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1. Accounting for the effect of temperature in clarifying the response of foliar nitrogen isotope ratios to atmospheric nitrogen deposition

Author:
Chen, Chongjuan; Li, Jiazhu; Wang, Guoan; Shi, Minrui
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 1295-1302
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
altitude; climatic factors; data collection; mycorrhizal fungi; nitrogen; nitrogen content; soil; stable isotopes; temperature; China
Abstract:
... Atmospheric nitrogen deposition affects nitrogen isotope composition (δ¹⁵N) in plants. However, both negative effect and positive effect have been reported. The effects of climate on plant δ¹⁵N have not been corrected for in previous studies, this has impeded discovery of a true effect of atmospheric N deposition on plant δ¹⁵N. To obtain a more reliable result, it is necessary to correct for the e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.088

2. A comprehensive analysis of heavy metals in urban road dust of Xi'an, China: Contamination, source apportionment and spatial distribution

Author:
Pan, Huiyun; Lu, Xinwei; Lei, Kai
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 1361-1369
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
X-radiation; anthropogenic activities; chromium; cobalt; copper; dust; fluorescence; geographic information systems; heavy metals; lead; manganese; nickel; pollution; principal component analysis; regression analysis; traffic; vanadium; wind direction; zinc; China
Abstract:
... A detailed investigation was conducted to study heavy metal contamination in road dust from four regions of Xi'an, Northwest China. The concentrations of eight heavy metals Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn and V were determined by X-Ray Fluorescence. The mean concentrations of these elements were: 30.9mgkg⁻¹ Co, 145.0mgkg⁻¹ Cr, 54.7mgkg⁻¹ Cu, 510.5mgkg⁻¹ Mn, 30.8mgkg⁻¹ Ni, 124.5mgkg⁻¹ Pb, 69.6mgkg⁻¹ V a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.004

3. Acute ecotoxicity of coated colloidal goethite nanoparticles on Daphnia magna: Evaluating the influence of exposure approaches

Author:
González-Andrés, V.; Diez-Ortiz, M.; Delpivo, C.; Janer, G.; Fritzsche, A.; Vázquez-Campos, S.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 172-179
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Daphnia magna; acute effects; aquatic organisms; aquifers; colloidal properties; colloids; death; dispersions; ecotoxicology; environmental fate; exoskeleton; exposure duration; goethite; groundwater; iron; iron oxides; median effective concentration; molting; nanoparticles; porous media; remediation; soil; swimming; toxicity
Abstract:
... Synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles have been proposed as an alternative to non-dispersed iron oxides for in situ environmental remediation. Their colloidal properties enable their injection into porous media, i.e. soils and aquifers, and offer a higher efficiency in removing contaminants. However, this dispersed state is also the cause of concerns over their environmental fate and toxicity, e.g. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.047

4. Adsorption and degradation of 14C-bisphenol A in a soil trench

Author:
Shen, Jian; Wang, Xin-ze; Zhang, Zhen; Sui, Yan-ming; Wu, Hai-lu; Feng, Ji-meng; Tong, Xin-nan; Zhang, Zhen-yu
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.607-608 pp. 676-682
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
adsorption; ammonia; bisphenol A; chemical oxygen demand; drainage; metabolites; mineralization; nitrification; nitrogen; phosphorus; pollutants; sediments; sewage; sewage treatment; sludge; soil; soil degradation; sorption isotherms; toxicity; wastewater
Abstract:
... Bisphenol A (BPA) has caused widespread concern among scholars as a result of its estrogenic toxicity. It exists mainly in natural waters, sediments, and soil, as well as sewage and wastewater sludge. Considering that BPA is a common environmental pollutant that is removed along with chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, and phosphorus in drainage treatment systems, it is important to research t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.108

5. Aged-engineered nanoparticles effect on sludge anaerobic digestion performance and associated microbial communities

Author:
Eduok, Samuel; Ferguson, Robert; Jefferson, Bruce; Villa, Raffaella; Coulon, Frédéric
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 232-241
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
activated sludge; anaerobic digesters; sequence analysis; volatile fatty acids; Fusobacteria; microbial communities; Methanosarcina acetivorans; sulfates; isoprenoids; waste treatment; titanium dioxide; Methanosarcina barkeri; zinc oxide; hydrogen sulfide; anaerobic digestion; nanoparticles; Actinobacteria; methanogens; silver oxide
Abstract:
... To investigate the potential effect of aged engineered nanoparticles (a-ENPs) on sludge digestion performance, 150L pilot anaerobic digesters (AD) were fed with a blend of primary and waste activated sludge spiked either with a mixture of silver oxide, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide or a mixture of their equivalent bulk metal salts to achieve a target concentration of 250, 2000, and 2800mgkg⁻¹ dr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.178

