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You searched for: Publication year rev 7985-2015 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7985-2015 Source 2015 v.44 no.5 Remove constraint Source: 2015 v.44 no.5
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1. Alum and Rainfall Effects on Ionophores in Runoff from Surface-Applied Broiler Litter

Author:
Sarah A. Doydora; Dorcas Franklin; Peizhe Sun; Miguel Cabrera; Aaron Thompson; Kimberly Love-Myers; John Rema; Vaughn Calvert; Spyros G. Pavlostathis; Ching-Hua Huang
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1657-1666
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
alum; aluminum sulfate; birds; excreta; monensin; pH; pastures; poultry manure; poultry production; rain; rainfall simulation; runoff; salinomycin; surface water
Abstract:
... Polyether ionophores, monensin, and salinomycin are commonly used as antiparasitic drugs in broiler production and may be present in broiler litter (bird excreta plus bedding material). Long-term application of broiler litter to pastures may lead to ionophore contamination of surface waters. Because polyether ionophores break down at low pH, we hypothesized that decreasing litter pH with an acidic ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.02.0099

2. Amazon dams and waterways: Brazil’s Tapajós Basin plans

Author:
Philip M. Fearnside
Source:
Ambio 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 426-439
ISSN:
0044-7447
Subject:
barges; basins; dams (hydrology); laws and regulations; rivers; soybeans; waterways; Amazon River; Brazil
Abstract:
... Brazil plans to build 43 “large” dams (>30 MW) in the Tapajós Basin, ten of which are priorities for completion by 2022. Impacts include flooding indigenous lands and conservation units. The Tapajós River and two tributaries (the Juruena and Teles Pires Rivers) are also the focus of plans for waterways to transport soybeans from Mato Grosso to ports on the Amazon River. Dams would allow barges to ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13280-015-0642-z
PubMed:
25794814
PubMed Central:
PMC4510327

3. Attachment and Detachment Behavior of Human Adenovirus and Surrogates in Fine Granular Limestone Aquifer Material

Author:
Margaret E. Stevenson; Regina Sommer; Gerhard Lindner; Andreas H. Farnleitner; Simon Toze; Alexander K.T. Kirschner; Alfred P. Blaschke; Jatinder P.S. Sidhu
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1392-1401
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Mastadenovirus; aquifers; bacteriophages; calcite; ionic strength; laboratory experimentation; limestone; nanoparticles; pH; pathogens; porous media; soil; virulent strains; South Australia
Abstract:
... The transport of human adenovirus, nanoparticles, and PRD1 and MS2 bacteriophages was tested in fine granular limestone aquifer material taken from a borehole at a managed aquifer recharge site in Adelaide, South Australia. Comparison of transport and removal of virus surrogates with the pathogenic virus is necessary to understand the differences between the virus and surrogate. Because experiment ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.01.0052

4. Bacterial Pathogen Indicator Transport from Livestock Mortality Biopiles

Author:
Robert Michitsch; Rob Jamieson; Robert Gordon; Glenn Stratton; Craig Lake
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1355-1365
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Enterococcaceae; Escherichia coli; Streptococcus; bacteria; environmental factors; indicator species; leaching; livestock; monitoring; mortality; pathogens; preferential flow; slaughterhouses; soil quality; soil water; soil water content; temperature; virulent strains; water flow
Abstract:
... Biopiles can be used to dispose of slaughterhouse residuals (SLRs); however, the fate of pathogenic bacteria (e.g., pathogenic strains of Eschericia coli, Streptococcus fecalis) in these systems is not well understood. The transport of these bacteria in water leaching from the biopile could represent a significant contamination source. This research examined the transport of Enterobacteriaceae and ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.01.0034

