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You searched for: Publication year rev 7984-2016 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7984-2016 Subject term X-ray diffraction Remove constraint Subject term: X-ray diffraction Subject term crystal structure Remove constraint Subject term: crystal structure Subject term differential scanning calorimetry Remove constraint Subject term: differential scanning calorimetry Text availability Citation in PubAg Remove constraint Text availability: Citation in PubAg
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1. A Molecular Tetrapod for Organic Photovoltaics

Author:
Yang Jianzhong; Zhang Zhen; Qin Yang
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2016 v.8 no.34 pp. 22392-22401
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; energy; fullerene; separation; solar energy; spectroscopy; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... The synthesis and characterization of a molecular tetrapod, SFBTD, featuring a tetraphenylsilane center and four identical conjugated arms, which structurally resembles breakwaters in common wave-reducing shore constructions, are reported. Cyclic voltammetry reveals that SFBTD has a medium band gap of ca. 2.0 eV and a low-lying HOMO energy level at ca. −5.2 eV. Absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffr ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.6b06365

2. A comparative study of the crystalline structure and mechanical properties of carbon fiber/polyamide 6 composites enhanced with/without silane treatment

Author:
Lin Sang; YuKai Wang; Guangyi Chen; Jicai Liang; Zhiyong Wei
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.109 pp. 107739-107747
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; adhesion; carbon fibers; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; extrusion; injection molding; light microscopy; modulus of rupture; polyamides; scanning electron microscopy; silane; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... Carbon fiber (CF) reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6) composites were manufactured by extrusion compounding and injection molding. The carbon fiber was considered in two forms including untreated and treated with silane coupling agent. The main focus of this study was to investigate the effects of the silane treatment on the mechanical properties and crystalline structure of the composites. Mechanical te ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra18394h

3. A study on mediating the crystallization behavior of PBT through intermolecular hydrogen-bonding

Author:
Zhiyuan Shen; Faliang Luo; Hongcun Bai; Pengfei Si; Xiaomei Lei; Shengfang Ding; Lijie Ji
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.21 pp. 17510-17518
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; absorption; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; hydrogen bonding; light microscopy; melting; mixing; moieties; temperature; thermal properties; wide-angle X-ray scattering
Abstract:
... Intermolecular hydrogen-bonding could be formed between poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and 4,4′-thiodiphenol (TDP) which was verified using advanced quantum-chemistry calculations. Blends of PBT and TDP were prepared through melt blending and the intermolecular hydrogen-bonding was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that intermolecular hydrog ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra25438h

4. Accessing the Physical State and Molecular Mobility of Naproxen Confined to Nanoporous Silica Matrixes

Author:
Cordeiro Teresa; Santos Andreia F. M.; Nunes Guilherme; Cunha Guilherme; Sotomayor João C.; Fonseca Isabel M.; Danède Florence; Dias C. J.; Cardoso M. Margarida; Correia Natália T.; Viciosa M. Teresa; Dionísio Madalena
Source:
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2016 v.120 no.26 pp. 14390-14401
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; drugs; glass transition; hosts; melting; nanopores; porosity; reflectance; silica; temperature
Abstract:
... The pharmaceutical drug naproxen was loaded in three different silica hosts with pore diameters of 2.4 (MCM), 3.2 (MCM), and 5.9 nm (SBA), respectively: napMCM_₂.₄ ₙₘ, napMCM_₃.₂ ₙₘ, and napSBA_₅.₉ ₙₘ. To access the guest physical state in the prepared composites, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrosc ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b04078

5. Aging behavior of the silicone dielectric elastomers in a simulated marine environment

Author:
A. Bele; G. Stiubianu; S. Vlad; C. Tugui; C. D. Varganici; L. Matricala; D. Ionita; D. Timpu; M. Cazacu
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.11 pp. 8941-8955
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; atomic force microscopy; crystal structure; dielectric properties; dielectric spectroscopy; differential scanning calorimetry; energy conversion; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; marine environment; phase transition; scanning electron microscopy; seawater; silicone; surface roughness; ultraviolet radiation; viscoelasticity; water power; wide-angle X-ray scattering
Abstract:
... A series of silicone–barium titanate composites (multiple specimens of each sample), designed as dielectric elastomeric films to be used as active elements in wave energy conversion devices, were immersed in artificial sea water in pseudo-dynamic conditions. While some of specimens were extracted after half a year and subsequently subjected to UV irradiation for 500 h (ASW1/2 + UV procedure), the ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra22780a

6. An electrochemical approach for citric acid treatment of corn starch granules

Author:
Carmen Hernandez‐Jaimes; Eduardo Jaime Vernon‐Carter; Consuelo Lobato‐Calleros; Luis Arturo Bello‐Perez; Jose Alvarez‐Ramirez
Source:
Stärke = 2016 v.68 no.5-6 pp. 558-567
ISSN:
0038-9056
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; acid hydrolysis; acid treatment; ambient temperature; chemical speciation; citric acid; corn starch; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; dispersions; electrochemistry; electrodes; enthalpy; gelatinization; hydrochloric acid; hydrophobicity; leaching; mercury; mixing; particle size distribution; platinum; scanning electron microscopy; starch granules; sulfates
Abstract:
... An electrochemical method for citric acid treatment of corn starch granules at room temperature was explored. The idea was to take advantage of the electrochemical decomposition of citric acid and the enhanced mobility of the resulting chemical species into the starch granules. Corn starch dispersions (20% w/v; 1.0 M citric acid solution; 20°C) were subjected to ±1.0 V, triangular‐shape potential ...
DOI:
10.1002/star.201500244

7. Antisolvent precipitation technique: A very promising approach to crystallize curcumin in presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidon for solubility and dissolution enhancement

Author:
Fatemeh Sadeghi; Mohammad Ashofteh; Alireza Homayouni; Mohammadreza Abbaspour; Ali Nokhodchi; Hadi Afrasiabi Garekani
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2016 v.147 pp. 258-264
ISSN:
0927-7765
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; antineoplastic agents; bioavailability; colloids; crystal structure; crystallization; curcumin; differential scanning calorimetry; gastrointestinal system; medicinal properties; polyvinylpyrrolidone; scanning electron microscopy; solubility
Abstract:
... Curcumin with a vast number of pharmacological activities is a poorly water soluble drug which its oral bioavailability is profoundly limited by its dissolution or solubility in GI tract. Curcumin could be a good anticancer drug if its solubility could be increased. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to increase the dissolution rate of curcumin by employing antisolvent crystallization tec ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.08.004

8. Assessment of Ball Milling as a Compounding Technique to Develop Nanocomposites of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate) and Bacterial Cellulose Nanowhiskers

Author:
Jesús Ambrosio-Martin; María José Fabra; Amparo López-Rubio; Giuliana Gorrasi; Andrea Sorrentino; Jose M. Lagaron
Source:
Journal of polymers and the environment 2016 v.24 no.3 pp. 241-254
ISSN:
1566-2543
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; cellulose; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; energy; milling; nanocomposites; nanocrystals; oxygen; permeability; polyhydroxyalkanoates
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was the assessment of high energy ball milling technique to develop poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanocomposites containing bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers (BCNW). Crystallization behaviour of PHBV/BCNW nanocomposites was studied under non-isothermal and isothermal conditions using differential scanning calorimetry. The changes in PHBV crystalline struc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10924-016-0767-6

9. Biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(ε-carprolactone) polymeric micelles with different tailored topological amphiphilies for doxorubicin (DOX) drug delivery

Author:
Y. Chen; Y. X. Zhang; Z. F. Wu; X. Y. Peng; T. Su; J. Cao; B. He; S. Li
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.63 pp. 58160-58172
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; biodegradability; composite polymers; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; doxorubicin; gel chromatography; inhibitory concentration 50; micelles; nanocarriers; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polyethylene glycol; topology
Abstract:
... Three poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(ε-carprolactone) (PEG–PCL) copolymers with different topologies but identical molar ratio between PEG to PCL were designed. These copolymers, namely, diblock (L-PEG–PCL), triblock (B-PEG–PCL), and star shaped (S-PEG–PCL) copolymers, were extensively characterized by ¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Gel Perm ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra06040d

10. Carbon Nanotube Grafted Poly(l-lactide)-block-poly(d-lactide) and Its Stereocomplexation with Poly(lactide)s: The Nucleation Effect of Carbon Nanotubes

Author:
Cao Zhi-Qiang; Sun Xiao-Rong; Bao Rui-Ying; Yang Wei; Xie Bang-Hu; Yang Ming-Bo
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry 2016 v.4 no.5 pp. 2660-2669
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; carbon nanotubes; chemical elements; composite polymers; crystal structure; crystallites; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; light microscopy; melting; melting point; polymerization
Abstract:
... Multiwalled carbon nanotube (CNT) grafted poly(l-lactide)-block-poly(d-lactide) copolymer (CNT-L-D) was synthesized by ring opening polymerization of d-lactide on the end hydroxyls of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) prepolymers grafted on the surface of CNT. The stereocomplexation of solution cast and melt crystallized CNT-L-D, PLLA/CNT-L-D, and PDLA/CNT-L-D blends were investigated by differential scannin ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00176

