An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
... BACKGROUND: Short chain oxylipins in plants as the main volatile organic carbon have been speculated to playing an important role for plant innate immunity, however, not yet intensively studied and far away established as the fully recognized algae defense signals. RESULTS: The production of 1-octen-3-ol is self-amplified via the fatty acid-oxylipin metabolic cycle through positive feedback loop. ...
... 3‐Bromopyruvate (3BP) is a small, highly reactive molecule formed by bromination of pyruvate. In the year 2000, the antitumor properties of 3BP were discovered. Studies using animal models proved its high efficacy for anticancer therapy with no apparent side effects. This was also found to be the case in a limited number of cancer patients treated with 3BP. Due to the “Warburg effect,” most tumor ...
... Marine algae have gained much importance in the development of nutraceutical products due to their high content of bioactive compounds. In this work, we investigated the activity of Padina pavonica with the aim to demonstrate the pro-osteogenic ability of its extract on human primary osteoblast (HOb). Our data indicated that the acetonic extract of P. pavonica (EPP) is a safe product as it did not ...
... Ulva lactuca is a green macro alga involved in devastating green tides observed worldwide. These green tides or blooms are a consequence of human activities. Ulva blooms occur mainly in shallow waters and the decomposition of this alga can produce dangerous vapors. Ulva lactuca is a species usually resembling lettuce, but genetic analyses demonstrated that other green algae with tubular phenotypes ...
United States Environmental Protection Agency; acute toxicity; algae; dispersants; environmental impact; human health; oil spills; oils; oysters; sodium; toxicity testing; Gulf of Mexico
Abstract:
... The use of chemical dispersants during oil spill responses has long been controversial. During the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, 1.8 million gallons of dispersant, mainly Corexit 9500, were applied in offshore waters to mitigate the human health and coastal environmental impact of surface oil contamination. To evaluate the potential impact of the dispersant on marine life, 18 species, represe ...
Cladophora; Eucalyptus; Lyngbya; Pithophora; Rhizoclonium; algae; analysis of variance; ash content; biomass; bioprocessing; cellulose; hemicellulose; lignin; paddies; paper; paper pulp; raw materials; silica; starch; tensile strength; wood pulp; India
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: The need for research into the use of alternative raw materials for the production of paper results from the anticipated shortages in the supply of raw-materials to the wood-based paper-industry. Although Burdwan town is vested with different types of algae, literally no work has been done for valorization of such biomass. Start of such bioprocess involves optimization of resource-utiliza ...
... It is recommended to use ionic strength adjustment buffers to increase reading accuracy while measuring potassium (K⁺) concentrations in aqueous solutions by using ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). Three laboratory leachate column studies were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of two buffers, 2.5 M sodium perchlorate (NaClO₄) and 2.5 M sodium chloride (NaCl), in measuring K⁺ concentrations in th ...
Fazel Abdolahpur Monikh; Benjamin Fryer; Daniel Arenas-Lago; Martina G. Vijver; Gopala Krishna Darbha; Eugenia Valsami-Jones; Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg
... A single-cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique was used to explore the influence of particle properties on the association of nanomaterials (NMs) with algal cells. We investigated the effect of particle size, shape, and surface chemistry [citrate and natural organic matter (NOM) coating] on the association of gold (Au) NMs with algal cells using particle mass, particle number ...
Trebouxia; algae; anthropogenic activities; forests; fungi; genetic variation; land use; lichens; monitoring; morphospecies; ribosomal DNA; sequence analysis; symbionts; thallus; Central European region; Poland
Abstract:
... Anthropogenic disturbances can have strong impacts on lichen communities, as well as on individual species of lichenized fungi. Traditionally, lichen monitoring studies are based on the presence and abundance of fungal morphospecies. However, the photobionts, as well photobiont mycobiont interactions also contribute to the structure, composition, and resilience of lichen communities. Here we asses ...
Notropis; algae; atrazine; biomass; case studies; ecosystems; energy metabolism; food webs; median effective concentration; models; risk; toxicity; water; water pollution; Iowa; Missouri; Nebraska
Abstract:
... A hybrid model was used to characterize potential ecological risks posed by atrazine to the endangered Topeka shiner. The model linked a Topeka shiner individual‐based bioenergetics population model (TS‐IBM) to a comprehensive aquatic system model (CASMTS) to simulate Topeka shiner population and food web dynamics for an Iowa (USA) headwater pool. Risks were estimated for monitored concentrations ...
... Shuangchi is a maar in the volcanic province of tropical northern Hainan Island, South China. A radiocarbon dated record of pollen, charcoal, organic carbon and some fossil algae provides a discontinuous record from its sediments covering the last 20,000 years. The fossil record is broken in places by abrupt pulses of inorganic material washed into the basin from the crater walls, presumably durin ...
... Nitrogen (N) delivered by rivers causes severe eutrophication in many coastal waters, and its turnover and retention are therefore of major interest. We set up a mass balance along a 582 km river section of a large, N-rich lowland river to quantify N retention along this river segment and to identify the underlying processes. Our assessments are based on four Lagrangian sampling campaigns performe ...
