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You searched for: Publication Year 2015 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2015 Source 2015 v.17 no.2 Remove constraint Source: 2015 v.17 no.2 Subject humans Remove constraint Subject: humans
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1. Does Forest Certification Enhance Forest Structure? Empirical Evidence from Certified Community-Based Forest Management in Kilwa District, Tanzania

Author:
Kalonga, S.K.; Midtgaard, F.; Eid, T.
Source:
The international forestry review 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 182-194
ISSN:
1465-5489
Subject:
forest certification; forest management; forests; governance; humans; landscapes; space and time; state forests; Tanzania
Abstract:
... SUMMARYForest Stewardship Council (FSC) standards support enhancement of certified forests. However, the performance of certified forests in enhancing forest structure has rarely been examined empirically. Forest structure, human forest use and forest governance indicators are assessed in a comparative study of FSC-certified community forests, open access forests (non-FSC) and state forest reserve ...
DOI:
10.1505/146554815815500570

2. Geographical distribution modelling of the bronze bug: a worldwide invasion

Author:
Montemayor, Sara I.; Dellapé, Pablo M.; Melo, María C.
Source:
Agricultural and forest entomology 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 129-137
ISSN:
1461-9555
Subject:
Eucalyptus; climate; data collection; databases; environmental factors; geographical distribution; humans; model validation; models; planting; probability; Africa; Central America; China; South America
Abstract:
... The present study investigated the environmental variables that define a suitable climate for the bronze bug, Thaumastocoris peregrinus Carpintero & Dellapé, using presence‐only data, with the aim of identifying areas that have a suitable climate (and thus high probability) for future colonization and generating a spatially explicit predictive map of environmental suitability. An occurrence databa ...
DOI:
10.1111/afe.12088

3. Mapping the disjunct distribution of introduced codling moth Cydia pomonella in China

Author:
Zhao, Li; Hou, Peng; Zhu, Gengping; Li, Min; Xie, Tongxin; Liu, Qiang
Source:
Agricultural and forest entomology 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 214-222
ISSN:
1461-9555
Subject:
Cydia pomonella; climate; habitats; host plants; humans; models; moths; rain; temperature; vegetation; China
Abstract:
... Eastern China was once listed as an area infested with the invasive codling moth Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricide). Intensive efforts later revealed the absence of such infestation. Currently, the majority of the population is distributed in western China. A disjunct population is also observed in the north east. In present study, the disjunct distribution was interpreted by mapping the ...
DOI:
10.1111/afe.12104

4. Derivation and Characterization of Bovine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Transposon-Mediated Reprogramming

Author:
Talluri, Thirumala R.; Kumar, Dharmendra; Glage, Silke; Garrels, Wiebke; Ivics, Zoltan; Debowski, Katharina; Behr, Rüdiger; Niemann, Heiner; Kues, Wilfried A.
Source:
Cellular reprogramming 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 131-140
ISSN:
2152-4998
Subject:
alkaline phosphatase; cattle; chimerism; embryonic stem cells; gene transfer; genes; genetic engineering; humans; induced pluripotent stem cells; mice; transposons
Abstract:
... Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a seminal breakthrough in stem cell research and are promising tools for advanced regenerative therapies in humans and reproductive biotechnology in farm animals. iPSCs are particularly valuable in species in which authentic embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines are yet not available. Here, we describe a nonviral method for the derivation of bovine iPSCs employ ...
DOI:
10.1089/cell.2014.0080
PubMed:
25826726
PubMed Central:
PMC4378356

5. Downsized mutualisms: Consequences of seed dispersers’ body-size reduction for early plant recruitment

Author:
Pérez-Méndez, Néstor; Jordano, Pedro; Valido, Alfredo
Source:
Perspectives in plant ecology, evolution and systematics 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 151-159
ISSN:
1433-8319
Subject:
Gallotia; Lacertidae; Rutaceae; adults; adverse effects; age structure; body size; canopy; ecological function; extinction; frugivores; humans; islands; lizards; mutualism; seed dispersal; seedlings; species recruitment; vigor
Abstract:
... Extinction-driven, body-size reduction of seed dispersers (i.e. an ecological downsizing resulting from severe defaunation) can entail the loss of unique ecological functions, and impair plant regeneration. However, the manner in which the downsizing of mutualistic animals affects seed dispersal and plant recruitment remains understudied. Here, we took advantage of a natural experiment in the Cana ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ppees.2014.12.001

