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... Induction of acquired resistance activates defense-related genes. Current study aimed to (a) initiate potato acquired resistance to the Early Blight disease caused by Alternaria solani through treating potato plants with low and repetitive doses of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), abscisic acid (AB), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and (b) test the success of the use of the chemical inducers ...
... Plant MAPK cascades have been implicated in various developmental processes and in response to stresses. MAPKKs, a convergent linking point between MAPKKKs and MAPKs, play pivotal roles in MAPK cascades to regulate various stress responses in plants. Few MAPKKs have been functionally characterized in Brachypodium distachyon, a new monocot model plant. In this study, we cloned and characterized a g ...
... Optimal response to drought is critical for plant survival and will affect biodiversity and crop performance during climate change. Mitotically heritable epigenetic or dynamic chromatin state changes have been implicated in the plant response to the drought stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA). The Arabidopsis SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling ATPase BRAHMA (BRM) modulates response to ABA by preventing p ...
... Abscisic acid (ABA) plays crucial roles in plant growth and development, as well as in response to various environmental stresses. To date, many regulatory genes involved in the ABA response network have been identified; however, their roles have remained to be fully elucidated. In this study, we identified AtYY1, an Arabidopsis homolog of the mammalian C2H2 zinc-finger transcription factor Yin Ya ...
... Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are hydrophilic proteins that accumulate to high concentrations during the late stages of seeds development, which are integral to desiccation tolerance. LEA proteins also play a protective role under other abiotic stresses. We analyzed in silico a maize protein predicted to be highly hydrophilic and intrinsically disordered. This prediction was experimen ...
Arabidopsis thaliana; Bryophyta; abscisic acid; biosynthesis; drought; gene overexpression; genes; methyl jasmonate; mosses and liverworts; phosphotransferases (kinases); phylogeny; plant growth; plasma membrane; proteins; salinity; salt stress; salt tolerance; signal transduction; stress tolerance; transgenic plants; Antarctic region
Abstract:
... Plant leucine-rich repeats receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) play key roles in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stresses. However, the functions of LRR-RLKs in bryophytes are still not well documented. Here, a putative LRR-RLK gene, PnLRR-RLK, was cloned and characterized from the Antarctic moss Pohlia nutans. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PnLRR-RLK protein was cluste ...
Oryza sativa; abscisic acid; biotic stress; gene overexpression; genes; inflorescences; leaf blade; membrane proteins; plasma membrane; proline; protoplasts; rice; roots; salt stress; salt tolerance; signal transduction; tissues; transgenic plants
Abstract:
... Plasma membrane proteins play critical roles in sensing and responding abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. In the present study, we characterized a previously unknown gene stress associated little protein 1 (SALP1) encoding a plasma membrane protein. SALP1, a small and plant-specific membrane protein, contains only 74 amino acid residues. SALP1 was constitutively expressed in various rice tissu ...
... Cystatins, or phytocystatins (PhyCys), comprise a family of plant-specific inhibitors of cysteine proteinases. They are thought to help regulate endogenous processes and protect plants against biotic or abiotic stresses, such as heat, salinity, cold, water deficit, chilling, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. We isolated and identified a novel cystatin gene from Malus prunifolia, MpCYS5. Its expre ...
... Few regulators for drought tolerance have been identified in Lablab purpureus which is a multipurpose leguminous crop. The transcription factor MYB is involved in regulatory networks in response to abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. A novel R2R3-MYB factor in L. purpureus has been identified. An suppression subtraction hybridization (SSH) library was constructed using root tissues of L. purpur ...
... The Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA insertion mutant glucose hypersensitive (ghs) 40-1 exhibited hypersensitivity to glucose (Glc) and abscisic acid (ABA). The ghs40-1 mutant displayed severely impaired cotyledon greening and expansion and showed enhanced reduction in hypocotyl elongation of dark-grown seedlings when grown in Glc concentrations higher than 3 %. The Glc-hypersensitivity of ghs40-1 was c ...
