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1. Recovery of species richness lags behind functional recovery in restored grasslands

Author:
Tölgyesi, Csaba; Török, Péter; Kun, Róbert; Csathó, András István; Bátori, Zoltán; Erdős, László; Vadász, Csaba
Source:
Land degradation & development 2019 v.30 no.9 pp. 1083-1094
ISSN:
1085-3278
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; cropland; functional diversity; grasses; grasslands; habitats; indigenous species; land use; landscapes; sowing; species richness;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Restoration of grasslands on abandoned croplands is a major opportunity for land development in degraded landscapes. In this study, we compared the success of three restoration measures, spontaneous recovery, perennial‐crop–mediated restoration, and sowing native grasses, by using a unique combination of species‐based and trait‐based approaches. We sampled 373 4‐m² plots in nearly 1,000 ha of 20‐y ...
DOI:
10.1002/ldr.3295

2. Characterization of a novel enantioselective aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide-hydrolyzing carboxylesterase from Brevundimonas sp. QPT-2

Author:
Xu, Xinyun; Wang, Jiahao; Yu, Ting; Nian, Haohan; Zhang, Hui; Wang, Guangli; Li, Fang
Source:
Process biochemistry 2019
ISSN:
1359-5113
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Brevundimonas; Escherichia coli; bioremediation; carboxylesterase; cleavage (chemistry); enantioselectivity; genes; grasses; herbicides; hydrolysis;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Aryloxyphenoxypropionate (AOPP) herbicides with chiral center are widely used to selectively remove annual and perennial grasses. However, the study of the enzymes involved in enantioselective degradation of AOPP herbicides is limited. A novel family VIII carboxylesterase gene estwx, hydrolyzed the ester bond cleavage of AOPP herbicides to form the corresponding acid and alkyl side chain alcohol, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.procbio.2019.03.013

3. Colonial population dynamics of Spartina alterniflora

Author:
Takahashi, Daisuke; Sim, Seung-Woo; Park, Eun-Jin
Source:
Ecological modelling 2019 v.395 pp. 45-50
ISSN:
0304-3800
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Spartina alterniflora; grasses; habitats; models; mortality; occupations; population dynamics; rhizomes; sexual reproduction;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora, is a perennial grass species that forms distinctive colonies on mudflats. Such colonies can increase their size by expanding clonally to surrounding open mudflats and their number by establishing new colonies on far away from the original colonies either by sexual reproduction or rhizome fragmentation. In this work, we aimed to link colony dynamics mechanis ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.01.013

4. Forecasted estimation of the efficiency of agricultural drainage on drained lands

Author:
Rokochinskiy, Anatoliy; Volk, Pavlo; Pinchuk, Oleg; Turcheniuk, Vasyl; Frolenkova, Nadiia; Gerasimov, Ievgenii
Source:
Journal of water and land development 2019 v.40 no.1 pp. 149-153
ISSN:
2083-4535
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; drainage; drainage systems; grains; grasses; growing season; models; potatoes; winter;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the article we developed the design principles and implementation of a complex model and optimized the design parameters of drainage. The study was based on the implementation of interconnected structural and technological forecasting simulation and optimization model blocks, which in turn allowed to justify the optimal design parameters and drainage considering multiple natural and agronomic c ...
DOI:
10.2478/jwld-2019-0016

5. Biofibers and biocomposites from sabai grass: A unique renewable resource

Author:
Guna, Vijaykumar; Ilangovan, Manikandan; K., Adithya; C.V., Akshay Koushik; C.V., Srinivas; S., Yogesh; Nagananda, G.S.; Venkatesh, Krishna; Reddy, Narendra
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2019 v.218 pp. 243-249
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Eulaliopsis binata; antifungal properties; biocomposites; cellulosic fibers; flavonoids; grasses; insulating materials; lignocellulose; phenols; polypropylenes; renewable resources; tensile strength;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Natural cellulose fibers were extracted from a fast growing perennial grass Eulaliopsis binata (commonly known as Sabai) and characterized for their structure and properties. The untreated sabai grass has been used as reinforcement for polypropylene composites and properties of the composites have been investigated. Although the composition of the sabai grass is typical to other lignocellulosic so ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.085

6. Plowing, seeding, and fertilizing differentially influence species diversity, functional groups and community productivity in a degraded steppe