5. Beaver Ponds: Resurgent Nitrogen Sinks for Rural Watersheds in the Northeastern United States

Author:
Julia G. Lazar; Kelly Addy; Arthur J. Gold; Peter M. Groffman; Richard A. McKinney; Dorothy Q. Kellogg
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1684-1693
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
ammonium; denitrification; ecosystems; freshwater; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; nitrogen; organic soils; pollution load; ponds; stable isotopes; streams; watersheds; wetlands; New England region; Rhode Island
Abstract:
... Beaver-created ponds and dams, on the rise in the northeastern United States, reshape headwater stream networks from extensive, free-flowing reaches to complexes of ponds, wetlands, and connecting streams. We examined seasonal and annual rates of nitrate transformations in three beaver ponds in Rhode Island under enriched nitrate-nitrogen (N) conditions through the use of ¹⁵N mass balance techniqu ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2014.12.0540

6. Cervical Distraction‐Stabilization Using an Intervertebral Spacer Screw and String‐of Pearl (SOP™) Plates in 16 Dogs With Disc‐Associated Wobbler Syndrome

Author:
Miguel A. Solano; Noel Fitzpatrick; Judith Bertran
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 627-641
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
ataxia (disorder); body weight; cervical spondylomyelopathy; computed tomography; dogs; histology; radiography; subsidence; surgery; vertebrae
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively investigate a novel surgical technique using the Fitz Intervertebral Traction Screw (FITS) combined with string‐of‐pearl (SOP™) locking plates for the treatment of Disc Associated Wobbler Syndrome (DAWS). STUDY DESIGN: Case series (n = 16). METHODS: Ventral approach and fenestration of the affected disc(s), nuclear extirpation, and insertion of the FITS device to the ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12325

7. Characterizing Aquifer Heterogeneity Using Bacterial and Bacteriophage Tracers

Author:
Raymond M. Flynn; German Mallèn; Marion Engel; Ashraf Ahmed; Pierre Rossi
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1448-1458
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas putida; aquifers; bacteriophages; drinking water; filtration; fluorescence; gravel; groundwater; mass transfer; monitoring; solutes; tracer techniques; wells; Germany; Western European region
Abstract:
... Gravel aquifers act as important potable water sources in central western Europe, yet they are subject to numerous contamination pressures. Compositional and textural heterogeneity makes protection zone delineation around groundwater supplies in these units challenging; artificial tracer testing aids characterization. This paper reappraises previous tracer test results in light of new geological a ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.02.0117

8. Coccinellidae Parasitoids in Brazil: Neglected Species in a Mega-Diverse Country

Author:
P H B Togni; L M Souza; P R Sicsú; V A Costa; D S S L Amaral; A C Franco; E R Sujii; M Venzon
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 528-532
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
Coccinellidae; cerrado; ecosystems; habitats; insects; natural enemies; parasitoids; rain forests; Brazil
Abstract:
... Current knowledge on coccinellids is primarily focused on their role as natural enemies of soft-bodied insects. However, there is a great diversity of coccinellid parasitoid species that are less studied. Here, we describe new records of coccinellid parasitoids with emphasis on new host–parasitoid interactions in 11 sample sites in Brazil. We collected 122 coccinellid individuals parasitized by si ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13744-015-0309-2

9. Comparison of four molecular assays for the detection of Tembusu virus

Author:
Yi Tang; Yin-Ting Yeh; Hao Chen; Chunmei Yu; Xuhui Gao; Youxiang Diao
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 379-385
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
RNA; Tembusu virus; cell culture; cloaca; ducks; eggs; genes; plasmids; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Abstract:
... Tembusu virus (TMUV) belongs to the genus Flavivirus that may cause severe egg drop in ducks. In order to evaluate the most efficient TMUV detection method, the performances of a conventional RT-PCR (C-RT-PCR), a semi-nested PCR (SN-RT-PCR), a reverse-transcriptase real-time quantitative PCR (Q-RT-PCR), and a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) targeting the TMUV ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1061650