11. Changes in physicochemical properties of rice starch during steeping in the parboiling process

Author:
Sichaya Sittipod; Yong-Cheng Shi
Source:
Journal of cereal science 2016 v.69 pp. 398-405
ISSN:
0733-5210
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; amylose; annealing; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; gelatinization; gelatinization temperature; light microscopy; parboiling; physicochemical properties; rice; rice starch; scanning electron microscopy; seeds; soaking; starch granules
Abstract:
... Isolated rice starch, milled rice, and paddy rice kernels of the same variety (18% amylose) were examined after steeping at temperatures (60–75 °C) below and above the onset of rice starch gelatinization temperature for different durations in a 2:1 (w/w) ratio of water to kernel or starch. Changes in gelatinization temperatures were greater for resultant isolated starch >> milled rice > paddy rice ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcs.2016.05.010

12. Changes of starch during parboiling of rice kernels

Author:
Sichaya Sittipod; Yong-Cheng Shi
Source:
Journal of cereal science 2016 v.69 pp. 238-244
ISSN:
0733-5210
Subject:
Silene chalcedonica; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; glycerol; granules; parboiling; rice; rice starch; scanning electron microscopy; seeds; starch granules; steaming
Abstract:
... The morphologies of starch granules within rice kernels were examined immediately after the steaming process (110 °C for 20 min) and after aging of the parboiled rice. Freshly, one-month aged, and commercial parboiled rice were studied to better understand the parboiling process. Starch was completely gelatinized as determined by differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction, indicating ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcs.2016.03.015

13. Characterisation of waste derived biochar added biocomposites: chemical and thermal modifications

Author:
Oisik Das; Ajit K. Sarmah; Zoran Zujovic; Debes Bhattacharyya
Source:
Science of the total environment 2016 v.550 pp. 133-142
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; biochar; biocomposites; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; engineering; free radicals; melting; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polypropylenes; temperature; thermal conductivity; transmission electron microscopy; wastes; wood
Abstract:
... A step towards sustainability was taken by incorporating waste based pyrolysed biochar in wood and polypropylene biocomposites. The effect of biochar particles on the chemistry and thermal makeup of the composites was determined by characterising them through an array of characterisation techniques such as 3D optical profiling, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, electron spin/nuc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.062

14. Characterization of edible corn starch nanocomposite films: The effect of self‐assembled starch nanoparticles

Author:
Chengzhen Liu; Suisui Jiang; Shuangling Zhang; Tingting Xi; Qingjie Sun; Liu Xiong
Source:
Stärke = 2016 v.68 no.3-4 pp. 239-248
ISSN:
0038-9056
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; bio-packaging; corn starch; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; nanocomposites; nanoparticles; packaging materials; permeability; scanning electron microscopy; single nucleotide polymorphism; starch; tensile strength; thermal stability; thermogravimetry; water vapor
Abstract:
... Corn starch nanocomposite films with varying concentrations (0–25%) of starch nanoparticles (SNPs) were obtained with the solution casting method. The scanning electron microscopy images, crystalline characteristics, transparency, water vapor permeability, mechanical properties, and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite films were evaluated. The results showed that when incorporated SNPs from 0 to ...
DOI:
10.1002/star.201500252

15. Characterization of multi-scale structure and thermal properties of Indica rice starch with different amylose contents

Author:
Zhihang Li; Xiangli Kong; Xianrong Zhou; Kui Zhong; Sumei Zhou; Xingxun Liu
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.109 pp. 107491-107497
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; amylopectin; amylose; anion exchange chromatography; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; enthalpy; food processing; gel chromatography; gelatinization temperature; retrogradation; rice starch; small-angle X-ray scattering; thermal properties; viscosity
Abstract:
... Fully understanding the relationship between multi-scale structure and thermal properties of rice starch is important for starch-based food processing. Multi-scale structures of Indica rice starch were studied from molecules to aggregation structure. Gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) and high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) both show that the amylopectin from debranched rice st ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra17922c

16. Characterization of nanoscale retrograded starch prepared by a sonochemical method

Author:
Yongbo Ding; Jianquan Kan
Source:
Stärke = 2016 v.68 no.3-4 pp. 264-273
ISSN:
0038-9056
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; adsorption; amylopectin; amylose; crosslinking; crystal structure; crystals; differential scanning calorimetry; in vitro studies; nanoparticles; scanning electron microscopy; swelling (materials); ultrasonic treatment
Abstract:
... Nanoscale retrograded starch (RS III) particles were prepared using high‐intensity ultrasonication combined with water‐in‐oil (w/o) miniemulsion cross‐linking technique. Results showed that ultrasonication effectively fragmented RS III to nanoparticles 600–700 nm in size. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that ultrasonic treatment produced notches and grooves on the surface of nanoscale R ...
DOI:
10.1002/star.201500313

17. Characterization of pectin from grapefruit peel: A comparison of ultrasound-assisted and conventional heating extractions

Author:
Wenjun Wang; Xiaobin Ma; Peng Jiang; Lyulin Hu; Zijian Zhi; Jianle Chen; Tian Ding; Xingqian Ye; Donghong Liu
Source:
Food hydrocolloids 2016 v.61 pp. 730-739
ISSN:
0268-005X
Subject:
Citrus paradisi; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; acetylation; antioxidant activity; carboxylic ester hydrolases; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; grapefruits; heat; hydrocolloids; molecular weight; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pectins; thermal stability; thermogravimetry; ultrasonic treatment; viscosity
Abstract:
... In the present study, properties of pectin from grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf. cv. Changshanhuyou) peel extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UP), were compared with those of pectin extracted by conventional heating extraction (CP). UP exhibited a lower molecular weight (Mw) but more concentrated Mw distribution than CP. Although both UP and CP were high-methoxyl pectin, UP showed signif ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.06.019

18. Characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates extracted from wastewater sludge under different environmental conditions

Author:
Sang-hyeop Cha; Jae-hyop Son; Yousuf Jamal; Mohd. Zafar; Hung-suck Park
Source:
Biochemical engineering journal 2016 v.112 pp. 1-12
ISSN:
1369-703X
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; biomass; bioplastics; biotransformation; carbon; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; environmental factors; gas chromatography; gel chromatography; industrial applications; melting point; metabolism; molecular weight; polyhydroxyalkanoates; sludge; sodium acetate; temperature; thermal degradation; thermogravimetry; wastewater
Abstract:
... Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are bioplastics that naturally accumulate in the microbial cells while performing organic substrate metabolism. PHAs bioconversion in microbial cells is affected by both growth environments (aerobic and anaerobic) and feeding systems (carbon and nutrient limitations). Sequential batch reactors (SBRs) were used in this research for producing PHAs; studies showed on an a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bej.2015.12.021

19. Concomitant polymorphs of methoxyflavone (5-methyl-7-methoxyflavone)

Author:
Ningbo Gong; Kun Hu; Guimin Jin; Guanhua Du; Yang Lu
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.45 pp. 38709-38715
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; absorption; ambient temperature; bioactive compounds; chemical interactions; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; milling; slurries; solvents; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... A novel metastable polymorph and an unstable amorphous phase of methoxyflavone were discovered after a decade since the first report of the X-ray crystal structure of this bioactive compound. The new polymorph (form B) was crystallized from a single solvent that produced two different polymorphs concomitantly, which is different from the reported structure of form A (CCDC code: FATYOP). The two po ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra05995c

20. Crystal structure, thermal crystal form transformation, desolvation process and desolvation kinetics of two novel solvates of ciclesonide

Author:
Lina Zhou; Qiuxiang Yin; Shichao Du; Hongxun Hao; Yanfeng Li; Mingyan Liu; Baohong Hou
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.56 pp. 51037-51045
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-radiation; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; cyclohexanes; differential scanning calorimetry; methanol; microscopy; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Two novel solvates of ciclesonide were successfully obtained and characterized by various analytical techniques (X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray single-crystal diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and hot-stage microscopy). Crystal structure analysis results indicate that the solvate of ciclesonide formed with cyclohexane (HCC) is a channel solvate and isostru ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08351j

21. Crystal structures and hydrogenation properties of palladium-rich compounds with elements from groups 12–16

Author:
André Götze; Jonas Michael Sander; Holger Kohlmann
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2016 v.71 no.5 pp. 503-508
ISSN:
1865-7117
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; helium; hydrogen; hydrogenation; liquids; palladium
Abstract:
... We report on crystal structure data and hydrogenation properties of 24 palladium-rich intermetallic compounds with elements from groups 12–16 of the Periodic Table. Refined crystal structures based on X-ray powder diffraction data are presented for Pd₃As (Fe₃P type structure) and several members of the Pd₅TlAs type structure family. Hydrogenation was studied in situ by differential scanning calori ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2016-0003