... A marine red alga, Symphyocladia latiuscula (Harvey) Yamada (Rhodomelaceae), is a rich source of bromophenols with a wide array of biological activities. This study investigates the anti-tyrosinase activity of the alga. Moderate activity was demonstrated by the methanol extract of S. latiuscula, and subsequent column chromatography identified three bromophenols: 2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl ...
... Carrageenan, a polysaccharide extracted from marine algae, is becoming increasingly regarded as a promising renewable biomaterial that has strong potential as a substitute for conventional synthetic plastics. Materials derived from carrageenans have been widely investigated over the recent decades for use in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications through to edible films and coatings. In the ar ...
Cyanidiophyceae; DNA repair; algae; catalytic activity; data analysis; gene expression; genetic variation; genome; homologous recombination; meiosis; nucleic acid annealing; phylogeny; prediction; protein structure; single-stranded DNA
Abstract:
... The RADiation sensitive52 (RAD52) protein catalyzes the pairing between two homologous DNA sequences’ double-strand break repair and meiotic recombination, mediating RAD51 loading onto single-stranded DNA ends, and initiating homologous recombination and catalyzing DNA annealing. This article reports the characterization of RAD52 homologs in the thermo-acidophilic Cyanidiophyceae whose genom ...
... Protein kinases are validated drug targets for a number of therapeutic areas, as kinase deregulation is known to play an essential role in many disease states. Many investigated protein kinase inhibitors are natural product small molecules or their derivatives. Many marine-derived natural products from various marine sources, such as bacteria and cyanobacteria, fungi, animals, algae, soft corals, ...
... Male gametes of the brown alga Mutimo cylindricus show positive phototaxis soon after spawning in seawater but gradually change the sign of phototaxis with time. This conversion appears to need the decrease of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. In this study, we revealed that the conversion of male gamete phototactic sign, positive to negative, was accelerated by mixing with female gametes. The sup ...
... Standing stocks of the calcifying algae, Halimeda and Penicillus, have remained stable over the 10 years surveyed (2007–2017) in Florida Bay (USA), a subtropical lagoon. The maximum contribution of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃; 779.75 g m⁻²) was lower compared to tropical lagoons. Halimeda was more abundant and had higher inorganic:organic carbon ratios compared to Penicillus. The abundance of Penicil ...
Bacillariophyceae; Noctiluca; aerosols; algae; algal blooms; atmospheric pressure; biomass; chlorophyll; dissolved oxygen; ecosystems; fish larvae; fisheries; kinetic energy; net primary productivity; nitrates; pelagic fish; phosphates; photosynthetically active radiation; phytoplankton; remote sensing; salinity; sardines; seasonal variation; species diversity; summer; surface temperature; time series analysis; trophic levels; wind; winter; zooplankton; Oman; Persian Gulf
Abstract:
... This overview compares algal blooms and pelagic fisheries of the Arabian Gulf with the Sea of Oman. The data consist of remotely sensed characteristics, directly sampled and modeled. Elucidated seasonal trends were based on 15-year seasonal means, as well as weekly time series of physical parameters. The environmental characteristics (namely photosynthetically available radiation, atmospheric pres ...
Cyclotella meneghiniana; Microcystis aeruginosa; absorbance; algae; byproducts; chlorine; coagulation; disinfection; dissolved organic carbon; potassium; potassium permanganate; scanning electron microscopy; summer; turbidity; water pollution; water quality; water reservoirs; China
Abstract:
... Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) commonly blooms in summer while Cyclotella meneghiniana (C. meneghiniana) outbreaks in fall in water reservoirs of Southeast China. Pre-oxidation has been demonstrated to enhance the algae removal from chemical coagulation processes. However, excessive dosage of pre-oxidant can increase the disinfection by-products formation potential (DBPsFP). Additionally, ...
... The city of Winnipeg (Manitoba, Canada) has numerous conventional stormwater retention basins to attenuate stormwater runoff. Significant operational resources are applied to control the proliferation of aquatic macrophytes and filamentous algal mats in these conventional stormwater retention basins to meet the aesthetic expectations of surrounding residents. Recent urban developments in the city ...
... A detailed comparison of sand filtration (SF) and ultrafiltration (UF) was conducted in this study with the aim to provide systematic support for alternative UF and SF technologies. The results of natural organic matter (NOM) removal indicated that SF conferred a slightly higher removal rate for UV-absorbing compounds, humic-like substances and protein-like substances than UF, with removal efficie ...
anti-inflammatory activity; algae; physiology; diterpenoids; sulfonic acids; metabolites; aquaculture; amino acids; agar; traditional medicine; cytotoxicity; bioactive compounds; Gracilaria; human nutrition; biomass; antioxidants; pigments; steroids; oxylipins; phenolic acids; ecology; chemical constituents of plants
Abstract:
... The genus Gracilaria is an important marine bio-resource since some members are a source of about 80% of the global production of agar. Moreover, species of Gracilaria are used in traditional medicine and human diet in many parts of the world. In this review, it was possible to verify that the number of publications concerning bioactivities for the genus has highly increased, and several promising ...