10. Description of the Anatomy, Surgical Technique, and Outcome of Hemipelvectomy in 4 Dogs and 5 Cats

Author:
Laura A. Barbur; Kevin D. Coleman; Chad W. Schmiedt; MaryAnn G. Radlinsky
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 613-626
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
body condition; body weight; cats; dogs; excision; hemorrhage; image analysis; injection site; mixed breeds; nerve tissue; osteosarcoma
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To provide (1) a comprehensive description of hemipelvectomy; and (2) report clinical application and outcome of hemipelvectomy in dogs and cats. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive report and retrospective case series. ANIMALS: Dogs (n = 4) and 5 cats. METHODS: Cadaveric dissection was performed for imaging purposes using 4 mixed breed dogs euthanatized for reasons unrelated to this study. Medic ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12324

11. Detection of Purple Sulfur Bacteria in Purple and Non-purple Dairy Wastewaters

Author:
Robert S. Dungan; April B. Leytem
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1550-1555
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
DNA; Marichromatium; Thiocapsa roseopersicina; Thiolamprovum pedioforme; carotenoids; chemical oxygen demand; dairies; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; genes; growth factors; livestock; manure storage; microbial detection; nitrogen; odors; ponds; ribosomal RNA; salinity; sampling; solids; sulfur; wastewater
Abstract:
... The presence of purple bacteria in manure storage lagoons is often associated with reduced odors. In this study, our objectives were to determine the occurrence of purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) in seven dairy wastewater lagoons and to identify possible linkages between wastewater properties and purple blooms. Community DNA was extracted from composited wastewater samples, and a conservative 16S rRN ...
Handle:
10113/61488
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0128

12. The Effect of Examiner Variability on Multiple Canine Stifle Kinematic Gait Collections in a 3‐Dimensional Model

Author:
Bryan T. Torres; Peter J. Gilbert; Lisa R. Reynolds; Yang‐Chieh Fu; Judith A. Navik; Andrew Sornborger; Steven C. Budsberg
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 581-587
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
data collection; dogs; gait; kinematics; models; stifle; surgery
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To evaluate examiner variability in a superficial skin marker model of canine stifle kinematics. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental. ANIMALS: Six clinically normal dogs. METHODS: Dogs had 11 retroreflective markers fixed to the skin on the right hindlimb. Dogs were trotted 5 times through the calibrated testing space and this was repeated on 4 different testing days. Examiner A applied all mark ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1532-950X.2014.12311.x

13. Efficacy of Postoperative Antimicrobial Use for Clean Orthopedic Implant Surgery in Dogs: A Prospective Randomized Study in 100 Consecutive Cases

Author:
Andrea Pratesi; Andrew P. Moores; Ciara Downes; James Grierson; Thomas W. Maddox
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 653-660
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
amoxicillin; anesthesia; anesthetics; dogs; oral administration; orthopedics; prostheses; protective effect; regression analysis; risk factors; risk reduction; stainless steel; surgery
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether administration of postoperative oral antimicrobial drugs has a beneficial effect on preventing surgical site infections (SSI) in clean orthopedic surgery involving stainless steel plating systems. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Dogs (n = 97). METHODS: One hundred consecutive cases (97 dogs) that had clean orthopedic surgery requirin ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12326

14. Efficient and resilient governance of social–ecological systems

Author:
Adam Erickson
Source:
Ambio 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 343-352
ISSN:
0044-7447
Subject:
funding; governance; landscapes; multipliers; watershed management; watersheds; California; Idaho; Oregon; Washington (state)
Abstract:
... New institutions are critically needed to improve the resilience of social–ecological systems globally. Watershed management offers an important model due to its ability to govern mixed-ownership landscapes through common property regimes, translating national goals into local action. Here, I assess the efficacy of state watershed management institutions in the Pacific Northwest, based on their ab ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13280-014-0607-7
PubMed:
25560677
PubMed Central:
PMC4510325

