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1. Influence of salinity and boron on germination, seedling growth and transplanting mortality of guayule: A combined growth chamber and greenhouse study

Author:
Zhu, Hui; Bañuelos, Gary
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2016 v.92 pp. 236-243
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Parthenium argentatum; alternative crops; boron; drought tolerance; electrical conductivity; germination; greenhouse experimentation; greenhouse production; greenhouses; growth chambers; guayule; mortality; salinity; seedling growth; seedlings; semiarid zones; soil; vigor; California; Mexico;     Show all 21 Subjects
Abstract:
... Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray), a drought tolerant plant, originating from southwestern United States and northern Mexico, is considered to be a promising rubber-producing plant for arid and semiarid areas. To evaluate the potential of guayule as an alternative crop for saline boron-laden soils in the West side of central California, four experiments were conducted to evaluate germination ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.07.027

2. Decadal shifts in grass and woody plant cover are driven by prolonged drying and modified by topo‐edaphic properties

Author:
Munson, Seth M.; Sankey, Temuulen T.; Xian, George; Villarreal, Miguel L.; Homer, Collin G.
Source:
Ecological applications 2016 v.26 no.8 pp. 2478-2492
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Larrea tridentata; Prosopis; annuals; arid lands; available water capacity; clay; climate change; climatic factors; drying; ecological function; ecosystems; grasses; land degradation; perennials; summer; trees; vegetation types; woody plants; Sonoran Desert;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... Woody plant encroachment and overall declines in perennial vegetation in dryland regions can alter ecosystem properties and indicate land degradation, but the causes of these shifts remain controversial. Determining how changes in the abundance and distribution of grass and woody plants are influenced by conditions that regulate water availability at a regional scale provides a baseline to compare ...
DOI:
10.1002/eap.1389

3. First detection of Onchocerca lupi infection in dogs in southern Spain

Author:
Miró, Guadalupe; Montoya, Ana; Checa, Rocío; Gálvez, Rosa; Mínguez, Juan José; Marino, Valentina; Otranto, Domenico
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2016 v.9 no.1 pp. 290
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Onchocerca; dog diseases; dogs; epidemiology; geographical distribution; light microscopy; magnetic resonance imaging; parasites; physicians; polymerase chain reaction; sediments; sodium chloride; ultrasonography; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Iran; Northern European region; Portugal; Romania; Spain; Tunisia; Turkey (country); Western European region;     Show all 25 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Onchocerca lupi causes ocular pathology of varying severity in dogs from south-western United States, western Europe and northern Asia. This filarioid has also been recognized as a zoonotic agent in Tunisia, Turkey, Iran and the USA, though the information about the biology and epidemiology of this infection is largely unknown. In Europe, O. lupi has been reported in dogs from Germany, ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13071-016-1587-1
PubMed:
27193758
PubMed Central:
PMC4872350

4. Hot and bothered: Using trait-based approaches to assess climate change vulnerability in reptiles

Author:
Böhm, Monika; Cook, Daniel; Ma, Heidi; Davidson, Ana D.; García, Andrés; Tapley, Benjamin; Pearce-Kelly, Paul; Carr, Jamie
Source:
Biological conservation 2016 v.204 pp. 32-41
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; climate change; extinction; habitat destruction; habitats; natural resources conservation; reptiles; risk; species diversity; vulnerable species; Central Asia; India; South America; Sri Lanka;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... One-fifth of the world's reptiles are currently estimated as threatened with extinction, primarily due to the immediate threats of habitat loss and overexploitation. Climate change presents an emerging slow-acting threat. However, few IUCN Red List assessments for reptiles explicitly consider the potential role of climate change as a threat. Thus, climate change vulnerability assessments can compl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2016.06.002

5. Increasing aeolian dust deposition to snowpacks in the Rocky Mountains inferred from snowpack, wet deposition, and aerosol chemistry

Author:
Clow, David W.; Williams, Mark W.; Schuster, Paul F.
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2016 v.146 pp. 183-194
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; aerosols; alkalinity; atmospheric chemistry; calcium; carbonate minerals; climate; drought; dry environmental conditions; dust emissions; global warming; humans; land use change; latitude; models; monitoring; people; rain; risk; snow; snowmelt; snowpack; spring; summer; water shortages; wet deposition; winter; Northern Africa; Rocky Mountain region;     Show all 29 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mountain snowpacks are a vital natural resource for ∼1.5 billion people in the northern Hemisphere, helping to meet human and ecological demand for water in excess of that provided by summer rain. Springtime warming and aeolian dust deposition accelerate snowmelt, increasing the risk of water shortages during late summer, when demand is greatest. While climate networks provide data that can be use ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.076

6. Some years you live like a coyote: Gendered practices of cultural resilience in working rangeland landscapes

Author:
Wilmer, Hailey; Fernández-Giménez, María E.
Source:
Ambio 2016 v.45 no.Supplement 3 pp. 363-372
ISSN:
0044-7447
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Canis latrans; humans; interviews; landscapes; life history; livelihood; public lands; ranchers; ranching; rangelands; women;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rangeland researchers are increasingly interested in understanding working rangelands as integrated social–ecological systems and in investigating the contexts of human decision-making processes that support system resilience. U.S. public lands ranchers are key partners in rangeland conservation, but the role of women in building system resilience has not yet been explored. We conducted life-histo ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13280-016-0835-0
PubMed:
27878540
PubMed Central:
PMC5120027