6. Aging impacts of low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) on furfural production residue-derived biochars: Porosity, functional properties, and inorganic minerals

Author:
Liu, Guocheng; Chen, Lei; Jiang, Zhixiang; Zheng, Hao; Dai, Yanhui; Luo, Xianxiang; Wang, Zhenyu
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.607-608 pp. 1428-1436
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
aluminum; aluminum phosphate; biochar; calcium; carbon; citric acid; functional properties; furfural; iron; lead; macropores; magnesium; minerals; molecular weight; nutrients; porosity; potassium; rhizosphere; sulfates; surface area; toxicity
Abstract:
... The aging of biochar by low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs), which are typical root-derived exudates, is not well understood. Three LMWOAs (ethanoic, malic, and citric acids) were employed to investigate their aging impacts on the biochars from furfural production residues at 300–600°C (BC300–600). The LMWOAs created abundant macropores in BC300, whereas they significantly increased the me ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.046

7. Ambient sediment quality conditions in Minnesota lakes, USA: Effects of watershed parameters and aquatic health implications

Author:
Crane, Judy L.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.607-608 pp. 1320-1338
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
DDD (pesticide); DDE (pesticide); arsenic; carbon; combustion; data collection; fish; food chain; forensic sciences; invertebrates; lakes; land use; lead; models; particle size; particulate emissions; persistent organic pollutants; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polychlorinated dibenzodioxins; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sediments; statistical analysis; surveys; tissues; watersheds; zinc; Minnesota
Abstract:
... Surficial sediments were collected from 50 randomly selected Minnesota lakes, plus four a priori reference lakes, in 2007. The lakes encompassed broad geographic coverage of the state and included a variety of major land uses in the surrounding watersheds. Sediment samples were analyzed for a suite of metals, metalloids, persistent organic pollutants, total organic carbon, and particle size fracti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.241

8. A mechanism study of airflow rate distribution within the zone of influence during air sparging remediation

Author:
Yao, Meng; Kang, Xuehe; Zhao, Yongsheng; Qin, Chuanyu; Yang, Yuanyuan; Li, Bowen
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 377-384
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
air flow; air sparging; groundwater contamination; models; normal distribution; prediction; quantitative analysis; remediation
Abstract:
... In this study, an improved laboratory two-dimensional airflow visualization device was developed for the quantitative analysis of airflow distribution at different heights from the sparger (20, 30, and 40cm) within the zone of influence (ZOI). The results indicated that the measured airflow rate distribution appeared Trapezium when the height was 20cm; however, the airflow rate matched a Gaussian ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.169

9. A modified method for pesticide transport and fate in subsurface environment of a winter wheat field of Yangling, China

Author:
Wu, Lei; Chang, Huanyu; Ma, Xiaoyi
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 385-395
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
aquatic environment; crops; farmers; irrigation rates; irrigation scheduling; nonpoint source pollution; pesticide application; pesticide residues; pollution control; prediction; soil depth; soil pollution; triadimefon; water conservation; water requirement; water resources; winter wheat; China
Abstract:
... The Guanzhong region is one of the water resources shortage areas and also an important food producing area in Chinese Loess Plateau. The unreasonable application of irrigation and pesticide not only reduces the utilization rate of pesticides, but also is a potential threat to aquatic environments. In order to explore the reasonable application pattern of irrigation and pesticide, a modified metho ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.116

10. A modified SINTACS method for groundwater vulnerability and pollution risk assessment in highly anthropized regions based on NO3− and SO42− concentrations

Author:
Busico, Gianluigi; Kazakis, Nerantzis; Colombani, Nicolò; Mastrocicco, Micòl; Voudouris, Konstantinos; Tedesco, Dario
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 1512-1523
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
agricultural land; anthropogenic activities; aquifers; groundwater; groundwater contamination; land use; models; monitoring; nitrates; organic matter; peat; planning; risk; risk assessment; sulfates; wells; Italy
Abstract:
... Groundwater vulnerability and risk assessment are worldwide tools in supporting groundwater protection and land planning. In this study, we used three of these different methodologies applied to the Campanian Plain located in southern Italy: SINTACS, AVI and LOS. However, their capability to describe the observed chemical pollution of the area has resulted quite poor. For such a reason, a modified ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.257