... Cyanobacteria are a model photoautotroph and a chassis for the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals. Knowledge of photoautotrophic metabolism in the natural environment of day/night cycles is lacking, yet has implications for improved yield from plants, algae and cyanobacteria. Here, a thorough approach to characterizing diverse metabolites—including carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, pi ...
... A good understanding of lead (Pb) mobilization in eutrophic lakes is a key to the accurate assessment of Pb pollution. In this work, dissolved and labile Pb was determined by both high resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) in sediment-water profiles of the hyper-eutrophic Meiliang Bay of Lake Taihu on a monthly basis during one year. The drinking water standar ...
... Remote sensing is useful for detecting and quantifying cyanobacteria blooms for managing water systems. In particular, airborne hyperspectral remote sensing has an advantage in precise cyanobacteria detection with high spatial and spectral resolution. Many bio-optical algorithms have been developed and utilized to estimate algal concentration. However, achieving the optimal conventional optical mo ...
... This paper reviews the recent achievements in the enhanced production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from waste activated sludge (WAS). The enhanced strategies are divided into two approaches. The first strategy focuses on the regulation of carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio by co-digestion of WAS with carbon-rich substrates, including municipal solid wastes (MSW), marine algae, agricultural residues, ...
... Defluoridation process using raw marine organisms and synthetic organic adsorbents was accurately studied. The marine adsorbents (algae, bivalves, sea star, brittle star, and coral reef) were collected from the Egyptian Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea. The organic adsorbent of 2-amino-3-cyano-4(4-nitrophenyl)-6-phenylpyridine was synthesized. The influence of pH, shaking time, effect of temperature ...
... Algal blooms often occur in the tidal freshwater (TF) of the James River estuary, a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay. The timing of algal blooms correlates highly to a summer low-flow period when residence time is long and nutrients are available. Because of complex interactions between physical transport and algal dynamics, it is challenging to predict interannual variations of bloom correctly usi ...
... Algae are potential sources for different industrial products. However, biofuel production from algae still needs to reach valuable economical approaches. Select algae and optimize culture conditions considered main challenges for biofuel production. Traditional batch cultures' techniques are time and labor consuming. PDMS-based Microfluidics is time-and labor-saving technique with high throughput ...
... Nutrient bioextraction using Gracilaria lemaneiformis co-cultured with Crassostrea gigas in a eutrophic, intensive mariculture area was evaluated over 49 days in Yantian Bay, which is an enclosed bay within Sansha Bay, China. The amount of nitrogen removed by G. lemaneiformis was 4.07 ± 0.25 kg and 4.49 ± 0.57 kg per ton (FW) at depths of 0.4–0.8 m and 1.0–1.2 m, respectively. The ranges of ammoni ...
Cyanobacteria; algae; autotrophs; biotechnology; catalytic activity; electrons; energy; enzymatic reactions; enzymes; green chemistry; photosynthesis; secondary metabolites; solar energy; solar radiation
Abstract:
... In recent years, efforts to exploit sunlight, a free and abundant energy source, have sped up dramatically. Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, such as higher plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, can convert solar energy into chemical energy very efficiently using water as an electron donor. By providing organic building blocks for life in this way, photosynthesis is undoubtedly one of the most import ...
Salmonidae; algae; biofilm; digital elevation models; females; habitats; nests; photogrammetry; population dynamics; reproduction; spawning; stream channels; unmanned aerial vehicles
Abstract:
... Salmonid populations are widely distributed globally and are of economic, cultural and ecological importance. Evidence suggests that they are in decline in many parts of the world and one of a number of hypotheses for their decline is the degradation of spawning habitat. Knowledge of spawning sites and their evolution through time is a means of estimating regional population dynamics and sizes. Tr ...
... AIM: Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly implemented to conserve or restore coral reef biodiversity, yet evidence of their benefits for enhancing coral cover is limited and variable. LOCATION: 30 MPAs worldwide and nearby sites (within 10 km). TAXA: Cover of key functional groups for coral (total, branching, massive and tabular), and algae (total, filamentous, foliose) and total biomass ...
... Estimations of antibiotic emission and fate and thereby ecological risk in rural catchments still lack feasible methods due to data scarcity. This study developed a new framework to evaluate the emission and fate of typical antibiotics for data-scarce catchments with uncertainty analysis. We estimated antibiotic discharge through questionnaire surveys; predicted antibiotic fate in air, water, soil ...
... Macroscopic fuzzy clumps of green filaments resembling filamentous algae were found on multiple sampling occasions in the water close to the shore of the extremely acidic (pH < 3) Hromnice Lake in Czechia. Microscopic investigation revealed that these filaments were moss protonemata. In order to identify the moss, we sequenced chloroplast (rbcL), mitochondrial (nad5), and nuclear (ITS2) molecular ...
Polysiphonia; Vertebrata; algae; flora; monophyly; new combination; new genus; polyphyly; ribosomal DNA; species diversity; surveys; Canada
Abstract:
... Sequence data generated during a Canadian barcode survey (COI-5P) of the tribes Polysiphonieae and Streblocladieae, a large and taxonomically challenging group of red algae, revealed significant taxonomic confusion and hidden species diversity. Polysiphonia pacifica Hollenberg, P. paniculata Montagne, P. stricta (Dillwyn) Greville and Vertebrata fucoides (Hudson) Kuntze were all complexes of two o ...
