Publication Year: 2016 / Subject: carbohydrates

1. Evaluation of suitability of substituting wheat flour with sweet potato and tiger nut flours in bread making

Author:: Ezeocha, Chinelo V.; Onwuneme, Nnenna A.
Source:: Open Agriculture 2016 v.1 no.1
ISSN:: 2391-9531
Subject:: Cyperus esculentus; breadmaking; breadmaking quality; breads; carbohydrates; crude fiber; loaves; nutritive value; palatability; protein content; sensory properties; sweet potatoes; taste; water binding capacity; wheat flour
Abstract:: ... The study was carried out to assess the nutritional quality and palatability of bread after partially substituting wheat flour (WF) with sweet potato (SF) and tiger nut (TF) flours. Sweet potato (yellow fleshed) and tiger nut flours were used to substitute wheat flour at 5, 10, 15 and 20% level each. The bread quality of each of these composite flours evaluated on the basis of their nutritional qu ...
DOI:: 10.1515/opag-2016-0022
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2016-0022

2. Hydrolysis of Dicaffeoylquinic Acids from Ilex kudingcha Happens in the Colon by Intestinal Microbiota

Author:: Xie, Minhao; Chen, Guijie; Hu, Bing; Zhou, Li; Ou, Shiyi; Zeng, Xiaoxiong; Sun, Yi
Source:: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2016 v.64 no.51 pp. 9624-9630
ISSN:: 1520-5118
Subject:: Ilex kaushue; caffeic acid; carbohydrates; chemical structure; colon; culture media; digestion; esterases; fermentation; human cell lines; humans; hydrolysis; intestinal microorganisms; microvilli; models; mouth; pancreatin; saliva; slurries; small intestine; stomach
Abstract:: ... Monocaffeoylquinic acids (mono-CQAs) can be hydrolyzed or metabolized by pancreatin, intestinal brush border esterase, and microbiota in the colon. Data about the conversion of dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs) in digestion are scarce. The diCQA-rich fraction including 3,4-, 3,5-, and 4,5-diCQAs was prepared from Ilex kudingcha, and the conversion in simulated gastricintestine was investigated. Arti ...
DOI:: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04710
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Facs.jafc.6b04710

3. Intake of n-3 fatty acids and long-term outcome in renal transplant recipients: a post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study

Author:: Pranger, Ilse G.; Gruppen, Eke G.; van den Berg, Else; Soedamah-Muthu, Sabita S.; Navis, Gerjan; Gans, Rijk O. B.; Muskiet, Frits A. J.; Kema, Ido P.; Joosten, Michel M.; Bakker, Stephan J. L.
Source:: The British journal of nutrition 2016 v.116 no.12 pp. 2066-2073
ISSN:: 1475-2662
Subject:: alpha-linolenic acid; body mass index; carbohydrates; cohort studies; kidney transplant; mortality; nutrition risk assessment; omega-3 fatty acids; proteinuria
Abstract:: ... Supplementation with n-3 fatty acids may improve long-term outcomes of renal transplant recipients (RTR). Recent evidence suggests that EPA and DHA have different outcomes compared with α-linolenic acid (ALA). We examined the prospective associations of EPA–DHA and ALA intakes with graft failure and all-cause mortality in 637 RTR. During 3·1 years (interquartile range 2·7, 3·8) of follow-up, forty ...
DOI:: 10.1017/S0007114516004207
PubMed:: 27993180
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114516004207

4. Isoxazolidine: A Privileged Scaffold for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry

Author:: Berthet, Mathéo; Cheviet, Thomas; Dujardin, Gilles; Parrot, Isabelle; Martinez, Jean
Source:: Chemical Reviews 2016 v.116 no.24 pp. 15235-15283
ISSN:: 1520-6890
Subject:: Lewis acids; amino acids; bioactive compounds; bioactive properties; carbohydrates; cycloaddition reactions; hydroxylamine; nucleosides
Abstract:: ... The isoxazolidine ring represents one of the privileged structures in medicinal chemistry, and there have been an increasing number of studies on isoxazolidine and isoxazolidine-containing compounds. Optimization of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (1,3-DC), original methods including electrophilic or palladium-mediated cyclization of unsaturated hydroxylamine, has been developed to obtain isoxazolid ...
DOI:: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00543
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Facs.chemrev.6b00543

5. Alterations in Hemolymph Carbohydrate and Lipid Composition of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Induced by Parasitism and Venom of Pimpla turionellae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Author:: Kuleli, Sevcan; ER, Aylin; Uçkan, Fevzi
Source:: Annals of the Entomological Society of America 2016 v.110 no.2 pp. 221-226
ISSN:: 0013-8746
Subject:: Galleria mellonella; Pimpla turionellae; carbohydrates; cytotoxicity; dose response; endoparasitoids; hemolymph; insect larvae; lipid content; lipids; parasitism; pupae; venoms
Abstract:: ... Paralytic, cytotoxic, and cytolytic effects of Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) venom has previously been shown toward its natural host Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The effects of P. turionellae venom and parasitization on hemolymph carbohydrate and lipid levels of the host larvae and pupae were studied in the present study for a more complete understanding of ...
DOI:: 10.1093/aesa/saw076
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saw076

6. Cyantraniliprole at Sublethal Dosages Negatively Affects the Development, Reproduction, and Nutrient Utilization of Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Author:: Xu, Chunmei; Ding, Jinfeng; Zhao, Yunhe; Luo, Jian; Mu, Wei; Zhang, Zhengqun
Source:: Journal of economic entomology 2016 v.110 no.1 pp. 230-238
ISSN:: 0022-0493
Subject:: Ostrinia furnacalis; adults; artificial diets; bioassays; carbohydrates; cyantraniliprole; digestion; eggs; fecundity; females; ingestion; insect larvae; instars; larval development; lethal concentration 50; lipids; longevity; nutrient utilization; nutrients; oviposition; population dynamics; proteins; pupae; survival rate; toxicity
Abstract:: ... To better understand the application prospect of cyantraniliprole against the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, a diet-incorporation bioassay was adopted to determine the toxicity of cyantraniliprole against the fourth instar of O. furnacalis. Moreover, other experiments were conducted to examine effects of sublethal levels of cyantraniliprole on larval development, nutrient utilization, and ...
DOI:: 10.1093/jee/tow248
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/tow248

7. Fluorescent glycoprobes: a sweet addition for improved sensing

Author:: He, Xiao-Peng; Zang, Yi; James, Tony D.; Li, Jia; Chen, Guo-Rong; Xie, Juan
Source:: Chemical communications 2016 v.53 no.1 pp. 82-90
ISSN:: 1364-548X
Subject:: biocompatibility; carbohydrates; chemical compounds; chemical reactions; fluorescence; fluorescent dyes; image analysis; ions; precision medicine; tissues; toxicity; water solubility
Abstract:: ... The development of small-molecule fluorescent probes for the detection of ions and biomacromolecules and for cellular and in vivo imaging has been a very active research area. Nevertheless, many problems exist for traditional probes including their poor water solubility, toxicity and the inability to target specific tissues. Because of the enhanced water solubility, biocompatibility and targeting ...
DOI:: 10.1039/c6cc06875h
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc06875h

8. A comprehensive and comparative GC–MS metabolomics study of non-volatiles in Tanzanian grown mango, pineapple, jackfruit, baobab and tamarind fruits

Author:: Khakimov, Bekzod; Mongi, Richard J.; Sørensen, Klavs M.; Ndabikunze, Bernadette K.; Chove, Bernard E.; Engelsen, Søren Balling
Source:: Food chemistry 2016 v.213 pp. 691-699
ISSN:: 0308-8146
Subject:: Adansonia digitata; carbohydrates; cluster analysis; derivatization; fatty acids; fruit consumption; fruit quality; fruits; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; jackfruits; mangoes; metabolites; metabolome; metabolomics; phylogeny; pineapples; principal component analysis; tamarinds; Tanzania
Abstract:: ... Tropical fruits contribute significantly to the total fruit intake worldwide. However, their metabolomes have not yet been investigated comprehensively, as most previous studies revealed only volatile and bulk compositions. This study compares non-volatile metabolites of five fruits grown in Tanzania. A new methodology is developed for broad-spectrum GC–MS metabolomics in fruits using a new deriva ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.005
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.005

9. Energy reserves and cellular energy allocation studies: Should food supply be provided?

Author:: Gomes, Susana.I.L.; Soares, Amadeu M.V.M.; Amorim, Mónica J.B.
Source:: Geoderma 2016 v.284 pp. 51-56
ISSN:: 0016-7061
Subject:: Enchytraeus albidus; cadmium; carbohydrates; energy intake; exposure duration; food availability; food deprivation; lipids; protein synthesis; proteins; soil; toxicity
Abstract:: ... Energy budget studies offer important information in terms of organisms' fitness and this has become an increasingly common stress marker. The method is well developed but the issue of food supply (addition or not) during exposure is not consensual. Moreover, chemicals such as cadmium (Cd) are known to affect food uptake, e.g. via feeding inhibition, hence energy budget results could be because of ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.08.016
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.08.016

10. Molecular composition of soil organic matter with land-use change along a bi-continental mean annual temperature gradient

Author:: Pisani, Oliva; Haddix, Michelle L.; Conant, Richard T.; Paul, Eldor A.; Simpson, Myrna J.
Source:: The Science of the total environment 2016 v.573 pp. 470-480
ISSN:: 0048-9697
Subject:: biomarkers; carbohydrates; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; cutin; forests; grasslands; hydrolysis; land use change; lignin; lipids; mineral content; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; oxidation; pastures; phenols; soil aggregates; soil fertility; soil organic matter; solvents; suberin; sustainable agriculture; temperature; tillage; tropical soils; South America
Abstract:: ... Soil organic matter (SOM) is critical for maintaining soil fertility and long-term agricultural sustainability. The molecular composition of SOM is likely altered due to global climate and land-use change; but rarely are these two aspects studied in tandem. Here we used molecular-level techniques to examine SOM composition along a bi-continental (from North to South America) mean annual temperatur ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.154
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.154

11. Potassium silicate alleviates deleterious effects of salinity on two strawberry cultivars grown under soilless pot culture

Author:: Yaghubi, Khatere; Ghaderi, Nasser; Vafaee, Yavar; Javadi, Taimoor
Source:: Scientia horticulturae 2016 v.213 pp. 87-95
ISSN:: 0304-4238
Subject:: adverse effects; carbohydrates; chlorophyll; cultivars; fruit yield; hydrogen peroxide; leaf area; leaves; malondialdehyde; nutrient solutions; peroxidase; pot culture; proline; salinity; salt stress; salt tolerance; silicon; sodium chloride; strawberries; superoxide dismutase; vegetative growth; water content
Abstract:: ... We aimed to understand the impact of two potassium silicate (K2O3Si) levels (1000 and 1500ppm) on vegetative growth, physiological parameters and fruit yield of two strawberry cultivars under saline (50mM NaCl) and non-saline conditions during 2014 and 2015. Supplementary Si counteracted the negative effects of salinity on dry matter, leaf area, and root length and volume. Leaf relative water cont ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.scienta.2016.10.012
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.10.012

12. Demystifying carbohydrate allocation to storage in fruit trees

Author:: DeJong, T. M.
Source:: Acta horticulturae 2016 no.1130 pp. 329-334
ISSN:: 0567-7572
Subject:: carbohydrates; carbon; ecologists; growing season; metabolism; models; perennials; phloem; physiologists; tree growth; trees; xylem
Abstract:: ... In spite of the essential nature of long-term carbohydrate reserves for tree survival and productivity there has been confusion about how allocation of carbohydrates to storage reserves occurs in trees. The prevailing view has been that trees store carbohydrate reserves during times of “excess” photosynthate production (when current supply exceeds demands for growth and tissue metabolism) and depl ...
DOI:: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1130.49
: http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1130.49

13. Analysis of Metabolites in Stem Parasitic Plant Interactions: Interaction of <em>Cuscuta–Momordica</em> versus <em>Cassytha–Ipomoea</em>

Author:: Furuhashi, Takeshi; Nakamura, Takemichi; Iwase, Koji
Source:: Plants 2016 v.5 no.4
ISSN:: 2223-7747
Subject:: Cassytha; Cuscuta; carbohydrates; comparative study; energy; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; haustoria; high performance liquid chromatography; leaves; metabolites; parasitic plants; parasitism; polyols; roots; stems; steroids; ultra-performance liquid chromatography
Abstract:: ... Cuscuta and Cassytha are two well-known stem parasitic plant genera with reduced leaves and roots, inducing haustoria in their stems. Their similar appearance in the field has been recognized, but few comparative studies on their respective plant interactions are available. To compare their interactions, we conducted a metabolite analysis of both the Cassytha–Ipomoea and the Cuscuta–Momordica inte ...
DOI:: 10.3390/plants5040043
PubMed:: 27941603
PubMed Central:: PMC5198103
: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants5040043

14. Are enzymes sensitive to the multivalent effect? Emerging evidence with glycosidases

Author:: Matassini, Camilla; Parmeggiani, Camilla; Cardona, Francesca; Goti, Andrea
Source:: Tetrahedron letters 2016 v.57 pp. 5407-5415
ISSN:: 0040-4039
Subject:: active sites; carbohydrates; chemical reactions; glycosidases; lectins; organic compounds
Abstract:: ... The multivalent effect in glycosidase inhibition is rapidly emerging as a hot topic of the research. In the last five years, several iminosugar-based inhibitors showed remarkable multivalent effects towards specific glycosidases, thus demonstrating that the concept of multivalency goes far beyond the interaction among protein receptors, as lectins, and carbohydrates and can be involved also for en ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.10.080
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.10.080

15. α-Galactosides present in lupin flour affect several metabolic parameters in Wistar rats