Author:
Yang, Jian-Xia; Hou, Dong-Jie; Qiao, Xian-Guo; Geng, Xi-Mei; Guo, Ke; He, Wei-Ming
Source:
Flora 2019 v.257 pp. 151414
ISSN:
0367-2530
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; annuals; biennials; biomass; forbs; grasses; legumes; plant communities; plowing; soil resources; sowing; species richness; steppes; China;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The restoration of degraded grasslands can be achieved via multiple methods (e.g., increasing plant propagule input, improving site conditions, and enhancing soil resources); however, little is known about the relative roles of these methods. We conducted an experiment in Inner Mongolia (China) to address how plowing, seeding, and fertilizing influenced species diversity, functional groups, and co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.flora.2019.05.013

7. Seed responses to temperature indicate different germination strategies among Festuca pallescens populations from semi-arid environments in North Patagonia

Author:
López, Aldana S.; Marchelli, Paula; Batlla, Diego; López, Dardo R.; Arana, María V.
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2019 v.272-273 pp. 81-90
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Festuca; environmental factors; experimental design; grasses; habitats; laboratory experimentation; models; phenotype; seed germination; semiarid zones; standard deviation; temperature; Argentina;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seed germination is one of the earliest phenotypes expressed by plants, and the accuracy to germinate in the correct time and place is essential for plant population fitness. Cues that regulate germination have been exhaustively characterized in laboratory experiments. However, the way in which seed populations respond to these cues and the ecological meanings of this phenomenon are scarcely known ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.04.002

8. Chemical composition of two warm‐season perennial grasses subjected to proportions of defoliation

Author:
Schmitt, Daniel; Padilha, Deisy Andrade; Dias, Kamila Maciel; Santos, Gabriela Trevisan; Rodolfo, Giselle Regina; Zanini, Guilherme Doneda; Sbrissia, André Fischer
Source:
Grassland science 2019 v.65 no.3 pp. 171-178
ISSN:
1744-6961
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; acid detergent fiber; crude protein; cutting; defoliation; forage; grasses; grazing; leaves; neutral detergent fiber; stems; sward; warm season;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Two experiments were conducted to assess the effect of pre‐grazing heights and proportions of defoliation on morphological and chemical composition of the grazing layer of two warm‐season perennial grasses of contrasting structures (tall tufted grass—elephant grass, Exp. I; small size stoloniferous grass—kikuyu grass, Exp. II) under intermittent stocking management. The treatments were as follows: ...
DOI:
10.1111/grs.12236

9. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl activity on perennial grass weeds found in Louisiana rice production

Author:
Teló, Gustavo M.; Webster, Eric P.; Blouin, David C.; McKnight, Benjamin M.; Rustom, Samer Y.
Source:
Weed technology 2019 v.33 no.2 pp. 246-252
ISSN:
1550-2740
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Leersia oryzoides; Oryza sativa; Paspalum; crop production; grass weeds; grasses; greenhouse experimentation; leaves; plant height; rice; Louisiana;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... A glasshouse study was conducted on the Louisiana State University campus in Baton Rouge, LA, to evaluate the control of brook crowngrass, rice cutgrass, southern watergrass, and water paspalum. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl was applied at 30 g ai ha⁻¹ to each grass species at the 3- to 4-leaf or 1- to 2-stolon stage of growth. Brook crowngrass treated with florpyrauxifen was controlled 71% at 21 d after ...
DOI:
10.1017/wet.2018.123

10. Effects of grazing exclusion on vegetation and seed bank composition in a mesic mountain grassland in Argentina

Author:
Loydi, Alejandro
Source:
Plant ecology & diversity 2019 v.12 no.2 pp. 127-138
ISSN:
1755-1668
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; annuals; buried seeds; forbs; grasses; grasslands; grazing; herbivores; long term effects; multivariate analysis; shrubs; species richness; Argentina; Pampas region;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Background: Grazing is a major factor that affects grassland composition and species richness. While the long-term effects of grazing are well documented, information about the short-term effects of grazing is necessary for adaptive conservation management. Aims: Our objective was to ascertain how this held over varying time periods after herbivore removal vs. exclosures of different ages for gras ...
DOI:
10.1080/17550874.2019.1593544

