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1. Changes in forest landscape due to agricultural activities and their influence on natural ecosystems: the eastern Galician mountains

Author:
Diaz-Maroto, I.J.; Diaz-Maroto, M.C.
Source:
Change and Adaptation in Socio-Ecological Systems 2018 v.4 no.1 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
2300-3669
Subject:
agricultural land; biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; deciduous forests; ecosystems; hardwood forests; humans; industry; issues and policy; land use; landscapes; mountains; railroads; social environment; topography; wildfires
Abstract:
... Forest and agricultural landscapes are vital in relation to biodiversity. Protection policies in such areas should include incentives to enable the common landuse practices. Conservation cannot be addressed in the short term because these landscapes have evolved as socio-ecological systems and provide optimal conditions for biodiversity maintenance. They occur in areas where agriculture has not ch ...
DOI:
10.1515/cass-2018-0001

2. Peatland ditch blocking has no effect on dissolved organic matter (DOM) quality

Author:
Peacock, Mike; Jones, Tim G.; Futter, Martyn N.; Freeman, Chris; Gough, Rachel; Baird, Andrew J.; Green, Sophie M.; Chapman, Pippa J.; Holden, Joseph; Evans, Chris D.
Source:
Hydrological processes 2018 v.32 no.26 pp. 3891-3906
ISSN:
0885-6087
Subject:
analytical methods; biodiversity; bogs; carbon cycle; dissolved organic carbon; drainage; drinking water; highlands; monitoring; overland flow; peatlands; rivers; streams; uncertainty; water quality; water supply; water treatment; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... The globally widespread drainage of peatlands has often been shown to lead to increased concentrations and fluxes of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in streams and rivers. Elevated DOC concentrations have implications for carbon cycling, ecosystem functioning, and potable water treatment. Peatland rewetting, principally through ditch blocking, is often carried out with the expectation that this wil ...
DOI:
10.1002/hyp.13297

3. Sponge fauna of the New Siberian Shoal: biodiversity and some features of formation

Author:
Morozov, Grigori; Sabirov, Rushan; Zimina, Olga
Source:
Journal of natural history 2018 v.52 no.47-48 pp. 2961-2992
ISSN:
1464-5262
Subject:
Mycale; Pleistocene epoch; animals; biodiversity; fauna; glaciation; Arctic region
Abstract:
... Based on the results of an ecosystem survey carried out by the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute (MMBI) in the Laptev and East Siberian seas, the sponge fauna of the considered areas was studied. A total of 26 sponge species were identified. Some species were new records for the study area, i.e. Mycale helios, Tetilla sandalina, Halichondria sp., Polymastia rara, Lycopodina cupressiformis and P ...
DOI:
10.1080/00222933.2018.1554166

4. Water Footprint and Crop Water Usage of Oil Palm (<i>Eleasis guineensis</i>) in Central Kalimantan: Environmental Sustainability Indicators for Different Crop Age and Soil Conditions

Author:
Safitri, Lisma; Hermantoro, Hermantoro; Purboseno, Sentot; Kautsar, Valensi; Saptomo, Satyanto Krido; Kurniawan, Agung
Source:
Water 2018 v.11 no.1
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
Elaeis guineensis; biodiversity; biomass; climatic factors; crop production; drought; evapotranspiration; groundwater; monitoring; rain; rhizosphere; soil quality; soil types; soil water; villages; water footprint; water shortages; water table; water uptake; water utilization; Borneo; Indonesia
Abstract:
... Various issues related to oil palm production, such as biodiversity, drought, water scarcity, and water and soil resource exploitation, have become major challenges for environmental sustainability. The water footprint method indicates that the quantity of water used by plants to produce one biomass product could become a parameter to assess the environmental sustainability for a plantation. The o ...
DOI:
10.3390/w11010035

5. Effect of human activities on biodiversity in Nabq Protected Area, South Sinai, Egypt

Author:
Mona, Mohamed H.; El-Naggar, Hussein A.; El-Gayar, Ensaf E.; Masood, Mostafa F.; Mohamed, El-Sayed N.E.
Source:
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research (Online) 2018
ISSN:
2090-3278
Subject:
anthropogenic activities; biodiversity; conservation areas; fauna; habitats; Egypt
Abstract:
... Nabq as “A Managed Resource Protected Area” or as “Multiple Use Management Area” is subjected to human activities that influence its biodiversity. Therefore, many field trips from January 2016 to January 2017 were carried out to detect the main activities in Nabq protectorate and their impacts on faunal macro-benthos biodiversity. Four stations representing two major habitats (mangrove and rocky s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejar.2018.12.001