Author:: Palacio, María I.; Weisstaub, Adriana R.; Zuleta, Ángela; Etcheverría, Analía I.; Manrique, Guillermo D.
Source:: Food & function 2016 v.7 no.12 pp. 4967-4975
ISSN:: 2042-650X
Subject:: Enterobacteriaceae; Lactobacillus; Lupinus albus; blood lipids; blood serum; body weight; calcium; carbohydrates; cholesterol; diet; fermentation; flour; growth and development; health effects assessments; health promotion; intestinal absorption; laboratory animals; males; pH; rats; short chain fatty acids; triacylglycerols; virulent strains
Abstract:: ... The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of α-galactosides present in a lupin diet on metabolic parameters in growing Wistar rats. Lupin (Lupinus albus) is a rich source of non-digestible carbohydrates called α-galactosides whose beneficial health effects have been widely reported. For our investigation, twenty male Wistar rats were fed with two different diets: control (C) and lupin flo ...
DOI:: 10.1039/c6fo01297c
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fo01297c

16. Pod Mildew on Soybeans Can Mitigate the Damage to the Seed Arising from Field Mold at Harvest Time

Author:: Liu, Jiang; Deng, Juncai; Zhang, Ke; Wu, Haijun; Yang, Caiqiong; Zhang, Xiaowen; Du, Junbo; Shu, Kai; Yang, Wenyu
Source:: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2016 v.64 no.48 pp. 9135-9142
ISSN:: 1520-5118
Subject:: antibiotics; carbohydrates; chemical composition; cluster analysis; fatty acids; genotype; glycitein; harvest date; isoflavones; mildews; pathogens; pests; pods; proteins; regression analysis; soybeans
Abstract:: ... Seedpods are the outermost barrier of legume plants encountered by pests and pathogens, but research on this tissue, especially regarding their chemical constituents, is limited. In the present study, a mildew-index-model-based cluster analysis was used to evaluate and identify groups of soybean genotypes with different organ-specific resistance against field mold. The constituents of soybean pods ...
DOI:: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03561
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Facs.jafc.6b03561

17. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Requires a Phosphate Transceptor in the Gigaspora margarita Fungal Symbiont

Author:: Xie, Xianan; Lin, Hui; Peng, Xiaowei; Xu, Congrui; Sun, Zhongfeng; Jiang, Kexin; Huang, Antian; Wu, Xiaohui; Tang, Nianwu; Salvioli, Alessandra; Bonfante, Paola; Zhao, Bin
Source:: Molecular plant 2016 v.9 no.12 pp. 1583-1608
ISSN:: 1674-2052
Subject:: Gigaspora margarita; cAMP-dependent protein kinase; carbohydrates; cysteine; gene silencing; hyphae; mycorrhizal fungi; phosphates; signal transduction; soil; symbionts; transporters; vascular plants; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; yeasts
Abstract:: ... The majority of terrestrial vascular plants are capable of forming mutualistic associations with obligate biotrophic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi from the phylum Glomeromycota. This mutualistic symbiosis provides carbohydrates to the fungus, and reciprocally improves plant phosphate uptake. AM fungal transporters can acquire phosphate from the soil through the hyphal networks. Nevertheless, t ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.08.011
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2016.08.011

18. Variation and Correlations among European and North American Orchardgrass Germplasm for Herbage Yield and Nutritive Value

Author:: Robins, Joseph G.; Bushman, B. Shaun; Feuerstein, Ulf; Blaser, Greg
Source:: Agronomy 2016 v.6 no.4
ISSN:: 2073-4395
Subject:: Dactylis glomerata; European Union; Lolium perenne; USDA; agronomic traits; breeding programs; carbohydrates; cultivars; forage grasses; forage yield; genetic improvement; genotype-environment interaction; germplasm; new variety; nutritive value; water solubility; United States
Abstract:: ... Efforts to improve water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations are common in perennial forage grass breeding. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) breeding has been very successful in developing new cultivars with high WSC and high agronomic performance. Breeding efforts are ongoing to improve the WSC of other perennial forage grasses, such as orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata). The United State ...
DOI:: 10.3390/agronomy6040061
: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy6040061

19. Biochemical Changes in Nostoc linckia Associated with Selenium Nanoparticles Biosynthesis

Author:: Zinicovscaia, Inga; Rudi, Liudmila; Valuta, Ana; Cepoi, Liliana; Vergel, Konstantin; Frontasyeva, Marina V.; Safonov, Alexey; Wells, Markus; Grozdov, Dmitrii
Source:: Ecological Chemistry and Engineering 2016 v.23 no.4 pp. 559-569
ISSN:: 2084-4549
Subject:: Nostoc linckia; antioxidant activity; biomass; biosynthesis; biotechnology; carbohydrates; cobalt; ecosystem engineering; lipids; nanoparticles; neutron activation analysis; phycobilin; proteins; scanning electron microscopes; selenites; selenium
Abstract:: ... The cyanobacterium Nostoc linckia was used to study the biotechnology of selenium nanoparticles synthesis for the first time. The experimental conditions of the nanoparticle production by the studied cyanobacteria in aqueous cobalt selenite solutions were examined. Neutron activation analysis allowed characterization of the dynamics of accumulation of the total selenium quantity by Nostoc linckia. ...
DOI:: 10.1515/eces-2016-0039
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2016-0039

20. Comprehensive structure-selective characterization of dissolved organic matter by reducing molecular complexity and increasing analytical dimensions

Author:: Li, Yan; Harir, Mourad; Lucio, Marianna; Gonsior, Michael; Koch, Boris P.; Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe; Hertkorn, Norbert
Source:: Water research 2016 v.106 pp. 477-487
ISSN:: 0043-1354
Subject:: aromatic compounds; carbohydrates; carboxylic acids; chemical interactions; dissolved organic matter; ecosystem services; fluorescence; fluorescence emission spectroscopy; fractionation; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; mass spectrometry; methanol; molecular weight; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; rivers; solid phase extraction
Abstract:: ... Deciphering the molecular codes of dissolved organic matter (DOM) improves our understanding of its role in the global element cycles and its active involvement in ecosystem services. This study demonstrates comprehensive characterization of DOM by an initial polarity-based stepwise solid phase extraction (SPE) with single methanol elution of the cartridges, but separate collection of equal aliquo ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.10.034
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.10.034

21. Development of hyaline spheres in late auriculariae of sandfish, Holothuria scabra: Is it a reliable indicator of subsequent performance?

Author:: Duy, Nguyen Dinh Quang; Francis, David S.; Southgate, Paul C.
Source:: Aquaculture 2016 v.465 pp. 144-151
ISSN:: 0044-8486
Subject:: Bacillariophyceae; Holothuria scabra; Isochrysis; Pavlova; Thalassiosira; arachidonic acid; carbohydrates; diet; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; hatcheries; juveniles; larvae; microalgae; nutrient availability; nutrient content; omega-3 fatty acids
Abstract:: ... This study assessed the influence of diet composition on hyaline sphere (HS) development in auricularia larvae of the sandfish, Holothuria scabra, and the subsequent relationships between the presence and size of hyaline spheres and competency through settlement and early juvenile performance. Two-day old larvae were fed one of three commercially available micro-algae diets that varied in their nu ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.09.003
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.09.003

22. In situ quantitative 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy discriminates between raw and steam cooked potato strips based on their metabolites

Author:: Aisala, Heikki; Sinkkonen, Jari; Kalpio, Marika; Sandell, Mari; This, Hervé; Hopia, Anu
Source:: Talanta 2016 v.161 pp. 245-252
ISSN:: 0039-9140
Subject:: Solanum tuberosum; carbohydrates; derivatization; deuterium oxide; food matrix; fumaric acid; gamma-aminobutyric acid; heat treatment; metabolites; multivariate analysis; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; potatoes; steam; tubers
Abstract:: ... A direct quantitative proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy method was developed for the measurement of saccharides, organic acids and amino acids in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber filaments, a complex gel-like food matrix. The method requires minimal sample preparation. It is thus a faster alternative compared to liquid sample matrices, as well as an extension to methods analyzing o ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.08.056
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2016.08.056

23. Kinetics of thermophilic acidogenesis of typical Brazilian sugarcane vinasse

Author:: Koyama, Mirian Harumi; Araújo Júnior, Moacir Messias; Zaiat, Marcelo; Ferraz Júnior, Antônio Djalma Nunes
Source:: Energy 2016 v.116 pp. 1097-1103
ISSN:: 0360-5442
Subject:: anaerobic digestion; carbohydrates; hydrogen; hydrogen production; immobilized cells; input costs; pH; sugarcane; vinasse
Abstract:: ... The kinetics of the acidogenic phase during anaerobic digestion of sugarcane vinasse in differential reactors containing immobilized cells was investigated. The maximum substrate conversion rate (rmax), substrate saturation constant (Ks) and constant of inhibition by excess substrate (Kis) were determined using vinasse with and without pH adjustment. Simulation and scaling-up of a thermophilic-hyd ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.10.043
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.10.043

24. Subjective mood and energy levels of healthy weight and overweight/obese healthy adults on high-and low-glycemic load experimental diets

Author:: Breymeyer, Kara L.; Lampe, Johanna W.; McGregor, Bonnie A.; Neuhouser, Marian L.
Source:: Appetite 2016 v.107 pp. 253-259
ISSN:: 0195-6663
Subject:: adults; carbohydrates; energy; epidemiological studies; experimental diets; fat body; glycemic index; mental depression; models; obesity; questionnaires
Abstract:: ... Emerging evidence suggests a positive association of diet and obesity with depression. Researchers have examined several diet-mood hypotheses, including investigating the extent to which carbohydrates may impact mood. There is limited research on how glycemic load, a characteristic of carbohydrates, impacts mood in healthy adults. Eighty-two healthy weight and overweight/obese, but otherwise healt ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.008
PubMed:: 27507131
PubMed Central:: PMC5154680
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.008

25. A cost or a benefit? Counterintuitive effects of diet quality and cadmium in Lymnaea stagnalis

Author:: Reátegui-Zirena, Evelyn G.; Fidder, Bridgette N.; Salice, Christopher J.
Source:: Ecotoxicology 2016 v.25 no.10 pp. 1771-1781
ISSN:: 0963-9292
Subject:: Lymnaea stagnalis; cadmium; carbohydrates; diet; ecotoxicology; energy metabolism; freshwater; lettuce; lipids; nutrient content; nutritional adequacy; pellets; protein content; proteins; snails; toxicity testing
Abstract:: ... Diet quality can have a strong impact on organismal fitness although diet quality is infrequently considered as a factor in toxicity tests. The purpose of this study was to assess how diets differing in nutritional content affect sensitivity to Cd as measured by several sublethal responses related directly to bioenergetics. We evaluated feeding rate, growth rate, behavior and macronutrient content ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s10646-016-1720-0
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1720-0

26. Advances in understanding the mechanisms of mercury toxicity in wild golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) by 1H NMR-based metabolomics

Author:: Cappello, Tiziana; Pereira, Patrícia; Maisano, Maria; Mauceri, Angela; Pacheco, Mário; Fasulo, Salvatore
Source:: Environmental pollution 2016 v.219 pp. 139-148
ISSN:: 0269-7491
Subject:: Liza aurata; alanine; anaerobiosis; antioxidant activity; bioaccumulation; biomarkers; carbohydrates; chemometrics; creatine; environmental factors; estuaries; excretion; gills; glutathione; health status; hypoxia; lactic acid; liver; mercury; metabolites; metabolome; metabolomics; methylmercury compounds; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; nucleotides; protein metabolism; risk; taurine; toxicity; trophic levels; wild fish; Portugal
Abstract:: ... Mercury (Hg) is recognized as a dangerous contaminant due to its bioaccumulation and biomagnification within trophic levels, leading to serious health risks to aquatic biota. Therefore, there is an urgent need to unravel the mechanisms underlying the toxicity of Hg. To this aim, a metabolomics approach based on protonic nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), coupled with chemometrics, was performed ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.033
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.033

27. Apparent nutrient digestibility of two raw diets in domestic kittens

Author:: Hamper, Beth A; Kirk, Claudia A; Bartges, Joseph W
ISSN:: 1532-2750
Subject:: carbohydrates; cross-over studies; crude fat; crude fiber; crude protein; dietary protein; digestibility; digestible energy; digestible protein; energy; feces; heat treatment; ingredients; intestinal microorganisms; kittens; nutrient content; organic matter; proximate composition; raw meat; variance
Abstract:: ... The aim of the study was to evaluate overall dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fat and gross energy digestibility of a feline commercial raw diet and a homemade raw diet compared with a canned, heat-processed diet. Six domestic shorthair kittens (20–28 weeks old) were fed three different diets in a Latin square crossover design. Diet A was a commercially available, canned, heat-proc ...
DOI:: 10.1177/1098612X15605535
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612X15605535

28. A QTL on the short arm of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) chromosome 3B affects the stability of grain weight in plants exposed to a brief heat shock early in grain filling

Author:: Shirdelmoghanloo, Hamid; Taylor, Julian D.; Lohraseb, Iman; Rabie, Huwaida; Brien, Chris; Timmins, Andy; Martin, Peter; Mather, Diane E.; Emebiri, Livinus; Collins, Nicholas C.
Source:: BMC plant biology 2016 v.16 no.1 pp. 100
ISSN:: 1471-2229
Subject:: Triticum aestivum; alleles; breeding; carbohydrates; chlorophyll; doubled haploids; filling period; flowering; genetic markers; genotype; germplasm; growth chambers; heat; heat stress; heat tolerance; heat treatment; leaves; loci; photosynthesis; quantitative trait loci; single nucleotide polymorphism; weight loss; wheat
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Molecular markers and knowledge of traits associated with heat tolerance are likely to provide breeders with a more efficient means of selecting wheat varieties able to maintain grain size after heat waves during early grain filling. RESULTS: A population of 144 doubled haploids derived from a cross between the Australian wheat varieties Drysdale and Waagan was mapped using the wheat I ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12870-016-0784-6
PubMed:: 27101979
PubMed Central:: PMC4841048
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-016-0784-6