22. Crystallization and temperature-dependent structure deflection of C₆mimBr ionic liquid intercalated in LAPONITE®

Author:
Fangling Jiang; Cheng Li; Xiaojing Guo; Haiying Fu; Guozhong Wu; Shimou Chen
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.100 pp. 98018-98025
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; ambient temperature; bromine; cations; crystal structure; crystallization; crystals; differential scanning calorimetry; hydrogen bonding; ionic liquids; nanopores; physicochemical properties; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... The physicochemical properties of large molecules confined in nanopores are expected to be different from those of the bulk. This study investigates the cation–anion relative position and the molecular orientation of the 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (C₆mimBr) ionic liquid intercalated in LAPONITE® by a temperature-dependent X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and some traditional methods ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra18618a

23. Development of PLA/cellulosic fiber composite foams using injection molding: Crystallization and foaming behaviors

Author:
WeiDan Ding; Davoud Jahani; Eunse Chang; Ayse Alemdar; Chul B. Park; Mohini Sain
Source:
Composites 2016 v.83 pp. 130-139
ISSN:
1359-835X
Subject:
Picea mariana; X-ray diffraction; cell structures; cellulosic fibers; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; foaming; injection molding; lubricants; medium density fiberboards; melting; polylactic acid; scanning electron microscopy; shear stress; softwood; temperature; thermal properties; thermogravimetry; wide-angle X-ray scattering
Abstract:
... Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and northern bleached softwood kraft (NBSK) or black spruce medium density fiberboard (MDF) fibers were melt compounded using a co-rotating twin screw extruder and subsequently microcellular injection molded. Poly(ethlylene glycol) (PEG) was used as a lubricant. The microcellular structure, thermal properties, and crystallization behaviors were characterized using scanning ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.10.003

24. Development of ionic liquid mediated novel polymer electrolyte membranes for application in Na-ion batteries

Author:
Varun Kumar Singh; Shalu; Sujeet Kumar Chaurasia; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.46 pp. 40199-40210
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; ambient temperature; artificial membranes; batteries; cations; crystal structure; dielectric spectroscopy; differential scanning calorimetry; electrochemistry; ionic liquids; oxygen; polymers; scanning electron microscopy; sodium; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Polymer electrolyte membranes based on polymer PEO, ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate, BMIM-MS, and salt, sodium methylsulfate, NaMS, {PEO + x wt% BMIM-MS for x = 0 and 20 and (PEO + 10 wt% of NaMS) + x wt% BMIM-MS for x = 0, 20 and 60} were prepared and characterized by various experimental techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), therm ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra06047a

25. Effect of Heteroaromatic Pendants in Comb Copolymers on Paraffin Crystallization and Cold Flow Ability of Crude Oil

Author:
Zhao Hanqing; Xu Jun; Li Tao; Wang Tongshuai; Wei Xiaoming; Wang Jie; Xu Yisheng; Li Li; Guo Xuhong
Source:
Energy & Fuels 2016 v.30 no.7 pp. 5398-5403
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; additives; alkanes; composite polymers; crystal structure; crystallization; crystals; differential scanning calorimetry; heterocyclic compounds; hydrogen bonding; light microscopy; maleic acid; maleic anhydrides; models; oils; petroleum; temperature
Abstract:
... Adding comb copolymers as chemical additives is considered an effective and convenient method to improve the cold flow ability of crude oils. To improve the effectiveness of comb copolymers on the flow ability modification for crude oils with asphaltenes, poly(maleic acid amide-α-octadecene) with benzimidazolyl pendants (MACB) were designed and synthesized. In comparison to reported comb maleic an ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00451

26. Effect of PMMA blend and ZnAl₂O₄ fillers on ionic conductivity and electrochemical performance of electrospun nanocomposite polymer blend fibrous electrolyte membranes for lithium batteries

Author:
O. Padmaraj; M. Venkateswarlu; N. Satyanarayana
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.8 pp. 6486-6495
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; ambient temperature; ceramics; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; electrochemistry; electrolytes; lithium; lithium batteries; nanocomposites; polymethylmethacrylate; scanning electron microscopy; soaking; thermal stability
Abstract:
... Electrospun pure and hybrid nanocomposite PMMA blend fibrous electrolyte membranes with various x wt% of ZnAl₂O₄, (x = 2, 4, 6 and 8) ceramic fillers were prepared by an electrospinning technique. All the prepared electrospun pure P(VdF-co-HFP), PMMA blend [90% P(VdF-co-HFP)/10% PMMA] and nanocomposite PMMA blend [90% P(VdF-co-HFP)/10% PMMA/x wt% ZnAl₂O₄, (x = 2, 4, 6 and 8)] fibrous membranes wer ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra15700e

27. Effect of compounding method and processing conditions on the electrical response of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelet/polylactic acid nanocomposite films

Author:
Erin M. Sullivan; Rosario A. Gerhardt; Ben Wang; Kyriaki Kalaitzidou
Source:
Journal of materials science 2016 v.51 no.6 pp. 2980-2990
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; chloroform; compression molding; cooling; crystal structure; crystallization; dielectric spectroscopy; differential scanning calorimetry; electrical properties; graphene; melting; microstructure; mixing; nanocomposites; polylactic acid; scanning electron microscopy; thermal properties
Abstract:
... The focus of this study is to understand the effect of compounding method and polymer physical properties on the electrical response of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelet (GNP)/polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposite films. Two compounding methods were employed: (i) melt mixing, followed by compression molding, and (ii) solution mixing once the polymer was dissolved in chloroform, followed by solution c ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-015-9609-5

28. Effect of phosphonium based ionic liquid on structural, electrochemical and thermal behaviour of polymer poly(ethylene oxide) containing salt lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide

Author:
Himani Gupta; Shalu; Liton Balo; Varun Kumar Singh; Sujeet Kumar Chaurasia; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.91 pp. 87878-87887
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; dielectric spectroscopy; differential scanning calorimetry; electrochemistry; electrolytes; glass transition temperature; ionic liquids; lithium; melting point; polyethylene glycol; scanning electron microscopy; thermal stability; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) using polymer poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), lithium salt bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and ionic liquid (IL) trihexyltetradeylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide have been prepared. These prepared solid polymer electrolyte films have been characterised by using different experimental techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron micro ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra20393k

29. Effect of polar rotation on the formation of porous poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes by immersion precipitation in an alcohol bath

Author:
Hsu-Hsien Chang; Liang-Kuei Chang; Cheng-Dau Yang; Dar-Jong Lin; Liao-Ping Cheng
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2016 v.513 pp. 186-196
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Hydrangea; X-ray diffraction; artificial membranes; butanol; coagulants; crystal structure; crystals; differential scanning calorimetry; flowers; fluorides; isopropyl alcohol; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; porous media
Abstract:
... Microporous poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes were prepared by isothermal immersion-precipitation of PVDF/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) casting dopes in different alcohol baths. The formed membranes can be divided into two groups, based on the morphology and crystal type of the globular particles constituting the membrane matrix. The particles in the first group of membranes appear like a h ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2016.04.052

30. Effects of Fabric Structures on the Mechanical and Structural Properties of Poly(ϵ-Caprolactone)/Silk Fabric Biocomposites

Author:
Yongmin Wu; Geyang Cao; Hongjun Yang; Yingshan Zhou; Xin Liu; Weilin Xu
Source:
Journal of natural fibers 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 1-9
ISSN:
1544-046X
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; biocomposites; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; fabrics; fibroins; mechanical properties; mixing; photographs; scanning electron microscopy; silk; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... To develop novel biocomposites, three different types of silk fibroin (SF) fabrics were, respectively, blended with poly(ϵ -caprolactone) (PCL) by a solution blending method. The effects of fabric structures on the mechanical and structural properties of PCL/SF biocomposites were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy photographs showed that SF were linked with PCL matrix. Wide-angle X-ray dif ...
DOI:
10.1080/15440478.2014.984051

31. Enhanced dielectric and ferroelectric properties in PVDF composite flexible films through doping with diisopropylammonium bromide

Author:
Yan Sui; Wen-Tong Chen; Jun-Jie Ma; Rong-Hua Hu; Dong-Sheng Liu
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.9 pp. 7364-7369
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; composite films; composite materials; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; scanning electron microscopy; thermoplastics
Abstract:
... A ferroelectric compound diisopropylammonium bromide (DIPAB) was dispersed into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix to form DIPAB/PVDF composite films. The composite film with different content of DIPAB was characterized by IR, XRD, DSC and SEM. The results indicated that soluble DIPAB could be homogeneously dispersed within PVDF matrix to form almost pure β-phase PVDF composite films without ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra25371c

32. Enhanced dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of ginkgo biloba extract by preparing nanoparticles via emulsion solvent evaporation combined with freeze drying (ESE-FR)

Author:
Lingling Wang; Xiuhua Zhao; Yuangang Zu; Weiwei Wu; Yuanyuan Li; Chang Zu; Yin Zhang
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.81 pp. 77346-77357
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Ginkgo biloba; X-ray diffraction; bioavailability; chloroform; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; ethanol; evaporation; flavonoids; freeze drying; gastric juice; lactones; nanoemulsions; nanoparticles; particle size; scanning electron microscopy; solubility; solvents; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Ginkgo biloba extract nanoparticles were successfully prepared by the method of emulsion solvent evaporation combined with freeze-drying (ESE-FR). By the single-factor method, the optimal parameters were determined: the concentration of GBE was 5 mg mL⁻¹, volume ratio of water to organic phase was 1 : 1, homogenate speed and time were 12 000 rpm and 3 min, respectively, and homogeneous pressure an ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra14771b

