An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
... Large-scale landslide dams triggered by earthquakes or rainfall can cause disasters due to inundation upstream and outburst floods downstream after dam failure. Landslide dams formed by rock/debris avalanches are loose in structure and have a lack of stability; thus they are more susceptible to breaking. The morphological and structural features of landslide dams directly depend on the formation p ...
... Hydraulic structures are often complex and in many cases their designs require attention so that the flow behavior around hydraulic structures and their influence on the environment can be predicted accurately. Currently, more efficient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes can solve the Navier–Stokes equations in three-dimensions and free surface computation in a significantly improved m ...
Bayesian theory; basins; dams (hydrology); drinking water; environmental health; heavy metals; humans; infrastructure; mine tailings; ponds; probability analysis; residential areas; risk; risk managers; rivers; simulation models; stakeholders; subwatersheds; water pollution; China
Abstract:
... Mine tailings ponds that contain heavy metals are sources of potential risk to human security and ecosystem health. China particularly faces challenge of accidental water pollution risk from more than 8869 mine tailings ponds in serve by 2015, some of which are close to residential areas and other important infrastructures within 1 km downstream. To address watershed-scale risk assessment of accid ...
case studies; cost effectiveness; dams (hydrology); digital elevation models; geographic information systems; geometry; hydrodynamics; hydrograph; infrastructure; mathematical models; prioritization; Alps region; Italy
Abstract:
... Mapping the delineation of areas that are flooded due to water control infrastructure failure is a critical issue. Practical difficulties often present challenges to the accurate and effective analysis of dam-break hazard areas. Such studies are expensive, lengthy, and require large volumes of incoming data and refined technical skills. The creation of cost-efficient geospatial tools provides rapi ...
at-risk population; dams (hydrology); death; empirical models; floods; human behavior; industry; physical models; risk; risk reduction; standards and grades; China
Abstract:
... Dam breach has catastrophic consequences for human lives and economy. In previous studies, empirical models are often, to a limited extent, due to the inadequacy of historical dam breach events. Physical models, which focus on simulating human behavior during floods, are not suitable for fast analysis of a large number of dams due to the complexities of many key parameters. Therefore, this paper p ...
... Labyrinth weirs provide an economic option for flow control structures in a variety of applications, including as spillways at dams. The cycles of labyrinth weirs are typically placed in a linear configuration. However, numerous projects place labyrinth cycles along an arc to take advantage of reservoir conditions and dam alignment, and to reduce construction costs such as narrowing the spillway c ...
... In the process of mineral development, large-scale flash floods (or debris flows) can be induced by the failure of landslide dams formed by the disorganized stacking of mine waste. In this study, the modes and processes of mine waste dam failures were explored using 13 experimental tests based on the field investigation of landslide dams in the Xiaoqinling gold mining area in China. Our 13 mine wa ...
... Rivers in Cameroon were surveyed to collect and document rheophytic plants. Rheophytes are the dominant aquatic macrophytes in tropical river systems, where they are adapted to extreme environments of rushing water (e.g., river rapids, waterfalls and flash floods). Rheophytic plants are useful indicators of river health. However, their habitats are threatened by human activities such as agricultur ...
aquatic ecosystems; dams (hydrology); heat transfer; laboratory experimentation; mathematical models; riparian areas; river water; sand; soil; thermal conductivity; water flow; water temperature
Abstract:
... Reservoirs are considered to result in significant changes to river water temperature. Discharge of deep water has a large impact on aquatic ecosystems downstream of dam and on both river banks. A laboratory sand tank test investigation was conducted to simulate water flow and thermal dynamics in the riparian zone. The sand temperature (ST) data generated were used to validate and compare HYDRUS-2 ...
Joshua Jones; Luca Börger; Jeroen Tummers; Peter Jones; Martyn Lucas; Jim Kerr; Paul Kemp; Simone Bizzi; Sofia Consuegra; Lucio Marcello; Andrew Vowles; Barbara Belletti; Eric Verspoor; Wouter Van de Bund; Peter Gough; Carlos Garcia de Leaniz
... Artificial barriers are one of the main threats to river ecosystems, resulting in habitat fragmentation and loss of connectivity. Yet, the abundance and distribution of most artificial barriers, excluding high-head dams, is poorly documented. We provide a comprehensive assessment of the distribution and typology of artificial barriers in Great Britain, and estimate for the first time the extent of ...
... The long‐term management of aridland riparian ecosystems impacted by dams is crucial to reduce losses of biodiversity, reduce extinction risks for species, and restore ecosystem services. When dams preclude natural flow, safeguarding aridland riparian ecosystems adapted to infrequent, catastrophic floods poses additional challenges owing to the need to consider biological and pattern legacies. Sev ...
Alosa sapidissima; adults; case studies; dams (hydrology); diadromous fish; fish communities; migratory behavior; probability; rivers; simulation models; space and time; spawning; species abundance; temperature; Maine
Abstract:
... Objectives for recovery of alosines commonly involve improving fish passage at dams during migration. However, a quantitative basis for dam passage performance standards is largely absent. We describe development of a stochastic life-history-based simulation model for American shad, Alosa sapidissima, to estimate effects of dam passage and migratory delay on abundance, spatial distribution of spaw ...