Daubentonia madagascariensis; Lorisidae; abscisic acid; animal behavior; animal health; blue light; color; computers; experimental design; guidelines; habitats; health behavior; hormones; human health; lighting; melatonin; models; pollution; red light; saliva; zoo animals
Abstract:
... Over evolutionary time, light from the sun, moon, and stars has provided organisms with reliable information about the passage of time; but modern artificial lighting has drastically altered these cues. Evidence is accumulating that exposure to light at night—particularly blue wavelengths—from computer screens, urban light pollution, or as an occupational hazard of night-shift work has major impli ...
... In plants, transcriptional regulation is the most important tool for modulating flavonoid biosynthesis. The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors are only one example how then flavonoid pathway is regulated. There are other transcription factors as well. In this study, the codon-optimized VvbHLH1 gene from grape was chemically synthesized. Overexpression of VvbHLH1 significantly increased t ...
... A simple and rapid screening method for amino acid dehydrogenase (e.g., leucine dehydrogenase, LDH) has been developed. It relies on a competitive relationship between a non-fluorescent Cu(II)–calcein complex and amino acid (e.g., l-2-aminobutyric acid, l-ABA). When ABA was introduced to a Cu(II)–calcein solution, it bound with the Cu(II) ions and this released calcein from the complex, which was ...
... A post-fire morel collected from Populus simonii stands in Mt. Qingling was identified as Morchella crassipes Mes-20 by using nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer phylogeny. It was inoculated into sweet corn to observe colonized roots in purified culture and in greenhouse experiments. The elongation and maturation zones of sweet corn were remarkably colonized at the cortex intercellul ...
... The recently developed CRISPR/Cas9 system is a promising technology for targeted genome editing in a variety of species including plants. However, the first generation systems were designed to target one or two gene loci at a time. We designed a new multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 system that allows the co-expression of six sgRNA modules in one binary vector using a simple (three steps) cloning strategy in ...
... Myo‐inositol‐1‐phosphate synthase (MIPS) is a key rate limiting enzyme in myo‐inositol biosynthesis. The MIPS gene has been shown to improve tolerance to abiotic stresses in several plant species. However, its role in resistance to biotic stresses has not been reported. In this study, we found that expression of the sweet potato IbMIPS1 gene was induced by NaCl, polyethylene glycol (PEG), abscisic ...
abiotic stress; abscisic acid; biosensors; energy transfer; enzymes; seed dormancy; space and time; stress tolerance; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... 38 I. 38 II. 39 III. 39 IV. 41 V. 41 VI. 41 VII. 42 42 References 42 SUMMARY: Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key phytohormone promoting abiotic stress tolerance as well as developmental processes such as seed dormancy. A spatiotemporal map of ABA concentrations would greatly advance our understanding of the cell type and timing of ABA action. Organ and tissue‐level ABA measurements, as well as indirect ...
... MAIN CONCLUSION : IbZFP1 , encoding a Cys ₂ /His ₂ zinc finger protein gene from sweetpotato, enhances salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis by regulating ABA signaling pathway, proline biosynthesis, stress responses and ROS scavenging. In plants, Cys₂/His₂ zinc finger proteins play important roles in regulating the growth and development or responses to abiotic stresses. In this st ...
... In genetic engineering, inducible promoters play an important role as the expression of genes driven by them can be turned on or off under situations like biotic or abiotic factors. There are few reports on inducible promoters that can be employed in the development of transgenic plants, particularly in sugarcane. In the present study, four wound inducible genes (Chitinase, PR1A, PR10 and HRGP) we ...
... In this research, through the analyzing of the Triticum aestivum salt-tolerant mutant gene expression profile, under salt stress. A brand new gene with unknown functions induced by salt was cloned. The cloned gene was named Triticum aestivum salt stress protein (TaSST). GenBank accession number of TaSST is ACH97119. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results exhibited that the expressio ...
... It has been reported that tungsten disulfide (WS2) can bind single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with high affinity while it has less affinity toward double stranded DNA (dsDNA). In this work, for the first time, the high affinity between WS2 and ssDNA was used to construct stable sensing interface for ATP detection. A DNA sequence with –SH at one end was first immobilized on Au electrode. WS2 nanosheets w ...