33. Enzymatic degradation of poly(butylene succinate) by cutinase cloned from Fusarium solani

Author:
Xueyan Hu; Zhaoying Gao; Zhanyong Wang; Tingting Su; Lei Yang; Ping Li
Source:
Polymer Degradation and Stability 2016 v.134 pp. 211-219
ISSN:
0141-3910
Subject:
manganese; Komagataella pastoris; gel chromatography; scanning electron microscopy; genes; crystal structure; iron; EDTA (chelating agent); differential scanning calorimetry; sodium; molecular weight; beta-mercaptoethanol; Fusarium solani; cutinase; cobalt; succinic acid; gene overexpression; potassium; temperature; enzyme activity; X-ray diffraction; zinc; pH
Abstract:
... A gene encoding cutinase from Fusarium solani was cloned and overexpressed in Pichia pastoris. The recombinant cutinase with a molecular weight of 24 kDa was then purified to homogeneity. The enzyme presents degradation capacity for poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and exhibits the optimum pH and temperature of 8.0 and 50 °C, respectively. Enzyme activity is enhanced by K+ and Na+ and inhibited by Z ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.10.012

34. Ferrocene and [3]ferrocenophane-based β-diketonato copper(ii) and zinc(ii) complexes: synthesis, crystal structure, electrochemistry and catalytic effect on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Author:
Haiying Zhao; Xueyou Zhu; Yadong Shang; Shufeng Chen; Baoguo Li; Zhanxi Bian
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.41 pp. 34476-34483
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; ammonium perchlorate; burning; catalysts; copper; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; electrochemistry; heat; ligands; temperature; thermal degradation; thermal stability; thermogravimetry; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; zinc
Abstract:
... Ferrocene and [3]ferrocenophane-based β-diketones and their Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) complexes have been synthesized and characterized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the molecular structures of the Cu(ii) complexes. UV-vis spectroscopy and electrochemical measurements were obtained. All the new compounds showed quasireversible and diffusion-controlled redox processes. The complexes ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra02588a

35. Furan-based co-polyesters with enhanced thermal properties: poly(1,4-butylene-co-1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylic acid)

Author:
Lechen Diao; Kunmei Su; Zhenhuan Li; Changkun Ding
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.33 pp. 27632-27639
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; carboxylic acids; composite polymers; condensation reactions; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; equations; heat; melting; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polyesters; temperature; thermal stability
Abstract:
... New co-polyesters of poly(butylene-co-1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylic acid) (PBCFs) were synthesized from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) via a two-step esterification–polycondensation procedure. The structure of the synthesized polymers were characterized by ¹H NMR, and the characterization results revealed that the co- ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra27617a

36. Granular size of potato starch affects structural properties, octenylsuccinic anhydride modification and flowability

Author:
Chan Wang; Chuan-He Tang; Xiong Fu; Qiang Huang; Bin Zhang
Source:
Food chemistry 2016 v.212 pp. 453-459
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
X-radiation; X-ray diffraction; capillary electrophoresis; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; granules; potato starch; potatoes; scanning electron microscopy; starch; surface area
Abstract:
... Native potato starch (PS) granules were separated into three size fractions: larger than 30μm (P-L), 15–30μm (P-M), and smaller than 15μm (P-S). The morphological and crystalline structure of fractionated potato starches were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The P-L fraction showed ellipsoidal shape a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.006

37. Graphene enhanced low-density polyethylene by pretreatment and melt compounding

Author:
Hong Lei; Zhuo Liu; Chong He; Shou-Chun Zhang; Ye-Qun Liu; Cheng-Jie Hua; Xiao-Ming Li; Feng Li; Cheng-Meng Chen; Rong Cai
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.103 pp. 101492-101500
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; differential thermal analysis; flame retardants; graphene; melting; nanocomposites; polyethylene; scanning electron microscopy; storage modulus; surface area; tensile strength; thermal stability; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... The rational design and fabrication of structural-functional materials are development trends in materials science. Herein, graphene enhanced low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is prepared by pretreatment and melt compounding, which is a simple and eco-friendly method. The amount of graphene added is controlled from 0 to 0.8 wt% to explore the enhancement effects. The graphene/LDPE nanocomposites (LP ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra15702e

38. Graphene oxide induced crystallization and hydrolytic degradation of poly(butylene succinate)

Author:
Xue-chong Du; Xian-ling Xu; Xiao-hao Liu; Jing-hui Yang; Yong Wang; Xiao-ling Gao
Source:
Polymer degradation and stability 2016 v.123 pp. 94-104
ISSN:
0141-3910
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; crystallites; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; graphene oxide; hydrophilicity; microstructure; wettability; wide-angle X-ray scattering
Abstract:
... In this work, different contents of graphene oxide (GO) were introduced into poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) to study the effects of GO on crystallization of PBS matrix and the resultant hydrolytic degradation behaviors of the PBS/GO composites. The initial crystalline structures of PBS in the composites were investigated using a polarized optical microscope (POM), differential scanning calorimetry ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.11.011

39. Graphene/nickel aerogel: an effective catalyst for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Author:
Yuanfei Lan; Bixin Jin; Jingke Deng; Yunjun Luo
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.85 pp. 82112-82117
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; aerogels; ammonium perchlorate; carbon dioxide; catalysts; catalytic activity; chemical composition; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; drying; graphene; nanoparticles; nickel; nitrogen; porous media; scanning electron microscopy; sol-gel processing; temperature; thermal degradation; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... We report a simple and effective approach to fabricate graphene/nickel (G/Ni) aerogels by a sol–gel method and supercritical CO₂ drying technique. The crystalline structure and chemical composition of the G/Ni aerogels have been investigated using X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The morphology and porous attributes of the G/Ni aerogels have been characterized by transmissio ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra15661d

40. Homogeneous carboxymethylated orange pulp cellulose: Characterization and evaluation in terms of drug delivery

Author:
Ch. Ashok Kumar Varma; R.K. Koley; Sanjay Singh; A.K. Sen; K. Jayaram Kumar
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2016 v.93 pp. 1141-1146
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
wastes; thermogravimetry; X-ray diffraction; orange pulp; crystal structure; drugs; monochloroacetic acid; carboxymethylcellulose; differential scanning calorimetry; scanning electron microscopy; temperature; colon
Abstract:
... The aim of the present study is to develop an environment-friendly method to convert orange pulp wastes to Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by homogeneous substitution. Carboxymethylation of Orange pulp treated with alkaline PEG solutions was investigated and characterized by means of TGA, DSC, XRD and SEM and compared with commercial CMC. The TGA data reveals that shifting of peaks was observed towa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.084

41. Impact of Dimerization on Phase Separation and Crystallinity in Bulk Heterojunction Films Containing Non-Fullerene Acceptors

Author:
Stoltzfus Dani M.; Clulow Andrew J.; Jin Hui; Burn Paul L.; Gentle Ian R.
Source:
Macromolecules 2016 v.49 no.12 pp. 4404-4415
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; dimerization; melting point; polymers; separation; solar cells; thermal properties
Abstract:
... We report the synthesis of monomeric and dimeric dicyanovinylbenzothiadiazole-based non-fullerene acceptors and investigate the phase behavior of blend systems comprising poly(3-n-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and the new materials. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms of blends with different compositions revealed that no eutectic composition existed for the blends, in contrast to previou ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00984

42. Improved performance of dye-sensitized solar cells based on modified kaolin/PVDF-HFP composite gel electrolytes

Author:
Kaiyue Zhang; Zijian Cui; Guangyu Xing; Yaqing Feng; Shuxian Meng
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.102 pp. 100079-100089
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; diffusivity; electrolytes; gels; kaolin; lighting; nanoparticles; polymers; scanning electron microscopy; silane; solar cells
Abstract:
... Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) fabricated with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) composite gel electrolytes containing variable amounts of modified kaolin were studied in this work. The kaolin was modified with silane coupling agent γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), and the modified kaolin (M-KL) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier- ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra19803a

43. Influences of melt-draw ratio and annealing on the crystalline structure and orientation of poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) casting films

Author:
Ai-ping Ma; Li-yang Xu; Bo Yin; Ming-bo Yang; Bang-hu Xie
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.67 pp. 62038-62044
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; annealing; crystal structure; crystals; differential scanning calorimetry; melting; scanning electron microscopy; temperature
Abstract:
... Poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) casting films with row-nucleated lamellar structure were extruded through a slit die followed by stretching using a chill roll. The influences of melt draw ratio, annealing temperature, annealing time and supplied strain level on the crystalline morphology and orientation of the poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) casting films were carefully investigated by means of scanning electro ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08156h

44. Irreversible phase transition in BiVO₄ nanostructures synthesized by a polyol method and enhancement in photo degradation of methylene blue