29. A single-CRD C-type lectin is important for bacterial clearance in the silkworm

Author:: Zhan, Ming-Yue; Shahzad, Toufeeq; Yang, Pei-Jin; Liu, Su; Yu, Xiao-Qiang; Rao, Xiang-Jun
Source:: Developmental and comparative immunology 2016 v.65 pp. 330-339
ISSN:: 0145-305X
Subject:: Bacillus subtilis; Bombyx mori; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; agglutination; amino acids; animals; bacteria; bacterial infections; carbohydrates; cell wall components; complement; eggs; gene expression; genes; growth retardation; hemolymph; larvae; lectins; messenger RNA; open reading frames; pathogens; recombinant proteins; signal transduction; silkworms
Abstract:: ... C-type lectins (CTLs) depend on the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) to recognize carbohydrates by a Ca2+-dependent mechanism. In animals, CTLs play critical roles in pathogen recognition, activation of the complement system and signaling pathways. Immulectins (Dual-CRD CTLs) in lepidopteran are involved in recognizing pathogens. However, little is known about the immune-related functions of ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.08.004
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2016.08.004

30. Assessment of artificial substrates for evaluating groundwater microbial quality

Author:: Voisin, Jérémy; Cournoyer, Benoit; Mermillod-Blondin, Florian
Source:: Ecological indicators 2016 v.71 pp. 577-586
ISSN:: 1470-160X
Subject:: DNA; bacterial communities; biofilm; carbohydrates; clay; glass; gravel; groundwater; habitats; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; hosts; microbial growth; microbiological quality; microorganisms; monitoring; nucleotide sequences; protein content; proteins; ribosomal RNA; surface water; wastewater
Abstract:: ... Protection of groundwater resources requires the development of reliable ecological indicators. Microorganisms involved in ecological services or being associated with particular hosts or habitats could be used for this purpose. Nevertheless, their tracking remains limited because of sampling issues, and a lack of devices for their long term monitoring. In the present study, three artificial subst ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.07.035
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.07.035

31. A systematic review and meta-analysis of carbohydrate benefits associated with randomized controlled competition-based performance trials

Author:: Pöchmüller, Martin; Schwingshackl, Lukas; Colombani, Paolo C.; Hoffmann, Georg
Source:: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 27
ISSN:: 1550-2783
Subject:: athletes; bicycling; carbohydrates; computer software; confidence interval; ergogenic aids; exercise; males; meta-analysis; randomized clinical trials; sports; sports nutrition; systematic review
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Carbohydrate supplements are widely used by athletes as an ergogenic aid before and during sports events. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at synthesizing all available data from randomized controlled trials performed under real-life conditions. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched systematically up to Febru ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12970-016-0139-6
PubMed:: 27408608
PubMed Central:: PMC4940907
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-016-0139-6

32. Carbohydrate productivity in continuous reactor under nitrogen limitation: Effect of light and residence time on nutrient uptake in Chlorella vulgaris

Author:: de Farias Silva, Carlos Eduardo; Sforza, Eleonora
Source:: Process biochemistry 2016 v.51 no.12 pp. 2112-2118
ISSN:: 1359-5113
Subject:: Chlorella vulgaris; biomass production; carbohydrate content; carbohydrates; elemental composition; ethanol production; light intensity; microalgae; nitrogen; nutrient uptake; starvation
Abstract:: ... Chlorella vulgaris is commonly recognized as an interesting species for bioethanol production due to its carbohydrate content. Carbohydrates accumulation is often obtained under nitrogen starvation, which on the other hand may lead to a reduced biomass production. In this work, the effect of nitrogen limitation in a continuous system was assessed, with the aim of finding an optimal value where bio ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.09.015
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2016.09.015

33. Carbon dioxide assimilation and photosynthetic electron transport of tea leaves under nitrogen deficiency

Author:: Lin, Zheng-he; Zhong, Qiu-sheng; Chen, Chang-song; Ruan, Qi-chun; Chen, Zhi-hui; You, Xiao-mei
Source:: Botanical studies 2016 v.57 no.1 pp. 37
ISSN:: 1999-3110
Subject:: carbohydrates; carbon dioxide; chlorophyll; electron transfer; farmers; fluorescence; leaves; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nitrogen fertilizers; photosynthesis; physiological response; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; subtropics; tea; tropics
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Tea plant is famed in humid and sub-humid of tropical regions, sub-tropical regions, and is a leaf-harvested crop. Nitrogen is the most important nutrient for increasing quality of tea leaves. Therefore, large amounts of nitrogen fertilizer are increasingly applied by tea farmers. Appropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer aroused people’s concern. This research of physiological re ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s40529-016-0152-8
PubMed:: 28597447
PubMed Central:: PMC5432892
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40529-016-0152-8

34. Changes in key photosynthetic parameters of olive trees following soil tillage and wastewater irrigation, modified olive oil quality

Author:: Tekaya, Meriem; Mechri, Beligh; Dabbaghi, Olfa; Mahjoub, Zoubeir; Laamari, Salwa; Chihaoui, Badreddine; Boujnah, Dalenda; Hammami, Mohamed; Chehab, Hechmi
Source:: Agricultural water management 2016 v.178 pp. 180-188
ISSN:: 0378-3774
Subject:: Olea europaea; agricultural land; agricultural management; antioxidants; carbohydrates; chlorophyll; crop production; fluorescence; land use; leaves; metabolites; nutrients; nutritive value; olive oil; oxidative stability; phenols; photosynthesis; pigments; polyunsaturated fatty acids; soil; statistical analysis; stomatal conductance; tillage; trees; vegetative growth; wastewater; wastewater irrigation; water shortages; Tunisia
Abstract:: ... The use of wastewater (WW) provides a reliable source of water and nutrients for crop production. Soil tillage is one of the key soil management practices in agricultural land use. In the present study, we studied the effects of these two agricultural practices on key physiological parameters of olive trees and on olive oil quality. The experiment was carried out on mature olive trees (Olea europa ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.agwat.2016.09.023
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.09.023

35. CO2 leakage from carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) systems affects organic matter cycling in surface marine sediments

Author:: Rastelli, Eugenio; Corinaldesi, Cinzia; Dell'Anno, Antonio; Amaro, Teresa; Greco, Silvestro; Lo Martire, Marco; Carugati, Laura; Queirós, Ana M.; Widdicombe, Stephen; Danovaro, Roberto
Source:: Marine environmental research 2016 v.122 pp. 158-168
ISSN:: 0141-1136
Subject:: carbohydrates; carbon; carbon dioxide; enzyme activity; greenhouse gas emissions; marine ecosystems; marine sediments; nitrogen; organic matter; phosphorus; protein degradation; proteins; seawater
Abstract:: ... Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS), involving the injection of CO2 into the sub-seabed, is being promoted worldwide as a feasible option for reducing the anthropogenic CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. However, the effects on the marine ecosystems of potential CO2 leakages originating from these storage sites have only recently received scientific attention, and little information is availa ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.10.007
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.10.007

36. Comparative proteomics illustrates the complexity of drought resistance mechanisms in two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars under dehydration and rehydration

Author:: Cheng, Lixiang; Wang, Yuping; He, Qiang; Li, Huijun; Zhang, Xiaojing; Zhang, Feng
Source:: BMC plant biology 2016 v.16 no.1 pp. 188
ISSN:: 1471-2229
Subject:: Triticum aestivum; adenosine triphosphate; amino acids; carbohydrates; cell structures; cultivars; drought; drought tolerance; energy; genotype; homeostasis; image analysis; models; photosynthesis; plant growth; protein degradation; protein synthesis; proteins; proteome; proteomics; rehydration; resistance mechanisms; translation (genetics); water stress; wheat
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Drought stress is one of the most adverse environmental constraints to plant growth and productivity. Comparative proteomics of drought-tolerant and sensitive wheat genotypes is a strategy to understand the complexity of molecular mechanism of wheat in response to drought. This study attempted to extend findings regarding the potential proteomic dynamics in wheat under drought stress a ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12870-016-0871-8
PubMed:: 27576435
PubMed Central:: PMC5006382
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-016-0871-8

37. Comparative study of the physicochemical, compositional and functional properties of eight flours obtained from different plant materials found in Colombia

Author:: Lopera-Cardona, Seneida; Gallardo, Cecilia; Umaña-Gallego, Jairo; Gil, Lina María
ISSN:: 1082-0132
Subject:: Ananas comosus; Chenopodium quinoa; Cicer arietinum; Musa acuminata; Oryza sativa; Pisum sativum; Pleurotus ostreatus; Zea mays; analysis of variance; carbohydrates; chickpeas; corn; emulsifying; flour; foaming; functional properties; gelation; iron; peas; pineapple peels; principal component analysis; protein content; raw materials; rice; whole grain foods; zinc; Colombia
Abstract:: ... The physicochemical, compositional and functional properties of flour from green plantains (Musa acuminata) of the large green plantain variety, oyster mushrooms (Pleorotus ostreatus), pineapple peel (Ananas comosus) of the ‘apple pineapple’ variety, yellow peas (Pisum sativum), chickpeas (Cicer arietinum), whole grain rice (Oryza sativa), whole grain corn (Zea mays) and whole grain white quinoa ( ...
DOI:: 10.1177/1082013216642611
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013216642611

38. Comparison of maternal isocaloric high carbohydrate and high fat diets on osteogenic and adipogenic genes expression in adolescent mice offspring

Author:: Mousavi, Seyedeh Neda; Koohdani, Fariba; Shidfar, Farzad; Eslaminejad, Mohamadreza Baghaban
Source:: Nutrition & metabolism 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 69
ISSN:: 1743-7075
Subject:: adipogenesis; adiposity; adolescents; beta catenin; bone fractures; carbohydrates; gene expression; gene expression regulation; high carbohydrate diet; high energy diet; high fat diet; mice; mothers; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; progeny
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Maternal high fat/high calorie diet leads to adiposity and bone fracture in offspring. However, the effects of macronutrient distribution in maternal isocaloric diet have not been studied. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that maternal isocaloric pair-fed high-carbohydrate diet will increase osteoblastic and decrease osteoclastic and adipogenic gene expression comp ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12986-016-0130-x
PubMed:: 27777604
PubMed Central:: PMC5069891
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-016-0130-x

39. Comparison of Volatiles and Mosquito Capture Efficacy For Three Carbohydrate Sources In A Yeast-Fermentation CO2 Generator

Author:: Aldridge, Robert L.; Britch, Seth C.; Allan, Sandra A.; Tsikolia, Maia; Calix, Lesly Carolina; Bernier, Ulrich R.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.
Source:: Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 2016 v.32 no.4 pp. 282-291
ISSN:: 8756-971X
Subject:: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Culicidae; bait traps; carbohydrates; carbon dioxide production; community structure; dry ice; fermentation; light traps; monitoring; yeasts
Abstract:: ... Mosquito surveillance in remote areas with limited access to canisters of CO₂ or dry ice will benefit from an effective alternative CO₂ source, such as the natural production of CO₂ from yeast fermentation. In this study, we investigate differences in mosquito capture rates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps baited with dry ice compared with traps baited with yea ...
DOI:: 10.2987/16-6609.1
: http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/16-6609.1

40. Critical evaluation of food intake and energy balance in young modern pentathlon athletes: a cross-sectional study

Author:: Coutinho, Leticia Azen Alves; Porto, Cristiana Pedrosa Melo; Pierucci, Anna Paola Trindade Rocha
Source:: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 15
ISSN:: 1550-2783
Subject:: adolescents; athletes; baked goods; body fat; boys; calcium; carbohydrate intake; carbohydrates; cross-sectional studies; dietary recommendations; eating habits; energy balance; exercise; females; food frequency questionnaires; food intake; fruits; girls; jumping; lipids; males; men; protein intake; protocols; sexual maturity; soft drinks; sports; sports nutrition; swimming; vegetables; women
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Modern pentathlon comprises five sports: fencing, swimming, equestrian jumping, and a combined event of pistol shooting and running. Despite the expected high energy demand of this sport, there are few studies that provide support for the nutritional recommendations for pentathletes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate young modern pentathlon athletes with respect to body ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12970-016-0127-x
PubMed:: 27042167
PubMed Central:: PMC4818861
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-016-0127-x

41. Dietary protein and carbohydrate requirement of juvenile Hawaiian limpet (Cellana sandwicensis Pease, 1861) fed practical diet

Author:: Hua, Nhan Thai; Ako, Harry
Source:: International aquatic research 2016 v.8 no.4 pp. 323-332
ISSN:: 2008-4935
Subject:: carbohydrates; dietary protein; juveniles; limpets; lipids; protein efficiency ratio; weight gain
Abstract:: ... This study was conducted to evaluate dietary protein and carbohydrate requirement of juvenile Hawaiian limpets Cellana sandwincensis. A total of 64 juvenile limpets (3.12 ± 0.86 g) were fed five different dietary protein levels ranging from 270 to 470 g kg⁻¹ for 90 days. Carbohydrate and lipid levels were held constant at 180 and 49.7 g kg⁻¹, respectively. Weight gain and growth rates of the anima ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s40071-016-0145-y
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40071-016-0145-y