... Damming is one of the major methods that human being secure reliable freshwater. It can change flow magnitude and regime along a river, particularly for Transboundary Rivers shared by multiple jurisdictions. This study develops a coupled framework to assess both the current and future cumulative impacts of damming on downstream water availability for data-sparse regions like the Tibetan Plateau. T ...
climate; dams (hydrology); decision support systems; drainage; energy; neural networks; risk; water power; weather forecasting; Oklahoma
Abstract:
... A generic and scalable scheme is proposed for forecasting reservoir inflow to optimize reservoir operations for hydropower maximization. Short-term weather forecasts and antecedent hydrological variables were inputs to a three-layered hydrologically-relevant Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to forecast inflow for 7-days of lead-time. Application of the scheme was demonstrated over 23 dams in U.S. w ...
... A weathering profile of an unlined fine ash tailings dam was established with the aid of static and kinetic tests to determine the leachate composition across a tailings dam profile and to evaluate its impact on the underlying aquifers. Kinetic leaching results indicated that SO42−, Ca2+, Na+, Cl−, Mg2+ and K+ ions were highly soluble in both, fresh and weathered fine ash. Leaching rates of elemen ...
basins; case studies; dams (hydrology); dynamic programming; economic impact; infrastructure; models; rivers; water allocation; watersheds; Nile River
Abstract:
... A novel integrated hydro-economic modeling framework that links a bottom-up partial equilibrium (engineering) model with a top-down (economic) general equilibrium model is developed for assessing the regional economic impacts of water resources management and infrastructure development decisions in a transboundary river basin. The engineering model is employed first to solve the water allocation p ...
dams (hydrology); equations; hydrograph; mass movement; model validation; silt; simulation models; water reservoirs
Abstract:
... Debris flow is a natural phenomenon that requires appropriate structural measures such as detention dams to reduce hazards resulting from it. The objective of this paper is to present a two-dimensional numerical model to investigate debris flow deposition in the reservoir of the detention slit dams. The governing equations include shallow water equations considering the bed level variation, sedime ...
... Analysis that link hydrological processes with oceanographic dispersion offer a promising approach for assessing impacts of land-based activities on marine ecosystems. However, such an analysis has not yet been customised to quantify specific pressures from mining activities on marine biodiversity including those from spillages resulting from tailing dam failure. Here, using a Brazilian catchment ...
... A multi-technique approach is proposed to study sand dynamics in an engineered piedmont river. Only a few studies focused on such systems and innovative methodological protocols still need to be designed to better understand sand transport in piedmont rivers where bedload dynamics has been largely modified with nowadays a residual sand transport on a fixed gravel matrix. The proposed methodology i ...
... The benefits of dams are unquestionable, with the water impoundment upstream and flood-control downstream usually being sufficient to increase investments and promote growth. However, their presence brings risks to the downstream population and the environment. This paper employs a fuzzy approximate reasoning for dam safety risk assessment, initially using a FAHP to weight the importance of the in ...
algorithms; anthropogenic activities; case studies; dams (hydrology); ecosystems; humans; models; rivers; sustainable development; water reservoirs; water shortages; China
Abstract:
... Although construction of reservoirs and dams is one of the most common approaches to satisfy water demand and alleviate water scarcity, this approach severely affects river ecosystems. The most direct impact of human activities on rivers, for instance, regulating river can lead to degraded riverine ecosystems as part of the hydrological alteration. This paper determines the available ratio of wate ...
Luis Artur Valões Bezerra; Matheus Oliveira Freitas; Vanessa Salete Daga; Thiago Vinicius Trento Occhi; Larissa Faria; Ana Paula Lula Costa; Andre Andrian Padial; Viviane Prodocimo; Jean Ricardo Simões Vitule
agribusiness; aquaculture; aquatic ecosystems; climate change; conservation status; dams (hydrology); diagnostic techniques; ecological invasion; economic development; environmental policy; fish; fisheries; hybrids; meta-analysis; pollution; social welfare; species richness; synergism; South America
Abstract:
... While environmental alterations have made Homo sapiens the hyperkeystone species of the globe, biotic homogenization initiated a new era, the “Homogenocene.” Still, some terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in South America are considered pristine and wild, which can lead to a general faith that economic progress is consistent with conservation strategies, even without scientific support. We compile ...
anthropogenic activities; dams (hydrology); environmental impact; freshwater ecosystems; humans; hydrology; rivers; water use efficiency; watersheds
Abstract:
... Ensuring water is available for human use usually requires dams and reservoirs that severely affect river ecosystems. Hydrological alteration by river damming represents one of the most prominent human impacts on freshwater ecosystems. This paper presents a methodological approach to assessing the natural patterns of flow variability and hydrological alterations in Mediterranean rivers. The method ...