7. Thousand Cankers Disease Complex: A Forest Health Issue that Threatens <em>Juglans</em> Species across the U.S.

Author:
Daniels, Dixie A.; Nix, Katheryne A.; Wadl, Phillip A.; Vito, Lisa M.; Wiggins, Gregory J.; Windham, Mark T.; Ownley, Bonnie H.; Lambdin, Paris L.; Grant, Jerome F.; Merten, Paul; Klingeman, William E.; Hadziabdic, Denita
Source:
Forests 2016 v.7 no.11
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Geosmithia morbida; Juglans nigra; Pityophthorus juglandis; Pterocarya; biological control agents; chemical treatment; forest health; fungi; gene interaction; genome; mortality; pathogenicity; quarantine; sanitation; trees; walnuts; Midwestern United States; Tennessee;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Thousand Cankers Disease (TCD) is a disease complex wherein the fungus (Geosmithia morbida) is vectored by the walnut twig beetle (WTB, Pityophthorus juglandis). The disease causes mortality primarily of eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra), although other walnut and wingnut (Pterocarya) species are also susceptible. Black walnut is native to the Eastern and Midwestern U.S. but is widely planted i ...
DOI:
10.3390/f7110260
CHORUS:
10.3390/f7110260

8. Assessing the role of climate and resource management on groundwater dependent ecosystem changes in arid environments with the Landsat archive

Author:
Huntington, Justin; McGwire, Kenneth; Morton, Charles; Snyder, Keirith; Peterson, Sarah; Erickson, Tyler; Niswonger, Richard; Carroll, Rosemary; Smith, Guy; Allen, Richard
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2016 v.185 pp. 186-197
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Landsat; air temperature; data collection; drought; dry environmental conditions; ecosystem services; ecosystems; environmental monitoring; evaporative demand; groundwater; habitats; landscapes; managers; meadows; meteorological data; normalized difference vegetation index; phreatophytes; plant communities; range management; reflectance; remote sensing; resource management; riparian areas; semiarid zones; shrublands; summer; temporal variation; time series analysis; vigor; water management; water table;     Show all 32 Subjects
Abstract:
... Groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs) rely on near-surface groundwater. These systems are receiving more attention with rising air temperature, prolonged drought, and where groundwater pumping captures natural groundwater discharge for anthropogenic use. Phreatophyte shrublands, meadows, and riparian areas are GDEs that provide critical habitat for many sensitive species, especially in arid and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2016.07.004

9. Biophysical influences on the spatial distribution of fire in the desert grassland region of the southwestern USA

Author:
Levi, Matthew R.; Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.
Source:
Landscape ecology 2016 v.31 no.9 pp. 2079-2095
ISSN:
0921-2973
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; atmospheric precipitation; climate; climate change; ecoregions; ecosystems; fire season; fires; grasslands; highlands; landscapes; plant available water; politics; prediction; shrubs; soil texture; topography; urban development; water holding capacity; Chihuahuan Desert;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... CONTEXT: Fire is an important driver of ecological processes in semiarid systems and serves a vital role in shrub-grass interactions. In desert grasslands of the southwestern US, the loss of fire has been implicated as a primary cause of shrub encroachment. Where fires can currently be re-introduced given past state changes and recent restoration actions, however, is unknown and controversial. OBJ ...

10. Interactions between temperature and intercellular CO2 concentration in controlling leaf isoprene emission rates

Author:
Monson, Russell K.; Neice, Amberly A.; Trahan, Nicole A.; Shiach, Ian; McCorkel, Joel T.; Moore, David J.P.
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 2016 v.39 no.11 pp. 2404-2413
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; carbon dioxide; chloroplasts; emissions; growing season; hybrids; isoprene; leaves; monsoon season; phosphates; photochemistry; summer; temperature; trees; weather; Sonoran Desert;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plant isoprene emissions have been linked to several reaction pathways involved in atmospheric photochemistry. Evidence exists from a limited set of past observations that isoprene emission rate (Iₛ) decreases as a function of increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentration, and that increased temperature suppresses the CO₂ effect. We studied interactions between intercellular CO₂ concentration (Cᵢ) and ...
DOI:
10.1111/pce.12787

11. Life history and geographical distribution of the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis (Coleoptera: Scolytinae), in southern Europe

Author:
Faccoli, M.; Simonato, M.; Rassati, D.
Source:
Journal of applied entomology 2016 v.140 no.9 pp. 697-705
ISSN:
0931-2048
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Geosmithia morbida; Juglans; Pityophthorus juglandis; adults; biological control; chemical treatment; fungi; genetic variation; geographical distribution; indigenous species; life history; mortality; pathogens; phenology; plantations; surveys; walnuts; Italy; Mexico; Southern European region;     Show all 21 Subjects
Abstract:
... In September 2013, the walnut twig beetle (WTB) Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman, a species native to Mexico and south‐western USA, was recorded for the first time in Europe, in northern Italy. The collected adults were found to be vector of the fungus Geosmithia morbida Kolařik, Freeland, Utley & Tisserat, an aggressive pathogen causing thousand cankers disease in walnut (Juglans spp.). To determ ...
DOI:
10.1111/jen.12299

12. The Brachypterous Ground-Litter-Inhabiting Species of Rhyopsocus Hagen (Psocodea: ‘Psocoptera’: Trogiomorpha: Psoquillidae) from Southwestern United States, Mexico, and Guatemala, with Descriptions of Two New Species

