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You searched for: Publication year rev 7982-2018 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7982-2018 Subject humans Remove constraint Subject: humans Subject term digestive system Remove constraint Subject term: digestive system
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1. A metagenomic approach to dissect the genetic composition of enterotypes in Han Chinese and two Muslim groups

Author:
Jing Li; Ruiqing Fu; Yajun Yang; Hans-Peter Horz; Yaqun Guan; Yan Lu; Haiyi Lou; Lei Tian; Shijie Zheng; Hongjiao Liu; Meng Shi; Kun Tang; Sijia Wang; Shuhua Xu
Source:
Systematic and applied microbiology 2018 v.41 no.1 pp. 1-12
ISSN:
0723-2020
Subject:
Bacteroides; Chinese people; Muslims; Prevotella; amino acids; body fat distribution; carbohydrate metabolism; diet; digestive system; genes; genetic variation; genome-wide association study; humans; insulin resistance; intestinal microorganisms; metagenomics; microbiome; ribosomal RNA; single nucleotide polymorphism; taxonomy; waist-to-hip ratio
Abstract:
... Distinct enterotypes have been observed in the human gut but little is known about the genetic basis of the microbiome. Moreover, it is not clear how many genetic differences exist between enterotypes within or between populations. In this study, both the 16S rRNA gene and the metagenomes of the gut microbiota were sequenced from 48 Han Chinese, 48 Kazaks, and 96 Uyghurs, and taxonomies were assig ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.syapm.2017.09.006

2. A modified PCR-RFLP method to determine genetic diversity of Giardia lamblia human isolates based on triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) gene

Author:
Ferial Rahimian; Javid Sadraei; Majid Pirestani; Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
Source:
Acta tropica 2018 v.186 pp. 58-62
ISSN:
0001-706X
Subject:
DNA; Giardia lamblia; digestive system; feces; genes; genetic variation; genotype; giardiasis; hosts; humans; isozymes; mixed infection; parasites; polymerase chain reaction; restriction fragment length polymorphism; triose-phosphate isomerase
Abstract:
... An infection of digestive system, Giardiasis, caused by tiny parasites called Giardia lamblia (also known Giardia intestinalis or Giardia duodenalis). Giardia sp. is the most common intestinal parasite of humans and other animals throughout the world. Isolates of G. lamblia are classified into eight assemblages based on isoenzyme and DNA analyses. Assemblages A and B infect humans and a broad rang ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.06.008

3. ACI‐1 beta‐lactamase is widespread across human gut microbiomes in Negativicutes due to transposons harboured by tailed prophages

Author:
Chris M. Rands; Elizaveta V. Starikova; Harald Brüssow; Evgenia V. Kriventseva; Vadim M. Govorun; Evgeny M Zdobnov
Source:
Environmental microbiology 2018 v.20 no.6 pp. 2288-2300
ISSN:
1462-2912
Subject:
Acidaminococcus; antibiotic resistance; antibiotic resistance genes; bacteria; beta-lactam antibiotics; beta-lactamase; digestive system; gene transfer; horizontal gene transfer; humans; intestinal microorganisms; metagenomics; microbiome; pathogens; phylogeny; proteins; transposons; China; Europe; United States
Abstract:
... Antibiotic resistance is increasing among pathogens, and the human microbiome contains a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes. Acidaminococcus intestini is the first Negativicute bacterium (Gram‐negative Firmicute) shown to be resistant to beta‐lactam antibiotics. Resistance is conferred by the aci1 gene, but its evolutionary history and prevalence remain obscure. We discovered that ACI‐1 prot ...
DOI:
10.1111/1462-2920.14276

4. Adaptation of human gut microbiota to bariatric surgeries in morbidly obese patients: A systematic review

Author:
Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed; Pooneh Angoorani; Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar; Seyed-Davar Siadat; Nasrin Ghasemi; Bagher Larijani; Ahmad-Reza Soroush
Source:
Microbial pathogenesis 2018 v.116 pp. 13-21
ISSN:
0882-4010
Subject:
Firmicutes; Proteobacteria; anti-inflammatory activity; bariatric surgery; clinical trials; digestive system; humans; intestinal microorganisms; obesity; observational studies; patients; screening; systematic review
Abstract:
... Bariatric surgeries have turned to be a popular therapeutic option for morbid obesity nowadays. Gut microbiota is supposed to be responsible as a part of the bariatric surgeries success. In this systematic review, we detailed the human studies which investigated the effect of different bariatric surgeries on the composition of gut microbiota.We did a comprehensive search in PubMed, Web of Science, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.074