Bivalvia; Gastropoda; dams (hydrology); fauna; freshwater; lakes; molluscs; new genus; new species; rivers; surveys; watersheds
Abstract:
... In a survey of the mollusc fauna of the Ceyhan River Basin, including rivers, natural lakes, dam lakes and springs between June 2008 and September 2014, a total of 20 species of Gastropoda and 8 species of Bivalvia were identified. Two of these species are new to science, and for one of them a new genus is erected: the hydrobiid Hemite ceyhanensis gen. n., sp. n., and the bithyniid Pseudobithynia ...
batteries; capital; cost effectiveness; dams (hydrology); decision making; economic impact; ecosystems; energy; environmental impact; issues and policy; operating costs; simulation models; stream flow; water power
Abstract:
... Hydropower plants frequently operate at high output during peak hours and at low output (or even shutoff) during off-peak hours. This scheme, called “hydropeaking”, is harmful to downstream ecosystems. Operational constraints (minimum flows, maximum ramps) are frequently used to mitigate the impacts of hydropeaking. However, they reduce the operational flexibility of hydroelectric dams and increas ...
dams (hydrology); dry season; environmental health; lentic systems; lotic systems; monitoring; phytoplankton; rivers; water power; wet season; zooplankton; Brazil
Abstract:
... We developed and validated a Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity for subtropical reservoirs to assess their ecosystem health. For this purpose, we analyzed the phytoplankton and zooplankton communities and determined reservoir trophic status in the Paranapanema River system (Southeast Brazil). Eleven dams were constructed in the main course of this river to supply hydropower plants. Three of the ...
algorithms; dams (hydrology); decision making; hydrology; issues and policy; supply balance; temporal variation; water storage; water supply; Egypt
Abstract:
... Dams and reservoirs provide decision-makers and managers with appropriate control on the available water resources, allowing the implementation of various strategies for the most efficient usage of the available water resources. In areas where water supply exhibits significant temporal variation when compared with the demand, the challenge is to bridge the gap and achieve an optimal match between ...
altitude; aquifers; dams (hydrology); groundwater; groundwater extraction; industrialization; landscapes; prediction; streams; urbanization; water table; waterways; India
Abstract:
... The integrated study of geomorphology and hydrogeology could be significant in predicting and assessing the groundwater environment of ecologically sensitive terrains such as the Tarai region in North India. In this article, we integrate topographic elevation, stream network, water level data, and input and output stresses acting on the aquifer to understand the hydrological processes and linkages ...
... Anthropogenic activities have aggravated nutritional status of lakes. Hydrological regime of Poyang Lake has been altered since the operation of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD). Will this further affect the nutritional status of Poyang Lake? We studied the dynamic changes of the nutritional status of Poyang Lake between 2003 and 2015 under this new hydrological regime. A regulating rule of hydrological ...
... Mass wasting and tectonic uplift are the major factors, responsible for reshaping the northern Pakistan that contains the world’s most steeply inclined mountainous regions including: Karakoram, Himalayas, and Hindukush Ranges. The role of GIS and remote sensing is inevitable to study the river geomorphology for the identification and evaluation of different mass wasting processes. digital elevatio ...
... Sustainable utilization of water resources requires preventive measures that must be taken to promote optimal use of water resources together with consideration of stakeholder interests and the economic value of water. The main objective of this study is to present an integrated hydro-economic model for allocating agricultural water based on its economic value. The study region covered six irrigat ...
... In order to evaluate the recurrence of toxic cyanobacterial blooms and to determine the survival capabilities of the resistance cells through time, a sedimentary core spanning 6700 years was drilled in the eutrophic Lake Aydat. A multiproxy approach (density, magnetic susceptibility, XRF, pollen and non-pollen palynomorph analyses), was used initially to determine the sedimentation model and the l ...
... Nonlinear weirs are regarded as important hydraulic structures for water level adjustment and flow control in channels, rivers and dam reservoirs. One example of non-linear weirs is shaped as curved-zigzag. The crest axis of these weirs is non-linear. At a given width, the crest length is greater than that of the conventional linear weirs. Thus, they achieve a higher flow rate for an identical hyd ...
... In this paper, an analytical solution is investigated in the zero-inertia problem for surge flow phenomena in non-prismatic channels considering the impact of infiltration (introduced by Technische Univ. Dresden) in dry-channels under drought and wet conditions in a semi-arid climate in Iran. The hydrodynamic analytical model introduced by Dresden University is free of numerical troubles, easy to ...
algorithms; carbon; dams (hydrology); decision support systems; emissions; energy use and consumption; mathematical models; planning; system optimization
Abstract:
... In recent years, the environmental pollutions at the Three Gorges Dam have become an increasingly concerning issue of the Chinese government. One of the most significant environmental problems is the carbon emissions from the lockage operations at the two ship locks of the Three Gorges Dam. Currently, due to the large amount of vessels passing through the dam, there is always a long queue of vesse ...