... Use of diverse algal polycultures could enhance the viability of mass algal cultivation by increasing the productivity and stability of production. However, there are multiple approaches for selecting productive polycultures, ranging from a synthetic ecology approach using carefully selected laboratory strains, to collection and cultivation of naturally occurring polycultures. In this study, we co ...
... Palynofloral assemblages are an invaluable source of information about the interactions between fossil plants and their environments. Here we describe a new Early Cretaceous palynoflora from the Lusitanian Basin in the Estremadura region of central western Portugal. A palynological assemblage of 28 genera and 40 species was extracted from 14 samples collected in the Vale Cortiço clay pit complex n ...
algae; calcium; cost effectiveness; drinking water treatment; fuzzy logic; monitoring; moths; neural networks; nitrates; pH; processing time; support vector machines; surface water; water quality; Egypt
Abstract:
... Here, we propose a new alternative machine learning method that combines the advantage of the Random Vector Functional Link Network (RVFL) with Moth Search Algorithm (MSA) to predict the missing values of total algal count during water quality monitoring of surface waters that providing drinking water treatment plants in Fayoum, Egypt. Total of 34 water quality parameters was measured in 270 water ...
algae; biochemical oxygen demand; buildings; canopy; canopy height; data collection; hydrologic models; lidar; remote sensing; riparian areas; rivers; shade; spatial data; summer; trees; uncertainty; water quality; water quality standards; water temperature; watersheds; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Uncertainty in capturing the effects of riparian tree shade for assessment of algal growth rates and water temperature hinders the predictive capability of models applied for river basin management. Using photogrammetry-derived tree canopy data, we quantified hourly shade along the River Thames (UK) and used it to estimate the reduction in the amount of direct radiation reaching the water surface. ...
Bacillariophyceae; Clean Air Act; acidification; algae; climate change; ecological restoration; ecosystems; emissions; fish communities; fish poisons; fisheries management; lakes; pH; sediments; state parks; sulfur; toxaphene; turbidity; water quality; Adirondacks; Northeastern United States
Abstract:
... Stager JC, Wiltse B, Cumming BF, Holsen TM, Stetler J, Laxson C, Marcillo CE, Charles DF. 2019. A novel ecological state at Bear Pond (Adirondack Mountains, NY, USA) following acidification and partial recovery. Lake Reserv Manage. 35:208–223. The pH of precipitation in the northeastern United States has risen as industrial sulfur and nitrogen oxide emissions have declined following amendment of t ...
Cyanobacteria; algae; coagulants; drinking water; electrocoagulation; electrodes; energy efficiency; hydrogen peroxide; ions; iron; microcystins; pH; persistent organic pollutants; total organic carbon; total suspended solids
Abstract:
... Harmful cyanobacterial bloom is a serious threat to global aquatic ecology and drinking water safety. Electro-Fenton (EF) has emerged as an efficient process for cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins removal, but high consumption of energy and chemicals remain a major bottleneck. This study presents a novel convertible three-electrodes Electro-Coagulation-Fenton process for cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins r ...
algae; algal blooms; biomass; data collection; environmental factors; environmental indicators; lakes; mathematical theory; monitoring; nutrients; prediction; water quality; China
Abstract:
... Harmful algae blooms (HABs) may occur in lakes and reservoirs, causing serious water quality problems. The occurrence of HABs is related to many water environmental indices. Hence, it is of great importance to develop new indices to predict HABs. In this study, a novel HABs prediction index named DCCPI (Discriminant of Cusp Catastrophe as the Prediction Index) was proposed based on the catastrophe ...
Chlorella vulgaris; algae; ammonium nitrogen; anodes; carbon dioxide; cathodes; electric potential difference; microbial fuel cells; nitrogen; nutrients; oxygen; photosynthesis; power generation; swine; total nitrogen; total organic carbon; wastewater
Abstract:
... A photosynthetic algal (Chlorella vulgaris) microbial fuel cell (PAMFC) with double chambers was adopted for power production and removal of carbon and nitrogen in swine sewerage that could provide nutrients for the growth of C. vulgaris. C. vulgaris was expected to utilize carbon dioxide (CO₂) delivered from the anode chamber and generate oxygen as an electron acceptor by photosynthesis. PAMFC pr ...
Scyphozoa; algae; coral reefs; corals; fluorescence; green fluorescent protein; health status; marine science; monitoring; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... Since the discovery of Green fluorescent protein (GFP) from jellyfish, many GFP-like marine fluorescent proteins have been unveiled and implicated in myriad of biomedical and toxicological research applications. However, fluorescence trait has not been implemented in the field applications so far. In this study, using a UV-blue light, we induced fluorescence of corals to identify the diseased and ...
... Metal nanoparticles have received great attention from researchers across the world because of a plethora of applications in agriculture and the biomedical field as antioxidants and antimicrobial compounds. Over the past few years, green nanotechnology has emerged as a significant approach for the synthesis and fabrication of metal nanoparticles. This green route employs various reducing and stabi ...