11. Propagule pressure and priority seeding effects on the demography of invasive annual and native perennial grass species

Author:
Schantz, Merilynn C.; Sheley, Roger L.; James, Jeremy J.
Source:
Plant ecology & diversity 2019 v.12 no.2 pp. 139-150
ISSN:
1755-1668
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; adults; annuals; autumn; demography; ecosystems; forage; germination; grasses; indigenous species; invasive species; life history; plant communities; sowing; spring; wildfires;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Background: Annual grass invasion and dominance creates a self-sustaining cycle that promotes wildfires and reduces forage abundance. Restoring native plant species to annual grass-invaded ecosystems is fundamental to fostering self-sustaining native plant communities. Aims: We sought to clarify varying restoration strategies on invasive annual and native perennial grass assembly, including strate ...
DOI:
10.1080/17550874.2019.1613696

12. Low structural complexity of nonnative grassland habitat exposes prey to higher predation

Author:
Norbury, Grant; van Overmeire, Wouter
Source:
Ecological applications 2019 v.29 no.2 pp. e01830
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Erinaceidae; ecosystems; fauna; grasses; grasslands; habitats; indigenous species; insectivores; invertebrates; locusts; mammals; natural resources conservation; pastures; predation; predators; risk;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... The structural complexity of vegetation can have profound effects on the hunting efficiency of predators, thereby affecting their intake rate of prey. While studies have shown that vegetation complexity can play an important role in managing unwanted impacts of predators, it is less clear how structural complexity of invasive vegetation affects the vulnerability of terrestrial prey. Short nonnativ ...
DOI:
10.1002/eap.1830

13. Pretreatment of switchgrass by steam explosion in a semi-continuous pre-pilot reactor

Author:
Bonfiglio, Fernando; Cagno, Matías; Rey, Fabiana; Torres, Marina; Böthig, Silvia; Menéndez, Pilar; Mussatto, Solange I.
Source:
Biomass and bioenergy 2019 v.121 pp. 41-47
ISSN:
0961-9534
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Panicum virgatum; bioethanol; biomass; carbohydrate content; cellulose; digestibility; energy crops; enzymatic hydrolysis; feedstocks; food production; grasses; saccharification; temperature;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a perennial grass highly valued as an energy crop resource for the production of bioethanol due to its high carbohydrate content, fast growth, and ability to grow in lands that cannot support crop or food production. In the present study, this biomass was submitted to steam explosion pretreatment in a semi-continuous pre-pilot reactor with the aim of obtaining a p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.12.013

14. Coping with drought: root trait variability within the perennial grass Dactylis glomerata captures a trade-off between dehydration avoidance and dehydration tolerance

Author:
Bristiel, Pauline; Roumet, Catherine; Violle, Cyrille; Volaire, Florence
Source:
Plant and soil 2019 v.434 no.1-2 pp. 327-342
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Dactylis glomerata; biogeography; climate change; drought; grasses; intraspecific variation; irrigation rates; phytomass; plant adaptation; rooting; water uptake;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Understanding plant adaptation to drought is a crucial challenge under climate change. This study aimed to investigate root traits and water use of grass populations exhibiting a range of dehydration avoidance and tolerance strategies to cope with drought. METHODS: Sixteen populations of the perennial grass Dactylis glomerata originating from three biogeographical origins (Nor ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-018-3854-8

15. Response of three mesic South African perennial grassland forbs to defoliation and competition

Author:
Chamane, Sindiso; Kirkman, Kevin P; Morris, Craig; O’Connor, Tim G
Source:
African journal of range & forage science 2019 v.36 no.4 pp. 191-195
ISSN:
1727-9380
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Gerbera; Hypoxis hemerocallidea; Themeda triandra; defoliation; field experimentation; forbs; grasses; grasslands; grazing; interspecific competition; livestock production; population dynamics; production technology; regrowth; species richness;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... The importance of maintaining biodiversity in natural grasslands under livestock production systems has been recognised. Forbs contribute more to species richness than grasses in South African grasslands. However, little is known about the impact of grazing and grass competition on the population dynamics of forbs. The aim of this study was to determine the response of three mesic grassland perenn ...
DOI:
10.2989/10220119.2019.1679884