... Natural and manmade disasters have occurred more frequently due mainly to climate change and human pressure for productivity. One of the world's vastest disasters in the mining industry occurred due to the collapse of the Fundao dam, Brazil, which discharged about 43 million m3 of iron tailings at the Doce River basin. Extreme natural events also affect this region and provoke substantial mass mov ...
biodiversity; carrying capacity; case studies; computer software; concrete; dams (hydrology); ecosystem services; electricity; energy; environmental assessment; environmental impact; environmental performance; eutrophication; global warming; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; guidelines; land use change; life cycle assessment; organic matter; rivers; steel; water power; India
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: In the last years, India has taken a number of initiatives to boost small hydropower development based on the assumption of being a green energy source with only limited disturbances on the social and natural environments. However, its real environmental performances have not been examined. The intention of this paper is to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of Small Hydropower ...
atomic absorption spectrometry; cadmium; chromium; crime; dams (hydrology); developed countries; forensic sciences; groundwater; groundwater contamination; groundwater flow; guidelines; health hazards; heavy metals; hospitals; hydrologic models; landfills; lead; mercury; rivers; sludge; waste treatment; zinc; India
Abstract:
... Indian statutes identify twelve different types of biomedical wastes and give the treatment and disposal options for each. Since it is not possible for every generator of biomedical waste to go for their own treatment and disposal facility, the small-scale generators take the service of centralized treatment and disposal facilities available to them on payment. In the state of Kerala in India, whe ...
... This study proposes an improved nonstationary model for flood frequency analysis by investigating the relationship between flood peak and flood volume, using the Three Gorges Dam (TGD), China, for verification. First, the generalized additive model for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) is used as the prior distribution. Then, under Bayesian theory, the prior distribution is updated using the cond ...
... The conservation of land-locked populations of migratory fishes is increasingly important in the era of dam removal and habitat reconnection. We used an otolith strontium (Sr) tracer (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr) to test the hypothesis that a land-locked population of an endangered salmonine species, Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi), retains the capacity for anadromy, and that some individuals out-migrate from th ...
coagulation; computer software; dams (hydrology); desalination; drinking water; drinking water treatment; heavy metals; iron; seawater; sediments; sludge; sulfate-reducing bacteria; sulfates; sulfur; turbidity; water pollution; water quality; zinc; Algeria
Abstract:
... This research work aimed to assess the water quality, speciation of heavy metals in sediments and water, and the drinking water treatment plant in an important Algerian reservoir (Timgad dam, Batna). Algeria has invested billions of dollars in large seawater desalination plants and dams; however, the water quality remains a serious issue, hence this research. The high concentration (≥ 400 mg/l) of ...
Bayesian theory; basins; case studies; climate change; dams (hydrology); hydrology; planning; rain; time series analysis; water power; water quality; water shortages; watersheds; North Korea; South Korea
Abstract:
... Water resource planning in a trans-boundary river basin is complex because of different institutional and scientific concerns and it may become increasingly difficult as a consequence of water scarcity caused by climate change. The analysis of discharge variations in a trans-boundary river basin is very important because the results can be key to resolve complex problems including decreased hydrop ...
dams (hydrology); livelihood; rivers; stream flow; watersheds; wetlands; Bangladesh; India
Abstract:
... The Tangon river (267 km long), of India and Bangladesh, is highly affected by the construction of the dam (1989) at 10 km west of Boda in Panchgarh district, Bangladesh. The aim of the current work is to find out the impacts of flow change on hydrological and ecological components in the Tangon river and riparian wetlands using indicators of hydrologic alteration (IHA). Estimation of threshold fl ...
dams (hydrology); dredging; islands; mathematical models; sediments; water reservoirs
Abstract:
... Plain reservoirs are shallow, and have low dams and widespread water surfaces. Therefore, wind-wave-induced damage to the dam is one of the important factors affecting the safety of the reservoir. To improve upon unsatisfactory plain reservoir wave-clipping schemes, a numerical method is proposed to predict and analyze waves in the reservoir in the presence of artificial islands, constructed from ...
anaerobic ammonium oxidation; anthropogenic activities; bacterial communities; dams (hydrology); denitrification; ecosystems; mountains; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; rivers; sediments; spatial variation; species diversity; stable isotopes; total organic carbon; tracer techniques; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... Increasing attention has been paid to anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in river ecosystems due to their special role in the global nitrogen cycle from land to the ocean. This study have revealed the spatial patterns of anammox bacterial response to geographic characteristics and dam operation along the Yangtze River, using ¹⁵N tracers and molecular analyses of microbial communities in sedime ...
ammonium nitrogen; community structure; dams (hydrology); environmental factors; hydrology; land restoration; nitrogen; organic carbon; phytomass; riparian areas; soil pH; species diversity; stochastic processes; submergence; topsoil; China
Abstract:
... Since the completion of Three Gorges Dam in 2008, a large water-level fluctuation zone with anti-seasonal submergence has formed between the elevations of 145 m and 175 m in the Three Gorges Reservoir in China. In addition to hydrological regime, revegetation has also occurred in this water-level fluctuation zone. However, how the hydrological regime and revegetation regulate soil prokaryotic comm ...
... The response of floodplain wetlands to changes in river hydrology caused by different dam operation strategies in arid regions has attracted worldwide attention in recent decades. However, less is known about quantifying the effects of dam operations on wetlands in different lateral zones located in low-gradient floodplains in arid regions using remote sensing and hydrological time series. In this ...
dams (hydrology); data collection; model validation; neural networks; rain; rivers; watersheds; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Flood forecasting is an essential requirement in integrated water resource management. This paper suggests a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network model for flood forecasting, where the daily discharge and rainfall were used as input data. Moreover, characteristics of the data sets which may influence the model performance were also of interest. As a result, the Da River basin in Vietnam wa ...