15. Evaluation of AGRO-2014 for Predicting Hydrophobic Organic Chemical Concentrations in Ponds

Author:
Lauren E. Padilla; Michael F. Winchell; Scott H. Jackson
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1568-1578
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
algorithms; bioavailability; dynamic models; eroded soils; exposure models; hydrophobicity; pesticides; ponds; prediction; pyrethrins; sediments; slurries; sorption; surface water; suspended sediment; total suspended solids
Abstract:
... Highly hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs), like pyrethroids, adsorb strongly to eroded soil and suspended sediment. Therefore, total suspended solids (TSS) concentration in the water column of receiving waters is important for determining the proportion of chemical in the sediment-sorbed vs. the dissolved (bioavailable) state. However, most current regulatory exposure models, such as the Exposur ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0149

16. Evaluation of Osteogenic Potentials of Avian Demineralized Bone Matrix in the Healing of Osseous Defects in Pigeons

Author:
Reza Sanaei; Jalila Abu; Mojgan Nazari; Mohd A. B. Zuki; Zeenathul N. Allaudin
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 603-612
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
Columba livia; adults; autografting; histology; hybrids; models; pigeons; radiography
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVES: To evaluate avian allogeneic demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in the healing of long bone defects as a function of geometry and time in a pigeon model. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental. ANIMALS: Adult rock pigeons (n = 60). METHODS: Midshaft ulnar osseous defects were grafted with 2 geometric forms of DBM (tubular vs. chipped) and stabilized with a hybrid fixator. Autologous chips of sternal ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12292

17. Expression and Localization of Aquaporin‐1 Along the Intestine of Colostrum Suckling Buffalo Calves

Author:
A. De Luca; G. Vassalotti; A. Pelagalli; M. E. Pero; C. Squillacioti; N. Mirabella; P. Lombardi; L. Avallone
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 391-400
ISSN:
0340-2096
Subject:
Western blotting; aquaporins; buffaloes; calves; cell membranes; colostrum; immunohistochemistry; ingestion; large intestine; messenger RNA; osmoregulation; permeability; postnatal development; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; suckling
Abstract:
... Aquaporin‐1 (AQP1), a six‐transmembrane domain protein, belongs to a highly conserved group of proteins called aquaporins known to regulate permeability across cell membranes. Although the role of AQP1 has been extensively studied, its specific activity along the gastrointestinal tract in animals during early postnatal development is poorly known. This study investigates the expression of AQP1 mRN ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12157

18. Fecal Indicator and Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Resistance in Alluvial Groundwater of an Irrigated Agricultural Region with Dairies

Author:
Xunde Li; Edward R. Atwill; Elizabeth Antaki; Olin Applegate; Brian Bergamaschi; Ronald F. Bond; Jennifer Chase; Katherine M. Ransom; William Samuels; Naoko Watanabe; Thomas Harter
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1435-1447
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Campylobacter; Enterococcus; Escherichia coli O157; Salmonella; alluvial aquifer; antibiotic resistance; antibiotics; concentrated animal feeding operations; dairies; groundwater; irrigation; land use; monitoring; potassium; surveys; virulent strains; water quality; wells; California
Abstract:
... Surveys of microbiological groundwater quality were conducted in a region with intensive animal agriculture in California, USA. The survey included monitoring and domestic wells in eight concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and 200 small (domestic and community supply district) supply wells across the region. Campylobacter was not detected in groundwater, whereas Escherichia coli O157:H7 ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0139

19. Fitness Cost of Methoxyfenozide and the Effects of Its Sublethal Doses on Development, Reproduction, and Survival of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Author:
A Rehan; S Freed
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 513-520
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
Spodoptera litura; adults; at-risk population; diet; eggs; females; hatching; insect reproduction; instars; larvae; longevity; methoxyfenozide; population dynamics; pupal development; sex ratio; sublethal effects
Abstract:
... In the present study, two experiments were designed to investigate the lethal and sublethal effects of methoxyfenozide on Spodoptera litura (F.). The first experiment was conducted to explore the fitness cost of methoxyfenozide resistance in a methoxyfenozide-resistant strain (selected with methoxyfenozide for 13 consecutive generations), leading to resistance ratio to methoxyfenozide 83.0- and 23 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13744-015-0306-5