6. Biodiversity of the endangered coastal beetle Scarites laevigatus: is the northern Adriatic population a geographical subspecies or a case of introgressive hybridisation? (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Author:
ZANELLA, Lorenzo
Source:
Fragmenta entomologica 2018 v.50 no.2
ISSN:
0429-288X
Subject:
Carabidae; biodiversity; ecosystems; elytra; introgression; male genitalia
Abstract:
... The ground beetle Scarites laevigatus Fabricius, 1792 is a specialized predator occurring in the Mediterranean sandy shores, currently threatened with disappearance due to the widespread modification of beach ecosystems. The present study purposes a morphological analysis of the northern Adriatic form, described by Puel in 1938 as a subspecies with the name venetianus, in comparison with the typic ...
DOI:
10.4081/fe.2018.274

7. “Everything in the Water Column is Connected”: Traditional Ecological Knowledge of Floodplain Fishers of Bangladesh

Author:
Deb, Apurba Krishna
Source:
Journal of ethnobiology 2018 v.38 no.4 pp. 568-588
ISSN:
2162-4496
Subject:
Hilsa; anthropology; aquatic plants; biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; birds; breeding; cognition; decision making; environmental degradation; environmental knowledge; fish; fish behavior; fisheries; floodplains; harvesting; hydrologic cycle; landscapes; learning; surface water; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... With ongoing resource depletion and environmental degradation in the floodplains of Bangladesh, there is a clear need to include insights from traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) in developing and implementing plans for sustainable natural resource management. The knowledge, skills, and practices related to fishing in the floodplains of Bangladesh are almost exclusively a product of the local f ...
DOI:
10.2993/0278-0771-38.4.568

8. The importance of beech forests as reservoirs of moth diversity in Mediterranean Basin (Lepidoptera)

Author:
INFUSINO, Marco; SCALERCIO, Stefano
Source:
Fragmenta entomologica 2018 v.50 no.2
ISSN:
0429-288X
Subject:
Fagus; Operophtera; biodiversity; community structure; forests; genetic variation; ground vegetation; herbaceous plants; lichens; light traps; moths; mountains; national parks; woodlands; Italy; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... Study analyzes the macrolepidoptera assemblages in beech woodlands of the Orsomarso Mountains (Pollino National Park, Southern Italy) to assess the role of beech forests in preserving diversity in Mediterranean Basin. Research was run between 2015 and 2016 in 15 stands representative of the main successional stages of forest maturation, placed between 990 and 1,475 meters of elevation. Monthlybase ...
DOI:
10.4081/fe.2018.294

9. The future of marine biodiversity and marine ecosystem functioning in UK coastal and territorial waters (including UK Overseas Territories) – with an emphasis on marine macrophyte communities

Author:
Küpper, Frithjof C.; Kamenos, Nicholas A.
Source:
Botanica marina 2018 v.61 no.6 pp. 521-535
ISSN:
1437-4323
Subject:
biodiversity; carbon sequestration; climate; ecosystem engineers; energy; food webs; habitat destruction; habitats; indigenous species; ingestion; introduced species; laws and regulations; macroalgae; macrophytes; marine ecosystems; marine protected areas; ocean acidification; ocean warming; parasites; pollution; public services and goods; salt marshes; sea level; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning – including seaweed communities – in the territorial waters of the UK and its Overseas Territories are facing unprecedented pressures. Key stressors are changes in ecosystem functioning due to biodiversity loss caused by ocean warming (species replacement and migration, e.g. affecting kelp forests), sea level rise (e.g. loss of habitats including salt ...
DOI:
10.1515/bot-2018-0076

10. Assessing the Trade-Offs of SPOT7 Imagery for Monitoring Natural Forest Canopy Intactness

Author:
Bhugeloo, Astika; Peerbhay, Kabir; Ramdhani, Syd; Sershen,
Source:
Forests 2018 v.9 no.12
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
affordability; biodiversity; canopy gaps; cost effectiveness; entropy; forest canopy; forest damage; forest ecosystems; monitoring; normalized difference vegetation index; synthetic aperture radar; texture; tropical forests; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Natural and human-induced disturbances influence the biodiversity and functionality of forest ecosystems. Regular, repeated assessments of canopy intactness are essential to map site-specific forest disturbance and recovery patterns, an essential requirement for forest monitoring and management. However, accessibility to images required for this practice, uncertainty around the levels of accuracy ...
DOI:
10.3390/f9120781