... AIM: To determine whether reintroduced beavers, as an example of native herbivorous megafauna, can increase freshwater biodiversity at the landscape scale and to compare effects on two contrasting taxonomic groups. LOCATION: South‐central Sweden. METHODS: We collected data on plant and water beetle composition and supporting environmental variables from 20 closely located wetlands, half created fr ...
case studies; dams (hydrology); flood control; neural networks; planning; prediction; rain; support vector machines
Abstract:
... Inflow prediction of reservoirs is of considerable importance due to its application in water resources management related to downstream water release planning and flood protection. Therefore, in this research, different new input patterns for predicting inflow to Zayandehroud dam reservoir is proposed employing artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) models. Nine differen ...
... The temporal shoreline position is a key indicator of coastal development and provides information on beach dynamics. Previous studies have indicated that there is a strong relationship between riverine sediment fluxes and beach volume. As such, worldwide hydroelectric projects and the associated damming infrastructure have decreased suspended sediment loads, and consequently increasing coastal er ...
dams (hydrology); drinking water; floodplains; humans; irrigation; issues and policy; remote sensing; rivers; roads; sediments; topographic maps; urbanization; water power; water supply; India
Abstract:
... Ongoing demands for irrigation, drinking water supplies and hydropower generation encourage human beings to construct dams and reservoirs on rivers. Such engineering structures together with embankments may protect downstream areas from flooding, can give short-term benefits but may degrade the natural or pristine condition of a river by altering the longitudinal and lateral connectivity of water ...
Meishan; dams (hydrology); hydrograph; planning; prediction; risk; risk assessment; China
Abstract:
... Flood frequency analysis plays a fundamental role in dam planning, reservoir operation, and risk assessment. However, conventional univariate flood frequency analysis carried out by flood peak inflow or volume does not account for the dependence between flood properties. In this paper, we proposed an integrated approach to estimate reservoir risk by combining the copula-based bivariate flood frequ ...
dams (hydrology); environmental impact; hydrology; models; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... As the largest hydroelectric dam in the world, the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) has raised wide concerns over the environmental and ecological impacts since its dramatic effect on the downstream flow regime of the Yangtze River. Since 2003, the TGD has progressed from the initial operation period to the full operation period, with different effects on the downstream flow regime over each period. Althoug ...
... Riparian and deltaic areas exhibit a high biodiversity and offer a number of ecosystem services but are often degraded by human activities. Dams, for example, alter the hydrologic and sediment regimes of rivers and can negatively affect riparian areas and deltas. In order to sustainably manage these ecosystems, it is, therefore, essential to assess and monitor the impacts of dams. To this end, sit ...
anthropogenic activities; coastal plains; dams (hydrology); data analysis; ecoregions; estuaries; heavy metals; issues and policy; phosphorus; relative risk; risk assessment; soil; surveys; vegetation; wetlands; United States
Abstract:
... We analyzed data from 967 randomly selected wetland sites across the conterminous United States (US) as part of the 2011 National Wetland Condition Assessment (NWCA) to investigate the relative and attributable risk of various stressors on wetland vegetation condition. Indicators of stress included six physical stressors (damming, ditching, filling/erosion, hardening, vegetation removal, and veget ...
Bacillariophyceae; aquatic plants; dams (hydrology); ecological invasion; ecosystems; floodplains; flora; invasive species; land clearing; land use change; pastoralism; river flow; river regulation; rivers; sediments; watersheds; wetlands; Australia; Great Barrier Reef
Abstract:
... The Burdekin River floodplain wetlands are internationally important and act as a sink for sediments and nutrients that would otherwise enter the World Heritage‐listed Great Barrier Reef lagoon. The Burdekin River has the highest natural discharge of any Great Barrier Reef catchment and contributes the greatest mass of sediment to the reef. The river and its catchment have been substantially modif ...
... In this paper, we assessed 2010 flood-generating factors and extent of damages in one of the severely affected areas in the Central Indus Basin, Pakistan. This study is based on mixed research approach. Primary data were collected through a standard questionnaire using random sampling techniques, unstructured interviews, and field observations. Secondary data were acquired from concerned governmen ...
Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; basins; climate change; dams (hydrology); groundwater; groundwater recharge; monitoring; rivers; water table; watersheds; weirs; South Korea
Abstract:
... This study was to evaluate the groundwater-level behavior in Geum River Basin (9645.5 km2) of South Korea with HadGEM3-RA RCP 4.5 and 8.5 climate change scenarios and future groundwater use data using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT). Before evaluating future groundwater behavior, the SWAT model was calibrated and validated using the daily inflows and storage of two dams (DCD and YDD) in ...
... Two-dimensional (2D) numerical models are useful tools for studying river morphology. Frequently, 2D numerical models are often applied to predict the impacts of the artificial changes to rivers and estuaries. These changes may be caused by altered watershed hydrology, variations in the sediment supply and the construction of artificial works such as dams, embankments and tidal gutters. The aim of ...
... Considerable controversy exists among researchers over the behavior of glaciers in the Upper Indus Basin (UIB) with regard to climate change. Glacier monitoring studies using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing techniques have given rise to contradictory results for various reasons. This uncertain situation deserves a thorough examination of the statistical trends of tempera ...