... Ragi bifunctional α-amylase-trypsin inhibitor (RBI) of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. (finger millet) simultaneously inhibits α-amylase and trypsin. In continuation of previous work on the cloning, expression and characterization of RBI, a bidirectional promoter from finger millet was explored on the basis of experimental observations. Two trypsin inhibitors were identified while purifying RBI fro ...
... Despite the paraquat-resistant mutants that have been reported in plants, this study identified a novel A. thaliana mutant (pqr2) from an XVE inducible activation library based on its resistance to 2 μM paraquat. The pqr2 mutant exhibited a termination mutation in the exon of AT1G31830/PAR1/PQR2, encoded a polyamine uptake transporter AtPUT2/PAR1/PQR2. The PQR2 mutation could largely reduce supero ...
Arabidopsis; abscisic acid; chloroplasts; crop production; cultivars; gene expression; hydrogen peroxide; mutants; oxidative stress; phenotype; pyruvic acid; salinity; salt stress; salt tolerance; signal transduction; sodium chloride; transportation; transporters; wheat
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: High salinity adversely affects crop production. Pyruvic acid is the precursor of abscisic acid (ABA) and other chemicals that are synthesized in chloroplast, some of which are involved in the response to salt. The transportation of pyruvic acid into chloroplast is mediated by pyruvate transporters. However, whether pyruvate transporters are involved in salt response has not been studi ...
... bZIP genes play important roles in the regulation of many developmental and physiological processes and adaptive responses to the environment in plants. In the present study, a novel bZIP gene, designated as BnbZIP3 (Genbank accession number: KP462877), was cloned from ramie plants based on the sequence of Unigene6582 fragment in ramie transcriptome using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) te ...
... BACKGROUND: Phytohormones play crucial roles in almost all stages of plant growth and development. Accurate and simultaneous determination of multiple phytohormones enabled us to better understand the physiological functions and the regulatory networks of phytohormones. However, simultaneous determination of multiple phytohormones in plant is still a challenge due to their low concentrations, stru ...
... KEY MESSAGE : The sunflower transcription factor HaWRKY10 stimulates reserves mobilization in Arabidopsis. Gene expression and enzymes activity assays indicated that lipolysis and gluconeogenesis were increased. Microarray results suggested a parallelism in sunflower. Germinating oilseeds converts stored lipids into sugars, and thereafter in metabolic energy that is used in seedling growth and est ...
... Plant vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporters (NHX) play a critical role in adaption to abiotic stresses by compartmentalizing Na+ into vacuoles from the cytosol. In this study, a vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter gene, named IbNHX2, was isolated and characterized from salt-tolerant sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) line ND98. IbNHX2 consisted of 542 amino acid residues with a conserved binding domain ‘FFIYLLP ...
... KEY MESSAGE : We found a histone variant enhances drought tolerance partially via promoting stomatal closure other than osmotic stress resistance, indicating the crucial and complicated contribution of epigenetic regulation to abiotic stress response. Histone variants epigenetically regulate gene transcription through remodeling chromatin. They have been implicated in modulating plant abiotic stre ...
... Criteria used for evaluating drought tolerance of wheat cultivars demanding more time and efforts are usually not efficient and conclusive. Present study was conducted to evaluate ABA sensitivity as a criterion for evaluating drought tolerance of wheat cultivars at an early stage. Ten cultivars of wheat were subjected to drought at 3-leaf stage to select the most sensitive and two tolerant cultiva ...
... Sustained abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in dehydrated citrus roots depends on the transport from aerial organs. Under this condition, the role of the β,β-carotenoids (ABA precursors) to the de novo synthesis of ABA in roots needs to be clarified since their low availability in this organ restricts its accumulation. To accomplish that, detached citrus roots were exposed to light (to increase the ...