11. Creating a Story Map Using Geographic Information Systems to Explore Geomorphology and History of Methana Peninsula

Author:
Antoniou, Varvara; Ragia, Lemonia; Nomikou, Paraskevi; Bardouli, Pavlina; Lampridou, Danai; Ioannou, Theodora; Kalisperakis, Ilias; Stentoumis, Christos
Source:
ISPRS international journal of geo-information 2018 v.7 no.12
ISSN:
2220-9964
Subject:
Internet; biodiversity; flora; geographic information systems; geomorphology; historical monuments; information dissemination; man-made trails; spatial data; thematic maps; volcanic land
Abstract:
... Story maps are used as an interactive tool for communication and information dissemination. A web-based application using story mapping technology is presented to explore the Methana peninsula. This volcanic area is characterized by specific volcanic geoforms, unique flora and rich history. The story map combines maps, narrative texts and multimedia content. The spatial data produce thematic maps ...
DOI:
10.3390/ijgi7120484

12. Evaluating On-Farm Biodiversity: A Comparison of Assessment Methods

Author:
Gabel, Vanessa; Home, Robert; Stöckli, Sibylle; Meier, Matthias; Stolze, Matthias; Köpke, Ulrich
Source:
Sustainability 2018 v.10 no.12
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
agricultural land; biodiversity; case studies; farmers; farms; Switzerland
Abstract:
... Strategies to stop the loss of biodiversity in agriculture areas will be more successful if farmers have the means to understand changes in biodiversity on their farms and to assess the effectiveness of biodiversity promoting measures. There are several methods to assess on-farm biodiversity but it may be difficult to select the most appropriate method for a farmer’s individual circumstances ...
DOI:
10.3390/su10124812

13. Insecticide activity of Baccharis dracunculifolia essential oil against Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Author:
Chaaban, Amanda; Martins, Carlos Eduardo Nogueira; Bretanha, Lizandra Czermainski; Micke, Gustavo Amadeu; Carrer, Alessandra Regina; Rosa, Nathália França; Ferreira, Luisa; Molento, Marcelo Beltrão
Source:
Natural product research 2018 v.32 no.24 pp. 2954-2958
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
Baccharis dracunculifolia; Cochliomyia macellaria; acetone; adults; alpha-pinene; beta-pinene; biodiversity; essential oils; ethanol; ethnobotany; insecticidal properties; instars; larvae; lethal concentration 50; limonene; research and development; solubilization; spathulenol
Abstract:
... The ethnobotanical uses of Brazilian plants for different injuries and diseases conjoined with local rich biodiversity represent an important resource for research and development. This study aimed to characterise BDEO and its in vitro activity on the third instar larvae (L3) of Cochliomyia macellaria. Groups of 20 L3 were placed on filter paper impregnated with increasing concentrations of 5–30% ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2017.1392947

14. Sludge degradation and microbial community structures analysis in a microbial electrolysis cell-coupled up flow anaerobic blanket reactor with an ultrasound treatment system

Author:
Wang, Youzhao; Pan, Yuan; Li, Xianjin; Zhang, Kuo; Zhu, Tong
Source:
RSC advances 2018 v.8 no.73 pp. 42032-42040
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
temperature; engineering; community structure; organic matter; upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor; total suspended solids; ultrasonic treatment; microbial electrolysis cells; electrolysis; bacterial communities; chemical oxygen demand; biodiversity; sludge
Abstract:
... This study proposed a sludge degradation system comprised of: (i) an ultrasound treatment (UT) system to disintegrate sludge; (ii) an up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to degrade the disintegrated sludge; and (iii) a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) in replacement of a three-phase UASB separator to deeply degrade the disintegrated sludge. The influence of the ultrasound power, the t ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ra08726a

15. Petroleum contamination evaluation and bacterial community distribution in a historic oilfield located in loess plateau in China

Author:
Gao, Sha; Liang, Jidong; Teng, Tingting; Zhang, Man
Source:
Applied soil ecology 2018
ISSN:
0929-1393
Subject:
Acinetobacter; Aquabacterium; Comamonas; Pseudomonas; Sphingomonas; Stenotrophomonas; agricultural land; alkanes; bacterial communities; biodegradation; biodiversity; community structure; environmental factors; oil fields; pH; petroleum; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; rivers; sediments; soil sampling; total nitrogen; total organic carbon; total phosphorus; wastelands; China
Abstract:
... In this study, petroleum contamination and the corresponding distribution of bacterial communities in the Yanchang oilfield, a historic oilfield in north China was evaluated. Surface soil samples and river sediment samples near the oilfield were collected and analyzed for the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), bacterial biodiversity, and enviro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.12.012