... HydroClimatic Conceptual Streamflow (HCCS) model is a conceptual model for prediction and future assessment of daily streamflow using climate inputs and time-varying watershed characteristics. However, without denying its useful salient features in a changing climate, applicability of the HCCS model is limited to the basins without any major man-made river structure(s), such as reservoirs. Conside ...
case studies; dams (hydrology); ecosystems; gauges; issues and policy; rivers; Spain
Abstract:
... Nowadays, alteration of the natural flow regime is considered one the most widespread and damaging impacts for river ecosystems. Hence, increasing our understanding of large-scale hydrological alteration patterns would help us design more effective water use policies. The present study aims to establish general patterns of hydrological alteration caused by dams on a national level, with Spain as a ...
... Mining activities are important for the country’s economy, but they cause serious threats to the environment. The geology of SW Turkey comprises Southern (Çine) Submassif of Menderes Metamorphic Massif and the Lycian Nappes. These geological units are unconformably overlain by lignite-bearing Miocene deposits, Upper Miocene–Pliocene conglomerates and Quaternary alluvial deposits. The aim of this s ...
Mediterranean climate; biodiversity; dams (hydrology); geometry; least squares; models; mountains; planning; population characteristics; principal component analysis; riparian vegetation; sediments; variance; watersheds; Italy
Abstract:
... In mountainous torrents of the Mediterranean environment the riparian vegetation is strongly influenced by the presence of engineering control works, since these structures bring heavy modifications in channel geometry, hydraulic regime and bed sediment size. Previous investigations have shown high linear correlations between physical (section shape, profile slope, specific discharge, surface and ...
aerial photography; basins; case studies; dams (hydrology); regression analysis; remote sensing; rivers; shorelines; time series analysis; topographic maps; Turkey (country)
Abstract:
... The aim of our study was to determine the erosion rates and shoreline changes in the Yeşilırmak Delta (Delta) between the oldest available date (1953) before construction of the large-scale dams on the Yeşilırmak River in northern Turkey and 2017. To clearly illustrate the impacts of the dams on the Delta, we investigated the relationship between the dams and shoreline changes. To compute the net ...
case studies; computer software; dams (hydrology); geographic information systems; hydrology; regression analysis; rivers; sediments; shorelines; Turkey (country)
Abstract:
... Dams, which indeed have many benefits, are hydraulic structures that retain sediments in the rivers on which they are built. This property of dams can cause hydrological and geomorphological alterations in parts of the river beneath these structures. Among the three largest coastal valleys of the Anatolian Peninsula, Kızılırmak Delta suffers from geomorphological changes as a result of large dams ...
Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; aquatic habitat; basins; climate; computer software; dams (hydrology); land cover; landscapes; streams; subwatersheds; water quality; weirs; South Korea
Abstract:
... The watershed health, vulnerability and recovery potential for determining protection and restoration priorities were assessed for the Han River basin (34,148 km²) in South Korea. Six components, including the watershed landscape, stream geomorphology, hydrology, water quality, aquatic habitat conditions, and biological conditions, were used to evaluate the watershed health (basin natural capacity ...
... We studied reproduction of three species of crocodilians, Paleosuchus trigonatus, Caiman crocodilus and Melanosuchus niger, in the Xingu River, near the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam. The periods of laying and hatching of eggs were estimated for each nest before (2013–2014) and after (2016–2017) the river was dammed and the reservoir was formed. Nesting of the three species occurred between August ...
automatic detection; climate change; dams (hydrology); data collection; geographic information systems; landscapes; models; planning
Abstract:
... Structural measures for retaining and distributing water—i.e., reservoirs, flood retention and power plants—play a key role to protect and feed a growing world population in a rapidly changing climate. In this work, we introduce an automated method to detect potential reservoir or retention area locations in digital terrain models. In this context, a potential reservoir is a larger ter ...
... Balancing the multiple purposes of reservoir operation, including the social, economic, and ecological aspects, has become one of the most complicated problems facing the managers and operators worldwide. This paper formulates a detailed mathematical model to optimize the reservoir operation during the flood season, considering the three major operational purposes, i.e. flood control (social purpo ...
Bayesian theory; dams (hydrology); earthquakes; geophysics; models; probability analysis; risk; risk assessment; risk reduction; uncertainty; watersheds; China
Abstract:
... The risk assessment of a super-large dam exposed to multiple natural risk sources is arduous because of uncertainties in the complex environmental system. Few risk assessment studies consider all of the following factors: the cascade dam effects, the major natural hazard sources and the probabilistic relations between the influencing factors. In this study, we present a Bayesian model of risk anal ...
... As part of a general trend towards river management solutions that provide more room for the river, longitudinal training dams (LTDs) have recently been constructed in the inner bend of the Dutch Waal River, replacing groynes. LTDs split the river in a main channel and a bank-connected side channel with a sill at the entrance. In the present study, a physical scale model with mobile bed was used t ...
bedload; concrete; culverts; dams (hydrology); flood control; floods; gravel; human resources; lakes; mountains; prediction; river engineering; riverbank protection; rivers; sand; sediment deposition; spring; stream channels; water reservoirs; watersheds
Abstract:
... The prediction and calculation of the volume of gravel and/or sand transported down streams and rivers—called bed-load transport is one of the most difficult things for river engineers and designers because, in addition to field measurements, personnel involved in such activities need to be highly experienced. Bed-load transport treated by many engineers marginally or omitted and often recei ...