... Nature acts as a “Bio-Laboratory”, consisting of plants, algae, fungi, yeast, etc., which are composed of bio-molecules. These naturally occurring bio-molecules play a vital role in the synthesis of cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) nanoparticles (NPs) and their nanocomposites (NCs), with distinct shapes and sizes, thereby acting as a driving force for designing safer, greener and sustainable routes using less ...
Isochrysis galbana; algae; bacterivores; carbon; cooling; ecosystems; electron transfer; energy conservation; global change; photoperiod; photosynthesis; temperature
Abstract:
... Mixotrophy is a dominant metabolic strategy in ecosystems worldwide. Shifts in temperature (T) and light (i.e. the ultraviolet portion of spectrum (UVR)) are key abiotic factors that modulate the conditions under which an organism is able to live. However, whether the interaction between both drivers alters mixotrophy in a global‐change context remains unassessed. To determine the T × UVR effects ...
... Membrane chromatography was exploited to purify allophycocyanin, phycocyanin and B-phycoerythrin from aqueous extracts of fresh or freeze-dried biomass of Arthrospira platensis (Cyanobacteria) and Porphyridium cruentum (Rhodophyta). The method can be tuned to obtain products having various degree of purity and avoids expensive and time consuming column chromatography and ultrafiltration steps. A c ...
algae; aquatic ecosystems; aquatic food webs; data collection; drugs; edible species; eutrophication; field experimentation; lakes; nutrient content; personal care products; phytoplankton; pollutants
Abstract:
... The presence of a multitude of bioactive organic pollutants collectively classified as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in freshwaters is of concern, considering that ecological assessments of their potential impacts on natural systems are still scarce. In this field experiment we tested whether a single pulse exposure to a mixture of 12 pharmaceuticals and personal care products ...
... After briefly describing my early collaborative work at the University of Allahabad, that had laid the foundation of my research life, I present here some of our research on photosynthesis at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, randomly selected from light absorption to NADP⁺ reduction in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. These include the fact that (i) both the light reactions I and I ...
... The use of concentrated solar thermal (CST) to drive endothermic processes, such as supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is an attractive option for green fuel production, and has been demonstrated at laboratory scale. However, there is a lack of understanding of the system-level challenges and economic feasibility of such a technological route. As such, this work is focused on the techno-econo ...
... The recent availability of genome editing tools like TALEN (Transcription activator-like effector nuclease) and CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) for the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum has dramatically increased the options to explore diatom biology via reverse genetics. In order to verify that an observed phenotype indeed is directly related to a specific g ...
... Prototheca mastitis has recently become an emerging disease; although its incidence is increasing steadily, its epidemiology remains largely understudied. The aim of this work was to investigate the prevalence of Prototheca spp. in dairy cows and their environment in Lublin province, covering most of southeastern Poland. Between December 2015 and July 2016, a total of 172 milking cows from 10 dair ...
DNA barcoding; Hypnea; algae; coasts; genetic markers; geographical distribution; habitats; new species; phenotypic plasticity; plant taxonomy; species diversity; taxonomic keys; thallus; Brazil
Abstract:
... The red algal genus Hypnea has a wide geographical distribution along the coast of Brazil, where it has economic and ecological importance. The relatively simple and plastic morphology, often influenced by the conditions of its habitat, complicates the identification of Hypnea species. In the past years, several studies dealing with the taxonomy of Hypnea on the coast of Brazil have changed consid ...
... The pervasive enrichment of CO₂ in our oceans is a well‐documented stressor to marine life. Yet, there is little understanding about how CO₂ affects species indirectly in naturally complex communities. Using natural CO₂ vents, we investigated the indirect effects of CO₂ enrichment through a marine food chain. We show how CO₂ boosted the biomass of three trophic levels: from the primary producers ( ...
... β-glucans trigger the proinflammatory responses of innate immune cells to enhance the host defense. A variety of β-glucans were identified as strong immune stimulator and exerted antitumor activities. Our previous work indicates that a β-1,3/1,6-glucan (BG136) derived from marina alga Durvillaea antarctica promotes the proinflammatory responses in macrophage cell line RAW264.7. In the present stud ...
... Nitrogen-rich wastewater is a major problem for the aquaculture industry. To investigate whether algae could be used to remove ammonium from brackish shrimp aquaculture wastewater, marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. VDW was cultured in BG11 medium supplemented with Turks Island salt solution and different concentrations of NH₄Cl (1.0–40.0 mg L⁻¹) for 18 days. The cell density of the Synechoco ...
... This study examines the relationship between the algal biomass as well as lipid and triglyceride contents in Isochrysis galbana and variation in nutrient culture conditions such as phosphorus concentration and iron concentration. From the selected experiments, a clear algal growth drop expressed by number of cells, optical density and dried weight, as well strongly participated in the lipid and tr ...