6. Impacts of global climate change on the floras of oceanic islands – Projections, implications and current knowledge

Author:
Harter, David E.V.; Irl, Severin D.H.; Seo, Bumsuk; Steinbauer, Manuel J.; Gillespie, Rosemary; Triantis, Kostas A.; Fernández-Palacios, José-María; Beierkuhnlein, Carl
Source:
Perspectives in plant ecology, evolution and systematics 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 160-183
ISSN:
1433-8319
Subject:
altitude; biodiversity; climate; climate change; ecosystems; evolution; flora; habitats; humans; indigenous species; islands; population size; research; synergism; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Recent climate projections indicate substantial environmental alterations in oceanic island regions during the 21st century, setting up profound threats to insular floras. Inherent characteristics of island species and ecosystems (e.g. small population sizes, low habitat availability, isolated evolution, low functional redundancy) cause a particular vulnerability. Strong local anthropogenic pressu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ppees.2015.01.003

7. Production of Arachidonic and Eicosapentaenoic Acids by the Marine Oomycete Halophytophthora

Author:
Pang, Ka-Lai; Lin, Han-Jia; Lin, Hung-Yun; Huang, Yu-Fen; Chen, Yi-Min
Source:
Marine biotechnology 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 121-129
ISSN:
1436-2228
Subject:
analysis of variance; arachidonic acid; chemical structure; diet; eicosapentaenoic acid; fish meat; fluorescence; fungi; humans; leaves; lipid bodies; marine fish; microalgae; mycelium; omega-3 fatty acids; omega-6 fatty acids; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are fatty acids with more than one double bond in the chemical structure. Arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4 (n-6)) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 22:5 (n-3)) are common PUFAs with beneficial health effects. Marine fish and meat are the main sources of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in human’s diet, respectively. In particular, there is a general decline in fish catc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10126-014-9600-1

8. Motility activity, slime production, biofilm formation and genetic typing by ERIC-PCR for Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from bovine and other sources (human and environment)

Author:
Wolska, K.; Szweda, P.; Lada, K.; Rytel, E.; Gucwa, K.; Kot, B.; Piechota, M.
Source:
Polish journal of veterinary sciences 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 321-329
Subject:
DNA; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; biofilm; bovine mastitis; cattle; feces; genotype; hospitals; humans; patients; phenotype; poly(vinyl chloride); polymerase chain reaction; polystyrenes
Abstract:
... The molecular-typing strategy, ERIC-PCR was used in an attempt to determine the genomic relationship of 28 P. aeruginosa strains isolated from faeces of healthy bovine, bovine mastitis and from faeces of hospital patients as well as from environment. ERIC-PCR fingerprinting revealed large molecular differentiation within this group of isolates. Twenty two out of 28 strains tested generated unique ...
DOI:
10.2478/pjvs-2014-0044

9. Excess of polonium-210 activity in the surface urban atmosphere. Part 2: origin of ²¹⁰Po excess

Author:
Długosz-Lisiecka, Magdalena
Source:
Environmental science 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 465-470
ISSN:
2050-7895
Subject:
aerosols; air; air pollution; cities; coagulation; coal; combustion; humans; industrialization; lead; polonium; power plants; radionuclides; Poland
Abstract:
... The presence of significant ²¹⁰Po activity, unsupported by its grandparent radionuclide ²¹⁰Pb, in the surface atmosphere of industrialized regions can originate from human technical activities. In urban air, the activity ratio of ²¹⁰Po to ²¹⁰Pb might increase as a result of natural condensation and coagulation processes of relatively volatile ²¹⁰Po-containing species emitted during coal combustion ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4em00390j

10. Dimethyl carbonate and switchable anionic surfactants: two effective tools for the extraction of polyhydroxyalkanoates from microbial biomass