Author:
Swati Nikam; Satyawati Joshi
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.109 pp. 107463-107474
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; bismuth; catalysts; chemical bonding; crystal structure; crystallography; differential scanning calorimetry; ethylene glycol; irradiation; light; methylene blue; nanomaterials; nitrates; oxides; phase transition; photocatalysis; photolysis; polyols; temperature
Abstract:
... Structure and bonding in metal oxides has been studied extensively using Raman vibrational spectroscopy and is found to provide complementary information to the crystallographic observations. In this study, BiVO₄ nanostructures with pure and stable crystal phases were synthesized selectively by reaction between Bi(NO₃)₃·5H₂O and NH₄VO₃ in ethylene glycol at temperatures between 80 °C to 140 °C. A ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra14700c

45. Magnetic Cellulose Nanocrystal Based Anisotropic Polylactic Acid Nanocomposite Films: Influence on Electrical, Magnetic, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties

Author:
Dhar Prodyut; Kumar Amit; Katiyar Vimal
Source:
ACS applied materials 2016 v.8 no.28 pp. 18393-18409
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; adsorption; bamboos; cellulose; coprecipitation; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; electrical properties; electronics; glass transition temperature; iron oxides; magnetic fields; magnetic properties; manufacturing; modulus of elasticity; nanocomposites; nanocrystals; nanoparticles; polylactic acid; pulp; spectral analysis; tensile strength
Abstract:
... This paper reports a single-step co-precipitation method for the fabrication of magnetic cellulose nanocrystals (MGCNCs) with high iron oxide nanoparticle content (∼51 wt % loading) adsorbed onto cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopic studies confirmed that the hydroxyl groups on the surface of CNCs (derived from the bambo ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.6b02828

46. Mechanical, structural and thermal properties of Ag–Cu and ZnO reinforced polylactide nanocomposite films

Author:
Jasim Ahmed; Yasir Ali Arfat; Edgar Castro-Aguirre; Rafael Auras
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2016 v.86 pp. 885-892
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; alloys; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; glass transition temperature; melting; nanocomposites; nanoparticles; polyethylene glycol; polylactic acid; rheology; scanning electron microscopy; solvents; tensile strength; thermal properties; zinc oxide
Abstract:
... Plasticized polylactic acid (PLA) based nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating polyethylene glycol (PEG) and two selected nanoparticles (NPs) [silver–copper (Ag–Cu) alloy (<100nm) and zinc oxide (ZnO) (<50 and <100nm)] through solvent casting method. Incorporation of Ag–Cu alloy into the PLA/PEG matrix increased the glass transition temperature (Tg) significantly. The crystallinity of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.034

47. Mitigating crystallization of saturated FAMES (fatty acid methyl esters) in biodiesel: 4. The phase behavior of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl glycerol – Methyl stearate binary system

Author:
Athira Mohanan; Laziz Bouzidi; Suresh S. Narine
Source:
Energy 2016 v.96 pp. 242-252
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; biodiesel; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; fatty acid methyl esters; glycerol; light microscopes; microstructure; mixing; palmitic acid; physical phases; solubility; stearic acid; thermal properties; thermodynamic models; triacylglycerols
Abstract:
... The present study examines the phase behavior of a model binary system made of OPO (1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl glycerol); a TAG (triacylglycerol) highly effective in depressing onset of crystallization of biodiesel, and MeS (methyl stearate); a prevalent saturated FAMEs (fatty acid methyl esters) in biodiesel. The thermal behavior, crystal structure and microstructure of the OPO/MeS mixtures were in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2015.11.080

48. Mitigating crystallization of saturated FAMEs in biodiesel 6: The binary phase behavior of 1, 2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl sn-glycerol – Methyl stearate

Author:
Athira Mohanan; Laziz Bouzidi; Suresh S. Narine
Source:
Energy 2016 v.100 pp. 273-284
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; biodiesel; cold; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; equations; fatty acid methyl esters; light microscopes; microstructure; models; moieties; physical phases; solubility; stearic acid; structure-activity relationships; triacylglycerols; vegetable oil
Abstract:
... The derivatives of vegetable oils with specific chemical structures, such as TAG (triacylglycerols) having mixed straight and kinked moieties, have proven very effective in lowering the crystallization of biodiesel. SOO (1, 2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl sn-glycerol)/MeS (methyl stearate) is part of a series of studies of TAG/FAME (fatty acid methyl ester) binary model systems conducted to establish struct ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2016.01.096

49. Morphological and thermal evaluation of blends of polyethylene wax and paraffin

Author:
J.K. Akishino; D.P. Cerqueira; G.C. Silva; V. Swinka-Filho; M. Munaro
Source:
Thermochimica acta 2016 v.626 pp. 9-12
ISSN:
0040-6031
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; liquids; polyethylene; temperature; thermal properties
Abstract:
... The thermal behavior and the morphology of blends of polyethylene wax and paraffin were investigated to evaluate the feasibility of using these materials to obtain a new temperature-indicating device to use in order to indicate failures in electrical connections due to overheating. The samples were evaluated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and dynamic mechanic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tca.2016.01.002

50. N-carboxyethyl chitosan fibers prepared as potential use in tissue engineering

Author:
Shuoshuo Yang; Qi Dong; Hongjun Yang; Xin Liu; Shaojin Gu; Yingshan Zhou; Weilin Xu
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2016 v.82 pp. 1018-1022
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; acrylic acid; chitosan; crystal structure; cytotoxicity; differential scanning calorimetry; hydrogen bonding; hydrophilicity; mechanical properties; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; thermal properties; thermogravimetry; tissue engineering
Abstract:
... To improve the hydrophilicity of chitosan fiber, N-carboxyethyl chitosan fiber was prepared through Michael addition between chitosan fiber with acrylic acid. The structure was studied by 1H NMR. The degree of N-substitution, measured via 1H NMR, was easily varied from 0.10 to 0.51 by varying the molar ratio of acrylic acid to chitosan. Series of properties of N-carboxyethyl chitosan fiber includi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.078

51. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics, thermal degradation behavior and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)/MOF composites prepared by melt-blending methods

Author:
Xiu Dai; Yu Cao; Xiaowei Shi; Xinlong Wang
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.75 pp. 71461-71471
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; crystallites; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; polylactic acid; temperature; tensile strength; thermal degradation; thermal stability; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... In this article, poly(lactic acid)/metal–organic framework composites were prepared by melt-blending methods and the effects of MOFs on the non-isothermal crystallization, thermal degradation and mechanical property of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and tensile testing, respectively. The Jeziorny and Mo methods were ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra14190k

52. Novel Sol–Gel Synthesis of MgZr4P6O24 Composite Solid Electrolyte and Newer Insight into the Mg2+-Ion Conducting Properties Using Impedance Spectroscopy

Author:
Adamu Mohammed; Kale Girish M.
Source:
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2016 v.120 no.32 pp. 17909-17915
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; activation energy; ceramics; crystal structure; crystallites; dielectric spectroscopy; differential scanning calorimetry; electrical properties; electrolytes; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; magnesium; microstructure; pellets; phase transition; phosphates; porosity; refining; scanning electron microscopy; sensors (equipment); temperature; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopy; zirconium; zirconium oxide
Abstract:
... Magnesium zirconium phosphate, MgZr₄P₆O₂₄ (MZP), is a magnesium ion conducting ceramic material with potential for application as solid electrolyte in high temperature electrochemical sensor in non-ferrous scrap metal refining and virgin metal alloying operations. In this work, MZP was synthesized using a simple but novel and economical sol–gel route at a significantly reduced temperature. An insi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b05036

53. Novel nanocomposites with selective antibacterial action and low cytotoxic effect on eukaryotic cells

Author:
Kumari Shweta; Kanakaraju Manupati; Amitava Das; Harit Jha
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2016 v.92 pp. 988-997
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
Bacillus subtilis; Escherichia coli; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Pseudomonas; Staphylococcus aureus; X-ray diffraction; anti-infective agents; antibacterial properties; breast neoplasms; crystal structure; cytotoxicity; differential scanning calorimetry; eukaryotic cells; lung neoplasms; microorganisms; nanocomposites; packaging materials; prostatic neoplasms; scanning electron microscopy; translation (genetics); ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... In the present study we synthesized lignin-tetra ethoxysilane (TEOS) nanocomposite and characterized it using UV-spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). XRD spectra and SEM micrographs confirmed a relatively high degree of crystallinity (peaks ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.064

54. Oxygen-rich anion based energetic salts with high detonation performances

Author:
Ying Li; Haifeng Huang; Xiangyang Lin; Renming Pan; Jun Yang
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.59 pp. 54310-54317
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; ammonium salts; carbon; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; friction; infrared spectroscopy; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; stable isotopes; temperature
Abstract:
... A new class of energetic salts containing an oxygen-rich anion—the 2,2,2-trinitroethyl nitrocarbamate anion were synthesized and fully characterized by NMR (¹H and ¹³C), IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Furthermore, the crystal structures of ammonium salt (1), 4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium salt (4) and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazolium salt (5) were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The dif ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra10756g

55. Physico-chemical, functional and structural properties of RS3/RS4 from kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars

Author:
Adil Gani; Amreen Jan; Asima Shah; F.A. Masoodi; Mudasir Ahmad; Bilal Ahmad Ashwar; Rehana Akhter; Idrees Ahmed Wani
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2016 v.87 pp. 514-521
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Phaseolus vulgaris; X-ray diffraction; amylose; black beans; citric acid; crystal structure; cultivars; differential scanning calorimetry; kidney beans; pasting properties; red beans; resistant starch; solubility; swelling (materials); temperature; thermal stability; viscosity
Abstract:
... Starch isolated from four kidney bean cultivars (Yellow bean, Red bean, Black bean and White bean) were physically and chemically modified in order to prepare resistant starch (RS3/RS4). Following the Heat-moisture treatment (HMT) and Citric acid modification (CT) of the native starch, the amylose content got decreased whereas bulk and tapped density (g/ml) increased. Both HMT and CT reduced the s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.03.017

56. Preparation and characterization of cefquinome sulfate microparticles for transdermal delivery by negative-pressure cavitation antisolvent precipitation

Author:
Xinxuan Du; Suchong Zu; Fengli Chen; Zaizhi Liu; Xinran Li; Lei Yang; Yuangang Zu; Xiuhua Zhao; Lin Zhang
Source:
Powder technology 2016 v.294 pp. 429-436
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; anti-inflammatory activity; crystal structure; crystals; differential scanning calorimetry; dimethyl sulfoxide; ethanol; microparticles; particle size; permeability; physicochemical properties; powders; scanning electron microscopy; solvents; sulfates
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to prepare micronized cefquinome sulfate by negative-pressure cavitation antisolvent precipitation to improve its permeability and transdermal absorbability. Dimethylsulfoxide and ethanol were used as the solvent and anti-solvent, respectively. The effects of operating parameters, including cefquinome sulfate concentration, volume ratio of antisolvent to solvent, an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2016.03.008

57. Preparation and characterization of electrospun PHBV/PEO mats: The role of solvent and PEO component

Author:
Yongjing Xu; Liming Zou; Hongwei Lu; Yizhi Wei; Jianbing Hua; Shuyun Chen
Source:
Journal of materials science 2016 v.51 no.12 pp. 5695-5711
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; contact angle; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; mechanical properties; methylene chloride; porosity; reflectance spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy; solvents; thermogravimetry; tissue engineering; water vapor
Abstract:
... Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) mats were fabricated by electrospinning in different weight ratios (i.e., 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 0/100). In this paper, dichloromethane (DCM) has been used as potential solvent for electrospinning. In order to evaluate the influence of PEO and DCM on the final properties of PHBV mat, the following chara ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-016-9872-0

58. Preparation and characterization of size-controlled starch nanoparticles based on short linear chains from debranched waxy corn starch

Author:
Chao Qiu; Jie Yang; Shengju Ge; Ranran Chang; Liu Xiong; Qingjie Sun
Source:
Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + Technologie 2016 v.74 pp. 303-310
ISSN:
0023-6438
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; corn starch; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; ethanol; gel chromatography; light scattering; melting point; nanoparticles; particle size; polymerization; starch; temperature; thermal properties; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopy; waxy corn
Abstract:
... Starch nanoparticles (SNPs) with controllable particle sizes were prepared by nanoprecipitation using short linear chains from debranched waxy corn starch. The morphology, size distribution, degree of polymerization, crystal structure, and thermal properties of SNPs prepared with different volume ratio of starch solution to absolute ethanol were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, dy ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lwt.2016.07.062

59. Preparation and characterization of starch nanoparticles via self-assembly at moderate temperature

Author:
Chengzhen Liu; Yang Qin; Xiaojing Li; Qingjie Sun; Liu Xiong; Zhuzhu Liu
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2016 v.84 pp. 354-360
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; corn starch; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; gelatinization temperature; light scattering; molecular weight; nanocomposites; nanoparticles; polymerization; starch; transmission electron microscopy; waxy corn
Abstract:
... Starch nanoparticles (SNPs) were fabricated via short glucan chains self-assembly at 50°C and their characteristics were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, molecular weight distributions, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that SNPs exhibited spherical particles with a diameter ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.040

60. Preparation of microporous carbon materials via in-depth sulfonation and stabilization of polyethylene

Author:
Chengpeng Li; Haijin Zhu; Nisa V. Salim; Bronwyn L. Fox; Nishar Hameed
Source:
Polymer Degradation and Stability 2016 v.134 pp. 272-283
ISSN:
0141-3910
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; carbon; carbonization; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; gases; pellets; polyethylene; porous media; pyrolysis; thermal stability; toluene; weight loss
Abstract:
... Microporous carbon material was fabricated via the in-depth sulfonation and carbonization of commercial polyethylene (PE) pellets for the first time. The change in thermal-stability, chemical structure, crystallinity and morphology of PE during the fabrication process was systematically analyzed. Porous polyethylene (PPE) clumps were firstly fabricated in a toluene/water mixed system via reprecipi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.10.019

61. Preparation, characterization and bioavailability of oral puerarin nanoparticles by emulsion solvent evaporation method

Author:
Yin Zhang; Yong Li; Xiuhua Zhao; Yuangang Zu; Weiguo Wang; Weiwei Wu; Chen Zhong; Mingfang Wu; Zhao Li
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.74 pp. 69889-69901
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; absorption; bioavailability; crystal structure; cytotoxicity; differential scanning calorimetry; ethanol; ethyl acetate; evaporation; freeze drying; gastric juice; intestines; nanoemulsions; nanoparticles; particle size; scanning electron microscopy; solvents; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopy; water solubility; zeta potential
Abstract:
... To improve the water solubility and dissolution rate, puerarin (PUE) was nanocrystallized by an emulsion solvent evaporation (ESE) method, followed by freeze-drying. The optimized conditions of the preparation process were obtained by a single-factor method. Under the optimum conditions, PUE nanoemulsion with mean particle size (MPS) of 185.2 ± 39.8 nm and polydispersity index value (PI) of 0.005 ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra08413c

62. Probing the synergism of halloysite nanotubes and electrospinning on crystallinity, polymorphism and piezoelectric performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride)

Author:
Mohammed Khalifa; Arunjunairaj Mahendran; S. Anandhan
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.115 pp. 114052-114060
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; electric potential difference; halloysite; nanocomposites; nanofibers; nanotubes; synergism; thermoplastics; wide-angle X-ray scattering
Abstract:
... Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers have tremendous potential in nano-sensing and energy scavenging applications. In this study, uniaxially aligned nanofibers were developed from halloysite nanotubes (HNT)/PVDF nanocomposite using electrospinning technique. Incorporation of HNT into PVDF not only reduced the diameter of the electrospun nanofibers, but, also improved their morphology. Fouri ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra20599b

63. Production and characterization of cellulose reinforced starch (CRT) films

Author:
K. Sudharsan; C. Chandra Mohan; P. Azhagu Saravana Babu; G. Archana; K. Sabina; M. Sivarajan; M. Sukumar
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2016 v.83 pp. 385-395
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
Prosopis; X-ray diffraction; amylopectin; amylose; biofilm; biopolymers; cellulose; cleaning; correlation; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; industrial applications; mechanical properties; models; prediction; scanning electron microscopy; seeds; tamarinds; thermal stability; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Starch from Tamarind seed is considered to be a nonedible and inexpensive component, with many industrial applications. Extraction and characterization of tamarind seed starch was carried out for the synthesis of biopolymer. Tamarind seeds were collected, cleaned and further roasted, decorticated, and pulverized to get starch powder. Total starch content present in each tamarind seed is estimated ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.037

64. Production of nano bacterial cellulose from beverage industrial waste of citrus peel and pomace using Komagataeibacter xylinus

Author:
Xin Fan; Yue Gao; Wanying He; Hao Hu; Ming Tian; Kexing Wang; Siyi Pan
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2016 v.151 pp. 1068-1072
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; beverages; cellulose; citrus peels; color; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; industrial wastes; medicine; pomace; scanning electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a high-purity and robust cellulose that is utilised in medicine, consumer goods, and industrial practices. The present study aimed to investigate the suitability of beverage industrial waste for the production of BC by Komagataeibacter xylinus CICC No. 10529 and to study the structural properties of BC films in both citrus peel and pomace enzymolysis (CPPE) and Hestrin- ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.062

65. Promising hydrazinium 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one and its analogs

Author:
Man Zhang; Chuan Li; Huiqi Gao; Wei Fu; Yingying Li; Liwei Tang; Zhiming Zhou
Source:
Journal of materials science 2016 v.51 no.24 pp. 10849-10862
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; acidity; aluminum; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; guanidinium; infrared spectroscopy; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; salts; scanning electron microscopy; temperature; trinitrotoluene
Abstract:
... Twelve salts of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) (ammonium, hydrazinium, guanidinium, aminoguanidinium, diaminoguanidinium, triaminoguanidinium, N-carbamoylguanidinium, semicarbazidium, 1,5-diamino-1,2,4-tetrazolium, 3,4,5- triamino-1,2,4-triazolium, 3,6,7-triamino-7H-[1, 2, 4]triazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-2- ium, and 4,4′,5,5′-tetraamino-3,3′-bi-1,2,4-triazolium) were synthesized. The new salts ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-016-0296-7