... This study is a proof of concept for the synergetic biohydrogen production in alga-bacteria co-cultures. Algal hydrogen photoproduction was obtained in sugar-containing media only when the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was co-cultured with Pseudomonas putida (40.8 ml H2·L−1), Escherichia coli (35.1 ml H2·L−1) and Rhizobium etli (16.1 ml H2·L−1). Hydrogen photo-production in these co-culture ...
... Acid deposition and algae blooms have resulted in great changes in the water chemistry of Taihu Lake; however, there have been few calculated results to describe these processes. Here we used a mass balance model to estimate base cation losses and evaluate the model applicability in this intensively human-impacted watershed based on a long-term database (1985–2015). The results showed that carbona ...
HIV infections; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis C virus; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Primate T-lymphotropic virus 1; Vesiculovirus; algae; alginates; dose response; human cell lines; uronic acids
Abstract:
... We examined the effects of various acidic polysaccharides isolated from marine algae on the infection and replication of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1). It was found that sulfated fucan polysaccharides, ascophyllan, and two fucoidans derived from different sources significantly inhibited ...
... Acidocalcisomes are membrane-enclosed organelles with acidic lumens that accumulate polyphosphate, often in granular form, and sequester calcium and metals. They carry a transmembrane polyphosphate polymerase and two classes of proton pumps: H+-pyrophosphatases (H+-PPases) and V-type ATPases. This report describes acidocalcisomes that were snap-frozen in living cells, primarily the green alga Chla ...
acoustic properties; algae; bacteria; biosynthesis; bubbles; encapsulation; finite element analysis; image analysis; isotropy; models; modulus of elasticity; ultrasonics; ultrasonography
Abstract:
... Biosynthetic bubbles produced by floating microorganisms, such as bacteria and algae, have recently attracted wide attention as novel ultrasound contrast agents owing to their significant potential in ultrasound imaging and acoustic reporter gene-based imaging. However, the acoustics properties of these bubbles are unclear. In this study, we developed a finite-element model to describe the oscilla ...
activated carbon; algae; bacteria; carbohydrates; chemical oxygen demand; electron transfer; fermentation; genes; hydrolases; hydrolysis; pH; proteins; short chain fatty acids; solubilization
Abstract:
... Alkaline pH was beneficial for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production from algae during anaerobic fermentation. This study focused on the effects of activated carbon on SCFAs production from algae during alkaline anaerobic fermentation. When activated carbon was present at 0.5 g/L, the maximum production of SCFAs was 4875 mg COD/L, which was nearly 2.4 times that of the control (2026 mg/L). Mo ...
European Union; active ingredients; acute toxicity; algae; biocides; databases; environmental degradation; fish; freshwater; invertebrates; metabolites; microorganisms; sewage treatment
Abstract:
... One of the aims of the European project LIFE-COMBASE is to build a computational tool to predict the acute toxicity for aquatic organisms of biocidal active substances and its environmental degradation products. A database was implemented compiling toxicity data for these substances in organisms of the freshwater/marine and sewage treatment plant compartments. The goal of this study is to analyze ...
... Triflumizole is one of imidazole fungicides that works by inhibiting ergosterol biosynthesis, and is widely used for the control of powdery mildew and scabs on various fruits and crops. Triflumizole residue has been frequently detected in soil and aquatic ecosystems. While many studies have focused on its toxic effect on terrestrial and aquatic animals, little attention has been paid to aquatic al ...
... Adsorption and desorption of phosphorus (P) at sediment-water interface is one of the key processes of biogeochemical cycling of P in lakes. Thus, adsorption of phosphate by sediments from Lake Dianchi, a eutrophic lake, was investigated in this study. Importantly, the influence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with fulvic acid (FA) as a representative example on these processes was further studi ...
... Rare information is available on the adsorptive removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the presence of algal detritus deposited in the coastal sediment during the outbreak of the green tide. The adsorptive removal of typical PAHs by Ulva prolifera (U. prolifera) detritus was firstly investigated since the algal detritus was of great importance for the biogeochemical cycle of coastal ...
... Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are considered a major threat for seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plants. The presence of HABs in the raw feed water can cause increase of chemical consumption within the desalination plant, increase membrane fouling rate and might lead to plant shutdown. The removal of Algal Organic Matters (AOMs) during the pretreatment will help in increasing the membrane lifetime, r ...
additives; algae; biomass; combustion; emissions; energy; iron; nitric oxide; temperature
Abstract:
... It has become an important energy and environmental issue how to effectively reduce NOx emissions from algae biomass combustion. To achieve advanced control of NO emission from algae biomass combustion, three kinds of iron-based additives, including Fe, Fe2+ and Fe3+, were physicochemical-loaded onto different algal biomasses using the immersion method which is different from the conventional phys ...
Mohammad Hassan KamaniThese authors contributed equally in this work.; Ismail Eş; Jose M. Lorenzo; Fabienne Remize; Elena Roselló-Soto; Francisco J. Barba; James Clark; Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
... Green technologies have emerged as useful tools for the generation of clean fuels with the potential to minimize the effect of human activity on the environment. Currently, these fuels are mainly composed of hydrocarbons obtained from crude oil. Over the past two decades, biomass has gained significant attention as a renewable feedstock for more sustainable biofuel production and has been a great ...