20. Fluorescent and colorimetric ion probes based on conjugated oligopyrroles

Author:
Yubin Ding; Yunyu Tang; Weihong Zhu; Yongshu Xie
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1101-1112
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
color; colorimetry; fluorescence; moieties; pyrroles
Abstract:
... Metal ions and anions play important roles in many industrial and biochemical processes, and thus it is highly desired to detect them in the relevant systems. Small organic molecule based sensors for selective and sensitive detection of target ions show the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity and convenient implementation. In this area, pyrrole has incomparable advantages. It can be easily in ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4cs00436a

21. Goblet Cells and Mucus Types in the Digestive Intestine and Respiratory Intestine in Bronze Corydoras (Callichthyidae: Teleostei)

Author:
I. L. Leknes
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 321-327
ISSN:
0340-2096
Subject:
Corydoras; absorption; air; color; digesta; glucose; goblet cells; intestines; ions; lectins; mannose; microorganisms; microvilli; mucins; mucus; oxygen; pH; proteoglycans; respiratory mucosa; sialic acids; sialidase; testing; toluidine blue
Abstract:
... The structure and histochemical properties of the intestine in bronze corydoras (Corydoras aeneus), a stomach‐containing teleost, are described, with emphasis on goblet cells and mucin types. The proximal intestine displayed a normal structure for teleosts, whereas the distal intestine was wide, translucent, thin‐walled, richly vascularized and constantly filled with air, suggesting an important r ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12140

22. How valence bond theory can help you understand your (bio)chemical reaction

Author:
Avital Shurki; Etienne Derat; Alexandre Barrozo; Shina Caroline Lynn Kamerlin
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1037-1052
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
Nobel Prize; chemical bonding; chemical reactions; computational methodology; development theory; models; quantum mechanics; solids; wills
Abstract:
... Almost a century has passed since valence bond (VB) theory was originally introduced to explain covalent bonding in the H₂ molecule within a quantum mechanical framework. The past century has seen constant improvements in this theory, with no less than two distinct Nobel prizes based on work that is essentially developments in VB theory. Additionally, ongoing advances in both methodology and compu ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4cs00241e

23. Hydrogen bonding in ionic liquids

Author:
Patricia A. Hunt; Claire R. Ashworth; Richard P. Matthews
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1257-1288
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
cations; energy; hydrogen; hydrogen bonding
Abstract:
... Ionic liquids (IL) and hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) are two diverse fields for which there is a developing recognition of significant overlap. Doubly ionic H-bonds occur when a H-bond forms between a cation and anion, and are a key feature of ILs. Doubly ionic H-bonds represent a wide area of H-bonding which has yet to be fully recognised, characterised or explored. H-bonds in ILs (both protic and ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4cs00278d

24. Immune protection of microneme 7 (EmMIC7) against Eimeria maxima challenge in chickens

Author:
Jingwei Huang; Zhenchao Zhang; Menghui Li; Xiaokai Song; Ruofeng Yan; Lixin Xu; Xiangrui Li
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 392-400
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Eimeria maxima; antibodies; antigens; blood serum; body weight changes; chickens; coccidiostats; immunization; interferon-gamma; interleukin-10; interleukin-17; interleukin-2; interleukin-4; jejunum; neoplasms; oocysts; phosphates; plasmids; protective effect; recombinant vaccines; splenocytes; vaccine development
Abstract:
... In the present study, the immune protective effects of recombinant microneme protein 7 of Eimeria maxima (rEmMIC7) and a DNA vaccine encoding this antigen (pVAX1-EmMIC7) on experimental challenge were evaluated. Two-week-old chickens were randomly divided into five groups. Experimental groups of chickens were immunized with 100 μg DNA vaccine pVAX1-MIC7 or 200 μg rEmMIC7, while control groups of c ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1071780