Author:
Mockford, Edward L.
Source:
Transactions of the American Entomological Society 2016 v.142 no.2 pp. 215-235
ISSN:
0002-8320
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Psocodea; new species; Guatemala; Mexico;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work is aimed at the species-level identification of the brachypterous forms of the genus Rhyopsocus found primarily in ground litter throughout southwestern United States, Mexico, and Guatemala. Characters for separation of species used in the present study and in past studies are reviewed critically. A revised definition of Rhyopsocus is given, based in part on venation of macropterous form ...
DOI:
10.3157/061.142.0201

13. Host plant preference of Lygus hesperus exposed to three desert-adapted industrial crops

Author:
Hagler, James R.; Tassone, Erica E.; Coffelt, Terry A.; Lipka, Alexander E.
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2016 v.89 pp. 363-367
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Camelina sativa; Lygus hesperus; Physaria fendleri; adults; arthropod communities; biofuels; choice feeding; crop production; eggs; feedstocks; flowering; host plants; industrial crops; insect pests; new crops; population dynamics;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... The desert-adapted crops vernonia (Centrapalus pauciflorus), lesquerella (Physaria fendleri), and camelina (Camelina sativa) are being grown in the arid southwestern USA as potential feedstock for biofuel and/or other environmentally friendly products. A plant feeding choice test was conducted to determine the relative attractiveness of these three “new” crops to a possible insect pest, Lygus hesp ...
Handle:
10113/62962
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.05.041

14. Vegetation of semi-stable rangeland dunes of the Navajo Nation, Southwestern USA

Author:
Thomas, Kathryn A.; Redsteer, Margaret H.
Source:
Arid land research and management 2016 v.30 no.4 pp. 400-411
ISSN:
1532-4990
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; C4 photosynthesis; Salsola; annuals; deflation; drought; dry environmental conditions; dunes; grasses; introduced plants; perennials; plateaus; rangelands; sand; shrubs; temperature; vegetation;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dune destabilization and increased mobility is a worldwide issue causing ecological, economic, and health problems for the inhabitants of areas with extensive dune fields. Dunes cover nearly a third of the Navajo Nation within the Colorado Plateau of southwestern USA. There, higher temperatures and prolonged drought beginning in 1996 have produced significant increases in dune mobility. Vegetation ...
DOI:
10.1080/15324982.2016.1138157

15. Campylostelium (Ptychomitriaceae) In the Southwestern United States: Campylostelium laegerae sp. nov. and C. pitardii New To the Americas

Author:
Brinda, John C.; Toren, David R.; Shevock, James R.
Source:
Madroño 2016 v.63 no.4 pp. 353-358
ISSN:
0024-9637
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; new species; scientific illustration; taxon descriptions; South America;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Two species of the genus Campylostelium Bruch & Schimp. are reported for the southwestern United States. Campylostelium laegerae Brinda, D.R. Toren & Shevock, sp. nov. is described and illustrated. Campylostelium pitardii (Corb.) E. Maier is reported as new to the Americas. Additional notes about the genus are provided, including a species key. ...
DOI:
10.3120/0024-9637-63.4.353

16. Genetic variation in Pinus strobiformis growth and drought tolerance from southwestern US populations

Author:
Goodrich, Betsy A.; Waring, Kristen M.; Kolb, Thomas E.
Source:
Tree physiology 2016 v.36 no.10 pp. 1219-1235
ISSN:
1758-4469
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Pinus strobiformis; climate change; drought; drought tolerance; forest pathogens; genetic variation; multidimensional scaling; seedlings; stomatal conductance; tree physiology; trees; water stress; water use efficiency;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The persistence of some tree species is threatened by combinations of novel abiotic and biotic stressors. To examine the hypothesis that Pinus strobiformis Engelm., a tree threatened by an invasive forest pathogen and a changing climate, exhibits intraspecific genetic variation in adaptive traits, we conducted a common garden study of seedlings at one location with two watering regimes using 24 po ...
DOI:
10.1093/treephys/tpw052

17. Intra‐population variation in the natal origins and wing morphology of overwintering western monarch butterflies Danaus plexippus

Author:
Yang, Louie H.; Ostrovsky, Dmitry; Rogers, Matthew C.; Welker, Jeffery M.
Source:
Ecography 2016 v.39 no.10 pp. 998-1007
ISSN:
0906-7590
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Danaus plexippus; animals; coasts; data collection; habitats; hydrogen; keratin; migratory behavior; migratory species; overwintering; species recruitment; stable isotopes; wings; California;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Understanding the natal origins of migratory animals is critical for understanding their population dynamics and conservation. However, quantitative estimates of population recruitment from different natal habitats can be difficult to assess for many species, especially those with large geographic ranges. These limitations hinder the evaluation of alternative hypotheses about the key movements and ...
DOI:
10.1111/ecog.01994

18. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of kernel anthocyanins from southwestern United States blue corn

Author:
Nankar, Amol N; Dungan, Barry; Paz, Neil; Sudasinghe, Nilusha; Schaub, Tanner; Holguin, F Omar; Pratt, Richard C
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2016 v.96 no.13 pp. 4542-4552
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; anthocyanins; antioxidant activity; corn; cyanidin; genotype; human nutrition; landraces; pelargonidin; pigmentation; seeds; specialty crops; Ohio;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Anthocyanin‐rich blue corn is an emerging specialty crop in the USA. The antioxidant properties of blue corn offer health benefits in the human diet. The objectives of this study were to identify, characterize and quantify the anthocyanins from blue corn. Hypotheses tested were that total anthocyanin content was similar among southwestern US accessions and that it would vary across loc ...
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.7671
CHORUS:
10.1002/jsfa.7671

