in a decoupled dual loop gasifier

Author:
Yang, Huaitian; Wang, Chao; Xu, Shaoping; Liu, Rui
Source:
Fuel processing technology 2019 v.192 pp. 140-146
ISSN:
0378-3820
Subject:
biomass; carbon; carbon monoxide; fluidized beds; gasification; hematite; hydrogen; quartz; sand; sawdust; steam; temperature
Abstract:
... Steam gasification of pine sawdust over hematite was carried out in a decoupled dual loop gasification system. The system is composed of two parts, i.e. a fluidized bed gasifier and a moving bed reformer. Two parallel loops based on the above two parts were set up followed by a particles grading cyclone. The bed material in gasification loop was fine quartz sand while that in the reforming loop wa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.04.025

2. Chemical looping gasification of coal using calcium ferrites as oxygen carrier

Author:
Wang, Yanan; Niu, Pengjie; Zhao, Haibo
Source:
Fuel processing technology 2019 v.192 pp. 75-86
ISSN:
0378-3820
Subject:
active sites; biomass; calcium; calcium oxide; carbon monoxide; catalytic activity; coal; ferric oxide; gases; gasification; hydrogen; hydrogen production; oxidation; oxygen; oxygen production
Abstract:
... Chemical-looping gasification (CLG) is a novel technology to convert solid fuels like coal and biomass into combustible gases. Without the requirement of high-cost pure oxygen production, CLG utilizes lattice oxygen from oxygen carrier (OC) for partial oxidation of fuels. In this work, the bimetallic CaO/Fe2O3 oxygen carriers (OCs) prepared by the wet-impregnation method were tested in a batch flu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.04.009

3. Hydrogen and methane mixture from biomass gasification coupled with catalytic tar reforming, methanation and adsorption enhanced reforming

Author:
Zhang, Jingjing; Wang, Mei; Xu, Shaoping; Feng, Yanchun
Source:
Fuel processing technology 2019 v.192 pp. 147-153
ISSN:
0378-3820
Subject:
adsorption; biomass; carbon dioxide; fuels; gasification; hematite; hydrogen; limestone; methane; methane production; nickel; quartz; sand; sawdust; steam; synthesis gas
Abstract:
... In order to obtain fuel gas rich of hydrogen and methane from biomass gasification, an integrated process of catalytic tar steam reforming, methanation and adsorption enhanced reforming (AER) was established. A free-fall gasifier followed by a moving bed upgrading reactor loaded with bed materials was applied as the reaction device. The bed materials consisted of Ni/hematite, calcined limestone an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.04.023

4. Hydrogen production from steam reforming ethanol over Ni/attapulgite catalysts - Part I: Effect of nickel content

Author:
Wang, Yishuang; Wang, Chunsheng; Chen, Mingqiang; Tang, Zhiyuan; Yang, Zhonglian; Hu, Jiaxin; Zhang, Han
Source:
Fuel processing technology 2019 v.192 pp. 227-238
ISSN:
0378-3820
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; biomass; carbon; catalysts; catalytic activity; ethanol; hydrogen production; nickel; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Hydrogen production by stream reforming ethanol (SRE) derived from biomass is a promising method. Thus, utilizing cut-price mineral clays to exploit an efficient and stable catalyst is of great significance. In this work, attapulgite (ATP)-supported nickel species catalysts with different Ni contents (denoted as xNi/ATP, x = 5–40 wt%) are manufactured by conventional and home precipitation methods ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.04.031

5. Modeling land management effects on the size distribution of eroded sediment

Author:
Liu, Gang; Dabney, Seth M.; Yoder, Daniel C.; Wells, Robert R.; Vieira, Dalmo A.N.
Source:
Soil & tillage research 2019 v.192 pp. 121-133
ISSN:
0167-1987
Subject:
Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation; algorithms; biomass; clay; clay fraction; cropland; data collection; databases; forests; grasses; land use; pastures; reduced tillage; regression analysis; sediments; soil organic carbon; soil quality; standard deviation; water stable soil aggregates; United States
Abstract:
... Land management that improves soil quality is known to increase the amount of water-stable soil aggregates, but many current soil erosion models do not consider land management effects when estimating the size distribution of eroded sediment. Our objective was to develop a method to improve eroded sediment size estimates in response to alternative land management practices using information availa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.still.2019.04.012

6. Molecular dynamics investigation on the lignin gasification in supercritical water

Author:
Li, Hanqing; Xu, Bonan; Jin, Hanhui; Luo, Kun; Fan, Jianren
Source:
Fuel processing technology 2019 v.192 pp. 203-209
ISSN:
0378-3820
Subject:
biomass; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; energy conversion; gasification; hydrogen; lignin; methane; molecular dynamics; pollution; temperature; wood
Abstract:
... Supercritical water (SCW) gasification is regarded as the low pollution approach with great potential for biomass utilization. As one of the most important components of biomass, lignin's conversion greatly influences the final energy conversion efficiency of the wood. It is necessary to disclose the detail reactive mechanism of lignin's gasification in SCW. In this paper, studies on the lignin ga ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.04.014