... Grape quality for winemaking depends on sugar accumulation and metabolism in berries. Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs) have been reported to control sugar allocation in economically important crops, although the mechanisms involved are still unknown. The present study tested if ABA and gibberellin A₃ (GA₃) enhance carbon allocation in fruits of grapevines by modifying phloem loading, phl ...
... Accumulation of the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) induces many cellular mechanisms associated with drought resistance. Recent years have seen a rapid advance in our knowledge of how increased ABA levels are perceived by ABA receptors, particularly the PYL/RCAR receptors, but there has been relatively less new information about how ABA accumulation is controlled and matched to stress severity. ...
... The study analyzed caryopses of barley (Hordeum vulgare) cv. Stratus. Caryopses were germinated in darkness at 20°C in three experimental setups: (a) in distilled water for 24 hours, followed by 100 mM NaCl for another 24 hours (salinity stress, SS), (b) in 100 μM of abscisic acid for the first 24 hours, followed by rinsing with distilled water to remove residual ABA, and in 100 mM NaCl for anothe ...
... To elucidate the contribution of CRL3–ABA-mediated responses, we attempted to find CRL3 substrate receptors involved in ABA signaling. One gene named ABA-HYPERSENSITIVE BTB/POZ PROTEIN 1 (AHT1) was upregulated more than 2.5 times by ABA, and its coding region possessed a BTB/POZ domain, which is the common feature of CRL3 substrate receptors. Loss of AHT1 led to retardation of the germination proc ...
... BACKGROUND: ABA-mediated processes are involved in plant responses to water deficit, especially the control of stomatal opening. However in grapevine it is not known if these processes participate in the phenotypic variation in drought adaptation existing between genotypes. To elucidate this question, the response to short-term water-deficit was analysed in roots and shoots of nine Vitis genotypes ...
... During germination, endogenous and environmental factors trigger changes in the transcriptome, translatome and proteome to break dormancy. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) degrades proteins that promote dormancy to allow germination. While research on the UPS has focused on the identification of proteasomal substrates, little information is known about the regulation ...
... Chlorophyll (Chl) degradation is an integral process of leaf senescence, and NYE1/SGR1 has been demonstrated as a key regulator of Chl catabolism in diverse plant species. In this study, using yeast one-hybrid screening, we identified three abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive element (ABRE)-binding transcription factors, ABF2 (AREB1), ABF3, and ABF4 (AREB2), as the putative binding proteins of the NYE1 ...
... Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones which antagonistically mediate numerous physiological processes, and their optimal balance is essential for normal plant development. However, the molecular mechanism underlying ABA and GA antagonism still needs to be determined. Here, we report that ABA‐INSENSITIVE 4 (ABI4) is a central factor in GA/ABA homeostasis and antagonism in po ...
... The higher content of salt in soil is the key constraint to crop productivity. Induction of stress ethylene production from 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) in the plant system is one of the consequences of salt stress responsible for toxicity to the plant. Several transgenic plants have been developed by expressing the ACC deaminase bacterial gene as a stress management strategy which apar ...
... Plant development relies on the capacity of cells to interpret positional information and translate it into proliferation, elongation, and differentiation programs. ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM 1 (AMP1) encodes a putative glutamate carboxypeptidase involved in embryo development, plant growth, and phytohormone homeostasis. Here, we show that mutations of AMP1 cause defective seed coat formation, which ...
Brassica napus; abscisic acid; carbon dioxide; chlorophyll; drought; drought tolerance; electron transfer; fluorescence; gas exchange; genotype; grana; leaf area; leaf water potential; leaves; ligands; lipid peroxidation; oxidative stress; photosystem II; phytomass; plant growth; roots; shoots; starch granules; stomatal conductance; sugars; thylakoids; transmission electron microscopes; water content; water stress; water use efficiency
Abstract:
... Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important signaling molecule for plants under drought tolerance. However, ABA itself has many limitations to be used in agriculture practically. Recently, AM1 (ABA-mimicking ligand) has been found to replace ABA. In this study, we have investigated AM1’s potential role for drought tolerance by growing two contrasting rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes: Qinyou 8 (droug ...