19. Spreaders, igniters, and burning shrubs: plant flammability explains novel fire dynamics in grass‐invaded deserts

Author:
Fuentes‐Ramirez, Andres; Veldman, Joseph W.; Holzapfel, Claus; Moloney, Kirk A.
Source:
Ecological applications 2016 v.26 no.7 pp. 2311-2322
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Ambrosia dumosa; Amsinckia; Bromus madritensis; Larrea tridentata; Schismus; branches; burning; dead wood; deserts; ecosystems; fire regime; fire spread; fires; flammability; fuels; global change; grasses; humans; indigenous species; introduced plants; invasive species; laboratory experimentation; landscapes; models; shrubs; spreaders; temperature;     Show all 28 Subjects
Abstract:
... Novel fire regimes are an important cause and consequence of global environmental change that involve interactions among biotic, climatic, and human components of ecosystems. Plant flammability is key to these interactions, yet few studies directly measure flammability or consider how multiple species with different flammabilities interact to produce novel fire regimes. Deserts of the southwestern ...
DOI:
10.1002/eap.1371

20. The Impact of a Home-Based Diabetes Prevention and Management Program on High-Risk American Indian Youth

Author:
Kenney, Anne; Chambers, Rachel A.; Rosenstock, Summer; Neault, Nicole; Richards, Jennifer; Reid, Raymond; Nelson, Leonela; Begay, Marissa; Grass, Ryan; Parker, Sean; Barlow, Allison
Source:
TheDiabetes educator 2016 v.42 no.5 pp. 585-595
ISSN:
1554-6063
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; American Indians; body mass index; diabetes; hypertension; mental depression; quality of life; youth; youth at risk;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a home-based diabetes prevention and management program on high-risk American Indian youth. Together on Diabetes (TOD) was designed via a participatory approach with 4 tribal communities in the southwestern United States. A multisite pre- and postevaluation design was used to evaluate the efficacy of the TOD intervention on improving youth’s p ...
DOI:
10.1177/0145721716658357

21. Valuing instream-related services of wastewater

Author:
Weber, Matthew A.; Meixner, Thomas; Stromberg, Juliet C.
Source:
Ecosystem services 2016 v.21 pp. 59-71
ISSN:
2212-0416
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; case studies; decision making; ecosystem services; habitats; logit analysis; motivation; riparian forests; rivers; stream flow; trees; wastewater; water quality; water treatment;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the southwestern US water resources are increasingly scarce, leaving perennial habitats and associated environmental amenities vulnerable to off-channel water demands. To provide management insight, the value of two instream flow related ecosystem services are estimated for two river reaches, for two separate population centers. The specific services are preservation of instream flow extent and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.07.016

22. Application of a Stated Choice Approach to Assessing Public Preferences for Wildlife Conservation Funding

Author:
Dayer, Ashley A.; Bright, Alan D.; Teel, Tara L.; Manfredo, Michael J.
Source:
Human dimensions of wildlife 2016 v.21 no.5 pp. 379-390
ISSN:
1533-158X
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; funding; models; resource allocation; surveys; wildlife management;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Limited funds for wildlife conservation require difficult choices about allocation of resources. One consideration is public preferences. While traditional attitudinal approaches can provide information about preferences for conservation efforts aimed at individual species, stated choice models offer a more suitable approach for exploring the complexity of public support across multiple species, t ...
DOI:
10.1080/10871209.2016.1169565

23. Incorporating plant phenological trajectory in exotic saltcedar detection with monthly time series of Landsat imagery

Author:
Diao, Chunyuan; Wang, Le
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2016 v.182 pp. 60-71
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Landsat; Tamarix; biocenosis; cost effectiveness; flowering; leaves; monitoring; normalized difference vegetation index; phenology; remote sensing; riparian areas; time series analysis;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Over the past century, non-native saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) has expanded into most of riparian zones of the southwestern United States and posed significant threats to the native biotic communities. Repeated monitoring of saltcedar distribution over region-wide geographic areas is urgently essential for conservation agencies to develop cost-effective control strategies. Current studies have mostly ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2016.04.029

24. Changes in US background ozone due to global anthropogenic emissions from 1970 to 2020

Author:
Nopmongcol, Uarporn; Jung, Jaegun; Kumar, Naresh; Yarwood, Greg
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2016 v.140 pp. 446-455
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; National Ambient Air Quality Standards; air quality; at-risk population; atmospheric chemistry; climate change; coasts; emissions; meteorology; models; ozone; rural areas; Asia; Mexico; Northeastern United States;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Estimates of North American and US Background (NAB and USB) ozone (O3) are critical in setting and implementing the US National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and therefore influence population exposure to O3 across the US. NAB is defined as the O3 concentration in the absence of anthropogenic O3 precursor emissions from North America whereas USB excludes anthropogenic emissions inside the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.026