... Sargassum muticum is an invasive brown seaweed that causes a negative impact on ecology, fishing and recreational activities, and was also associated with changes in biodiversity by competing for light, space and nutrients with autochthonous algae. Marine brown seaweeds contain different valuable components, such as alginate, fucose rich sulfated polysaccharides (known as fucoidans) and phlorotann ...
World Health Organization; algae; byproducts; chlorates; chlorine dioxide; chlorites; chlorophyll; disinfection; drinking water treatment; haloacetic acids; human health; maximum contaminant level; risk; sodium hypochlorite
Abstract:
... Chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) has been widely used in the process of preoxidation and disinfection as an excellent water treatment reagent. However, the inorganic by-products produced by ClO₂, such as chlorite (ClO₂⁻) and chlorate (ClO₃⁻) are harmful to human health, and this has become a potential problem when using ClO₂ in drinking water treatment. In this study, ClO₂ alone and a ClO₂/NaClO combinatio ...
... Coupling anaerobic digestion and algae cultivation has attracted attention as a sustainable means of treating high-strength wastewaters. In such a scenario, nutrients from the liquid anaerobic digestate are used by algae to produce biomass. However, use of full-strength digestate results in poor algal growth and nutrient removal. Most researchers have overcome this challenge by diluting digestate ...
... The biodegradation of biorecalcitrant opioid drug tramadol (TRAM) was studied in a model biodegradation experiment performed with an enriched activated sludge culture pre-adapted to high concentration of TRAM (20 mg/L). TRAM and its transformation products (TPs) were determined by applying ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS), the ...
... Coral reefs in the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan, have been undergoing degradation for at least five decades. Recently, the archipelago has been hit by bleaching events for two consecutive years (summers of 2016–2017). Shallow coral communities have been reported as especially affected. In this study, using underwater transects, we assessed the status of shallow coral reef communities in Kume Isl ...
aldehydes; algae; cardioprotective effect; cardiovascular diseases; cytotoxicity; fish; fish oils; krill; magnetism; mortality; mutagens; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; oxidation; sales
Abstract:
... Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality globally. Studies have suggested that supplementary ω-3 oils may provide cardiovascular protection, although the literature is equivocal. Recently, it has been established that many commercially available ω-3 supplements are unacceptably oxidized, leading to myriad potential health risks. One oxidation product of concern is aldehydes, ...
... Nanoparticles (NPs) often serve as carriers of background toxins and enhance their toxicity on aquatic organisms such as Ceriodaphnia dubia (C. dubia). However, foods, especially algae, are also present in natural water and impacts this type of toxicity. This study investigated the effect of algae on the combined toxicity of nano-TiO2 and lead (Pb). A mixture of yeast-trout chow-cereal leaves (YTC ...
... There were 88 species of algae and cyanobacteria observed from seven sites in the Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park (Hodgenville, Kentucky, USA). This was the first algal investigation study in the park. There were 21 samples collected, during the summer, on 16 July 2008. Algal flora, dominated by diatoms was represented by 54 species identified (61.4% of the total), 20 species o ...
algae; algae control; cities; habitats; hydrodynamics; monitoring; water quality; water supply; China
Abstract:
... The Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (MRP) is an important water supply for 20 large cities and 100 counties in Northern China. However, since 2016, the growth of large filamentous algae clusters has threatened the safety of the main canal water supply and water quality. In this study, a field investigation, monitoring, and hydrodynamic simulation were performed to analyz ...
... Studies on algae and cyanobacteria in phytotelmata have been known since the beginning of the last century, however only since the last 20 years have become more frequent, although in a smaller number than desirable considering the importance of this habitat type. Here, we provide a global overview based on all studies where algae and cyanobacteria have been reported in phytotelmata. In general, w ...
... Urbanization, industrialization, and natural earth processes have potentially increased the contamination of heavy metals (HMs) in water bodies. These HMs can accumulate in human beings through the consumption of contaminated water and food chains. Various clean-up technologies have been applied to sequester HMs, especially conventional methods including electrolytic technologies, ion exchange, pr ...
Bacillariophyceae; Chlorophyta; Cyanobacteria; air temperature; algae; biomass; global warming; hydrology; models; phosphorus; phytoplankton; pigments; pollution load; water quality; China
Abstract:
... Climate change is likely to stimulate variations in phytoplankton composition and production in gradually eutrophicating water, with negative consequences for the water quality of many reservoirs. This study analyzed the effects of climate warming and increased nutrient loading on algae communities recorded by sedimentary pigments in the Changtan Reservoir of southeastern China from 1985 to 2015. ...
... Algae are common all over the Earth. Due to their rich chemical composition and content of bioactive substances they have been used in many fields of industry. Their gelling, thickening and stabilizing properties have led to the development of such products as agar, alginate and carrageenan. Moreover, algae are used in the food industry as food supplements and an addition to functional food. Algae ...
algae; antineoplastic activity; autotrophs; drug therapy; marine environment; metabolites; metastasis; models; neoplasm cells; neoplasms; signal transduction; transporters
Abstract:
... Covering: 1957 to 2017 Algae constitute a heterogeneous group of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, mainly found in the marine environment. Algae produce numerous metabolites that help them cope with the harsh conditions of the marine environment. Because of their structural diversity and uniqueness, these molecules have recently gained a lot of interest for the identification of medicinally use ...