16. Accounting for land use, biodiversity and ecosystem services in life cycle assessment: Impacts of breakfast cereals

Author:
Jeswani, Harish Kumar; Hellweg, Stefanie; Azapagic, Adisa
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2018 v.645 pp. 51-59
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
amphibians; biodiversity; birds; breakfast cereals; corn; ecoregions; ecosystem services; filtration; forests; groundwater; indigenous species; land use change; life cycle assessment; mammals; manufacturing; packaging; reptiles; rice; soil; vascular plants
Abstract:
... This study considers the life cycle impacts of land use on biodiversity and ecosystem services associated with the production of a ubiquitous food type: breakfast cereals. For biodiversity, the impacts on five taxonomic groups have been assessed: mammals, birds, vascular plants, amphibians and reptiles. For ecosystem services, the potential loss in the following ecosystem services of soil has been ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.088

17. A quantitative comparison of the structural complexity of managed, lately unmanaged and primary European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests

Author:
Stiers, Melissa; Willim, Katharina; Seidel, Dominik; Ehbrecht, Martin; Kabal, Myroslav; Ammer, Christian; Annighöfer, Peter
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2018 v.430 pp. 357-365
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; age structure; biodiversity; ecosystems; national parks; normal values; old-growth forests; overstory; primary forests; stand age; stand management; trees
Abstract:
... The high structural heterogeneity of primary forests is assumed to positively affect various ecosystem traits and functions, e.g. biodiversity, resilience and adaptability. Against this background, old-growth forest structures are emulated in many managed forests. To properly emulate such structures, quantitative reference values are required, through which primary forests are characterized. In th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2018.08.039

18. Developing and applying a multi-purpose land cover validation dataset for Africa

Author:
Tsendbazar, N-E.; Herold, M.; de Bruin, S.; Lesiv, M.; Fritz, S.; Van De Kerchove, R.; Buchhorn, M.; Duerauer, M.; Szantoi, Z.; Pekel, J.-F.
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2018 v.219 pp. 298-309
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
biodiversity; calibration; climate models; data collection; forests; land cover; monitoring; remote sensing; shrubs; trees; Africa
Abstract:
... The production of global land cover products has accelerated significantly over the past decade thanks to the availability of higher spatial and temporal resolution satellite data and increased computation capabilities. The quality of these products should be assessed according to internationally promoted requirements e.g., by the Committee on Earth Observation Systems-Working Group on Calibration ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2018.10.025

19. Does soil erosion rejuvenate the soil phosphorus inventory?

Author:
Eger, Andre; Yoo, Kyungsoo; Almond, Peter C.; Boitt, Gustavo; Larsen, Isaac J.; Condron, Leo M.; Wang, Xiang; Mudd, Simon M.
Source:
Geoderma 2018 v.332 pp. 45-59
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
apatite; bioavailability; biodiversity; chronosequences; dust; ecosystems; inventories; mountains; phosphorus; primary productivity; saprolite; soil; soil erosion; soil parent materials; topographic slope; weathering; New Zealand; United States
Abstract:
... Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for life. Deficits in soil P reduce primary production and alter biodiversity. A soil P paradigm based on studies of soils that form on flat topography, where erosion rates are minimal, indicates P is supplied to soil mainly as apatite from the underlying parent material and over time is lost via weathering or transformed into labile and less-bioavailable se ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.06.021

20. Reviewing the evidence base for the effects of woodland expansion on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the United Kingdom

Author:
Burton, Vanessa; Moseley, Darren; Brown, Calum; Metzger, Marc J.; Bellamy, Paul
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2018 v.430 pp. 366-379
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
European Union; afforestation; biodiversity; climate change; conifers; ecosystem services; guidelines; land use; landscapes; plantations; planting; public services and goods; risk; systematic review; woodlands; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Woodland expansion is internationally accepted as a strategy to reduce biodiversity loss, climate change and flood risk, but there has been limited assessment of the evidence for these benefits. In addition, despite UK targets for woodland creation, planting levels remain low. Furthermore, following the UK’s decision to leave the European Union, a number of important decisions will be made about s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2018.08.003