25. Clonal Expansion and Migration of a Highly Virulent, Defoliating Lineage of Verticillium dahliae

Author:
Milgroom, Michael G.; del Mar Jiménez-Gasco, María; Olivares-García, Concepción; Jiménez-Díaz, Rafael M.
Source:
Phytopathology 2016 v.106 no.9 pp. 1038-1046
ISSN:
0031-949X
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Verticillium dahliae; basins; clones; cotton; crops; defoliation; fungi; genotyping; haplotypes; host range; metagenomics; okra; olives; pathogens; pathotypes; phylogeny; population growth; population structure; single nucleotide polymorphism; virulence; wilting;     Show all 22 Subjects
Abstract:
... We used a population genomics approach to test the hypothesis of clonal expansion of a highly fit genotype in populations of Verticillium dahliae. This fungal pathogen has a broad host range and can be dispersed in contaminated seed or other plant material. It has a highly clonal population structure, with several lineages having nearly worldwide distributions in agricultural crops. Isolates in li ...
DOI:
10.1094/PHYTO-11-15-0300-R

26. Population genomic evidence for multiple Pliocene refugia in a montane‐restricted harvestman (Arachnida, Opiliones, Sclerobunus robustus) from the southwestern United States

Author:
Derkarabetian, Shahan; Burns, Mercedes; Starrett, James; Hedin, Marshal
Source:
Molecular ecology 2016 v.25 no.18 pp. 4611-4631
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Opiliones; genetic analysis; genetic variation; highlands; latitude; models; niches; phylogeny; phylogeography; plateaus; refuge habitats; Rocky Mountain region;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... The integration of ecological niche modelling into phylogeographic analyses has allowed for the identification and testing of potential refugia under a hypothesis‐based framework, where the expected patterns of higher genetic diversity in refugial populations and evidence of range expansion of nonrefugial populations are corroborated with empirical data. In this study, we focus on a montane‐restri ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.13789

27. Temperature is better than precipitation as a predictor of plant community assembly across a dryland region

Author:
Butterfield, Bradley J.; Munson, Seth M.
Source:
Journal of vegetation science 2016 v.27 no.5 pp. 938-947
ISSN:
1100-9233
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; algorithms; arid lands; climatic factors; drought; ecosystems; heat; interspecific variation; models; niches; plant communities; temperature;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... QUESTION: How closely do plant communities track climate? Research suggests that plant species converge toward similar environmental tolerances relative to the environments that they experience. Whether these patterns apply to severe environments or scale up to plant community‐level patterns of relative climatic tolerances is poorly understood. Using estimates of species' climatic tolerances acqui ...
DOI:
10.1111/jvs.12440

28. What happens in Vegas, better stay in Vegas: Phragmites australis hybrids in the Las Vegas Wash

Author:
Saltonstall, Kristin; Lambert, Adam M.; Rice, Nick
Source:
Biological invasions 2016 v.18 no.9 pp. 2463-2474
ISSN:
1387-3547
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Phragmites australis; backcrossing; ecological invasion; erosion control; habitats; hybridization; hybrids; indigenous species; introduced species; land restoration; plants (botany); rhizomes; sediments; shorelines; urbanization; watersheds; wetlands; Colorado River; Lake Mead;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... While hybridization between Native and Introduced Phragmites australis has not been documented across much of North America, it poses an ongoing threat to Native P. australis across its range. This is especially true for native populations in the biologically rich, but sparsely distributed wetlands of the southwest United States, which are among the most imperiled systems in North America. We iden ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10530-016-1167-5

29. Urban Heat Stress Vulnerability in the U.S. Southwest: The Role of Sociotechnical Systems

Author:
Pincetl, Stephanie; Chester, Mikhail; Eisenman, David
Source:
Sustainability 2016 v.8 no.9
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; at-risk population; buildings; cities; climate change; electricity generation; heat; heat stress; landscapes; pipes; power plants; roads; urban population;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Heat vulnerability of urban populations is becoming a major issue of concern with climate change, particularly in the cities of the Southwest United States. In this article we discuss the importance of understanding coupled social and technical systems, how they constitute one another, and how they form the conditions and circumstances in which people experience heat. We discuss the particular sit ...
DOI:
10.3390/su8090842

30. Engaging Southwestern Tribes in Sustainable Water Resources Topics and Management

Author:
Chief, Karletta; Meadow, Alison; Whyte, Kyle
Source:
Water 2016 v.8 no.8
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; climate change; drought; ecosystems; ethics; indigenous peoples; mining; politics; socioeconomics; traditions; water management; water resources; water rights;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Indigenous peoples in North America have a long history of understanding their societies as having an intimate relationship with their physical environments. Their cultures, traditions, and identities are based on the ecosystems and sacred places that shape their world. Their respect for their ancestors and ‘Mother Earth’ speaks of unique value and knowledge systems different than the value and kn ...
DOI:
10.3390/w8080350

31. Post-eruptive sediment transport and surface processes on unvegetated volcanic hillslopes – A case study of Black Tank scoria cone, Cima Volcanic Field, California

Author:
Kereszturi, Gábor; Németh, Károly
Source:
Geomorphology 2016 v.267 pp. 59-75
ISSN:
0169-555X
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; case studies; landscapes; mathematical models; overland flow; sediment transport; semiarid zones; topographic slope; California;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Conical volcanic edifices that are made up from lapilli to block/bomb pyroclastic successions, such as scoria cones, are widespread in terrestrial and extraterrestrial settings. Eruptive processes responsible for establishing the final facies architecture of a scoria cone are not well linked to numerical simulations of their post-eruptive sediment transport. Using sedimentological, geomorphic and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.05.023