5. Alpha‐ and beta‐mannan utilization by marine Bacteroidetes

Author:
Jing Chen; Craig S. Robb; Frank Unfried; Lennart Kappelmann; Stephanie Markert; Tao Song; Jens Harder; Burak Avcı; Dörte Becher; Ping Xie; Rudolf I. Amann; Jan‐Hendrik Hehemann; Thomas Schweder; Hanno Teeling
Source:
Environmental microbiology 2018 v.20 no.11 pp. 4127-4140
ISSN:
1462-2912
Subject:
Bacteroides; algae; aquatic bacteria; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide fixation; digestive system; enzymes; genes; genetic distance; humans; loci; mannans; organic matter; proteins; proteomics; yeasts; North Sea
Abstract:
... Marine microscopic algae carry out about half of the global carbon dioxide fixation into organic matter. They provide organic substrates for marine microbes such as members of the Bacteroidetes that degrade algal polysaccharides using carbohydrate‐active enzymes (CAZymes). In Bacteroidetes genomes CAZyme encoding genes are mostly grouped in distinct regions termed polysaccharide utilization loci ( ...
DOI:
10.1111/1462-2920.14414

6. Alterations in gut bacterial and fungal microbiomes are associated with bacterial Keratitis, an inflammatory disease of the human eye

Author:
Rajagopalaboopathi Jayasudha; Sama Kalyana Chakravarthy; Gumpili Sai Prashanthi; Savitri Sharma; Prashant Garg; Somasheila I Murthy; Sisinthy Shivaji
Source:
Journal of biosciences 2018 v.43 no.5 pp. 835-856
ISSN:
0250-5991
Subject:
Aspergillus; Dialister; Embellisia; Fusarium; Kluyveromyces; Lachnospira; Lachnospiraceae; Malassezia; Megasphaera; Mitsuokella; Mortierella; Rhizopus; Ruminococcaceae; Ruminococcus; blindness; cornea; digestive system; dysbiosis; feces; fungi; humans; intestinal microorganisms; keratitis; microbiome; neoplasms; pathophysiology; patients; probiotics
Abstract:
... Dysbiosis, or imbalance in the gut microbiome, has been implicated in auto-immune, inflammatory, neurological diseases as well as in cancers. More recently it has also been shown to be associated with ocular diseases. In the present study, the association of gut microbiome dysbiosis with bacterial Keratitis, an inflammatory eye disease which significantly contributes to corneal blindness, was inve ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12038-018-9798-6

7. An ELISA based method for quantifying arabinoxylan in wheat flour

Author:
Amber L. Hoffstetter; Daniel P. Griffin; Linda K. Brown; Jamie K. Alan; Eric L. Olson
Source:
Journal of cereal science 2018 v.79 pp. 148-153
ISSN:
0733-5210
Subject:
absorption; arabinoxylan; bacteria; baking; blood glucose; dietary fiber; digestive system; dough quality; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; gluten; humans; labor; milling; monoclonal antibodies; wheat flour; whole grain flour; winter wheat
Abstract:
... Arabinoxylans (AX) are a type of dietary fiber present in cereal grains. Recent studies have shown consuming water-extractable AX (WE-AX) can reduce blood glucose levels and prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the human gut. WE-AX can affect dough quality by increasing baking absorption and reducing gluten formation. Historically, WE-AX has been quantified using the phloroglucinol assay, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcs.2017.10.014