25. Immunogenic and protective efficacy of recombinant protein GtxA-N against Gallibacterium anatis challenge in chickens

Author:
Ida J. Pedersen; Susanne E. Pors; Ragnhild J. Bager Skjerning; Søren S. Nielsen; Anders M. Bojesen
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 386-391
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
antibodies; antigens; blood serum; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; hens; immunity; immunization; recombinant proteins; vaccines
Abstract:
... Gallibacterium anatis is a major cause of reproductive tract infections in chickens. Here, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the recombinant protein GtxA-N at protecting hens, by addressing three objectives; (i) evaluating the antibody response following immunization (ii) scoring and comparing lesions, following challenge with G. anatis , in immunized and non-immunized hens and (iii) investigat ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1069259

26. Importance of the Colmation Layer in the Transport and Removal of Cyanobacteria, Viruses, and Dissolved Organic Carbon during Natural Lake-Bank Filtration

Author:
Ronald W. Harvey; David W. Metge; Denis R. LeBlanc; Jen Underwood; George R. Aiken; Kenna Butler; Timothy D. McCobb; Jay Jasperse
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1413-1423
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Synechococcus; aquifers; coliphages; cyanophages; dissolved organic carbon; drinking water; filtration; microparticles; samplers; sediments; seepage; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... This study focused on the importance of the colmation layer in the removal of cyanobacteria, viruses, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) during natural bank filtration. Injection-and-recovery studies were performed at two shallow (0.5 m deep), sandy, near-shore sites at the southern end of Ashumet Pond, a waste-impacted, kettle pond on Cape Cod, MA, that is subject to periodic blooms of cyanobacte ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0151

27. An Improved Indirect Procedure for Estimating Pesticide Volatility from Field Trials

Author:
Steven A. Cryer; Patrick L. Havens; David E. Hillger; Ian J. van Wesenbeeck
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1513-1522
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
agricultural land; air; field experimentation; models; pesticide formulations; prediction; regression analysis; Indiana; Texas
Abstract:
... Conventional indirect approaches for estimating pesticide volatility from agricultural fields require an air dispersion model and near-field, temporal air concentration measurements. The model pesticide flux profile is chosen such that field observations are recovered. Ross et al. (1996) first proposed a back-calculation method (BCM) using a single iteration of the Industrial Source Complex Short ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0125

28. Increased level of protection of respiratory tract and kidney by combining different infectious bronchitis virus vaccines against challenge with nephropathogenic Brazilian genotype subcluster 4 strains

Author:
J. J. De Wit; P. Brandao; C. A. Torres; R. Koopman; L. Y. Villarreal
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 352-357
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Infectious bronchitis virus; birds; genotype; genotyping; kidneys; respiratory system; serotypes; vaccination; vaccines; value added; Brazil; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... Genotyping of seven infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains isolated in Brazil showed that all belonged to the common Brazilian genotype and that these strains were closest to the subcluster of strain IBV/Brazil/2007/USP-19. Pathotyping of four selected Brazilian strains showed that they all caused a considerable level of ciliostasis in the trachea but at a somewhat lower level than did M41 and ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1058916

29. Influence of Pools and Riffles on Chironomidae Diversity in Headwater Streams of the Atlantic Forest

Author:
L S Silveira; B F J V Rosa; E A Gonçalves; R G Alves
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 423-429
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
Chironomidae; dry season; forests; habitats; larvae; lotic systems; species diversity; streams; Brazil
Abstract:
... Studies on mesohabitat scale have been used to shed light on the ecology and distribution of chironomid larvae in small streams. Thus, the objective of the present study was to examine the diversity and distribution of the Chironomidae assemblage on the mesohabitat scale in three streams located in different preserved areas of southeastern Brazil. In each stream, litter samples were obtained in th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13744-015-0305-6