32. A Paradox of Plenty: Renewable Energy on Navajo Nation Lands

Author:
Pasqualetti, Martin J.; Jones, Thomas E.; Necefer, Len; Scott, Christopher A.; Colombi, Benedict J.
Source:
Society & natural resources 2016 v.29 no.8 pp. 885-899
ISSN:
1521-0723
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; energy; politics; renewable energy sources;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... A persistent paradox in the global boom of renewable energy revolves around how little of its vast potential has been developed on Native American lands. For economic and environmental reasons, attempts to reverse this pattern are on the rise. Such plans will encounter many unique conditions, particularly those related to tribal norms, customs, and histories. This article examines the prospect of ...
DOI:
10.1080/08941920.2015.1107794

33. Evapotranspiration changes with irrigation using saline groundwater and RO concentrate

Author:
Flores, Alison M.; Shukla, Manoj K.; Daniel, David; Ulery, April L.; Schutte, Brian J.; Picchioni, Geno A.; Fernald, Sam
Source:
Journal of arid environments 2016 v.131 pp. 35-45
ISSN:
0140-1963
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Atriplex canescens; Distichlis spicata var. stricta; Hordeum vulgare; Lepidium; Panicum virgatum; aboveground biomass; clay; desalination; drought; dry environmental conditions; evapotranspiration; freshwater; greenhouse experimentation; groundwater; irrigation; irrigation water; leaching; planting; reverse osmosis; saline water; salt tolerance; sand; soil; water salinity;     Show all 25 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the arid southwestern United States, water is scarce. Drought and diminishing freshwater have created a need for alternate water sources. Reverse osmosis (RO) is used to desalinate groundwater but results in highly saline concentrate. This study investigates reusing RO concentrate as an irrigation source for salt-tolerant plants. The objective was to evaluate the evapotranspiration (ET), leachi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.04.003

34. Legacy effects of drought in the southwestern United States: A multi‐species synthesis

Author:
Peltier, Drew M. P.; Fell, Michael; Ogle, Kiona
Source:
Ecological monographs 2016 v.86 no.3 pp. 312-326
ISSN:
0012-9615
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Abies concolor; Pinus ponderosa; Quercus; climate change; climatic factors; conifers; databases; drought; drought tolerance; evapotranspiration; forest health; growth rings; models; soil water; temperature; tree growth;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Understanding impacts of drought on tree growth and forest health is of major concern given projected climate change. Droughts may become more common in the Southwest due to extreme temperatures that will drive increased evapotranspiration and lower soil moisture, in combination with uncertain precipitation changes. Utilizing ~1.3 million tree‐ring widths from the International Tree Ring Data Bank ...
DOI:
10.1002/ecm.1219

35. Interpretations and common challenges of aeolian records from North American dune fields

Author:
Halfen, Alan F.; Lancaster, Nicholas; Wolfe, Stephen
Source:
Quaternary international 2016 v.410 pp. 75-95
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Holocene epoch; North Americans; deserts; drought; ecological zones; eolian sands; glaciation; luminescence; paleoecology; sediment deposition; Canada; Great Plains region; Mexico; Rocky Mountain region;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Geomorphic and chronologic data for dune fields are evaluated for three contrasting areas of North America: 1) the Prairie, Parkland and Boreal ecozones of the northern Great Plains in Canada; 2) the Central Great Plains of the USA; and 3) the deserts of southwestern USA and northern Mexico. Luminescence and radiocarbon ages for periods of dune accumulation and stability are compared with palaeoen ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2015.03.003

36. Bartonella melophagi in blood of domestic sheep (Ovis aries) and sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus) from the southwestern US: Cultures, genetic characterization, and ecological connections

Author:
Kosoy, Michael; Bai, Ying; Enscore, Russell; Rizzo, Maria Rosales; Bender, Scott; Popov, Vsevolod; Albayrak, Levent; Fofanov, Yuriy; Chomel, Bruno
Source:
Veterinary microbiology 2016 v.190 pp. 43-49
ISSN:
0378-1135
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Bartonella; DNA; Hippobosca; Melophagus ovinus; Ovis canadensis; bacteria; blood; endosymbionts; genes; genetic markers; goats; new species; sequence analysis; sheep;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bartonella melophagi sp. nov. was isolated from domestic sheep blood and from sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus) from the southwestern United States. The sequence analyses of the reference strain performed by six molecular markers consistently demonstrated that B. melophagi relates to but differ from other Bartonella species isolated from domestic and wild ruminants. Presence of 183 genes specific for ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.05.009

37. A Revaluation of the Taxonomic Status of Haplopappus ravenii Using Morphological and Genetic Data

Author:
Challagundla, Lavanya; Wallace, Lisa E.
Source:
Madroño 2016 v.63 no.3 pp. 220-233
ISSN:
0024-9637
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Haplopappus; Xanthisma gracile; amplified fragment length polymorphism; chromosome number; cluster analysis; cytotypes; flowers; genes; genetic variation; herbaria; leaves; reproductive isolation; variance; Mexico;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Slender goldenweed (Xanthisma gracile; synonym Haplopappus gracilis) (2n = 4) is an annual, highly polymorphic, and taxonomically controversial species occurring in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. It is very similar in morphology to Haplopappus ravenii, but differs in chromosome number, with H. ravenii having 2n = 8. Some botanists have considered these to be separate species i ...
DOI:
10.3120/0024-9637-63.3.220