66. Recrystallization and in vitro digestibility of wrinkled pea starch gel by temperature cycling

Author:
Miaomiao Shi; Qunyu Gao
Source:
Food hydrocolloids 2016 v.61 pp. 712-719
ISSN:
0268-005X
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; enzymatic hydrolysis; equations; gelatinization; gelatinization temperature; gels; hydrocolloids; in vitro digestibility; peas; starch; storage temperature; storage time
Abstract:
... The effect of storage temperature on recrystallization and in vitro digestibility of wrinkled pea starch gel was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the Avrami equation, X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), and enzymatic hydrolysis to understand the relationship between them. DSC results demonstrated that compared with the native pea starch, all the recrystallized starches under ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.06.033

67. Retrogradation property of starch nanoparticles prepared by pullulanase and recrystallization

Author:
Min Gong; Xiaojing Li; Liu Xiong; Qingjie Sun
Source:
Stärke = 2016 v.68 no.3-4 pp. 230-238
ISSN:
0038-9056
Subject:
Panicum miliaceum subsp. miliaceum; X-ray diffraction; amylose; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; enthalpy; nanoparticles; pullulanase; retrogradation; single nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract:
... Retrogradation behavior of starch nanoparticles (SNPs) prepared by the recrystallization of short‐chain amylose (SCA) debranched from amylopectin‐rich waxy proso millet starch was investigated. In differential scanning calorimetry thermograms, the SCA: water ratio of 1:2 (w/w) led to a remarkable increase in enthalpy at 4 or 25°C compared with that corresponding to the ratios of 1:1 and 1:5, indic ...
DOI:
10.1002/star.201500115

68. Self-assembly of well-defined fatty acid based amphiphilic thermoresponsive random copolymers

Author:
Binoy Maiti; Sankar Maiti; Priyadarsi De
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.23 pp. 19322-19330
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; aqueous solutions; composite polymers; crystal structure; cytotoxicity; differential scanning calorimetry; fatty acid composition; fluorescence emission spectroscopy; hydrophobicity; light scattering; methyl ethers; micelles; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; phase transition; polyethylene glycol; polymerization; scanning electron microscopy; stearic acid; temperature; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... A series of amphiphilic random copolymers, consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl stearate (SAMA), were synthesized via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The compositions of SAMA and PEGMA in the copolymers were determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectroscopy, and these were furt ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra00336b

69. Shear-induced orientation of functional graphene oxide sheets in isotactic polypropylene

Author:
Lin Gan; Feng Qiu; Yong-Bo Hao; Kai Zhang; Zheng-Yong Zhou; Jian-Bing Zeng; Ming Wang
Source:
Journal of materials science 2016 v.51 no.11 pp. 5185-5195
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; crystal structure; crystallites; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; extrusion; graphene oxide; nanocomposites; permeability; polypropylenes; tensile strength; thermal stability; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... A shear-induced orientation extrusion technology was proposed to prepare high orientated functional graphene oxide sheets (FGs)/isotactic polypropylene (iPP) nanocomposites. Scanning electrical microscope and two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray diffraction techniques showed that FGs in iPP matrix were fully exfoliated, uniformly dispersed, and highly oriented along the flow direction. The crystalliza ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-016-9820-z

70. Silymarin nanoparticles through emulsion solvent evaporation method for oral delivery with high antioxidant activities, bioavailability, and absorption in the liver

Author:
Xiuhua Zhao; Yiping Deng; Ying Zhang; Yuangang Zu; Bolin Lian; Mingfang Wu; Chang Zu; Weiwei Wu
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.95 pp. 93137-93146
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; antioxidant activity; bioavailability; chloroform; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; ethanol; evaporation; freeze drying; gastric juice; intestines; liver; liver diseases; nanoemulsions; nanoparticles; particle size; scanning electron microscopy; silymarin; solubility; solvents; therapeutics; thermogravimetry; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Silymarin (SM), a well-known hepatoprotective drug, is widely used to treat liver disorders. However, its application was seriously restricted because of its poor aqueous solubility. In this study, silymarin nanoparticles (SMNs) were prepared through emulsion solvent evaporation and freeze-drying methods to improve their solubility. SM nanoemulsion was optimized through a single-factor experiment. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra12896c

71. Stability of spermine oxidase to thermal and chemical denaturation: comparison with bovine serum amine oxidase

Author:
Manuela Cervelli; Alessia Leonetti; Laura Cervoni; Shinji Ohkubo; Marla Xhani; Pasquale Stano; Rodolfo Federico; Fabio Polticelli; Paolo Mariottini; Enzo Agostinelli
Source:
Amino acids 2016 v.48 no.10 pp. 2283-2291
ISSN:
0939-4451
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; blood serum; cattle; crystal structure; cysteine; denaturation; differential scanning calorimetry; disulfide bonds; enzyme activity; fluorescence emission spectroscopy; gel electrophoresis; gels; hydrogen peroxide; mutants; spermidine; spermine; staining; thermal stability; yeasts
Abstract:
... Spermine oxidase (SMOX) is a flavin-containing enzyme that specifically oxidizes spermine to produce spermidine, 3-aminopropanaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide. While no crystal structure is available for any mammalian SMOX, X-ray crystallography showed that the yeast Fms1 polyamine oxidase has a dimeric structure. Based on this scenario, we have investigated the quaternary structure of the SMOX prot ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00726-016-2273-5

72. Structural characterization of complexes prepared with glycerol monoestearate and maize starches with different amylose contents

Author:
M.C. Garcia; M.A. Pereira-da-Silva; S. Taboga; C.M.L. Franco
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2016 v.148 pp. 371-379
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; amylose; atomic force microscopy; corn starch; crystal structure; crystals; differential scanning calorimetry; dissociation; emulsifiers; glycerol; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy; waxy corn
Abstract:
... Morphology and different structural features of V-amylose complexes prepared with different concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%) of glycerol monostearate (GMS) and normal maize (NMS), waxy maize (WMS), and high amylose maize (HAMS) starches were evaluated using X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.04.067

73. Structural, thermal and rheological characterization of modified Dalbergia sissoo gum—A medicinal gum

Author:
Hira Munir; Muhammad Shahid; Fozia Anjum; Deepak Mudgil
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2016 v.84 pp. 236-245
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
Dalbergia sissoo; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; barium; beta-mannosidase; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; ethanol; food industry; hydrolysis; polyacrylamide; scanning electron microscopy; thermogravimetry; transmittance; viscosity
Abstract:
... Dalbergia sissoo gum was purified by ethanol precipitation. The purified gum was modified and hydrolyzed. Gum was modified by performing polyacrylamide grafting and carboxymethylation methods. The hydrolysis was carried out by using mannanase, barium hydroxide and trifluoroacetic acid. The modified and hydrolyzed gums were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.001

74. Studies on the synthesis and properties of 1,1,1-trinitroprop-2-yl urea, carbamate and nitrocarbamate

Author:
Quirin J. Axthammer; Thomas M. Klapötke; Burkhard Krumm
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2016 v.71 no.7 pp. 811-820
ISSN:
1865-7117
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; acetaldehyde; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; friction; mass spectrometry; moieties; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; oxidants; stable isotopes; sulfuric acid; temperature; thermal stability; urea
Abstract:
... Potential high energetic dense oxidizers with the 1,1,1-trinitropropan-2-yl moiety are described in this study. The urea, N,N′-bis(1,1,1-trinitropropan-2-yl)urea (1), is synthesized by the reaction of urea with acetaldehyde and trinitromethane. The reaction of 1,1,1-trinitropropan-2-ol (2) with the reagent chlorosulfonyl isocyanate results in the formation of 1,1,1-trinitroprop-2-yl carbamate (3). ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2016-0022

75. Synthesis and thermal properties of cross-linked poly(acrylonitrile-co-itaconate)/polyethylene glycol as novel form-stable change material

Author:
Siyang Mu; Jing Guo; Yue Yu; Qingda An; Sen Zhang; Di Wang; Shuang Chen; Xuelin Huang; Shenglin Li
Source:
Energy conversion and management 2016 v.110 pp. 176-183
ISSN:
0196-8904
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; crosslinking; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; durability; energy; enthalpy; heat; light microscopy; phase transition; scanning electron microscopes; scanning electron microscopy; temperature; thermal conductivity; thermal stability; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... In this paper, a novel form-stable phase change materials (FSPCMs) of cross-linked poly(acrylonitrile-co-itaconate) (P(AN-co-IA))/polyethylene glycol (PEG) blend was prepared successfully. And it was systematically characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM), Scanning electron micro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enconman.2015.12.004

76. Synthesis, Aggregation-Induced Emission, and Liquid Crystalline Structure of Tetraphenylethylene–Surfactant Complex via Ionic Self-Assembly

Author:
Jing Hui; Lu Lin; Feng Yakai; Zheng Jun-Feng; Deng Liandong; Chen Er-Qiang; Ren Xiang-Kui
Source:
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2016 v.120 no.48 pp. 27577-27586
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; ambient temperature; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; heat; light microscopy; liquids; photoluminescence; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... A novel tetraphenylethylene material with liquid crystalline (LC) helical structure and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property was prepared by ionic self-assembly (ISA). The AIE activity, phase behavior, self-assembly structure, and molecular packing behavior of the complex were then elucidated via a combination of different experimental techniques such as UV–vis absorption spectra, photolumi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b09901