Salmo salar; acoustics; behavior change; dams (hydrology); fish development; juveniles; lighting; migratory behavior; rivers; salmon; smolts; telemetry; France
Abstract:
... The development of passage systems for migratory fish is crucial to mitigate the impact of river fragmentation. Concerning downstream migration of juvenile salmon (smolts), understanding their behaviour is a key to improving the efficiency of bypass systems. Among devices to improve efficiency, artificial lighting has proved effective in certain situations. Based on (1) recent observations of earl ...
Salmo salar; dams (hydrology); females; fish ladders; gender differences; habitats; hatcheries; juveniles; males; mariculture; models; radio frequency identification; rearing; rivers; salmon; smolts; spawning; Latvia
Abstract:
... Where migrating fish have to pass multiple dams, very high passage performance is required at the series of obstacles to avoid accumulated negative effects of multiple dam passage. In some rivers, migrating fish are trapped, transported past several obstacles, and released to continue their migration. Such trap-and-transport solutions, however, have seldom been evaluated. In the Daugava River, Lat ...
... Recent deforestation rates in Cambodia are among the world’s largest, while hydropower development has accelerated in the Mekong region. Deforestation accelerates erosion, increasing river sediments heading to reservoirs and decreasing hydropower production. Forest protection could be seen as a service to hydropower, which the FOR-POWER model quantifies. Using recent deforestation estimates, annua ...
Prochilodus lineatus; dams (hydrology); environmental management; fauna; fish; fish ladders; habitat connectivity; migratory behavior; probability; rivers; Brazil
Abstract:
... The conservation of migratory fish species worldwide has been threatened by the loss of longitudinal connectivity caused by dams intercepting large rivers. One environmental management strategy for reestablishing connectivity is providing passage through fish ladders. However, ladders in Neotropical rivers have been described as ascending one‐way routes. We analysed the movements of Prochilodus li ...
altitude; climate; dams (hydrology); fish; habitat destruction; indigenous species; species diversity; temperature; water reservoirs; watersheds; China; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... The Yangtze River is a biodiversity hotspot, and it has the most diverse fish assemblages on Earth. Dam construction is one of the main causes of fish biodiversity decline. The Three Gorges Dam (TGD) is the world’s largest hydroelectric dam, which is a cause of concern for ecologists worldwide, mainly regarding the negative impacts on biodiversity and the ecological processes in the region. Inform ...
... The principles of island biogeography are rarely applied to the animal assemblages of Amazonian river islands. Here, we compare bird assemblages of Amazonian river islands with a variety of mainland habitats. We also examine how bird species diversity and composition are related to island physical attributes. Birds were sampled with mist nets and qualitative censuses on 11 river islands and 24 mai ...
Salmonidae; dams (hydrology); ecological function; ecosystems; fish; fish communities; humans; hydroelectric power; river flow; rivers; species diversity; water quality; Quebec
Abstract:
... River flow regulation, fragmentation, and changes in water quality caused by dams have varying effects on aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functions, but are not clearly resolved in boreal ecosystems. We adopted a multiscale approach to quantify fish community trajectories over 20 years using a network of sites spread across four reservoirs in two hydroelectricity complexes in northern Quebec, w ...
European Union; Salmonidae; dams (hydrology); fish; governance; migratory behavior; rivers; water power; Finland
Abstract:
... Historically, Finnish rivers supported vital populations of migratory salmonids. Presently, these species are more or less endangered due to extensive damming and hydropower production. In this article, we study the main legal and scientific drivers for re-evaluating some of the existing hydropower operations in Finland. We argue that there is a need for re-evaluation on the basis of legal obligat ...
... Three hydroelectric reservoirs (Kralkızı, Dicle and Batman) in the Tigris River basin (Turkey) were sampled monthly during one year in order to reveal spatial and seasonal changes in aqueous partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and to estimate diffusive fluxes of CO2 from the reservoirs’ surface water. pCO2 concentrations did not show significant spatial differences, while they showed significant season ...
... Environmental flow releases are an effective tool to meet multiple management objectives, including maintaining river conveyance, restoring naturally functioning riparian plant communities, and controlling invasive species. In this context, predicting plant mortality during floods remains a key area of uncertainty for both river managers and ecologists, particularly with respect to how flood hydra ...
... Habitat degradation and fragmentation have been the leading cause of reduced fishery yields in many freshwater ecosystems around the world. In Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China, recent hydrological changes driven by the operation of Three Gorges Dam (TGD) and drought have caused a drastic loss of fishery resources. In response, managers have planned to build a sluice at Poyang Lake ...
carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide production; dams (hydrology); drawdown; environmental factors; flood control; greenhouse gas emissions; monitoring; seasonal variation; spring; summer; water power; water temperature; watersheds; China
Abstract:
... In recent years, researchers have given an increasing amount of attention to carbon matter interception and greenhouse gas emissions from large hydropower reservoirs. The Geheyan Reservoir was selected as a typical canyon case to carry out continuous measurements of greenhouse gas fluxes from March 2015 to February 2016. Carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes from the interface between the water and atmosphe ...