30. Interactions Between Bt-Bioinsecticides and Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), a Predator of Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Author:
G O Magalhães; A M Vacari; C P DE Bortoli; A F Pomari; S A DE Bortoli; R A Polanczyk
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 521-527
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
life tables; biopesticides; humans; vegetable crops; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki; herbivores; Plutella xylostella; healthy diet; food production; population growth; ecosystems; Podisus nigrispinus; adverse effects; larvae
Abstract:
... Bioinsecticides are being increasingly used to protect vegetable crops against herbivores, but data on the side effects of such strategy on the third trophic level are still required. We investigated the influence of the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD-1 strain and of the commercial bioinsecticide Agree® on the biological aspects of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: P ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13744-015-0314-5

31. Langmuirian Blocking of Irreversible Colloid Retention: Analytical Solution, Moments, and Setback Distance

Author:
Feike J. Leij; Scott A. Bradford; Yusong Wang; Antonella Sciortino
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1473-1482
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Escherichia coli; aquifers; equations; ionic strength; microorganisms; models; nanoparticles; pathogens; remediation; risk; sand; soil
Abstract:
... Soil and aquifer materials have a finite capacity for colloid retention. Blocking of the limited number of available retention sites further decreases the rate of retention with time and enhances risks (e.g., pathogens or colloid-associated contaminants) or benefits (e.g., remediation by microorganisms or nanoparticles) of colloid migration. Our objective was to use a straightforward procedure, ba ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0147

32. Leaching of Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid through Silty Clay Soil Columns under Outdoor Conditions

Author:
Marco Napoli; Stefano Cecchi; Camillo A. Zanchi; Simone Orlandini
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1667-1673
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
glyphosate; groundwater contamination; leachates; leaching; metabolites; pesticide application; pollutants; rain; risk; silty clay soils; soil profiles; streams; vineyards; water table
Abstract:
... Glyphosate [N-(phosphono-methyl)-glycine] is the main herbicide used in the Chianti vineyards. Considering the pollution risk of the water table and that the vineyard tile drain may deliver this pollutant into nearby streams, the objective of the present study was to estimate the leaching losses of glyphosate under natural rainfall conditions in a silty clay soil in the Chianti area. The leaching ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.02.0104

33. Loss of traditional knowledge aggravates wolf–human conflict in Georgia (Caucasus) in the wake of socio-economic change

Author:
Zaal Kikvidze; Gigi Tevzadze
Source:
Ambio 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 452-457
ISSN:
0044-7447
Subject:
animal husbandry; bulls; correlation; dogs; habitats; herds; human-wildlife relations; indigenous knowledge; plantations; socioeconomics; wolves; Republic of Georgia
Abstract:
... Reports of the damage from wolf attacks have increased considerably over the last decade in Georgia (in the Caucasus). We interviewed locals about this problem in two focal regions: the Lanchkhuti area (in western Georgia) and Kazbegi District (in eastern Georgia) where livestock numbers had increased by an order of magnitude owing to dramatic shifts in the local economies over the last decade. Th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13280-014-0580-1
PubMed:
25413022
PubMed Central:
PMC4510320

34. Mechanical Testing of a Synthetic Canine Gastrocnemius Tendon Implant

Author:
Mark A. Morton; Richard G. Whitelock; John F. Innes
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 596-602
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
adults; dogs; models; polyethylene terephthalates; prostheses; surgery; t-test; France; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To test a polyethylene terephthalate prosthesis (STIF, Chenove, France) for gastrocnemius tendon repair in dogs (cadaver model). STUDY DESIGN: In vitro mechanical study. ANIMALS: Pelvic limbs (n = 8) from 4 recently euthanatized adult dogs (weighing 30–45 kg). METHODS: Proximally the implant was sutured at the myotendinous junction of the gastrocnemius and distally secured in a 4.5 mm b ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1532-950X.2015.12329.x