77. Synthesis, crystal structure and properties of a new 1D polymeric nitrogen-rich energetic complex {TAG[Li(BTO)(H₂O)]}ₙ based on 1H,1′H-5,5′-bitetrazole-1,1′-diolate

Author:
Zhi-Bin Zhang; Cai-Xia Xu; Lei Yin; Zhen Wang; Xin Yin; Jian-Guo Zhang
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.77 pp. 73551-73559
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; activation energy; cations; combustion; coordination polymers; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; differential thermal analysis; enthalpy; friction; heat; hydrochloric acid; infrared spectroscopy; ligands; lithium; nitrogen content; oxygen; temperature; thermal degradation; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... A novel energetic coordination polymer, or a new anionic metal–organic framework (MOF), of {TAG[Li(BTO)(H₂O)]}ₙ based on 1H,1′H-5,5′-bitetrazole-1,1′-diolate (BTO), was developed based on the reaction of BTO with triaminoguanidinium chloride (TAG·HCl) and lithium hydroxide (LiOH), and characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X- ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra12649a

78. Synthesis, structure and properties of neutral energetic materials based on N-functionalization of 3,6-dinitropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazole

Author:
Yanan Li; Yuanjie Shu; Bozhou Wang; Shengyong Zhang; Lianjie Zhai
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.88 pp. 84760-84768
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; carbon; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; energy density; equations; hydrogen bonding; infrared spectroscopy; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; stable isotopes; trinitrotoluene
Abstract:
... 3,6-Dinitropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyrazole (DNPP, 4) was prepared using an efficient modification process. Various neutral energetic derivatives of DNPP were synthesized from N-functionalization of imide (NH) group. All compounds were fully characterized by ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The crysta ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra19556c

79. Ternary hybrid (SPEEK/SPVdF-HFP/GO) based membrane electrolyte for the applications of fuel cells: profile of improved mechanical strength, thermal stability and proton conductivity

Author:
Mohanraj Vinothkannan; Ae Rhan Kim; Kee Suk Nahm; Dong Jin Yoo
Source:
RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.110 pp. 108851-108863
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; atomic force microscopy; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; electrolytes; fuel cells; graphene oxide; hydrogen; hydrogen bonding; instrumentation; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; permeability; polymers; roughness; scanning electron microscopy; strength (mechanics); temperature; thermal stability; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Ternary hybrid membranes composed of sulfonated (poly ether ether ketone) (SPEEK), sulfonated polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (SPVdF-HFP) and 1, 3, 5 or 7 wt% graphene oxide (GO) were fabricated using a facile solution casting method. The reinforcement due to the existence of SPVdF-HFP and GO afforded good mechanical and thermal stabilities to the hybrid membranes, which was confirm ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ra22295a

80. The effect of cellulose nanofibers on the crystallinity and nanostructure of poly(lactic acid) composites

Author:
Adriana Nicoleta Frone; Denis Mihaela Panaitescu; Ioana Chiulan; Cristian Andi Nicolae; Zina Vuluga; Catalin Vitelaru; Celina Maria Damian
Source:
Journal of materials science 2016 v.51 no.21 pp. 9771-9791
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; annealing; atomic force microscopy; biodegradability; cellulose; crystal structure; crystallization; crystals; differential scanning calorimetry; food packaging; hardness; heat tolerance; melting; nanofibers; polylactic acid; scanning electron microscopy; strength (mechanics)
Abstract:
... Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a semi-crystalline polymer with good transparency, mechanical strength, and melt processability. However, the use of PLA in applications like food packaging is limited by its low heat resistance and slow crystallization rate. The addition of cellulose nanofibers can be an efficient solution to enhance PLA crystallinity and stiffness, maintaining the transparency and biod ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-016-0212-1

81. The improvement of the shape memory function of poly(ε-caprolactone)/nano-crystalline cellulose nanocomposites via recrystallization under a high-pressure environment

Author:
Wenxi Wang; Dian Liu; Liuxuan Lu; Hongmei Chen; Tao Gong; Jun Lv; Shaobing Zhou
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2016 v.4 no.16 pp. 5984-5992
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; cellulose; crosslinking; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; melting point; nanocomposites; polymers; scanning electron microscopy; temperature
Abstract:
... The influence of extreme conditions such as high pressure and high temperature on shape memory function of polymers has received little attention. In this study, the shape memory properties of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-based nanocomposites with nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) as fillers are investigated via recrystallization at a high temperature under a high-pressure environment. The sizes of s ...
DOI:
10.1039/c6ta00930a

82. The new barium compound Ba4Al7+x: formation and crystal structure

Author:
Yurii Prots; Felix Lange; Christina Drathen; Marcus Schmidt; Yuri Grin
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 2016 v.71 no.5 pp. 611-619
ISSN:
1865-7117
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; aluminum; barium; cations; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; models; slabs; temperature
Abstract:
... Combining laboratory X-ray powder diffraction with in-situ high-temperature synchrotron experiments and differential scanning calorimetry, it has been shown that Ba₂₁Al₄₀, Ba₃Al₅, Ba₇Al₁₀ and Ba₄Al₅ decompose peritectically at 914, 826, 756, and 732°C, respectively. In addition, a new binary compound with the composition Ba₄Al₇₊ₓ (x = 0.17) and the formation temperature of 841°C was found. The ini ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2016-0051

83. Thermal, spectroscopic and in vitro biological studies of the lanthanum complex of naproxen

Author:
D.A. Gálico; T.F.C. Fraga-Silva; J. Venturini; G. Bannach
Source:
Thermochimica acta 2016 v.644 pp. 43-49
ISSN:
0040-6031
Subject:
thermogravimetry; metabolites; X-radiation; crystal structure; hydrogen peroxide; differential scanning calorimetry; thermal degradation; spectroscopy; interleukin-8; lanthanum; cytotoxicity; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; temperature; interleukin-1beta; thermal properties; chemical composition; X-ray diffraction; ligands; stoichiometry; titration
Abstract:
... Solid-state [La(Nap)3(H2O)], in which Nap is naproxen have been synthesized. Thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD), elemental analysis, complexometric titration, middle (MIR) and near (NIR) infrared region spectroscopy were used to characterize this compound and confirm the proposed stoichiometry. The ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tca.2016.10.007

84. Understanding the Limitations of the Solvent-Free Enzymatic Synthesis of Sorbitol-Containing Polyesters

Author:
Gustini Liliana; Finzel Lasse; Lavilla Cristina; Noordover Bart A. J.; Hendrix Marco M. R. M.; Gehrels Coen; Koning Cor E.
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry 2016 v.4 no.4 pp. 2259-2268
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
Pseudozyma antarctica; X-ray diffraction; biocatalysts; carboxylic ester hydrolases; catalytic activity; condensation reactions; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; green chemistry; immobilized enzymes; melting; melting point; molecular weight; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; phosphorus; polyesters; sorbitol; stable isotopes
Abstract:
... Enzymatic catalysis is an attractive approach toward the synthesis of sustainable polyesters, which also provides advantages in terms of selectivity compared to conventional methods. Furthermore, the use of immobilized enzymes allows for solvent-free, ecofriendly polycondensation routes, but also leads to some limitations in terms of applicability to certain systems. A systematic study has been pe ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b01738

85. Understanding the structural features of high-amylose maize starch through hydrothermal treatment

Author:
Jianing Yang; Fengwei Xie; Wenqiang Wen; Ling Chen; Xiaoqin Shang; Peng Liu
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2016 v.84 pp. 268-274
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
X-radiation; X-ray diffraction; amylopectin; amylose; boiling; confocal laser scanning microscopy; corn starch; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; energy; gelatinization; granules; growth rings; hot water treatment; hydrolysis; scanning electron microscopy; temperature
Abstract:
... In this study, high-amylose starches were hydrothermally-treated and the structural changes were monitored with time (up to 12h) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). When high-amylose starches were treated in boiling water, half-shell-like granu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.033

86. YCuTe₂: a member of a new class of thermoelectric materials with CuTe₄-based layered structure

Author:
Umut Aydemir; Jan-Hendrik Pöhls; Hong Zhu; Geoffroy Hautier; Saurabh Bajaj; Zachary M. Gibbs; Wei Chen; Guodong Li; Saneyuki Ohno; Danny Broberg; Stephen Dongmin Kang; Mark Asta; Gerbrand Ceder; Mary Anne White; Kristin Persson; Anubhav Jain; G. Jeffrey Snyder
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2016 v.4 no.7 pp. 2461-2472
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; copper; crystal structure; crystallization; differential scanning calorimetry; ions; temperature
Abstract:
... Intrinsically doped samples of YCuTe₂ were prepared by solid state reaction of the elements. Based on the differential scanning calorimetry and the high temperature X-ray diffraction analyses, YCuTe₂ exhibits a first order phase transition at ∼440 K from a low-temperature-phase crystallizing in the space group P3̄m1 to a high-temperature-phase in P3̄. Above the phase transition temperature, partia ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ta10330d