... The growing application of nanotechnology causes the release of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) into aquatic environments. With increasing concerns over the potential effect of NPs on aquatic organisms, investigations on NP toxicity to algae are rising. To date, the overall algal response to cope with NP toxicity is still uncertain. In this review, a meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively as ...
... Nanomaterials (NMs) tailored via conventional physicochemical routes play havoc with the environment that has led to the evolution of competent green routes for the actualization of a circular economy on an industrial-scale. Algae belonging to the class Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae have been harnessed as nano-machineries through intracellular and extracellular synthes ...
Bacillariophyceae; Phormidium; algae; anthropogenic activities; community structure; confidence interval; dominant species; dredging; ecosystems; estuaries; freshwater; mixing; plankton; rivers; saline water; sedimentation rate; sediments; species richness; standard deviation; turbidity; Georgia; Savannah River
Abstract:
... Estuaries are naturally dynamic ecosystems mixing fresh and marine waters, while consistently varying in depth and discharge due to diurnal tide shifts. Anthropogenic alterations impacting the Savannah River are expected to change the hydrology of the ecosystem and effect algal community structure and composition. The Savannah Harbor Expansion Project began recently with the aim of widening and de ...
... Algae play an important role in the internal nutrient cycling of shallow lakes and coves. Algae of shallow water bodies have been shown to thrive and even lead to eutrophic conditions despite a lack of measurable quantities of biologically available phosphorus (P) in the water during summer months. To study how sediment P release and algal growth are connected, water and sediment samples were coll ...
... Rapid developments in nanotechnology have led to the release of substantial amounts of nanoparticles (NPs) into aquatic environments, where many types of biotic particles are present and could potentially interact with the NPs. Nevertheless, how biotic particles may affect the bioaccumulation and toxicity of NPs remains largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the gree ...
... An excessive increase in algae often has various undesirable effects on drinking water supply systems, thus proper management is necessary. Algal monitoring and classification is one of the fundamental steps in the management of algal blooms. Conventional microscopic methods have been most widely used for algal classification, but such approaches are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Thus, the d ...
... The biodiversity of algal communities and environmental conditions were investigated in the springs of Mt. Konjuh. The assemblages of 20 springs emerging from different lithologies (limestones and ophiolites, respectively) comprised 234 algal taxa. Diatoms and cyanobacteria were the most species-rich groups. The most common alkaliphilic, circumneutral, and eutraphentic diatoms were represented by ...
algae; bioeconomics; biomass; biorefining; drugs; economic sustainability; fuels; research and development; risk; socioeconomics; value-added products
Abstract:
... In recent years, ever-increasing socio-economic awareness, and negative impact of excessive petro consumption have redirected the research interests towards bio-resources such as algal-based biomass. In order to meet current bio-economy challenges to produce high-value multiple products at a time, new integrated processes in research and development are necessary. Though various strategies have be ...
... Increased community diversity has been proposed as a strategy to increase productivity of algal cultures and reduce the risk of major pond collapses caused by grazing pests, which would enhance economics of wastewater-based mass algal cultivation. We tested whether higher algal diversity would increase biomass yield when grown in dairy wastewater, and whether polycultures would exceed the biomass ...
Oedogonium; Oscillatoria sancta; Spirogyra; Zygnema; algae; community structure; gardens; habitats; paddies; rice; seasonal variation; silica; tea; India
Abstract:
... Algal diversity in two rice fields of different surrounds in Hailakandi district, southern Assam, North-East India has been explored. The study documents the algal community structure in response to seasonal variation of physicochemical parameters of the water in the rice fields. A total of 92 algal species belonging to 53 genera under five classes has been recorded. The highest algal diversity wa ...
... In this work, the effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on fouling by algal solution during ultrafiltration using two different PAC dosing strategies: pre-depositing PAC onto the membrane surfaces or the conventional addition of PAC to the bulk feed. The addition of PAC by either mode improved the removal of extracellular organic matter (EOM) from the algal solution. However, for the pre-depos ...
... In this work, a lab-scale membrane system was developed to accommodate angular vibrations with a hollow fiber module. A series of filtration experiments were designed and implemented to investigate the effects of angular vibrations on fouling by various algae-derived foulants, including algal cells, debris, extracellular organic matter (EOM), and intracellular organic matter (IOM). The experimenta ...
Bacillariophyceae; Hydrurus foetidus; Ulothrix; algae; fiberglass reinforced plastics; irrigation; irrigation canals; roughness; solar radiation; velocimetry; water; water temperature; Japan
Abstract:
... In the A irrigation district in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan, a rehabilitation project is being implemented due to the aging of the irrigation facilities; 40 years have elapsed since the previous project was conducted. An overflow due to a rise in the canal water level occurred in early May of 2016. An increase in the roughness coefficient caused by algal growth in the canal was thought to be one of ...