38. Mapping ephemeral stream networks in desert environments using very-high-spatial-resolution multispectral remote sensing

Author:
Hamada, Yuki; O'Connor, Ben L.; Orr, Andrew B.; Wuthrich, Kelsey K.
Source:
Journal of arid environments 2016 v.130 pp. 40-48
ISSN:
0140-1963
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; algorithms; data collection; dry environmental conditions; ecosystems; ephemeral streams; hydrologic models; land use change; landscapes; remote sensing; shrubs; soil; solar energy; stream channels; vegetation;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mapping of ephemeral streams in desert environments is crucial to understanding the impacts to hydrologic and ecosystem functions caused by land-use changes. Available mapping methods at the watershed-scale typically underestimate total channel length and the size of channel networks. Although remote sensing is effective for obtaining information on large areas, conventional techniques are often i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.03.005

39. Costs of lactation to body condition and future reproduction of free-ranging mule deer Odocoileus hemionus (Cervidae)

Author:
Bender, Louis C.; Hoenes, Brock D.
Source:
Mammalia 2016 v.81 no.4 pp. 329-337
ISSN:
1864-1547
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Odocoileus hemionus; autumn; body condition; energy; fawns; lactating females; lactation; litter size; malnutrition; pregnancy; spring; weaning; winter;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... We compared indices of nutritional condition and size between lactating and dry ≥2.5-year-old mule deer Odocoileus hemionus from three free-ranging populations in the Southwestern USA to quantify the energetic costs of lactation on endogenous energy reserves, determine whether differences persisted over winter, and assess carryover effects on future reproduction. In autumn, dry and lactating femal ...
DOI:
10.1515/mammalia-2015-0143

40. Day-ahead forecasting of solar power output from photovoltaic plants in the American Southwest

Author:
Larson, David P.; Nonnenmacher, Lukas; Coimbra, Carlos F.M.
Source:
Renewable energy 2016 v.91 pp. 11-20
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; least squares; light intensity; models; power plants; solar energy; weather forecasting; California;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... A forecasting method for hourly-averaged, day-ahead power output (PO) from photovoltaic (PV) power plants based on least-squares optimization of Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) is presented. Three variations of the forecasting method are evaluated against PO data from two non-tracking, 1 MWp PV plants in California for 2011–2014. The method performance, including the inter-annual performance va ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2016.01.039

41. Multiscale connectivity and graph theory highlight critical areas for conservation under climate change

Author:
Dilts, Thomas E.; Weisberg, Peter J.; Leitner, Philip; Matocq, Marjorie D.; Inman, Richard D.; Nussear, Kenneth E.; Esque, Todd C.
Source:
Ecological applications 2016 v.26 no.4 pp. 1223-1237
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Sciuridae; biodiversity; climate; climate change; conservation areas; energy; habitat conservation; habitat destruction; habitats; home range; land use change; landscapes; planning; prioritization; renewable energy sources;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Conservation planning and biodiversity management require information on landscape connectivity across a range of spatial scales from individual home ranges to large regions. Reduction in landscape connectivity due changes in land use or development is expected to act synergistically with alterations to habitat mosaic configuration arising from climate change. We illustrate a multiscale connectivi ...
DOI:
10.1890/15-0925

42. Propagula and shoots of Syntrichia pagorum (Pottiaceae) exhibit different ecological strategies of desiccation tolerance

Author:
Stark, Lloyd R.; Brinda, John C.; Greenwood, Joshua L.
Source:
The Bryologist 2016 v.119 no.2 pp. 181-192
ISSN:
0007-2745
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Pottiaceae; adults; chlorophyll; drought tolerance; drying; fluorescence; germination; juveniles; leaves; monitoring; mosses and liverworts; plant health; rehydration; relative humidity; sand; shoots;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... We posed two questions regarding the desiccation tolerance (DT) of the moss Syntrichia pagorum: (1) What is the ecological strategy of DT in three available life phases (propagula, juvenile and adult shoots)? and (2) which desiccating factor, rate of drying or equilibrating relative humidity, has the greater effect on plant survival and health in these three life phases? Plants of S. pagorum were ...
DOI:
10.1639/0007-2745-119.2.181

43. Valuing shifts in the distribution of visibility in national parks and wilderness areas in the United States

Author:
Boyle, Kevin J.; Paterson, Robert; Carson, Richard; Leggett, Christopher; Kanninen, Barbara; Molenar, John; Neumann, James
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2016 v.173 pp. 10-22
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; United States Environmental Protection Agency; environmental factors; environmental law; environmental quality; financial economics; national parks; wilderness; Southeastern United States;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Environmental regulations often have the objective of eliminating the lower tail of an index of environmental quality. That part of the distribution of environmental quality moves somewhere above a threshold and where in the original distribution it moves is a function of the control strategy chosen. This paper provides an approach for estimating the economic benefits of different distributional c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.01.042

44. A Comparison of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods to Measure Wildlife Value Orientations Among Diverse Audiences: A Case Study of Latinos in the American Southwest

Author:
Chase, Loren D.; Teel, Tara L.; Thornton-Chase, M. Rebecca; Manfredo, Michael J.
Source:
Society & natural resources 2016 v.29 no.5 pp. 572-587
ISSN:
1521-0723
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Latinos; case studies; interviews; qualitative analysis; society; surveys; wildlife;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... As American society diversifies, and the public interest in natural resources broadens, it is essential that wildlife agencies find ways to better understand and engage increasingly diverse audiences. Wildlife value orientations (WVO) is a concept that addresses this need by augmenting understanding of the different ways people perceive wildlife resources. However, as agencies apply this concept w ...
DOI:
10.1080/08941920.2015.1086455