... Water resources optimal allocation in large complex water systems such as multi-reservoir dams is a challenging task for decision makers. Wide range of decision variables as well as difficult nonlinear optimization problems (highly nonlinear problems) make it difficult to use optimization approaches. Alternatively, simulation–optimization approaches are then providing more realistic and applicable ...
A. Michelle Wargo Rub; Nicholas A. Som; Mark J. Henderson; Benjamin P. Sandford; Donald M. Van Doornik; David J. Teel; Matthew J. Tennis; Olaf P. Langness; Bjorn K. van der Leeuw; David D. Huff
Alosa sapidissima; Eumetopias jubatus; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Zalophus californianus; adults; dams (hydrology); estuaries; models; mortality; predation; regression analysis; rivers; salmon; transponders; Columbia River; United States
Abstract:
... Considerable effort towards conservation has contributed to the recovery of historically depleted pinniped populations worldwide. However, in several locations where pinnipeds have increased, they have been blamed for preventing the recovery of commercially valuable fish species through predation. Prompted by increasing pinniped abundance within the Columbia River (CR), USA, over a 6-year period, ...
anthropogenic activities; autumn; base flow; climate change; dams (hydrology); evapotranspiration; rivers; winter; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... Hydrologic regimes are increasingly altered under the impacts of climate change and human activities. Streamflow data from 1960 to 2014 were analysed to investigate changes in the flow regimes in the Yangtze River using multiple hydrologic metrics and the Budyko framework. The long‐term data were separated into two periods: the preimpact period (1960–2002) and the postimpact period (2003–2014), ac ...
... The Tennessee–Tombigbee Waterway is among the largest and most expensive environmental engineering projects of the 20ᵗʰ century. The waterway accommodates barge navigation between the Tennessee River Drainage and Mobile River Basin through a series of locks, dams, canals, and dredged and diverted streams. These structures have altered riverine habitat and fragmented lotic habitats resulting in iso ...
... Channel adjustments in Iranian rivers have been intense over the last decades due to natural and human factors. Iran has six major basins, all with different climates, from very humid to very arid. This work is a review of the available studies and data about channel adjustments in Iranian rivers, and aims to reconstruct a first outline, at a national scale, of types, magnitude, and causes of adju ...
... The lower Guadalquivir River has been subjected to a series of channel adjustments over the last 250 years, mainly in response to human factors and disturbances. From 1778 to 1918, the results show an oscillation in the sinuosity along the upstream segment and a reduction along the downstream segment in response to artificial cut-offs. The first phase of incision started in approximately the 1840s ...
... The need for reducing erosion and sediment transport, and protecting human settlements has urged the construction of channel control works in mountain streams. Such works include different structures, the check dams being probably the most widespread and archetypical. The performance of channel control works in mountain streams has usually been evaluated based on their effectiveness in stabilizing ...
... This paper focuses on the analysis of changes observed in channel morphology in the Serpis River (Alicante, Spain), a gravel‐bed river dammed since 1958. The paper analyses flow series and several aerial images, prior and subsequent to dam construction, to analyse changes in channel morphology and vegetation colonisation using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) techniques. Results show a conca ...
... This study investigates the hydraulic heterogeneity of the alluvial aquifer underneath the dam and the stilling basin of a flood protection structure in Northern Italy. The knowledge of the interactions between the water in the reservoir upstream of the dam and the groundwater levels is relevant for the stability of the structure. A Bayesian Geostatistical Approach (BGA) combined with a groundwate ...
dams (hydrology); fish; screening; stakeholders; turbines; water power; Idaho
Abstract:
... Siphon turbines are an attractive type of small-scale hydropower turbines because they can be retrofitted into existing structures where there is already a drop in water elevation. A siphon turbine conveys water from an upper reservoir to a lower reservoir through the use of a siphon structure that goes over the top of the dam. A small, neutrally buoyant autonomous sensor package known as a Sensor ...
... In many wetlands the timing and duration of inundation determine ecological characteristics and the provision of ecosystem services; however, wetland conservation decisions often rely on static maps of wetland boundaries that do not capture their dynamic hydrological variability and connectivity. The Amazon River basin contains some of the world's most extensive wetlands, many of which are floodpl ...
... PURPOSE: The sediment yield and erosion rate in an area can be estimated by calculating the volume of sediment retained by check dams. However, results can show unrealistic and imprecise conclusions if the sediment volume is not measured accurately, as tolerable erosion rates are usually below 10 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our previous research developed a topographic method (the Sectio ...
... Check dams can modify local channel and sedimentological characteristics through sediment deposition in upstream sedimentary wedges and scour processes downstream of individual check dams. However, research focusing on the channel reaches between subsequent check dams (referred to here as intermediate reaches) is limited. We evaluated channel complexity and its selected dimensions (longitudinal an ...
... Management of water resources is an important issue for better use of water. In this study surface water quality in two stations, located upstream and downstream of Jare Dam in Zard River, was investigated. Water quality was assessed 5 years before and after constructing the dam by using principal component analysis (PCA). To realize the influence of precipitation on water surface quality, standar ...