42. Diving response after a one-week diet and overnight fasting

Author:: Ghiani, Giovanna; Marongiu, Elisabetta; Olla, Sergio; Pinna, Marco; Pusceddu, Matteo; Palazzolo, Girolamo; Sanna, Irene; Roberto, Silvana; Crisafulli, Antonio; Tocco, Filippo
Source:: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 23
ISSN:: 1550-2783
Subject:: heart rate; diet; metabolism; carbohydrates; blood glucose; sports nutrition; cardiac output; fasting; diaphragm; apnea; oxygen; breakfast; blood; blood pressure; lactic acid
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that overnight fasting after a short dietary period, especially with carbohydrates, could allow performing breath-hold diving with no restraint for diaphragm excursion and blood shift and without any increase of metabolism, and in turn improve the diving response. METHODS: During two separate sessions, 8 divers carried out two trials: (A) a 30-m depth dive, three hours ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12970-016-0134-y
PubMed:: 27247543
PubMed Central:: PMC4886409
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-016-0134-y

43. Effect of bitter gourd (Cucurbitaceae) foliar constituents on development and reproduction of Epilachna dodecastigma (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Author:: Sarkar, Nupur; Mukherjee, Abhishek; Barik, Anandamay
Source:: International journal of tropical insect science 2016 v.36 no.4 pp. 195-203
ISSN:: 1742-7592
Subject:: Epilachna; Momordica charantia; amino acids; carbohydrate content; carbohydrates; fecundity; females; laboratory experimentation; larvae; leaves; lipid content; lipids; longevity; males; nitrogen; phenol; proteins; pupae; water content
Abstract:: ... The influence of young, mature and senescent leaves of bitter gourd Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) on the feeding, growth and reproduction of Epilachna dodecastigma (Weid.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were studied under laboratory conditions (27 ± 0.5 °C, 12 h light: 12 h dark photoperiod, 65 ± 5% RH). Larval developmental time of E. dodecastigma was longest on senescent leaves followed by ...
DOI:: 10.1017/S1742758416000199
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1742758416000199

44. Effect of high dietary fat content on heat production and lipid and protein deposition in growing immunocastrated male pigs

Author:: Batorek-Lukač, N.; Dubois, S.; Noblet, J.; Čandek-Potokar, M.; Labussière, E.
Source:: Animal 2016 v.10 no.12 pp. 1941-1948
ISSN:: 1751-732X
Subject:: basal metabolic rate; body weight; carbohydrates; crude fat; dietary fat; digestibility; energy intake; heat production; lipids; lipogenesis; low fat diet; males; metabolizable energy; methane; nutrients; protein deposition; respiratory quotient; swine; voluntary intake
Abstract:: ... In immunocastrated (IC) pigs, revaccination (V2) increases lipid deposition (LD) because of increased voluntary feed intake; but little is known on associated effect of diet composition on partitioning of nutrients in IC pigs. Digestibility measurements, N and energy balances in respiration chambers were performed in two subsequent stages in four replicates of two male littermates to determine the ...
DOI:: 10.1017/S1751731116000719
PubMed:: 27146081
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1751731116000719

45. Effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculants on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silage quality: assessment of degradation (in situ) and gas production (in vitro)

Author:: LIU, Ce; LAI, Yu-jiao; LU, Xiao-nan; GUO, Ping-ting; LUO, Hai-ling
Source:: Journal of integrative agriculture 2016 v.15 no.12 pp. 2834-2841
ISSN:: 2095-3119
Subject:: Lactobacillus casei; Lactobacillus plantarum; Medicago sativa; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Simmental; acid detergent fiber; alfalfa; alfalfa silage; body weight; buffering capacity; butyric acid; carbohydrates; carbon dioxide; crude protein; feed quality; fermentation; gas production (biological); lactic acid bacteria; proteolysis; rumen; silage making; steers; water content
Abstract:: ... Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is difficult to ensile successfully because of the low content of moisture and water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) in fresh alfalfa and the high buffering capacity in fresh alfalfa. Here, we conducted a study to evaluate the effects of three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants (Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Pediococcus pentosaceus) on silage quality, i ...
DOI:: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61424-7
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61424-7

46. Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of TiO2 Nanoparticles Affected Cell Viability and Photosynthetic Yield in the Chlorophyceae Scenedesmus bijugus

Author:: Barreto, DanielaMariano; Lombardi, AnaTeresa
Source:: Water, air, and soil pollution 2016 v.227 no.12 pp. 450
ISSN:: 0049-6979
Subject:: Scenedesmus; carbohydrates; cell viability; chlorophyll; environmental factors; freshwater; microalgae; nanoparticles; photosystem II; phytoplankton; proteins; titanium dioxide
Abstract:: ... The impact of nanoparticles (NPs) in phytoplankton is understudied, particularly with respect to the organism’s physiology and environmentally relevant concentrations. In the present research, we investigated the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO₂) in the physiology of Scenedesmus bijugus, a freshwater cosmopolitan phytoplankter, exposed to concentrations ranging from 3.30 × 10⁻⁹ ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s11270-016-3139-x
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-016-3139-x

47. Ethanol and its Halal status in food industries

Author:: Alzeer, Jawad; Abou Hadeed, Khaled
Source:: Trends in food science & technology 2016 v.58 pp. 14-20
ISSN:: 0924-2244
Subject:: beverages; biomass; carbohydrates; ethanol; fermentation; food industry; food production; fruits; halal foods; humans; ingredients; solvents; toxicity
Abstract:: ... Ethanol is an important organic solvent and substrate which extensively used in research and industries. It is the main ingredient produced during fermentation of carbohydrates derived from fruits and other biomass substances. Halal status of ethanol is controversial and it is rational use is ambiguous.In this review the issue of ethanol in food industries is addressed. Ethanol is a sensitive, con ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.10.018
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2016.10.018

48. Evaluation of botanical and chemical composition of sheep diet by using faecal near infrared spectroscopy

Author:: Núñez-Sánchez, Nieves; Carrion, Domingo; Peña Blanco, Francisco; Domenech García, Valeriano; Garzón Sigler, Ana; Martínez-Marín, Andrés Luis
Source:: Animal feed science and technology 2016 v.222 pp. 1-6
ISSN:: 0377-8401
Subject:: alfalfa; alfalfa hay; botanical composition; cages; carbohydrates; corn; crude protein; equations; ewes; feces; forage; ingredients; model validation; near-infrared spectroscopy; neutral detergent fiber; peas; prediction; rectum; straw; sunflower meal; viability; whole grain foods
Abstract:: ... The aim of this study was to use near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to directly predict the chemical composition and forage content of diets consumed by ewes from the analysis of their faeces. Twenty four ewes (46±3kg BW) placed in individual cages were used. Each animal was randomly allocated to four diets fed in four successive 28-days periods, so that a total of 16 diets were fed (si ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.09.010
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.09.010

49. Evidence of a bacterial core in the stored products pest Plodia interpunctella: the influence of different diets

Author:: Montagna, Matteo; Mereghetti, Valeria; Gargari, Giorgio; Guglielmetti, Simone; Faoro, Franco; Lozzia, Giuseppe; Locatelli, Daria; Limonta, Lidia
Source:: Environmental microbiology 2016 v.18 no.12 pp. 4961-4973
ISSN:: 1462-2912
Subject:: Plodia interpunctella; animal pathogens; bacteria; bacterial communities; carbohydrates; eggs; feeding behavior; frass; high protein diet; humans; imagos; metagenomics; models; moths; products and commodities; proteins; storage pests
Abstract:: ... The potential influence of insects' feeding behaviour on their associated bacterial communities is currently a matter of debate. Using the major pest of commodities, Plodia interpunctella, as a model and adopting a culture‐independent approach, the impact of different diets on the host‐associated microbiota was evaluated. An analysis of similarity showed differences among the microbiotas of moths ...
DOI:: 10.1111/1462-2920.13450
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13450

50. Fitness and physiology of Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) in relation to the health of the eastern hemlock

Author:: Jones, Anne C.; Mullins, Donald E.; Brewster, Carlyle; Rhea, James P.; Salom, Scott M.
Source:: Insect science 2016 v.23 no.6 pp. 843-853
ISSN:: 1672-9609
Subject:: Adelges tsugae; Tsuga canadensis; amino nitrogen; biomass; carbohydrates; carbon; eggs; fecundity; insects; invasive species; mortality; nutrients; trees; Eastern United States
Abstract:: ... The hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand is an invasive insect that frequently causes hemlock (Tsuga spp.) mortality in the eastern United States. Studies have shown that once healthy hemlocks become infested by the adelgid, nutrients are depleted from the tree, leading to both tree decline and a reduction of the adelgid population. Since A. tsugae is dependent on hemlock for nutrients, f ...
DOI:: 10.1111/1744-7917.12240
CHORUS:: 10.1111/1744-7917.12240
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12240

51. Fungal endophyte association with Brachiaria grasses and its influence on plant water status, total non-structural carbohydrates and biomass production under drought stress

Author:: Odokonyero, Kennedy; Acuña, Tina Botwright; Cardoso, Juan Andrés; de la Cruz Jimenez, Juan; Rao, Idupulapati Madhusudana
Source:: Plant and soil 2016 v.409 no.1-2 pp. 273-282
ISSN:: 0032-079X
Subject:: Brachiaria; Sarocladium; biomass production; carbohydrates; cultivars; drought; dry matter content; endophytes; forage quality; fungi; grasses; greenhouse production; greenhouses; host plants; leaves; roots; shoots; water content; water stress
Abstract:: ... AIMS: The main aim was to evaluate the effect of endophytic association of Sarocladium implicatum on drought responses of Brachiaria grass cultivars under greenhouse conditions. We tested the hypothesis that endophyte association with Brachiaria improves tolerance to drought stress by maintaining plant water status and increasing dry matter content (DMC), total non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) co ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s11104-016-2947-5
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2947-5

52. Genetic manipulation of putrescine biosynthesis reprograms the cellular transcriptome and the metabolome

Author:: Page, Andrew F.; Cseke, Leland J.; Minocha, Rakesh; Turlapati, Swathi A.; Podila, Gopi K.; Ulanov, Alexander; Li, Zhong; Minocha, Subhash C.
Source:: BMC plant biology 2016 v.16 no.1 pp. 113
ISSN:: 1471-2229
Subject:: Populus nigra; biofuels; biomass production; biosynthesis; carbohydrates; carbon; carbon dioxide fixation; cell culture; cell walls; ecological value; gene expression regulation; genetic engineering; glutamic acid; metabolic engineering; metabolites; metabolome; metabolomics; microarray technology; nitrogen; nitrogen metabolism; nutrient use efficiency; nutritive value; organic acids and salts; ornithine; ornithine decarboxylase; osmoregulation; physiological transport; plant growth; putrescine; spermidine; spermine; stress response; transcription (genetics); transcriptome; transcriptomics; transgenes; transgenic plants; translation (genetics)
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: With the increasing interest in metabolic engineering of plants using genetic manipulation and gene editing technologies to enhance growth, nutritional value and environmental adaptation, a major concern is the potential of undesirable broad and distant effects of manipulating the target gene or metabolic step in the resulting plant. A comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analy ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12870-016-0796-2
PubMed:: 27188293
PubMed Central:: PMC4870780
CHORUS:: 10.1186/s12870-016-0796-2
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-016-0796-2

53. Harvesting of freshwater microalgae with microbial bioflocculant: a pilot-scale study

Author:: Ndikubwimana, Theoneste; Zeng, Xianhai; Murwanashyaka, Theophile; Manirafasha, Emmanuel; He, Ning; Shao, Wenyao; Lu, Yinghua
Source:: Biotechnology for biofuels 2016 v.9 no.1 pp. 47
ISSN:: 1754-6834
Subject:: Bacillus licheniformis; biofuels; biomass; carbohydrates; centrifugation; chemical composition; dewatering; flocculation; freshwater; fuel production; gravity; harvesting; lipids; microalgae; mixing; polyglutamic acid; proteins
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Nowadays, bioflocculation is considered as a potential technology that could be able to alleviate microalgae dewatering cost regarded as the cornerstone hindrance of their full-scale application. However, most bioflocculation studies reported are laboratory scales. This study examined a pilot-scale and in situ flocculation of freshwater microalgae Desmodesmus brasiliensis by microbial ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s13068-016-0458-5
PubMed:: 26925164
PubMed Central:: PMC4769512
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-016-0458-5

54. Health relevance of intestinal protein fermentation in young pigs

Author:: Pieper, R.; Villodre Tudela, C.; Taciak, M.; Bindelle, J.; Pérez, J. F.; Zentek, J.
Source:: Animal health research reviews 2016 v.17 no.2 pp. 137-147
ISSN:: 1475-2654
Subject:: antinutritional factors; carbohydrates; diarrhea; dietary protein; digestible protein; epithelium; etiology; fermentation; high protein diet; intestinal microorganisms; intestines; metabolites; microbial activity; microbial ecology; protein content; proteins; risk; risk reduction; secretion; swine; swine diseases; toxicity
Abstract:: ... The physiological role of the gastrointestinal microbiota has become an important subject of nutrition research in pigs in the past years, and the importance of intestinal microbial activity in the etiology of disease is doubtless. This review summarizes the recent knowledge related to the microbial ecology of protein fermentation and the appearance of protein-derived metabolites along the pig int ...
DOI:: 10.1017/S1466252316000141
PubMed:: 27572670
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1466252316000141

55. In a single-blind, matched group design: branched-chain amino acid supplementation and resistance training maintains lean body mass during a caloric restricted diet

Author:: Dudgeon, Wesley David; Kelley, Elizabeth Page; Scheett, Timothy Paul
Source:: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 1
ISSN:: 1550-2783
Subject:: adults; amino acids; athletes; carbohydrates; lean body mass; low calorie diet; males; muscles; protocols; risk; skeletal muscle; sports nutrition; strength training
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Athletes and active adults many times have the goal of improving/maintaining fitness while losing weight and this is best achieved by caloric restriction in combination with exercise. However, this poses a risk for lean tissue loss, which can limit performance. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplement, in conjun ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12970-015-0112-9
PubMed:: 26733764
PubMed Central:: PMC4700774
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0112-9