Author:
Samorì, Chiara; Basaglia, Marina; Casella, Sergio; Favaro, Lorenzo; Galletti, Paola; Giorgini, Loris; Marchi, Davide; Mazzocchetti, Laura; Torri, Cristian; Tagliavini, Emilio
Source:
Green chemistry 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 1047-1056
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
Cupriavidus necator; ammonium; anionic surfactants; biodegradability; carbon dioxide; carbonates; cell membranes; fatty acids; green chemistry; humans; microbial biomass; pH; polyhydroxyalkanoates; recycling; slurries; solvents; toxic substances
Abstract:
... The availability of green and cheap technologies to recover polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from microbial biomass is crucial for the development of a reliable and sustainable production chain. Here, two novel protocols are proposed to extract PHAs from Cupriavidus necator. The first method is based on PHA-extraction with dimethyl carbonate (DMC), a green solvent that is completely biodegradable and ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4gc01821d

11. A new diketopiperazine heterodimer from an endophytic fungus Aspergillus niger

Author:
Li, Xiao-Bin; Li, Yue-Lan; Zhou, Jin-Chuan; Yuan, Hui-Qing; Wang, Xiao-Ning; Lou, Hong-Xiang
Source:
Journal of Asian natural products research 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 182-187
ISSN:
1477-2213
Subject:
Aspergillus niger; cytotoxicity; diketopiperazines; endophytes; fungi; humans; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... One new diketopiperazine heterodimer, asperazine A (1), and eight known compounds, asperazine (2), cyclo(d -Phe- l -Trp) (3), cyclo(l -Trp- l -Trp) (4), 4-(hydroxymethyl)-5,6-dihydro-pyran-2-one (5), walterolactone A (6), and campyrones A–C (7 – 9), were isolated from an endophytic fungus Aspergillus niger . Their structures were determined unequivocally on the basis of extensive spectroscopic dat ...
DOI:
10.1080/10286020.2014.959939

12. Polyanthumin, a novel cyclobutane chalcone trimmer from Memecylon polyanthum

Author:
Chen, Guan; Cui, Cheng-Bin; Qi, Ai-Di; Li, Chang-Wei; Tao, Zun-Wei; Ren, Rong
Source:
Journal of Asian natural products research 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 170-177
ISSN:
1477-2213
Subject:
Memecylon; antineoplastic agents; cell proliferation; chalcone; chemical structure; gallic acid; humans; inhibitory concentration 50; myricetin; stems
Abstract:
... A novel unusual trimmer chalcone, polyanthumin (1), together with five known compounds myricetin 3- O -(3″- O -galloyl)-α- l -rhamnopyranoside (2), sulfuretin (3), fustin (4), gallic acid (5), and ethyl gallate (6), was isolated from the dry stems of Memecylon polyanthum H.L. Li. Among them, compound 1 is a new chalcone trimmer with a novel cyclobutane skeleton in nature. Compounds 3 and 4 are fla ...
DOI:
10.1080/10286020.2014.945439

13. Two new triterpenoid saponins from rhizome of Anemone amurensis

Author:
Lv, Chong-Ning; Fan, Li; Wang, Jing; Qin, Ru-Lan; Xu, Tan-Ye; Lei, Tian-Li; Lu, Jin-Cai
Source:
Journal of Asian natural products research 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 132-137
ISSN:
1477-2213
Subject:
anticarcinogenic activity; chemical structure; cytotoxicity; humans; inhibitory concentration 50; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; oleanolic acid; rhizomes; spectral analysis; triterpenoid saponins
Abstract:
... Two new triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of the rhizome of Anemone amurensis , they are oleanolic acid 28- O -β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester (1) and 23,27-dihydroxy oleanolic acid 3- O -α- l -arabinopyranoside (2). The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of chemical an ...
DOI:
10.1080/10286020.2014.983091

14. Evidence of exotic trout mediated minnow invasion in Pyrenean high mountain lakes

Author:
Miró, Alexandre; Ventura, Marc
Source:
Biological invasions 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 791-803
ISSN:
1387-3547
Subject:
Phoxinus; ecosystems; food chain; humans; invasive species; lakes; minnows; models; national parks; sport fishing; trout
Abstract:
... Although high mountain lakes are naturally fishless, there have been numerous trout introductions to such ecosystems in many areas of the world with negative ecological consequences. In recent decades other fishes, such as minnows, have been introduced to some mountain areas, including the Pyrenees. These introductions may cause further ecological problems, since minnows also occupy the top of the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10530-014-0769-z