8. Antibiotic resistome in a large‐scale healthy human gut microbiota deciphered by metagenomic and network analyses

Author:
Jie Feng; Bing Li; Xiaotao Jiang; Ying Yang; George F. Wells; Tong Zhang; Xiaoyan Li
Source:
Environmental microbiology 2018 v.20 no.1 pp. 355-368
ISSN:
1462-2912
Subject:
ABC transporters; aminoglycosides; antibiotic resistance genes; bacitracin; beta-lactams; digestive system; feces; hosts; humans; intestinal microorganisms; metagenomics; phylogeny; vancomycin
Abstract:
... The human gut microbiota is an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). A metagenomic approach and network analysis were used to establish a comprehensive antibiotic resistome catalog and to obtain co‐occurrence patterns between ARGs and microbial taxa in fecal samples from 180 healthy individuals from 11 different countries. In total, 507 ARG subtypes belonging to 20 ARG types w ...
DOI:
10.1111/1462-2920.14009

9. Antibiotics reduce genetic diversity of core species in the honeybee gut microbiome

Author:
Kasie Raymann; Louis‐Marie Bobay; Nancy A. Moran
Source:
Molecular ecology 2018 v.27 no.8 pp. 2057-2066
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Gilliamella; alleles; allelic variation; animal health; antibiotic resistance; antibiotics; digestive system; honey bees; hosts; humans; intestinal microorganisms; microbial communities; microbiome; nucleotide sequences; population dynamics; ribosomal RNA; species diversity
Abstract:
... The gut microbiome plays a key role in animal health, and perturbing it can have detrimental effects. One major source of perturbation to microbiomes, in humans and human‐associated animals, is exposure to antibiotics. Most studies of how antibiotics affect the microbiome have used amplicon sequencing of highly conserved 16S rRNA sequences, as in a recent study showing that antibiotic treatment se ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.14434
PubMed:
29164717
PubMed Central:
PMC5935549
CHORUS:
10.1111/mec.14434

10. Assessing antimicrobial resistance gene load in vegan, vegetarian and omnivore human gut microbiota

Author:
Carmen Losasso; Andrea Di Cesare; Eleonora Mastrorilli; Ilaria Patuzzi; Veronica Cibin; Ester M. Eckert; Diego Fontaneto; Angiola Vanzo; Antonia Ricci; Gianluca Corno
Source:
International journal of antimicrobial agents 2018 pp. -
ISSN:
0924-8579
Subject:
animal proteins; animal-based foods; anti-infective agents; antibiotic resistance; antibiotic resistance genes; bacteria; community structure; digestive system; food consumption; humans; intestinal microorganisms; microbial communities; omnivores; ribosomal DNA; sewage; vegan diet; vegetables
Abstract:
... Massive antimicrobial use in animal farming is considered as the greatest contributor to the presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) in food of animal origin. Nevertheless, sewage from treated animals may impact on vegetables grown on fertilised fields, but it is largely unknown whether and to what extent ARB are transferred to vegetables and the human gut. It could be hypothesised that ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.07.023

11. Assessing the respective contributions of dietary flavanol monomers and procyanidins in mediating cardiovascular effects in humans: randomized, controlled, double-masked intervention trial

Author:
Ana Rodriguez-Mateos; Timon Weber; Simon S Skene; Javier I Ottaviani; Alan Crozier; Malte Kelm; Hagen Schroeter; Christian Heiss
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2018 v.108 no.6 pp. 1229-1237
ISSN:
1938-3207
Subject:
bioactive compounds; blood pressure; cholesterol; circulatory system; digestive system; flavanols; humans; men; metabolites; nutritional intervention; polymerization; procyanidins; vasodilation; volunteers
Abstract:
... Flavanols are an important class of food bioactives that can improve vascular function even in healthy subjects. Cocoa flavanols (CFs) are composed principally of the monomer (−)-epicatechin (∼20%), with a degree of polymerisation (DP) of 1 (DP1), and oligomeric procyanidins (∼80%, DP2–10). Our objective was to investigate the relative contribution of procyanidins and (−)-epicatechin to CF intake– ...
DOI:
10.1093/ajcn/nqy229
PubMed:
30358831
PubMed Central:
PMC6290365