56. Inflammatory state of periaortic adipose tissue in mice under obesogenic dietary regimens

Author:: Masi, Laureane Nunes; Crisma, Amanda Rabello; Martins, Amanda Roque; do Amaral, Catia Lira; Torres, Rosângela Pavan; Mancini Filho, Jorge; Hirabara, Sandro Massao; Curi, Rui
Source:: Journal of nutrition & intermediary metabolism 2016 v.6 pp. 1-7
ISSN:: 2352-3859
Subject:: DNA; adiponectin; adipose tissue; aorta; blood serum; carbohydrates; concentrated milk; diabetes; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; fatty acid composition; gas chromatography; high carbohydrate diet; high fat diet; inflammation; intercellular adhesion molecule-1; interleukin-10; interleukin-1beta; interleukin-6; leptin; males; metabolism; mice; monounsaturated fatty acids; obesity; protein content; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; vascular diseases
Abstract:: ... High-fat diet or high-sugar diet causes obesity and a chronic low-grade inflammation that leads to the development of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation of the surrounding fat of thoracic aorta namely periaortic adipose tissue (PAAT) has been associated with increased prevalence of vascular diseases in obesity. C57Bl/6 male mice (12 weeks of age) fed a whole grain-based commercial ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.jnim.2016.04.009
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnim.2016.04.009

57. Insights into the biodiversity of the gut microbiota of broiler chickens

Author:: Mancabelli, Leonardo; Ferrario, Chiara; Milani, Christian; Mangifesta, Marta; Turroni, Francesca; Duranti, Sabrina; Lugli, Gabriele Andrea; Viappiani, Alice; Ossiprandi, Maria Cristina; van Sinderen, Douwe; Ventura, Marco
Source:: Environmental microbiology 2016 v.18 no.12 pp. 4727-4738
ISSN:: 1462-2912
Subject:: Bacteroidetes; Firmicutes; Proteobacteria; acetates; antibiotic resistance; antibiotic resistance genes; antibiotics; bacteria; biodiversity; broiler chickens; carbohydrates; data collection; diet; formates; gastrointestinal system; intestinal microorganisms; microbiome
Abstract:: ... The gastrointestinal tract of poultry is densely populated with microorganisms, which are presumed to interact with the host and ingested feed. Comparison of the gut microbiota of chickens used for large‐scale commercial production (Broiler Chicken, BC) and those grown in semi‐wild conditions (Free‐Range Chicken, FRC) revealed that at phylum level Firmicutes was the dominant phylum of the gut comm ...
DOI:: 10.1111/1462-2920.13363
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13363

58. Interaction between FTO gene variants and lifestyle factors on metabolic traits in an Asian Indian population

Author:: Vimaleswaran, Karani S.; Bodhini, Dhanasekaran; Lakshmipriya, N.; Ramya, K.; Anjana, R. Mohan; Sudha, Vasudevan; Lovegrove, Julie A.; Kinra, Sanjay; Mohan, Viswanathan; Radha, Venkatesan
Source:: Nutrition & metabolism 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 39
ISSN:: 1743-7075
Subject:: Asian Indians; alleles; carbohydrate intake; carbohydrates; dietary fiber; energy; epidemiology; exercise; food frequency questionnaires; food intake; genotype; lifestyle; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; nutrition-genotype interaction; obesity; regression analysis; risk; risk reduction; single nucleotide polymorphism; waist circumference; India
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity have been shown to modify the association between fat mass and obesity–associated (FTO) gene variants and metabolic traits in several populations; however, there are no gene-lifestyle interaction studies, to date, among Asian Indians living in India. In this study, we examined whether dietary factors and physical activity modified th ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12986-016-0098-6
PubMed:: 27274759
PubMed Central:: PMC4891824
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-016-0098-6

59. Lectin I from Bauhinia variegata (BVL-I) expressed by Pichia pastoris inhibits initial adhesion of oral bacteria in vitro

Author:: Klafke, Gabriel Baracy; Moreira, Gustavo Marçal Schmidt Garcia; Pereira, Juliano Lacava; Oliveira, Patrícia Diaz; Conceição, Fabricio Rochedo; Lund, Rafael Guerra; Grassmann, André Alex; Dellagostin, Odir Antonio; da Silva Pinto, Luciano
Source:: International journal of biological macromolecules 2016 v.93 pp. 913-918
ISSN:: 0141-8130
Subject:: seeds; Komagataella pastoris; bioactive properties; biofilm; glycosylation; lectins; carbohydrates; bacterial adhesion; models; secretion; plasmids; codons; adhesion; Streptococcus mutans; batch fermentation; Bauhinia variegata; bacteria; Escherichia coli
Abstract:: ... Lectins are non-immune proteins that reversibly bind to carbohydrates in a specific manner. Bauhinia variegata lectin I (BVL-I) is a Gal/GalNAc-specific, single-chain lectin isolated from Bauhinia variegata seeds that has been implicated in the inhibition of bacterial adhesion and the healing of damaged skin. Since the source of the native protein (nBVL) is limited, this study aimed to produce rec ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.062
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.062

60. Lipid extraction from wet Chaetoceros muelleri culture and evaluation of remaining defatted biomass

Author:: Naghdi, Forough Ghasemi; Bai, Xue; Thomas-Hall, Skye R.; Sharma, Kalpesh; Schenk, Peer M.
Source:: Algal research 2016 v.20 pp. 205-212
ISSN:: 2211-9264
Subject:: Chaetoceros muelleri; biodiesel; biomass; carbohydrates; cost effectiveness; drying; ethanol; ethanol production; fatty acid methyl esters; feedstocks; fermentation; heat treatment; hexane; microalgae; oils; osmotic stress; slurries; solvents; triacylglycerols; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:: ... Microalgae-based lipids are considered a good feedstock for various applications, including biodiesel and omega-3-rich oil production. However, developing new lipid extraction and recovery techniques are required to make microalgal oil a more economically competitive feedstock. To avoid the costly process of complete drying of algal biomass, extraction from wet slurry was improved. Potentially cos ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.10.011
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2016.10.011

61. Little effects on soil organic matter chemistry of density fractions after seven years of forest soil warming

Author:: Schnecker, Jörg; Borken, Werner; Schindlbacher, Andreas; Wanek, Wolfgang
Source:: Soil biology & biochemistry 2016 v.103 pp. 300-307
ISSN:: 0038-0717
Subject:: biodegradation; carbohydrates; carbon; carbon dioxide; forest soils; forests; fractionation; lignin; microbial communities; nitrogen; nitrogen content; particulate organic matter; soil depth; soil heating; soil organic matter; soil separates; stable isotopes; temperature; topsoil; Alps region; Austria
Abstract:: ... Rising temperatures enhance microbial decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) and thereby increase the soil CO2 efflux. Elevated decomposition rates might differently affect distinct SOM pools, depending on their stability and accessibility. Soil fractions derived from density fractionation have been suggested to represent SOM pools with different turnover times and stability against microbial ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.09.003
PubMed:: 28042178
PubMed Central:: PMC5198888
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.09.003

62. Metagenomic analysis and functional characterization of the biogas microbiome using high throughput shotgun sequencing and a novel binning strategy

Author:: Campanaro, Stefano; Treu, Laura; Kougias, Panagiotis G.; De Francisci, Davide; Valle, Giorgio; Angelidaki, Irini
Source:: Biotechnology for biofuels 2016 v.9 no.1 pp. 26
ISSN:: 1754-6834
Subject:: acetates; amino acids; anaerobic digestion; biochemical pathways; biogas; carbohydrates; enzymes; fatty acids; fermentation; functional properties; genes; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; metagenomics; methane production; methanogens; microbial communities; microbiome; momentum; new species; oxidation; phylogeny; proteins
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Biogas production is an economically attractive technology that has gained momentum worldwide over the past years. Biogas is produced by a biologically mediated process, widely known as “anaerobic digestion.” This process is performed by a specialized and complex microbial community, in which different members have distinct roles in the establishment of a collective organization. Decip ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s13068-016-0441-1
PubMed:: 26839589
PubMed Central:: PMC4736482
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-016-0441-1

63. Monetary value of self-reported diets and associations with sociodemographic characteristics and dietary intake among Japanese adults: analysis of nationally representative surveys

Author:: Okubo, Hitomi; Murakami, Kentaro; Sasaki, Satoshi
Source:: Public health nutrition 2016 v.19 no.18 pp. 3306-3318
ISSN:: 1475-2727
Subject:: adults; alcohol drinking; carbohydrates; cholesterol; cross-sectional studies; dairy products; dietary fiber; economic valuation; educational status; eggs; energy density; fish; food intake; food prices; fruits; household expenditure; households; lifestyle; meat; minerals; nutrient content; nutrient intake; nutrition surveys; oils; physical activity; sociodemographic characteristics; socioeconomics; sodium; vegetables; vitamins; Japan
Abstract:: ... To examine the relationships of monetary value of diets with sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics and dietary intake among Japanese adults. Cross-sectional study based on two nationally representative surveys: the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions and the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2013. Dietary intake was assessed by a 1 d semi-weighed household dietary record with in ...
DOI:: 10.1017/S1368980016001695
PubMed:: 27357725
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980016001695

64. Monitoring for compliance with a ketogenic diet: what is the best time of day to test for urinary ketosis?

Author:: Urbain, Paul; Bertz, Hartmut
Source:: Nutrition & metabolism 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 77
ISSN:: 1743-7075
Subject:: acetoacetic acid; blood; body mass index; carbohydrates; compliance; energy intake; epilepsy; food records; ketogenic diet; ketone bodies; ketonuria; ketosis; monitoring; people; urine; weight loss
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: The ketogenic diet (KD) is a very low-carbohydrate, high-fat and adequate-protein diet with no calorie limit that induces a metabolic condition called “physiological ketosis”. It was first introduced to treat epilepsy in the 1920s and has become quite popular recently as weight-loss and performance-enhancing diet. Its therapeutic use in a range of diseases is under investigation. Durin ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12986-016-0136-4
PubMed:: 27822291
PubMed Central:: PMC5097355
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-016-0136-4

65. Mortality and nematode production in Spodoptera littoralis larvae in relation to dual infection with Steinernema riobrave, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, and Beauveria bassiana, and the host plant

Author:: Shaurub, El-Sayed H.; Reyad, Naglaa F.; Abdel-Wahab, Horia A.; Ahmed, Safia H.
Source:: Biological control 2016 v.103 pp. 86-94
ISSN:: 1049-9644
Subject:: Beauveria bassiana; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora; Spodoptera littoralis; Steinernema riobravis; biological control; biological control agents; cabbage; carbohydrates; cotton; cowpeas; diet; entomopathogenic fungi; entomopathogenic nematodes; host plants; insect pests; instars; intercropping; larvae; lipid content; metabolites; mortality; protein content; virulence; Egypt
Abstract:: ... The present study aimed to evaluate the interactive applications of the promising biocontrol agents, the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) Steinernema riobrave and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and the entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) Beauveria bassiana, each at the LC25 level, to the last instars of the Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, in either sequential or simultaneous fashion to ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2016.08.007
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2016.08.007

66. Multivitamins and minerals modulate whole-body energy metabolism and cerebral blood-flow during cognitive task performance: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Author:: Kennedy, David O.; Stevenson, Emma J.; Jackson, Philippa A.; Dunn, Sarah; Wishart, Karl; Bieri, Gregor; Barella, Luca; Carne, Alexandra; Dodd, Fiona L.; Robertson, Bernadette C.; Forster, Joanne; Haskell-Ramsay, Crystal F.
Source:: Nutrition & metabolism 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 11
ISSN:: 1743-7075
Subject:: adults; blood flow; calorimetry; carbohydrates; coenzyme Q10; cognition; dose response; emotions; energy expenditure; energy metabolism; females; frontal lobe; hemoglobin; lipid metabolism; minerals; near-infrared spectroscopy; nutritional status; placebos; vitamins
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: The brain is by far the most metabolically active organ in the body, with overall energy expenditure and local blood-supply closely related to neural activity. Both energy metabolism and cerebral vaso-dilation are dependent on adequate micronutrient status. This study investigated whether supplementation with ascending doses of multi-vitamin/minerals could modulate the metabolic and ce ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12986-016-0071-4
PubMed:: 26870152
PubMed Central:: PMC4750202
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-016-0071-4

67. Natural lactic acid bacteria population of tropical grasses and their fermentation factor analysis of silage prepared with cellulase and inoculant

Author:: Khota, Waroon; Pholsen, Suradej; Higgs, David; Cai, Yimin
Source:: Journal of dairy science 2016 v.99 no.12 pp. 9768-9781
ISSN:: 0022-0302
Subject:: protein degradation; ribosomal RNA; Lactobacillus plantarum; Cenchrus purpureus; lactic acid; fermentation; Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides; Weissella confusa; feed quality; tropics; carbohydrates; crude protein; laboratory experimentation; Lactobacillus casei; aerobes; sequence analysis; grasses; factor analysis; Lactococcus lactis; Lactobacillus acidipiscis; silage making; inoculum; grass silage; additives; species identification; acid detergent fiber; lactic acid bacteria; Megathyrsus maximus; pH; Acremonium; biodegradation; nucleotide sequences; neutral detergent fiber; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase
Abstract:: ... Natural lactic acid bacteria (LAB) populations in tropical grasses and their fermentation characteristics on silage prepared with cellulase enzyme and LAB inoculants were studied. A commercial inoculant Lactobacillus plantarum Chikuso 1 (CH), a local selected strain Lactobacillus casei TH14 (TH14), and 2 cellulases, Acremonium cellulase (AC) and Maicelase (MC; Meiji Seika Pharma Co. Ltd., Tokyo, J ...
DOI:: 10.3168/jds.2016-11180
: https://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11180

68. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal coupled with carbohydrate production by five microalgae cultures cultivated in biogas slurry

Author:: Tan, Fen; Wang, Zhi; Zhouyang, Siyu; Li, Heng; Xie, Youping; Wang, Yuanpeng; Zheng, Yanmei; Li, Qingbiao
Source:: Bioresource technology 2016 v.221 pp. 385-393
ISSN:: 0960-8524
Subject:: Chlorella vulgaris; ammonia; biogas; biomass production; carbohydrate content; carbohydrates; magnesium; microalgae; nitrogen; phosphorus; slurries
Abstract:: ... In this study, five microalgae strains were cultured for their ability to survive in biogas slurry, remove nitrogen resources and accumulate carbohydrates. It was proved that five microalgae strains adapted in biogas slurry well without ammonia inhibition. Among them, Chlorella vulgaris ESP-6 showed the best performance on carbohydrate accumulation, giving the highest carbohydrate content of 61.5% ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.030
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.030

69. Post-exercise branched chain amino acid supplementation does not affect recovery markers following three consecutive high intensity resistance training bouts compared to carbohydrate supplementation

Author:: Kephart, Wesley C.; Mumford, Petey W.; McCloskey, Anna E.; Holland, A. Maleah; Shake, Joshua J.; Mobley, C. Brooks; Jagodinsky, Adam E.; Weimar, Wendi H.; Oliver, Gretchen D.; Young, Kaelin C.; Moon, Jordan R.; Roberts, Michael D.
Source:: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 30
ISSN:: 1550-2783
Subject:: blood serum; carbohydrates; electromyography; leucine; males; monocytes; muscles; myoglobin; protocols; sports drinks; sports nutrition; strength training; tap water; torque; valine
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Amino acid supplementation has been shown to potentially reduced exercise-induced muscle soreness. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine if branched chain amino acid and carbohydrate (BCAACHO) versus carbohydrate-only sports drink (CHO) supplementation attenuated markers of muscle damage while preserving performance markers following 3 days of intense weight training. METHODS: ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12970-016-0142-y
PubMed:: 27468258
PubMed Central:: PMC4962429
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-016-0142-y

70. Protein intake during training sessions has no effect on performance and recovery during a strenuous training camp for elite cyclists

Author:: Hansen, Mette; Bangsbo, Jens; Jensen, Jørgen; Krause-Jensen, Matilde; Bibby, Bo Martin; Sollie, Ove; Hall, Ulrika Andersson; Madsen, Klavs
Source:: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 9
ISSN:: 1550-2783
Subject:: athletes; beverages; bicycling; biomarkers; blood; carbohydrates; exercise; fasting; immune response; muscles; protein intake; protein supplements; risk; saliva; sports nutrition; whey protein
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Training camps for top-class endurance athletes place high physiological demands on the body. Focus on optimizing recovery between training sessions is necessary to minimize the risk of injuries and improve adaptations to the training stimuli. Carbohydrate supplementation during sessions is generally accepted as being beneficial to aid performance and recovery, whereas the effect of pr ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12970-016-0120-4
PubMed:: 26949378
PubMed Central:: PMC4779585
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-016-0120-4

71. Qualité nutritionnelle de la restauration scolaire en Algérie

Author:: Yagoubi-Benatallah, Lynda; Mekhancha, Djamel-Eddine; Dahel-Mekhancha, Corinne Colette; Badaoui, Brahim; Nezzal, Lahcène
Source:: Cahiers de Nutrition et de Dietetique 2016 v.51 pp. 315-321
ISSN:: 0007-9960
Subject:: carbohydrates; dairy products; desserts; diet; elementary schools; energy intake; food groups; nutrients; nutritive value; paper; secondary education; starch products; vegetables
Abstract:: ... The objective of this study was to describe the nutritional quality of meals offered by A primary school and a secondary school. Data on food were copied from daily consumption paper. The average daily ration, the share of each food group, the potential nutritional means and the share of major nutrients in total energy intake were determined. In the two institutions, the menu consists of a main di ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.cnd.2016.09.004
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnd.2016.09.004

72. Relationship between environmental conditions, carbon utilisation patterns and Niche Overlap Indices of the mycotoxigenic species Fusarium verticillioides and the biocontrol agent Clonostachys rosea

Author:: Samsudin, Nik Iskandar Putra; Medina, Angel; Magan, Naresh
Source:: Fungal ecology 2016 v.24 pp. 44-52
ISSN:: 1754-5048
Subject:: Clonostachys rosea; Fusarium verticillioides; amino acids; antagonists; carbohydrates; carbon; corn; environmental factors; fumonisin B1; fungal antagonists; niches; palmitic acid; pathogens; spores; temperature; water potential
Abstract:: ... Recently, it was shown that a strain of the fungal antagonist Clonostachys rosea 016 was able to inhibit fumonisin B1 mycotoxin production by Fusarium verticillioides FV1 when using different ratios of spores of each species in vitro. The objectives of the present work were therefore to: (a) compare the nutritional utilisation patterns and rates of uptake of key C-sources in maize by the antagonis ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.funeco.2016.05.010
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2016.05.010

73. Sensory and nutritional evaluation of milk based weaning food

Author:: Srivastava, Bhawna; AnishaVerma,; Neerubala,
Source:: Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences 2016 v.35 no.4 pp. 319-322
ISSN:: 0976-0563
Subject:: carbohydrates; carrots; chickpeas; children; energy; hedonic scales; infants; ingredients; linseed; malnutrition; milk; milk industry; milk production; mixing; mothers; potatoes; sensory properties; weaning; weaning foods; wheat flour
Abstract:: ... The weaning period is crucial for the maintenance and continued growth and development of the child. Weaning foods should have good acceptability by both the mothers/care givers and the infants. The main objective of the study was to formulate nutritional rich composite blend, based on locally available ingredients by blending with milk to produce a highly nutritious weaning food to reduce the mal ...
DOI:: 10.18805/ajdfr.v35i4.6632
: http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.v35i4.6632

74. Short chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and short-term high-fat diet perturb mitochondrial energy metabolism and transcriptional control of lipid-handling in liver

Author:: Ghosh, Sujoy; Kruger, Claudia; Wicks, Shawna; Simon, Jacob; Kumar, K. Ganesh; Johnson, William D.; Mynatt, Randall L.; Noland, Robert C.; Richards, Brenda K.
Source:: Nutrition & metabolism 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 17
ISSN:: 1743-7075
Subject:: AMP-activated protein kinase; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; adenosine monophosphate; adenosine triphosphate; butyrates; carbohydrates; eating habits; energy; energy metabolism; food intake; gene expression; genetic models; genotype; high fat diet; lipid metabolism; lipids; liver; low fat diet; messenger RNA; metabolites; mice; mitochondria; oxidation; oxygen consumption; phenotype; succinic acid; transcription (genetics); transcriptomics
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: The liver is an important site of fat oxidation, which participates in the metabolic regulation of food intake. We showed previously that mice with genetically inactivated Acads, encoding short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD), shift food consumption away from fat and toward carbohydrate when tested in a macronutrient choice paradigm. This phenotypic eating behavior suggests a link ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12986-016-0075-0
PubMed:: 26933443
PubMed Central:: PMC4772307
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-016-0075-0

75. Soil Temperature Regulates Fruit Color Change in ‘Algerie’ Loquat: Nutritional and Hormonal Control

Author:: Reig, Carmina; Grillone, Nicola; Mesejo, Carlos; Martínez-Fuentes, Amparo; Agustí, Manuel
Source:: Journal of plant growth regulation 2016 v.35 no.4 pp. 1108-1117
ISSN:: 0721-7595
Subject:: Rosaceae; abscisic acid; air temperature; canopy; carbohydrates; color; fruit trees; indole acetic acid; loquats; nitrogen; ripening; root primordia; rootstocks; seedlings; soil temperature
Abstract:: ... In Rosaceae fruit tree species, fruit and roots grow opposite because of carbohydrate competition, and root activity is thus reduced by fruit growth. In agreement with this, for some of these species soil temperature has been suggested as a factor regulating fruit ripening, but the mechanism with which it works remains unknown. In this study, we reduced loquat root activity by lowering soil temper ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s00344-016-9608-z
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00344-016-9608-z

76. Structure prediction and functional analysis of a non-permutated lectin from Dioclea grandiflora

Author:: de Sousa, Bruno Lopes; Nagano, Celso Shiniti; Simões, Rafael da Conceição; Silva-Filho, José Caetano; Cunha, Rodrigo Maranguape da Silva; Cajazeiras, João Batista; do Nascimento, Kyria Santiago; Cavada, Benildo Sousa
Source:: Biochimie 2016 v.131 pp. 54-67
ISSN:: 0300-9084
Subject:: Dioclea; binding sites; carbohydrate binding; carbohydrates; concanavalin A; glycosylation; legumes; molecular dynamics; molecular models; prediction; protein structure; simulation models
Abstract:: ... Legume lectins have been widely studied and applied for many purposes in the last few decades, but many of their physiological aspects remain elusive. The Diocleinae legume subtribe, which includes intensively explored lectins, such as ConA, presents an unusual and extensive post-translational process which results in minor alterations in protein structure, in turn making its function elusive. Des ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.09.010
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2016.09.010

77. The effects of phosphatidic acid supplementation on strength, body composition, muscular endurance, power, agility, and vertical jump in resistance trained men

Author:: Escalante, Guillermo; Alencar, Michelle; Haddock, Bryan; Harvey, Phillip
Source:: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 24
ISSN:: 1550-2783
Subject:: active ingredients; analysis of variance; carbohydrates; cholecalciferol; diet; education programs; lean body mass; leucine; males; mammals; men; muscle protein; muscles; placebos; protein synthesis; protocols; rapamycin; sports nutrition; strength training
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a lipid messenger that has been shown to increase muscle protein synthesis via signaling stimulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). MaxxTOR® (MT) is a supplement that contains PA as the main active ingredient but also contains other synergistic mTOR signaling substances including L-Leucine, Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate (HMB), and Vitamin D3. ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12970-016-0135-x
PubMed:: 27274715
PubMed Central:: PMC4891923
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12970-016-0135-x

78. The effects on weight loss and gene expression in adipose and hepatic tissues of very-low carbohydrate and low-fat isoenergetic diets in diet-induced obese mice

Author:: Yamazaki, Tomomi; Okawa, Sumire; Takahashi, Mayumi
Source:: Nutrition & metabolism 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 78
ISSN:: 1743-7075
Subject:: G-protein coupled receptors; animal disease models; blood serum; brown adipose tissue; carbohydrate intake; carbohydrates; energy expenditure; energy intake; energy metabolism; fatty acids; fibroblast growth factors; gene expression; high fat diet; humans; iodide peroxidase; ketone bodies; lipogenesis; liver; low carbohydrate diet; low fat diet; macrophages; males; messenger RNA; mice; obesity; weight loss; white adipose tissue
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: Obesity is caused by excessive fat or carbohydrate intake. The improvement of obesity is an important issue, especially in Western societies. Both low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) and low-fat diet (LFD) are used to achieve weight loss in humans. To clarify the mechanisms underlying LCD-induced weight loss, especially in early stage, we compared the gene expression in liver, white adipose ti ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12986-016-0139-1
PubMed:: 27826354
PubMed Central:: PMC5100287
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-016-0139-1

79. Thermophilic digestion of waste-activated sludge coupled with solar pond

Author:: Zhang, Guodong; Wu, Zhiyue; Cheng, Fangqin; Min, Zhang; Lee, Duu-Jong
Source:: Renewable energy 2016 v.98 pp. 142-147
ISSN:: 0960-1481
Subject:: activated sludge; anaerobic digestion; biogas; carbohydrates; chemical oxygen demand; hydrolysis; rain; solar collectors; temperature; thermal stability
Abstract:: ... Thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) is an efficient treatment process for waste activated sludge with enhanced hydrolysis and digestion rates. However, the costs associated with maintaining high temperature for thermophilic digester should be minimized and the thermal stability of the reactor should be maximized for its practical use. This study tested an integrated system consisting of a solar ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.03.052
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.03.052

80. Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation–emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy with regional integration analysis for assessing waste sludge hydrolysis at different pretreated temperatures

Author:: Sun, Jian; Guo, Liang; Li, Qianqian; Zhao, Yangguo; Gao, Mengchun; She, Zonglian; Jin, Chunji
Source:: Environmental science and pollution research international 2016 v.23 no.23 pp. 24061-24067
ISSN:: 0944-1344
Subject:: biodegradability; byproducts; carbohydrates; chemical oxygen demand; fluorescence; fluorescence emission spectroscopy; functional properties; heat; humification; hydrolysis; proteins; sludge; temperature
Abstract:: ... Heat pretreatment process can promote sludge hydrolysis and enhance the degradability of waste sludge. The effect of heat pretreatment at different temperatures on the changes of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), carbohydrates, and proteins and the structural and functional properties of organics in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and dissolved organic matters (DOM) were systematical ...
DOI:: 10.1007/s11356-016-7610-4
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7610-4

81. Use of a lipid rich strain reveals mechanisms of nitrogen limitation and carbon partitioning in the haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea

Author:: Garnier, Matthieu; Bougaran, Gael; Pavlovic, Marija; Berard, Jean-Baptiste; Carrier, Gregory; Charrier, Aurélie; Le Grand, Fabienne; Lukomska, Ewa; Rouxel, Catherine; Schreiber, Nathalie; Cadoret, Jean-Paul; Rogniaux, Hélène; Saint-Jean, Bruno
Source:: Algal research 2016 v.20 pp. 229-248
ISSN:: 2211-9264
Subject:: Haptophyta; carbohydrates; carbon; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; climate; ecophysiology; energy; gluconeogenesis; lipids; microalgae; mitochondria; monophyly; mutants; nitrogen; oceans; phytoplankton; proteins; proteome; proteomics; repletion
Abstract:: ... Haptophytes are a diverse monophyletic group with a worldwide distribution, known to be significantly involved in global climate regulation in their role as a carbon sink. Because nitrogen is a major limiting macronutrient for phytoplankton in oceans and for cultures of microalgae, understanding the involvement of nitrogen availability in haptophyte carbon partitioning is of global and biotechnolo ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.10.017
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2016.10.017

82. Use of potato as carbohydrate source in poultry ration

Author:: Sultana, Fowzia; Khatun, Hafiza; Ali, Mohammad Amdad
Source:: Chemical and biological technologies in agriculture 2016 v.3 no.1 pp. 30
ISSN:: 2196-5641
Subject:: annuals; broiler chickens; carbohydrates; corn; corn meal; crop production; diet; dressing percentage; egg production; egg quality; farmers; feed conversion; industry; laying hens; potatoes; Bangladesh
Abstract:: ... Potato is an extensively cultivated annual crop in Bangladesh. In some years, when the production of potato is surplus, tons of potatoes are damped due to insufficient storage facilities. This study aims at the use of potato in poultry rations that could greatly benefit the potato farmers and poultry industries. Potato meal was incorporated in rations of broiler (Cobb-500) and fayoumi laying hens, ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s40538-016-0081-5
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40538-016-0081-5

83. Weight restoration on a high carbohydrate refeeding diet promotes rapid weight regain and hepatic lipid accumulation in female anorexic rats

Author:: Giles, Erin D.; Hagman, Jennifer; Pan, Zhaoxing; MacLean, Paul S.; Higgins, Janine A.
Source:: Nutrition & metabolism 2016 v.13 no.1 pp. 18
ISSN:: 1743-7075
Subject:: adipose tissue; adolescents; anorexia nervosa; body composition; body weight; calorimetry; carbohydrates; corticosterone; diet; energy intake; females; lipids; liver; metabolites; models; overfeeding; palatability; patients; rats; refeeding; resting energy expenditure; weight gain
Abstract:: ... BACKGROUND: There is currently no standard clinical refeeding diet for the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN). To provide the most efficacious AN clinical care, it is necessary to define the metabolic effects of current refeeding diets. METHODS: An activity-based model of anorexia nervosa (AN) was used in female rats. AN was induced over 7d by timed access to low fat (LF) diet with free access to ...
DOI:: 10.1186/s12986-016-0077-y
PubMed:: 26937246
PubMed Central:: PMC4773993
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-016-0077-y

84. Composition and structure of an antioxidant acetic acid lignin isolated from shoot shell of bamboo (Dendrocalamus Latiforus)

Author:: Gong, Weihua; Xiang, Zhuoya; Ye, Fayin; Zhao, Guohua
Source:: Industrial crops and products 2016 v.91 pp. 340-349
ISSN:: 0926-6690
Subject:: Dendrocalamus; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; acetic acid; agricultural wastes; antioxidant activity; bamboo shoots; bamboos; butylated hydroxytoluene; carbohydrates; cations; free radical scavengers; insoluble fiber; lignin; molecular weight; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; value added; wood
Abstract:: ... Bamboo shoot shell (BSS), which contains a large amount of insoluble fibre and lignin, is the main agricultural waste from the production of bamboo shoots. To utilize this waste in a value-added manner, the acetic acid lignin (AL) fraction from BSS was extracted via a combination of hot water pre-treatment and acetic acid post-treatment in the present study. The chemical composition, structural ch ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.07.023
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.07.023

85. Sleep Duration and Chronic Fatigue Are Differently Associated with the Dietary Profile of Shift Workers

Author:: Heath, Georgina; Coates, Alison; Sargent, Charli; Dorrian, Jillian
Source:: Nutrients 2016 v.8 no.12
ISSN:: 2072-6643
Subject:: body mass index; carbohydrates; energy intake; fat intake; food frequency questionnaires; industry; males; saturated fats; sleep; work schedules
Abstract:: ... Shift work has been associated with dietary changes. This study examined factors associated with the dietary profiles of shift workers from several industries (n = 118, 57 male; age = 43.4 ± 9.9 years) employed on permanent mornings, nights, or rotating 8-h or 12-h shifts. The dietary profile was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Shift-related (e.g., sleep duration and fatigue), work- ...
DOI:: 10.3390/nu8120771
PubMed:: 27916861
PubMed Central:: PMC5188426
: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8120771

86. Synthesis of a trimannosylated-equipped archaeal diether lipid for the development of novel glycoliposomes

Author:: Barbeau, Julie; Lemiègre, Loïc; Quelen, Allan; Malard, Virginie; Gao, Haifei; Gonçalves, Cristine; Berchel, Mathieu; Jaffrès, Paul-Alain; Pichon, Chantal; Midoux, Patrick; Benvegnu, Thierry
Source:: Carbohydrate research 2016 v.435 pp. 142-148
ISSN:: 0008-6215
Subject:: adjuvants; carbohydrates; chemical reactions; lipids
Abstract:: ... An archaeal diether lipid possessing a tri-antenna of α-D-mannopyranoside linked via an oligoethylene spacer to a (2S)-2-(phytanyloxy)-3-(hexadecyloxy)propanoic acid backbone (TriMan-Diether) was designed and synthesized. This new mannosylated lipid inserted in liposomes would show both DC-targeting and adjuvant properties thanks to the TriMan structure and the diether tail part, respectively. ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.10.003
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2016.10.003

87. An integrated salinity-driven workflow for rapid lipid enhancement in green microalgae for biodiesel application

Author:: Satpati, Gour Gopal; Chandra Gorain, Prakash; Paul, Ishita; Pal, Ruma
Source:: RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.113 pp. 112340-112355
ISSN:: 2046-2069
Subject:: Chlorella ellipsoidea; Chlorococcum; biodiesel; biomass; carbohydrates; carbon dioxide fixation; carotenoids; chlorophyll; elemental composition; esters; fatty acid composition; flow cytometry; fluorescence; fuel production; lipid bodies; lipid content; microalgae; myristic acid; oleic acid; palmitic acid; photobioreactors; protein content; salt stress; sodium chloride
Abstract:: ... A laboratory based integrated approach was undertaken for improvement of lipid accumulation in green microalgae under sodium chloride (NaCl) stress. The maximum biomass yields (1.22 ± 0.04 g L⁻¹ in Chlorella and 1.31 ± 0.04 g L⁻¹ in Chlorococcum) were obtained in the media with initial NaCl concentrations at 2 g L⁻¹ (for Chlorella) and 0.05 g L⁻¹ (for Chlorococcum) after 14 days of culture. Intere ...
DOI:: 10.1039/c6ra23933a
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra23933a

88. A randomised-controlled trial of the effects of very low-carbohydrate and high-carbohydrate diets on cognitive performance in patients with type 2 diabetes

Author:: Tay, Jeannie; Zajac, Ian T.; Thompson, Campbell H.; Luscombe-Marsh, Natalie D.; Danthiir, Vanessa; Noakes, Manny; Buckley, Jonathan D.; Wittert, Gary A.; Brinkworth, Grant D.
Source:: The British journal of nutrition 2016 v.116 no.10 pp. 1745-1753
ISSN:: 1475-2662
Subject:: adults; body mass index; body weight; carbohydrates; cognition; disease control; high carbohydrate diet; high fat diet; lifestyle; low fat diet; males; memory; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; patients; randomized clinical trials; strength training; weight loss
Abstract:: ... This study compared the longer-term effects of a very low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet with a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on cognitive performance in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In total, 115 obese adults with T2D (sixty-six males, BMI: 34·6 (sd 4·3) kg/m², age: 58 (sd 7) years, HbA1c: 7·3 (sd 1·1) %, diabetes duration: 8 (sd 6) years) were randomised to consume either an energy-res ...
DOI:: 10.1017/S0007114516004001
PubMed:: 27876096
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114516004001

89. The complexity of soil biological sustainability

Author:: De Nobili, M.; Brookes, P. C.; Sánchez‐Monedero, M. A.; Contin, M.
Source:: Acta horticulturae 2016 no.1146 pp. 69-78
ISSN:: 0567-7572
Subject:: adenosine triphosphate; bioactive properties; biosolids; carbohydrates; carbon; cell respiration; composts; crop residues; energy; energy requirements; food processing wastes; humic acids; lignin; microbial biomass; soil amendments; soil microorganisms; soil separates; United Kingdom
Abstract:: ... Additions of organic amendments to soil not only compensate for decreased soil C, but also contribute to energy requirements for conserving biological activity levels. The soil microbial biomass displays some highly conserved, and possibly unique, characteristics that do not permit a classic interpretation of microbial metabolic parameter data. The resilience of soil microbial biomass and the role ...
DOI:: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1146.9
: http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1146.9

90. Carbohydrate compounds as green corrosion inhibitors: electrochemical, XPS, DFT and molecular dynamics simulation studies

Author:: Yadav, M.; Sarkar, T. K.; Obot, I. B.
Source:: RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.111 pp. 110053-110069
ISSN:: 2046-2069
Subject:: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; atomic force microscopy; carbohydrates; corrosion; electrochemistry; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; hydrochloric acid; molecular dynamics; oil fields; scanning electron microscopy; sorption isotherms; steel
Abstract:: ... Corrosion inhibition and adsorption characteristics of synthesized carbohydrate compounds, namely, 5,6-bis(2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)hydrazono)hexane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (BIHT) and 5,6-bis(2-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hydrazono)hexane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (MIHT) on oil-field N80 steel in 15% HCl were measured by mass loss, polarization, EIS and PZC procedures. The compounds BIHT and MIHT are efficient co ...
DOI:: 10.1039/c6ra24026g
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra24026g

91. Interaction between mercuric chloride and extracellular polymers of biofilm-forming mercury resistant marine bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis PW-05

Author:: Dash, Hirak R.; Das, Surajit
Source:: RSC advances 2016 v.6 no.111 pp. 109793-109802
ISSN:: 2046-2069
Subject:: Bacillus thuringiensis; DNA; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Gibbs free energy; X-ray diffraction; aquatic bacteria; carbohydrates; enthalpy; mercuric chloride; mercury; moieties; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polymers; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; zeta potential
Abstract:: ... The interaction mechanism of mercury (Hg²⁺) with extracellular polymers (EPS) produced from a mercury resistant marine bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis PW-05 was studied. Extracted EPS contained 1546.93 ± 53.63 μg ml⁻¹ of carbohydrate, 156.70 ± 6.77 μg ml⁻¹ of protein and 3.78 ± 0.29 μg ml⁻¹ of DNA. The zeta potential was increased from −9.08 ± 0.12 mV of pristine EPS to −1.39 ± 0.07 mV of mercury ...
DOI:: 10.1039/c6ra21069d
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra21069d

92. Production of High-Yield Bio-oil with a High Effective Hydrogen/Carbon Molar Ratio through Acidolysis and In Situ Hydrogenation

Author:: Huang, Yong; Qiu, Shi; Oduro, Isaac Nartey; Guo, Xuan; Fang, Yunming
Source:: Energy & Fuels 2016 v.30 no.11 pp. 9524-9531
ISSN:: 1520-5029
Subject:: Pinus; acidolysis; biofuels; biomass; carbohydrates; carbon; feedstocks; free radicals; glycosidic linkages; hydrogen; hydrogenation; lignin; methylene chloride; wood
Abstract:: ... This paper integrates acidolysis and in situ hydrogenation of biomass to produce bio-oil featuring a high yield and also a high effective hydrogen/carbon molar ratio (H/Cₑff). A catalytic amount of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (HOTf) is found to be very effective to cleave glycosidic bonds in carbohydrates and β-O-4 bonds in lignin, resulting in the formation of various carbohydrate/lignin-derive ...
DOI:: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b02250
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Facs.energyfuels.6b02250

93. Engineered nanomaterial-mediated changes in the metabolism of terrestrial plants

Author:: Hatami, Mehrnaz; Kariman, Khalil; Ghorbanpour, Mansour
Source:: The Science of the total environment 2016 v.571 pp. 275-291
ISSN:: 0048-9697
Subject:: absorption; adverse effects; alkaloids; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; biotechnology; carbohydrates; chlorophyll; cosmetics; drugs; electronics; elicitors; energy; enzymes; flavonoids; fluorescence; growth and development; medicine; nanomaterials; phenolic compounds; photosynthesis; physicochemical properties; plant growth; plants (botany); proteins; secondary metabolites; solar energy; toxicity
Abstract:: ... Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) possess remarkable physicochemical characteristics suitable for different applications in medicine, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, energy, cosmetics and electronics. Because of their ultrafine size and high surface reactivity, ENMs can enter plant cells and interact with intracellular structures and metabolic pathways which may produce toxicity or promote plant gro ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.184
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.184