7. Regulation of soil CO2 and N2O emissions by cover crops: A meta-analysis

Author:
Muhammad, Ihsan; Sainju, Upendra M.; Zhao, Fazhu; Khan, Ahmad; Ghimire, Rajan; Fu, Xin; Wang, Jun
Source:
Soil & tillage research 2019 v.192 pp. 103-112
ISSN:
0167-1987
Subject:
biomass; carbon dioxide; carbon nitrogen ratio; carbon sequestration; cash crops; clay loam soils; cover crops; crop residues; ecosystem services; environmental quality; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; leaching; legumes; meta-analysis; nitrous oxide; sandy clay loam soils; silt loam soils; silty clay loam soils; soil organic carbon; soil quality; total nitrogen
Abstract:
... Cover crops provide multiple agronomic and environmental benefits, such as enhanced soil carbon sequestration, aggregation, water infiltration, and reduced erosion and nutrient leaching compared with no cover crop. However, little is known regarding the effect of cover crop species, biomass quality and quantity, and method of residue placement on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Using meta-analysis ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.still.2019.04.020

8. Reusing, recycling and up-cycling of biomass: A review of practical and kinetic modelling approaches

Author:
Osman, Ahmed I.; Abdelkader, Adel; Farrell, Charlie; Rooney, David; Morgan, Kevin
Source:
Fuel processing technology 2019 v.192 pp. 179-202
ISSN:
0378-3820
Subject:
attitudes and opinions; biomass; carbon footprint; circular economy; renewable energy sources
Abstract:
... There is a growing interest in the utilisation of biomass for a range of applications. Coupled with this is the appeal of improving the circular economy and as such, there is a focus on reusing, recycling and upcycling of many materials, including biomass. This has been driven by society in terms of demand for more sustainable energy and products, but also by a paradigm shift in attitudes of the p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.04.026

9. Semi-automated segmentation and visualization of complex undisturbed root systems with X-ray μCT

Author:
Maenhout, Peter; Sleutel, Steven; Xu, Hui; Van Hoorebeke, Luc; Cnudde, Veerle; De Neve, Stefaan
Source:
Soil & tillage research 2019 v.192 pp. 59-65
ISSN:
0167-1987
Subject:
X-radiation; algorithms; automation; biomass; corn; juveniles; methodology; phenotype; plant breeding; root systems; roots; soil types
Abstract:
... Increasing interest in plant-root phenotyping has stimulated the development of X-ray μCT-based root/soil segmentation protocols. However, most scanning and CT volume processing protocols were only applied for detection of simple and small juvenile roots. We tested a new methodology for its ability to extract large mature maize roots from X-ray μCT volumes of undisturbed soil monoliths (10 × 20 ×  ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.still.2019.04.025

10. Tree water use strategies and soil type determine growth responses to biochar and compost organic amendments

Author:
Somerville, Peter D; Farrell, Claire; May, Peter B; Livesley, Stephen J
Source:
Soil & tillage research 2019 v.192 pp. 12-21
ISSN:
0167-1987
Subject:
Corymbia maculata; Eucalyptus; biochar; biomass; clay; clay soils; composts; drainage; dry matter partitioning; evapotranspiration; irrigation management; mixing; organic matter; plant available water; sand; sandy soils; soil degradation; soil profiles; soil texture; soil treatment; tree growth; trees
Abstract:
... Organic matter is often used as an amendment to attempt restoration of degraded soils to improve tree establishment and growth. One key aim is to increase plant available water in the soil profile. The texture of the soil, the type of organic amendment (e.g. compost or biochar), and the native environment of the tree (mesic or xeric) will impact how successful restoration efforts are. We aimed to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.still.2019.04.023

11. Comparison of sintering condition and radio frequency plasma discharge on the conversion of coal/biomass fly ash into high-temperature thermal energy storage material

Author:
Lin, Wenlin Yvonne; Li, Tao; Akasyah, Luqman; Lim, Jian Wei Mark; Xu, Haoxin; Py, Xavier; Rawat, Rajdeep Singh; Romagnoli, Alessandro
Source:
Energy conversion and management 2019 v.192 pp. 180-187
ISSN:
0196-8904
Subject:
biomass; ceramics; chemical composition; coal; diagnostic techniques; energy density; fly ash; hydrogen; melting; quartz; radio waves; solid wastes; specific heat; temperature; thermal conductivity; thermal energy; Singapore
Abstract:
... The management of solid waste has become increasingly challenging with the accelerated growth in residency in Singapore. Alternative utilization, such as high temperature thermal energy storage material, valorizes the waste to the status of a new resource, thereby reducing the need of virgin material and ensuring sustainability. In Singapore, coal is co-fired with biomass and the coal/biomass fly ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enconman.2019.03.076

12. Effect of synthetic and food waste-derived volatile fatty acids on lipid accumulation in Rhodococcus sp. YHY01 and the properties of produced biodiesel