12. Bacteria in the ageing gut: did the taming of fire promote a long human lifespan?

Author:
Antoine Danchin
Source:
Environmental microbiology 2018 v.20 no.6 pp. 1966-1987
ISSN:
1462-2912
Subject:
Homo sapiens; Maillard reaction; amines; bacteria; biochemical pathways; blood flow; cooked foods; digestive system; humans; intestinal microorganisms; longevity; metabolism; metabolites; toxicity
Abstract:
... Unique among animals as they evolved towards Homo sapiens, hominins progressively cooked their food on a routine basis. Cooked products are characterized by singular chemical compounds, derived from the pervasive Maillard reaction. This same reaction is omnipresent in normal metabolism involving carbonyls and amines, and its products accumulate with age. The gut microbiota acts as a first line of ...
DOI:
10.1111/1462-2920.14255

13. Bifidobacteria and the infant gut: an example of co-evolution and natural selection

Author:
Francesca Turroni; Christian Milani; Sabrina Duranti; Chiara Ferrario; Gabriele Andrea Lugli; Leonardo Mancabelli; Douwe van Sinderen; Marco Ventura
Source:
Cellular and molecular life sciences 2018 v.75 no.1 pp. 103-118
ISSN:
1420-682X
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; antibiotics; coevolution; diet; digestive system; environmental factors; health status; humans; infants; intestinal microorganisms; microbial communities; natural selection; polysaccharides
Abstract:
... Throughout the human life, the gut microbiota interacts with us in a number of different ways, thereby influencing our health status. The acquisition of such an interactive gut microbiota commences at birth. Medical and environmental factors including diet, antibiotic exposure and mode of delivery are major factors that shape the composition of the microbial communities in the infant gut. Among th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00018-017-2672-0

14. Bioaccessibility of PBDEs present in indoor dust: A novel dialysis membrane method with a Tenax TA® absorption sink

Author:
Katerina Kademoglou; Adrian C. Williams; Chris D. Collins
Source:
Science of the total environment 2018 v.621 pp. 1-8
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
absorbents; absorption; bioavailability; dialysis; digestive system; dust; flame retardants; humans; hydrophobicity; inhalation exposure; pH; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; risk; temperature
Abstract:
... Human uptake of flame retardants (FRs) such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) via indoor dust ingestion is commonly considered as 100% bioaccessible, leading to potential risk overestimation. Here, we present a novel in vitro colon-extended physiologically-based extraction test (CE-PBET) with Tenax TA® as an absorptive “sink” capable to enhance PBDE gut bioaccessibility. A cellulose-based ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.097

15. Changes of Colonic Bacterial Composition in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases

Author:
Sara Gerhardt; M. Hasan Mohajeri
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
Bifidobacterium; Coprococcus; Lactobacillus; Parkinson disease; Prevotella; Verrucomicrobiaceae; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; atrophy; bacteria; case-control studies; digestive system; humans; microbiome; sclerosis
Abstract:
... In recent years evidence has emerged that neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are strongly associated with the microbiome composition in the gut. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most intensively studied neurodegenerative disease in this context. In this review, we performed a systematic evaluation of the published literature comparing changes in colonic microbiome in PD to the ones observed in ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060708
PubMed:
29857583
PubMed Central:
PMC6024871

16. Characterization of Polysaccharides from Feijoa Fruits (Acca sellowiana Berg.) and Their Utilization as Growth Substrates by Gut Commensal Bacteroides Species

Author:
Tracey J. Bell; Sarah L. Draper; Manuela Centanni; Susan M. Carnachan; Gerald W. Tannock; Ian M. Sims
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2018 v.66 no.50 pp. 13277-13284
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Acca sellowiana; Bacteroides; arabinoxylan; biochemical pathways; cell walls; digestive system; fruits; hemicellulose; humans; hydrolysis; microorganisms; pectins; sugars; xyloglucans
Abstract:
... Polysaccharides from feijoa fruit were extracted and analyzed; the composition of these polysaccharides conforms to those typically found in the primary cell walls of eudicotyledons. The two major polysaccharide extracts consisted of mainly pectic polysaccharides and hemicellulosic polysaccharides [xyloglucan (77%) and arabinoxylan (16%)]. A collection of commensal Bacteroides species was screened ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05080