94. Fouling control in membrane bioreactors with sewage-sludge based adsorbents

Author:: Villamil, J.A.; Monsalvo, V.M.; Lopez, J.; Mohedano, A.F.; Rodriguez, J.J.
Source:: Water research 2016 v.105 pp. 65-75
ISSN:: 0043-1354
Subject:: activated carbon; adsorbents; adsorption; bioreactors; biosolids; carbohydrates; chemical oxygen demand; cleaning; cost effectiveness; filterability; filtration; fouling; fractionation; molecular weight; proteins; pyrolysis; sewage sludge; wastewater
Abstract:: ... The potential application of powdered activated carbon (PAC) to mitigate membrane fouling has been tested in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) fed with cosmetic wastewater. Inexpensive powder activated carbon was prepared from sewage sludge biosolids (B-PAC) by pyrolysis (750 °C; 0.5 h) and air-activation (400 °C; 2 h). Adsorption capacities of 143 and 570 mg g−1 were reached for carbohydrates and prote ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.059
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.059

95. In field conditions, commercial pigment grade TiO2 was not harmful to terrestrial isopods but reduced leaf litter fragmentation

Author:: Jemec, Anita; Kos, Monika; Drobne, Damjana; Koponen, Ismo Kalevi; Vukić, Jovan; Ferreira, Nuno G.C.; Loureiro, Susana; McShane, Heather V.A.
Source:: The Science of the total environment 2016 v.571 pp. 1128-1135
ISSN:: 0048-9697
Subject:: Porcellio scaber; air; atmospheric deposition; barns; carbohydrates; dose response; energy balance; field experimentation; food choices; leaves; lipids; mortality; palatability; plant litter; proteins; titanium dioxide
Abstract:: ... We investigated the effects of a commercial pigment grade rutile TiO2 on the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber in three locations that differed in terms of abiotic and biotic conditions: the laboratory, open air, and the closed barn. Mortality and isopod energy reserves (digestive gland total proteins, lipids and carbohydrates) were not affected following 14days exposure to up to 1000mg TiO2 per ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.107
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.107

96. Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in the three developmental stages of Trichinella spiralis

Author:: Liu, J.Y.; Zhang, N.Z.; Li, W.H.; Li, L.; Yan, H.B.; Qu, Z.G.; Li, T.T.; Cui, J.M.; Yang, Y.; Jia, W.Z.; Fu, B.Q.
Source:: Veterinary parasitology 2016 v.231 pp. 32-38
ISSN:: 0304-4017
Subject:: Trichinella spiralis; adults; carbohydrates; gene expression regulation; host-parasite relationships; lipids; muscle larvae; neonates; nucleotides; parasites; protein synthesis; proteins; proteomics; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; serine proteinases; sexual maturity; spermatozoa; transcription (genetics); trichinosis; zinc finger motif; zoonoses
Abstract:: ... Trichinella spiralis, an intracellular parasitic nematode, can cause severe foodborne zoonosis, trichinellosis. The life cycle of T. spiralis consists of adult (Ad), muscle larvae (ML) and newborn larvae (NBL). The protein profiles in different developmental stages of the parasite remain unknown. In the present study, proteins from lysates of Ad, ML and NBL were identified by isobaric tags for rel ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.06.021
: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.06.021

97. Effect of whey protein and a free amino acid mixture simulating whey protein on measures of satiety in normal-weight women

Author:: Chungchunlam, Sylvia M. S.; Henare, Sharon J.; Ganesh, Siva; Moughan, Paul J.
Source:: The British journal of nutrition 2016 v.116 no.9 pp. 1666-1673
ISSN:: 1475-2662
Subject:: adults; amino acids; appetite; body mass index; carbohydrates; free amino acids; peptides; protein sources; satiety; test meals; whey; whey protein isolate; women
Abstract:: ... Dietary protein is considered more satiating than carbohydrate, and whey protein is more satiating than other protein sources. The purported satiating effect of whey protein may be due to direct effects of the unique mixture of proteins in whey, due to the effects of peptides released upon digestion and/or its amino acid composition. The objective of the present study was to compare the satiating ...
DOI:: 10.1017/S0007114516003767
PubMed:: 27809945
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114516003767

98. Relevance of Morning and Evening Energy and Macronutrient Intake during Childhood for Body Composition in Early Adolescence

Author:: Diederichs, Tanja; Roßbach, Sarah; Herder, Christian; Alexy, Ute; Buyken, Anette E.
Source:: Nutrients 2016 v.8 no.11
ISSN:: 2072-6643
Subject:: adolescence; carbohydrates; childhood; energy; fat intake; fat mass index; lean body mass; regression analysis
Abstract:: ... (1) Background: This study investigated the relevance of morning and evening energy and macronutrient intake during childhood for body composition in early adolescence; (2) Methods: Analyses were based on data from 372 DONALD (DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed study) participants. Explorative life-course plots were performed to examine whether morning or evening energ ...
DOI:: 10.3390/nu8110716
PubMed:: 27834901
PubMed Central:: PMC5133102
: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8110716

99. AMF association and their effect on metabolite mobilization, mineral nutrition and nitrogen assimilating enzymes in saffron (Crocus sativus) plant

Author:: Lone, Rafiq; Shuab, Razia; Koul, K. K.
Source:: Journal of plant nutrition 2016 v.39 no.13 pp. 1852-1862
ISSN:: 1532-4087
Subject:: Crocus sativus; carbohydrates; corms; enzymes; metabolites; mycorrhizae; mycorrhizal fungi; nitrogen; nutrition; phenolic compounds; pot culture; roots; saffron; symbionts
Abstract:: ... Mycorrhizae are fungal symbionts forming mutualistic relationship with plant roots. Literature about the rhizsospheric mycrorrhizal diversity of saffron and its role in growth, yield and quality of saffron is very scarce. In this study association of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with the saffron plant was analyzed. Saffron plant shows the high incidence of AMF colonization. It was observed t ...
DOI:: 10.1080/01904167.2016.1170850
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2016.1170850

100. Carbohydrates as efficient catalysts for the hydration of α-amino nitriles

Author:: Chitale, Sampada; Derasp, Joshua S.; Hussain, Bashir; Tanveer, Kashif; Beauchemin, André M.
Source:: Chemical communications 2016 v.52 no.89 pp. 13147-13150
ISSN:: 1364-548X
Subject:: carbohydrates; catalytic activity; chemical reactions; enantiomers; formaldehyde; nitrile hydratase; nitriles; organocatalysts; sodium hydroxide
Abstract:: ... Directed hydration of α-amino nitriles was achieved under mild conditions using simple carbohydrates as catalysts exploiting temporary intramolecularity. A broadly applicable procedure using both formaldehyde and NaOH as catalysts efficiently hydrated a variety of primary and secondary susbtrates, and allowed the hydration of enantiopure substrates to proceed without racemization. This work also p ...
DOI:: 10.1039/c6cc07530d
: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc07530d

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1. Evaluation of suitability of substituting wheat flour with sweet potato and tiger nut flours in bread making

2. Hydrolysis of Dicaffeoylquinic Acids from Ilex kudingcha Happens in the Colon by Intestinal Microbiota

3. Intake of n-3 fatty acids and long-term outcome in renal transplant recipients: a post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study

4. Isoxazolidine: A Privileged Scaffold for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry

5. Alterations in Hemolymph Carbohydrate and Lipid Composition of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Induced by Parasitism and Venom of Pimpla turionellae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

6. Cyantraniliprole at Sublethal Dosages Negatively Affects the Development, Reproduction, and Nutrient Utilization of Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

7. Fluorescent glycoprobes: a sweet addition for improved sensing

8. A comprehensive and comparative GC–MS metabolomics study of non-volatiles in Tanzanian grown mango, pineapple, jackfruit, baobab and tamarind fruits

9. Energy reserves and cellular energy allocation studies: Should food supply be provided?

10. Molecular composition of soil organic matter with land-use change along a bi-continental mean annual temperature gradient

11. Potassium silicate alleviates deleterious effects of salinity on two strawberry cultivars grown under soilless pot culture

12. Demystifying carbohydrate allocation to storage in fruit trees

13. Analysis of Metabolites in Stem Parasitic Plant Interactions: Interaction of <em>Cuscuta–Momordica</em> versus <em>Cassytha–Ipomoea</em>

14. Are enzymes sensitive to the multivalent effect? Emerging evidence with glycosidases

15. α-Galactosides present in lupin flour affect several metabolic parameters in Wistar rats

16. Pod Mildew on Soybeans Can Mitigate the Damage to the Seed Arising from Field Mold at Harvest Time

17. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Requires a Phosphate Transceptor in the Gigaspora margarita Fungal Symbiont

18. Variation and Correlations among European and North American Orchardgrass Germplasm for Herbage Yield and Nutritive Value

19. Biochemical Changes in Nostoc linckia Associated with Selenium Nanoparticles Biosynthesis

20. Comprehensive structure-selective characterization of dissolved organic matter by reducing molecular complexity and increasing analytical dimensions

21. Development of hyaline spheres in late auriculariae of sandfish, Holothuria scabra: Is it a reliable indicator of subsequent performance?

22. In situ quantitative 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy discriminates between raw and steam cooked potato strips based on their metabolites

23. Kinetics of thermophilic acidogenesis of typical Brazilian sugarcane vinasse

24. Subjective mood and energy levels of healthy weight and overweight/obese healthy adults on high-and low-glycemic load experimental diets

25. A cost or a benefit? Counterintuitive effects of diet quality and cadmium in Lymnaea stagnalis

26. Advances in understanding the mechanisms of mercury toxicity in wild golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) by 1H NMR-based metabolomics

27. Apparent nutrient digestibility of two raw diets in domestic kittens

28. A QTL on the short arm of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) chromosome 3B affects the stability of grain weight in plants exposed to a brief heat shock early in grain filling

29. A single-CRD C-type lectin is important for bacterial clearance in the silkworm

30. Assessment of artificial substrates for evaluating groundwater microbial quality

31. A systematic review and meta-analysis of carbohydrate benefits associated with randomized controlled competition-based performance trials

32. Carbohydrate productivity in continuous reactor under nitrogen limitation: Effect of light and residence time on nutrient uptake in Chlorella vulgaris

33. Carbon dioxide assimilation and photosynthetic electron transport of tea leaves under nitrogen deficiency

34. Changes in key photosynthetic parameters of olive trees following soil tillage and wastewater irrigation, modified olive oil quality

35. CO2 leakage from carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) systems affects organic matter cycling in surface marine sediments

36. Comparative proteomics illustrates the complexity of drought resistance mechanisms in two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars under dehydration and rehydration

37. Comparative study of the physicochemical, compositional and functional properties of eight flours obtained from different plant materials found in Colombia

38. Comparison of maternal isocaloric high carbohydrate and high fat diets on osteogenic and adipogenic genes expression in adolescent mice offspring

39. Comparison of Volatiles and Mosquito Capture Efficacy For Three Carbohydrate Sources In A Yeast-Fermentation CO2 Generator

40. Critical evaluation of food intake and energy balance in young modern pentathlon athletes: a cross-sectional study

41. Dietary protein and carbohydrate requirement of juvenile Hawaiian limpet (Cellana sandwicensis Pease, 1861) fed practical diet

42. Diving response after a one-week diet and overnight fasting

43. Effect of bitter gourd (Cucurbitaceae) foliar constituents on development and reproduction of Epilachna dodecastigma (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

44. Effect of high dietary fat content on heat production and lipid and protein deposition in growing immunocastrated male pigs

45. Effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculants on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silage quality: assessment of degradation (in situ) and gas production (in vitro)

46. Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of TiO2 Nanoparticles Affected Cell Viability and Photosynthetic Yield in the Chlorophyceae Scenedesmus bijugus

47. Ethanol and its Halal status in food industries

48. Evaluation of botanical and chemical composition of sheep diet by using faecal near infrared spectroscopy

49. Evidence of a bacterial core in the stored products pest Plodia interpunctella: the influence of different diets

50. Fitness and physiology of Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) in relation to the health of the eastern hemlock

51. Fungal endophyte association with Brachiaria grasses and its influence on plant water status, total non-structural carbohydrates and biomass production under drought stress

52. Genetic manipulation of putrescine biosynthesis reprograms the cellular transcriptome and the metabolome

53. Harvesting of freshwater microalgae with microbial bioflocculant: a pilot-scale study

54. Health relevance of intestinal protein fermentation in young pigs

55. In a single-blind, matched group design: branched-chain amino acid supplementation and resistance training maintains lean body mass during a caloric restricted diet

56. Inflammatory state of periaortic adipose tissue in mice under obesogenic dietary regimens

57. Insights into the biodiversity of the gut microbiota of broiler chickens

58. Interaction between FTO gene variants and lifestyle factors on metabolic traits in an Asian Indian population

59. Lectin I from Bauhinia variegata (BVL-I) expressed by Pichia pastoris inhibits initial adhesion of oral bacteria in vitro

60. Lipid extraction from wet Chaetoceros muelleri culture and evaluation of remaining defatted biomass

61. Little effects on soil organic matter chemistry of density fractions after seven years of forest soil warming

62. Metagenomic analysis and functional characterization of the biogas microbiome using high throughput shotgun sequencing and a novel binning strategy

63. Monetary value of self-reported diets and associations with sociodemographic characteristics and dietary intake among Japanese adults: analysis of nationally representative surveys

64. Monitoring for compliance with a ketogenic diet: what is the best time of day to test for urinary ketosis?

65. Mortality and nematode production in Spodoptera littoralis larvae in relation to dual infection with Steinernema riobrave, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, and Beauveria bassiana, and the host plant

66. Multivitamins and minerals modulate whole-body energy metabolism and cerebral blood-flow during cognitive task performance: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

67. Natural lactic acid bacteria population of tropical grasses and their fermentation factor analysis of silage prepared with cellulase and inoculant

68. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal coupled with carbohydrate production by five microalgae cultures cultivated in biogas slurry

69. Post-exercise branched chain amino acid supplementation does not affect recovery markers following three consecutive high intensity resistance training bouts compared to carbohydrate supplementation

70. Protein intake during training sessions has no effect on performance and recovery during a strenuous training camp for elite cyclists