Christelle Dutilleul; Iliana Ribeiro; Nathalie Blanc; Cynthia D. Nezames; Xing Wang Deng; Piotr Zglobicki; Ana María Palacio Barrera; Lucia Atehortùa; Martine Courtois; Valérie Labas; Nathalie Giglioli‐Guivarc'h; Eric Ducos
Arabidopsis; DNA damage; DNA-binding proteins; abscisic acid; alkynes; biotin; cell culture; chemistry; chromatography; genes; geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase; guanosinetriphosphatase; mammals; mass spectrometry; mutants; phenotype; protoplasts; root growth; salt stress; seed germination
Abstract:
... The tagging‐via‐substrate approach designed for the capture of mammal prenylated proteins was adapted to Arabidopsis cell culture. In this way, proteins are in vivo tagged with an azide‐modified farnesyl moiety and captured thanks to biotin alkyne Click‐iT® chemistry with further streptavidin‐affinity chromatography. Mass spectrometry analyses identified four small GTPases and ASG2 (ALTERED SEED G ...
... Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) conjugation is a part of mechanism regulating free auxin concentration. 1-O-(indole-3-acetyl)-β-d-glucose: myo-inositol indoleacetyl transferase (IAInos synthase) is an enzyme involved in IAA-ester conjugates biosynthesis. Biotic and abiotic stress conditions can modulate auxin conjugates formation in plants. In this study, we investigated effect of plant hormones (IAA, ...
Rajagopalan Nandhakishore; Nelson Ken M.; Douglas Amy F.; Jheengut Vishal; Alarcon Idralyn Q.; McKenna Sean A.; Surpin Marci; Loewen Michele C.; Abrams Suzanne R.
... The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays many important roles in controlling plant development and physiology, from flowering to senescence. ABA is now known to exert its effects through a family of soluble ABA receptors, which in Arabidopsis thaliana has 13 members divided into three clades. Homologues of these receptors are present in other plants, also in relatively large numbers. Investigat ...
... Increasing evidence has revealed that abscisic acid (ABA) negatively modulates ethylene biosynthesis, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To identify the factors involved, we conducted a screen for ABA-insensitive mutants with altered ethylene production in Arabidopsis. A dominant allele of ABI4, abi4-152, which produces a putative protein with a 16-amino-acid truncation at the C-te ...
Vitis vinifera; abscisic acid; biochemical pathways; evapotranspiration; fruit set; glucose; grapes; high performance liquid chromatography; irrigation management; leaves; mass spectrometry; metabolites; oxidation; phaseic acid; small fruits; vines; vineyards; water stress; wine cultivars; Ontario
Abstract:
... The biosynthetic pathway of abscisic acid (ABA) is well known. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among various ABA catabolites in leaves and berries of Chardonnay grapevines grown under various irrigation regimes. An irrigation trial was set up in one vineyard, located in Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON, Canada, consisting of seven treatments: control (non-irrigated), plus three wa ...
... The effects of exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA) on anti-oxidant enzyme activities and photosynthetic capacity in ‘Sultana’ grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) were investigated under cold stress. When vines had an average of 15 leaves, 0 (control), 50, 100, or 200 µM ABA was sprayed to run-off on all leaves of each plant. Twenty-four hours after foliar spraying with ABA, half (n = 5) of the ...
... The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cellulase in endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation during lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination. The application of abscisic acid (ABA) or ethephon inhibits or promotes germination, respectively, by affecting endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation. Cellulase activities, and related protein and transcript abundances of ...
Rubus idaeus; abscisic acid; agonists; antioxidants; ascorbic acid; carotenes; fruit quality; fruit set; fruits; oxidation; protein content; raspberries; ripening; stress response; vitamin E
Abstract:
... Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant growth regulator with roles in senescence, fruit ripening and environmental stress responses. ABA and pyrabactin (a non-photosensitive ABA agonist) effects on red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) fruit development (including ripening) were studied, with a focus on vitamin and antioxidant composition. Application of ABA and/or pyrabactin just after fruit set did not affect ...