17. Characterization of a recombinant Bacteroides fragilis sialidase expressed in Escherichia coli

Author:
Takaaki Yamamoto; Hideyo Ugai; Haruyuki Nakayama-Imaohji; Ayano Tada; Miad Elahi; Hitoshi Houchi; Tomomi Kuwahara
Source:
Anaerobe 2018 v.50 pp. 69-75
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Bacteroides fragilis; Escherichia coli; arginine; calcium; calcium chloride; digestive system; fetuins; genetically modified organisms; glycosylation; humans; inclusion bodies; ions; isozymes; mucins; neuraminic acid; pH; polysaccharides; recombinant proteins; sialic acids; sialidase; solubilization; transferrin; urea
Abstract:
... The human gut commensal Bacteroides fragilis produces sialidases that remove a terminal sialic acid from host-derived polysaccharides. Sialidase is considered to be involved in B. fragilis infection pathology. A native B. fragilis sialidase has been purified and characterized, and was shown to be post-translationally modified by glycosylation. However, the biochemical properties of recombinant B.  ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.02.003

18. Characterization of multiple antibiotic resistance of culturable microorganisms and metagenomic analysis of total microbial diversity of marine fish sold in retail shops in Mumbai, India

Author:
Onkar A. Naik; Ravindranath Shashidhar; Devashish Rath; Jayant R. Bandekar; Archana Rath
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2018 v.25 no.7 pp. 6228-6239
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
Acinetobacter; Aeromonas veronii; Enterobacter; Escherichia coli; Flavobacterium; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Photobacterium; Providencia; Psychrobacter; Shewanella; Staphylococcus; Vagococcus; Vibrio; animal pathogens; antibiotic resistance; bacitracin; cefotaxime; ciprofloxacin; digestive system; doxycycline; erythromycin; fish consumption; food chain; genes; horizontal gene transfer; humans; kanamycin; marine fish; metagenomics; microbial load; microorganisms; multiple drug resistance; neomycin; penicillins; rifampicin; streptomycin; trimethoprim; India
Abstract:
... Marine fish species were analyzed for culturable and total metagenomic microbial diversity, antibiotic resistance (AR) pattern, and horizontal gene transfer in culturable microorganisms. We observed a high AR microbial load of 3 to 4 log CFU g⁻¹. Many fish pathogens like Providencia, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter, Vagococcus, and Aeromonas veronii were isolated. Photobacteriu ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-017-0945-7

19. Clostridium botulinum type A-virulome-gut interactions: A systems biology insight

Author:
P. Chellapandi; A. Prisilla
Source:
Human microbiome journal 2018 v.7-8 pp. 15-22
ISSN:
2452-2317
Subject:
Clostridium botulinum; amino acids; antibiotic resistance; antitoxins; bacteria; botulinum toxin; botulism; chitin; digestive system; germination; humans; microbiome; multigene family; paralysis; poisoning; serotypes; sporulation; transcription factors; virulence
Abstract:
... Clostridium botulinum is a foodborne bacterium capable of producing a potent botulinum neurotoxin with seven serotypes (A–G). Type A strains are being a great concern for causing foodborne, infant and wound botulism in worldwide. Antibacterial resistance is a not a big problem for treating diseases caused by this organism, but antitoxin treatment available today has not been reverse the paralysis. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.humic.2018.01.003

20. CntA oxygenase substrate profile comparison and oxygen dependency of TMA production in Providencia rettgeri

Author:
Gints Kalnins; Eduards Sevostjanovs; Dace Hartmane; Solveiga Grinberga; Kaspars Tars
Source:
Journal of basic microbiology 2018 v.58 no.1 pp. 52-59
ISSN:
0233-111X
Subject:
Providencia rettgeri; atherosclerosis; betaine; carnitine; cell culture; choline; digestive system; heart; humans; metabolites; oxygen; oxygenases; renal failure; trimethylamine
Abstract:
... CntA oxygenase is a Rieske 2S‐2Fe cluster‐containing protein that has been previously described as able to produce trimethylamine (TMA) from carnitine, gamma‐butyrobetaine, glycine betaine, and in one case, choline. TMA found in humans is exclusively of bacterial origin, and its metabolite, trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), has been associated with atherosclerosis and heart and renal failure. We isolat ...
DOI:
10.1002/jobm.201700428