16. Potential grazing indicator forbs for two mesic grasslands in South Africa

Author:
Morris, Craig D.; Scott-Shaw, Rob
Source:
Ecological indicators 2019 v.107
ISSN:
1470-160X
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; correspondence analysis; cost effectiveness; ecosystem services; environmental indicators; forage; forbs; grasses; grasslands; indicator species; indigenous species; livestock; monitoring; overgrazing; sandstone; species richness; South Africa;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mesic grasslands in South Africa harbour a diverse community of herbaceous perennial forb species that outnumber grass species by up to 5–6:1, provide various ecosystem services as well as forage for livestock, and are sensitive to overgrazing. However, despite their prevalence and ecological importance, the potential of forb species as grazing indicators has not been evaluated nor are they routin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105611

17. Dormant Season Grazing: Effect of Supplementation Strategies on Heifer Resource Utilization and Vegetation Use

Author:
Wyffels, Samuel A.; Petersen, Mark K.; Boss, Darrin L.; Sowell, Bok F.; Bowman, Janice G.P.; McNew, Lance B.
Source:
Rangeland ecology & management 2019 v.72 no.6 pp. 878-887
ISSN:
1550-7424
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; biomass; cakes; calves; collars; crude protein; forage; forbs; global positioning systems; grasses; grazing; heifers; pastures; population characteristics; protein supplements; reproductive performance; shrubs; vegetation; winter;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Grazing dormant forage under low-input heifer development strategies typically exposes cattle to low-quality forage. Protein supplementation while grazing dormant range can enhance heifer growth and reproductive performance. We examined resource utilization of heifers and the effects of dormant season grazing on residual vegetation characteristics under two supplementation management strategies. A ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rama.2019.06.006

18. Effect of substrate depth on plant community development on a Michigan green roof

Author:
Vandegrift, Drew A.; Rowe, D. Bradley; Cregg, Bert M.; Liang, Di
Source:
Ecological engineering 2019 v.138 pp. 264-273
ISSN:
0925-8574
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Allium cernuum; Koeleria macrantha; Sporobolus; community development; dominant species; drought; grasses; green roofs; humans; irrigation; longevity; plant communities; rain; species diversity; urban areas; Michigan;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Green roofs are gradually being accepted and implemented across North America as they can mitigate many of the negative effects that urban areas have on humans and the environment. As rooftops are filled with living plants, individual species need to be tested for longevity and suitability. Twenty-two plant species including herbaceous perennials, grasses, and sedum were evaluated on a green roof ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.07.032

19. Gibberellic acid inhibition of tillering in tall fescue involving crosstalks with cytokinins and transcriptional regulation of genes controlling axillary bud outgrowth

Author:
Zhuang, Lili; Ge, Ying; Wang, Jian; Yu, Jingjin; Yang, Zhimin; Huang, Bingru
Source:
Plant science 2019 v.287 pp. 110168
ISSN:
0168-9452
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Festuca arundinacea; auxins; bud initiation; buds; cytokinins; dose response; foliar application; gene expression regulation; genes; gibberellic acid; grasses; seedlings; strigolactones; tillering; tillers; transcription (genetics);     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tiller production in grass species is controlled by both axillary bud initiation and bud outgrowth, which may be regulated by plant hormones. However, how gibberellic acid (GA) affects tillering in perennial grass species is still unclear. This study aims to elucidate the roles and the underlying mechanisms of GA in regulating tiller development. Tall fescue seedlings were treated with different c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110168

20. Bunchgrass Root Abundances and Their Relationship to Resistance and Resilience of Burned Shrub-Steppe Landscape

Author:
Germino, Matthew J.; Fisk, Matthew R.; Applestein, Cara
Source:
Rangeland ecology & management 2019 v.72 no.5 pp. 783-790
ISSN:
1550-7424
Subject:
perennials,   etc   ; Artemisia; USDA; annuals; basins; grasses; introduced plants; landscapes; plant communities; plant height; rangelands; roots; seedlings; steppes; vigor; wildfires; United States;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Invasion of exotic annual grasses (EAG) and increased wildfire have led to an emphasis on managing rangeland plant communities for resistance to invasion and resilience to disturbances. In sagebrush steppe and similar rangelands, perennial bunchgrasses and particularly their roots are hypothesized to be primary contributors to resistance and resilience. We asked how bunchgrass root abundance relat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rama.2019.04.001