45. Temporal partial unmixing of exotic salt cedar using Landsat time series

Author:
Diao, Chunyuan; Wang, Le
Source:
Remote sensing letters 2016 v.7 no.5 pp. 466-475
ISSN:
2150-7058
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Landsat; Tamarix; biodiversity; ecosystems; indigenous species; landscapes; monitoring; remote sensing; time series analysis;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the south-western United States, the rapid colonization of exotic salt cedar (Tamarix spp.) along the riparian corridors poses a serious threat to the native plant diversity. Monitoring the salt cedar abundance in diversified riparian ecosystems is critically essential for evaluating the biodiversity loss and developing corresponding restoration strategies. To date, it still remains a significa ...
DOI:
10.1080/2150704X.2016.1149250

46. Wildfire smoke health costs: a methods case study for a Southwestern US ‘mega-fire’

Author:
Jones, Benjamin A.; Thacher, Jennifer A.; Chermak, Janie M.; Berrens, Robert P.
Source:
Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy 2016 v.5 no.2 pp. 181-199
ISSN:
2160-6552
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; United States Environmental Protection Agency; air; air quality; case studies; economic costs; economic valuation; economists; issues and policy; morbidity; smoke; urban areas; wildfires;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Exposure to wildfire smoke can increase morbidity in urban areas. Economists are increasingly calling for such health impacts to be included in wildfire damage assessments. However, collecting original health outcome data is costly and time-consuming. Benefits transfer is a more accessible alternative that is often employed. Yet several methodological issues remain unexplored regarding transfers o ...
DOI:
10.1080/21606544.2015.1070765

47. A watering manipulation in a semiarid grassland induced changes in fungal but not bacterial community composition

Author:
McHugh, Theresa A.; Schwartz, Egbert
Source:
Pedobiologia 2016 v.59 no.3 pp. 121-127
ISSN:
0031-4056
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; arid lands; bacteria; bacterial communities; biogeochemical cycles; carbon; climate change; community structure; ecosystems; fungal communities; fungi; grasslands; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; hydrologic cycle; monsoon season; rain; soil microorganisms; soil water; summer;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Monsoon precipitation in the arid southwestern United States is an important driver of ecosystem productivity, delivering up to 50% of annual precipitation during the summer months. These sporadic rainfall events typify drying-rewetting cycles and impose a physiological stress on the soil microbial communities responsible for carbon and nutrient cycling. As one aspect of climate change is an inten ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pedobi.2016.04.003

48. Germination of an invasive Cenchrus ciliaris L. (buffel grass) population of the Sonoran Desert under various environmental conditions

Author:
Tinoco-Ojanguren, C.; Reyes-Ortega, I.; Sánchez-Coronado, M.E.; Molina-Freaner, F.; Orozco-Segovia, A.
Source:
South African journal of botany 2016 v.104 pp. 112-117
ISSN:
0254-6299
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Cenchrus ciliaris; dormancy; environmental factors; fruits; germination; gibberellic acid; heat stress; invasive species; osmotic pressure; plants (botany); seeds; semiarid zones; shrublands; temperature; Mexico; Sonoran Desert;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cenchrus ciliaris is one of the most important invasive plants in northwestern México and southwestern United States, threatening the conservation of desert and thorn scrub. Our knowledge about the mechanisms that underlie its capacity for invasion is limited. Here, we evaluate the effect of light, temperature, gibberellic acid, osmotic potential, heat shock and experimental fire on caryopses germ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sajb.2015.10.009

49. Hidden in Plain Sight: A Remarkable New Genus of Nearctic Treehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae)

Author:
Morris, B. O.; Dietrich, C. H.
Source:
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 2016 v.109 no.3 pp. 488-494
ISSN:
1938-2901
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Membracidae; femur; male genitalia; males; new genus; new species; scientific illustration; taxon descriptions; teeth; wings; Arctic region; Mexico;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... A new treehopper genus Selenacentrus (Membracidae: Centrotinae), and new species, S. wallacei, from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, are described and illustrated. This genus lacks key characteristics of currently recognized New World centrotine tribes including the dorsoapical and ventral lobes of the male lateral plate and cucullate setae of the mesothoracic femora (characteri ...
DOI:
10.1093/aesa/saw008

50. Remote tropical and sub-tropical responses to Amazon deforestation

Author:
Badger, Andrew M.; Dirmeyer, Paul A.
Source:
Climate dynamics 2016 v.46 no.9-10 pp. 3057-3066
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
Southwestern United States,   etc   ; Earth system science; atmospheric circulation; deforestation; heat; land use change; models; temperature; tropical and subtropical crops; tropics; troposphere; vegetation; Amazonia; Mexico; Pacific Ocean; South America; Sub-Saharan Africa;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Replacing natural vegetation with realistic tropical crops over the Amazon region in a global Earth system model impacts vertical transport of heat and moisture, modifying the interaction between the atmospheric boundary layer and the free atmosphere. Vertical velocity is decreased over a majority of the Amazon region, shifting the ascending branch and modifying the seasonality of the Hadley circu ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-015-2752-5