11. A multi-omics based ecological analysis of coastal marine sediments from Gladstone, in Australia's Central Queensland, and Heron Island, a nearby fringing platform reef

Author:
Beale, D.J.; Crosswell, J.; Karpe, A.V.; Ahmed, W.; Williams, M.; Morrison, P.D.; Metcalfe, S.; Staley, C.; Sadowsky, M.J.; Palombo, E.A.; Steven, A.D.L.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 842-853
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
bacterial communities; carbon; cholesterol; copper; detection limit; ecosystems; fatty acids; gamma-Proteobacteria; guidelines; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; irradiation; islands; marine sediments; metabolomics; nickel; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; reefs; Queensland
Abstract:
... The impact of anthropogenic factors arising from point and non-point pollution sources at a multi commodity marine port and its surrounding ecosystems were studied using sediment samples collected from a number of onshore (Gladstone Harbour and Facing Island) and offshore (Heron Island and Fitzroy Reefs) sites in Australia's Central Queensland. Sediment samples were analyzed for trace metals, orga ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.184

12. Anaerobic oxidation of methane by aerobic methanotrophs in sub-Arctic lake sediments

Author:
Martinez-Cruz, Karla; Leewis, Mary-Cathrine; Herriott, Ian Charold; Sepulveda-Jauregui, Armando; Anthony, Katey Walter; Thalasso, Frederic; Leigh, Mary Beth
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.607-608 pp. 23-31
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Archaea; Methylobacter; carbon; ecosystems; fuels; greenhouse gas emissions; iron; isotope labeling; lakes; methane; methane production; methanotrophs; microbial communities; oxidants; oxidation; permafrost; prediction; sediments; stable isotopes; Arctic region
Abstract:
... Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is a biological process that plays an important role in reducing the CH4 emissions from a wide range of ecosystems. Arctic and sub-Arctic lakes are recognized as significant contributors to global methane (CH4) emission, since CH4 production is increasing as permafrost thaws and provides fuels for methanogenesis. Methanotrophy, including AOM, is critical to red ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.187

13. Analysis of crystals of retrograded starch with sharp X-ray diffraction peaks made by recrystallization of amylose and amylopectin

Author:
Lian, Xijun; Cheng, Kaili; Wang, Danli; Zhu, Wei; Wang, Xueqing
Source:
International journal of food properties 2017 v.20 no.sup3 pp. S3224
ISSN:
1094-2912
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; amylopectin; amylose; crystal structure; crystallization; crystals; differential scanning calorimetry; mixing; molecular weight; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; retrogradation; sweet potato starch; sweet potatoes
Abstract:
... Retrogradation is a common occurrence of starchy food and many methods have been tried to retard it. Uncovering the crystalline structure of retrograded starch provides us the necessary information to get an effective method. In this paper, the crystals of retrograded sweet potato starch with sharp X-ray diffraction peaks were obtained by blending sweet potato amylose and amylopectin with narrow d ...
DOI:
10.1080/10942912.2017.1362433

14. Analysis of emerging organic contaminants in water, fish and suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the Joint Danube Survey using solid-phase extraction followed by UHPLC-MS-MS and GC–MS analysis

Author:
Loos, Robert; Tavazzi, Simona; Mariani, Giulio; Suurkuusk, Gert; Paracchini, Bruno; Umlauf, Gunther
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.607-608 pp. 1201-1212
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
2,4-D; MCPA (herbicide); deet; diclofenac; environmental quality; fish; flame retardants; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; liquid chromatography; metabolites; metolachlor; particulates; perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; perfluorooctanoic acid; phosphates; rivers; solid phase extraction; sulfamethoxazole; surveys; terbutryn; water pollution; Danube River; Romania
Abstract:
... In the third Joint Danube Survey (JDS3), emerging organic contaminants were analysed in the dissolved water phase of samples from the Danube River and its major tributaries. Analyses were performed using solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS-MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The polar org ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.039
PubMed:
28732399
PubMed Central:
PMC5600344

15. A new method for correlation analysis of compositional (environmental) data – a worked example

Author:
Reimann, C.; Filzmoser, P.; Hron, K.; Kynčlová, P.; Garrett, R.G.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.607-608 pp. 965-971
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
C horizons; correlation; data collection; environmental science; geochemistry; geometry; trace elements
Abstract:
... Most data in environmental sciences and geochemistry are compositional. Already the unit used to report the data (e.g., μg/l, mg/kg, wt%) implies that the analytical results for each element are not free to vary independently of the other measured variables. This is often neglected in statistical analysis, where a simple log-transformation of the single variables is insufficient to put the data in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.063