Author:
Bhatia, Shashi Kant; Gurav, Ranjit; Choi, Tae-Rim; Jung, Hye-Rim; Yang, Soo-Yeon; Song, Hun-Suk; Kim, Yun-Gon; Yoon, Jeong-Jun; Yang, Yung-Hun
Source:
Energy conversion and management 2019 v.192 pp. 385-395
ISSN:
0196-8904
Subject:
acetates; biodiesel; biomass; butyrates; carbon; feedstocks; food waste; fuel production; iodine value; lactic acid; propionic acid; response surface methodology; viscosity; volatile fatty acids
Abstract:
... Food waste-derived volatile fatty acids (VFAs) can act as a renewable feedstock for biodiesel production. In synthetic media, Rhodococcus sp. YHY01 was able to utilize various organic acids (acetate, butyrate, lactate, and propionate) as a carbon source. Butyrate was the optimal carbon source, having a minimum inhibitory effect on growth, and a maximum growth yield coefficient (Yx/s 0.288 g dcw/g ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enconman.2019.03.081

13. Evaluation of the biomass gasification-based combined cooling, heating and power system using the maximum generalized entropy principle

Author:
Jie, Pengfei; Yan, Fuchun; Wen, Zhimei; Li, Jing
Source:
Energy conversion and management 2019 v.192 pp. 150-160
ISSN:
0196-8904
Subject:
biomass; carbon dioxide; case studies; cooling; emissions; energy efficiency; entropy; exergy; information networks; models; natural resources conservation; primary energy; China
Abstract:
... In order to promote the environmental conservation and energy efficiency, sufficient attention has been paid to biomass gasification-based combined cooling, heating and power (BGBCCHP) systems. Accurate evaluation of BGBCCHP systems is helpful to improving its performance. The maximum generalized entropy principle was introduced to reveal the essential characteristics of BGBCCHP systems. The BGBCC ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enconman.2019.04.009

14. Hydrothermal heating with sulphuric acid contributes to improved fermentative hydrogen and methane co-generation from Dianchi Lake algal bloom

Author:
Cheng, Jun; Yue, Liangchen; Hua, Junjie; Dong, Haiquan; Li, Yu-You; Zhou, Junhu; Lin, Richen
Source:
Energy conversion and management 2019 v.192 pp. 282-291
ISSN:
0196-8904
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; algae; algal blooms; anaerobic digestion; bacteria; biomass; cellulose; crystal structure; energy conversion; fermentation; fuel production; heat; hydrogen; hydrogen production; hydrolysis; ions; lakes; methane; methanogens; pH; scanning electron microscopy; sodium; sulfuric acid; China
Abstract:
... For the efficient utilization of algal biomass for gaseous biofuel production, hydrothermal acid pretreatment was employed in this study to hydrolyze algal bloom biomass harvested from Dianchi Lake in Yunnan Province of China. The hydrolyzed algal biomass was subjected to sequential dark hydrogen fermentation and anaerobic digestion to improve energy conversion efficiency (ECE). The results of X-r ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enconman.2019.04.003

15. Mechanistic study on direct synthesis of carbon nanotubes from cellulose by means of microwave pyrolysis

Author:
Omoriyekomwan, Joy Esohe; Tahmasebi, Arash; Zhang, Jian; Yu, Jianglong
Source:
Energy conversion and management 2019 v.192 pp. 88-99
ISSN:
0196-8904
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; biochar; biomass; carbon; carbon nanotubes; cellulose; hydrocarbons; lignin; monosaccharides; pyrolysis; scanning electron microscopy; temperature; transmission electron microscopes; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... This paper investigates the impact of biomass components (i.e. cellulose and lignin) on direct production of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from renewable biomass by means of microwave pyrolysis at low temperature. Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) was treated using two methods to isolate its bio-components, i.e. cellulose and lignin. The treated PKS samples were then pyrolyzed under microwave at 600 °C. Scanning ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enconman.2019.04.042

16. Thermal proteome profiling allows quantitative assessment of interactions between tetrachloroethene reductive dehalogenase and trichloroethene

Author:
Türkowsky, Dominique; Lohmann, Patrick; Mühlenbrink, Marie; Schubert, Torsten; Adrian, Lorenz; Goris, Tobias; Jehmlich, Nico; von Bergen, Martin
Source:
Journal of proteomics 2019 v.192 pp. 10-17
ISSN:
1874-3919
Subject:
Sulfurospirillum; anaerobes; anaerobic conditions; bacteria; biomass; dehalogenation; enzyme substrates; eukaryotic cells; ligands; mass spectrometry; melting; oxidoreductases; proteins; proteome; protocols; substrate specificity; temperature; tetrachloroethylene; thermal stability
Abstract:
... Thermal proteome profiling (TPP) is increasingly applied in eukaryotes to investigate protein-ligand binding through protein melting curve shifts induced by the presence of a ligand. In anaerobic bacteria, identification of protein-substrate interactions is a major challenge. We applied TPP to Sulfurospirillum multivorans, which is able to use trichloroethene as electron acceptor for growth, to in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jprot.2018.05.018