16. A new tool for direct non-invasive evaluation of chlorophyll a content from diffuse reflectance measurements

Author:
Muñoz-Ortuño, M.; Serra-Mora, P.; Herráez-Hernández, R.; Verdú-Andrés, J.; Campíns-Falcó, P.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 370-376
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
chlorophyll; isolation techniques; leaves; normalized difference vegetation index; pesticides; photosynthesis; reflectance; remote sensing; spinach; vegetation; water shortages
Abstract:
... Chlorophyll is a key biochemical component that is responsible for photosynthesis and is an indicator of plant health. The effect of stressors can be determined by measuring the amount of chlorophyll a, which is the most abundant chlorophyll, in vegetation in general. Nowadays, invasive methods and vegetation indices are used for establishing chlorophyll amount or an approximation to this value, r ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.140

17. An integrated specification for the nexus of water pollution and economic growth in China: Panel cointegration, long-run causality and environmental Kuznets curve

Author:
Zhang, Chen; Wang, Yuan; Song, Xiaowei; Kubota, Jumpei; He, Yanmin; Tojo, Junji; Zhu, Xiaodong
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.609 pp. 319-328
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
ammonium nitrogen; chemical oxygen demand; data collection; economic development; oxygen; time series analysis; water pollution; China
Abstract:
... This paper concentrates on a Chinese context and makes efforts to develop an integrated process to explicitly elucidate the relationship between economic growth and water pollution discharge—chemical oxygen demand (COD) discharge and ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), using two unbalanced panel data sets covering the period separately from 1990 to 2014, and 2001 to 2014. In our present study, the panel uni ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.107

18. Anthocyanin profile of strawberry fruit as affected by extraction conditions

Author:
Karaaslan, Nagihan M.; Yaman, Mehmet
Source:
International journal of food properties 2017 v.20 no.sup3 pp. S2313
ISSN:
1094-2912
Subject:
anthocyanins; fruits; liquids; methanol; solvents; spectroscopy; strawberries; temperature
Abstract:
... The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of extraction conditions to determine anthocyanin compounds in strawberry fruit. Anthocyanin profile of this fruit were determined via high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Flow rate of mobile phase, fragmentor potential, injection volume, and column temperature were applied to be optimum values as 0 ...
DOI:
10.1080/10942912.2017.1368548

19. Anthropometric measures at birth and early childhood are associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes among Bangladeshi children aged 2–3years

Author:
Lee, Jane J.; Kapur, Kush; Rodrigues, Ema G.; Ibne Hasan, Md Omar Sharif; Quamruzzaman, Quazi; Wright, Robert O.; Bellinger, David C.; Christiani, David C.; Mazumdar, Maitreyi
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2017 v.607-608 pp. 475-482
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
birth weight; childhood; children; cognition; cohort studies; head circumference; maternal exposure; metals; mothers; neurodevelopment; rural areas; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... Among a cohort of children located in rural areas of Bangladesh affected by high levels of exposure to environmental metals, we investigated the associations between anthropometric measures, growth trajectory, and neurodevelopment at age 20–40months. Our study population included mothers and their children who participated in a longitudinal birth cohort study that took in place in the Pabna and Si ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.168
PubMed:
28704672
PubMed Central:
PMC5587388

20. Antioxidant activity and storage regime of defatted grape seeds flour

Author:
Bogoeva, Adelina L.; Durakova, Albena G.; Pavlov, Atanas I.; Yanakieva, Velichka B.; Vrancheva, Radka Z.; Bozadzhiev, Bozhidar V.; Choroleeva, Kornelia B.
Source:
Wine studies 2017 v.6 no.1
ISSN:
2039-4446
Subject:
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Escherichia coli; Salmonella; Staphylococcus aureus; alcoholic fermentation; antioxidant activity; flour; grape seeds; grapes; particle size; plastic bags; relative humidity; seeds; temperature; wines; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... In the present paper, we examined the antioxidant activity of a defatted grape seeds flour of different grape varieties locally grown in Bulgaria. The seeds are retrieved after alcoholic fermentation and the antioxidant activity of the flour was assessed by using four different methods, namely DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and CUPRAC. The results are presented in mM TE/g extract. The values are 586,08 (±41,55) ...
DOI:
10.4081/ws.2017.6695