35. Microbial Transport and Fate in the Subsurface Environment: Introduction to the Special Section

Author:
Scott A. Bradford; Jack Schijven; Thomas Harter
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1333-1337
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
animal pathogens; aquifers; caves; drinking water; groundwater; groundwater contamination; microorganisms; remediation; soil horizons
Abstract:
... Microorganisms constitute an almost exclusive form of life in the earth’s subsurface environment (not including caves), particularly at depths exceeding the soil horizon. While of broad interest to ecology and geology, scientific interest in the fate and transport of microorganisms, particularly those introduced through the anthropogenic environment, has focused on understanding the subsurface env ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.07.0375

36. Molecules with a sense of logic: a progress report

Author:
Joakim Andréasson; Uwe Pischel
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1053-1069
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
information processing; systems engineering; transistors
Abstract:
... In this tutorial review, the most recent developments in the field of molecular logic and information processing are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the report of progress in the concatenation of molecular logic devices and switches, the design of memory systems working according to the principles of sequential logic, the mimicking of transistors, and the research on photochromic platforms ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4cs00342j

37. Morphology of the Lingual and Buccal Papillae in Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) – Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy

Author:
K. Goździewska‐Harłajczuk; J. Klećkowska‐Nawrot; M. Janeczek; M. Zawadzki
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 345-360
ISSN:
1439-0264
Subject:
Vicugna pacos; adults; alpacas; deglutition; epithelium; keratin; keratinization; palps; scanning electron microscopy; throat; tongue
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was the description of the lingual and buccal papillae in adult alpaca (Vicugna pacos) by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tongue consisted of apex, body and root. Four types of lingual papillae (filiform, fungiform, conical and circumvallate) in addition to two types of buccal papillae were observed. The filiform papillae, some with secondary papillae, were ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12147

38. Nucleic acid aptamers in cancer research, diagnosis and therapy

Author:
Haitao Ma; Jinping Liu; M. Monsur Ali; M. Arif Iftakher Mahmood; Louai Labanieh; Mengrou Lu; Samir M. Iqbal; Qun Zhang; Weian Zhao; Yuan Wan
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1240-1256
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
RNA; antineoplastic agents; biomarkers; cancer therapy; drug design; immunogenicity; oligonucleotides; single-stranded DNA; synthesis
Abstract:
... Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligomers, identified from a random sequence pool, with the ability to form unique and versatile tertiary structures that bind to cognate molecules with superior specificity. Their small size, excellent chemical stability and low immunogenicity enable them to rival antibodies in cancer imaging and therapy applications. Their facile chemical synthesis, versat ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4cs00357h

39. Olefinic C–H functionalization through radical alkenylation

Author:
Shan Tang; Kun Liu; Chao Liu; Aiwen Lei
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1070-1082
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
Lewis acids; alkenes; carbon-hydrogen bond activation; oxidation
Abstract:
... Direct olefinic C–H functionalization represents the ideal way of introducing an alkenyl group into organic molecules. A well-known process is the Heck reaction, which involves alkene insertion and β-hydride elimination in the presence of a transition metal. However, the traditional Heck reaction mainly deals with the alkenylation of aryl or vinyl electrophiles. Recent developments have revealed t ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4cs00347k

40. Outcome of Surgical and Medical Management of Cecal Impaction in 150 Horses (1991–2011)

Author:
Maia R. Aitken; Louise L. Southwood; Beth M. Ross; Michael W. Ross
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 540-546
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
death; euthanasia; horses; surgery
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To evaluate short‐ and long‐term outcome after medical and surgical management of horses with cecal impaction and to determine reasons for death or euthanasia. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: Horses (n = 150). METHODS: Data collected from medical records (1991–2011) of horses with a diagnosis of cecal impaction, included signalment, history of recent disease/surgical p ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1532-950X.2014.12286.x

41. Pathogen Decay during Managed Aquifer Recharge at Four Sites with Different Geochemical Characteristics and Recharge Water Sources

Author:
J. P. S. Sidhu; S. Toze; L. Hodgers; K. Barry; D. Page; Y. Li; P. Dillon
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1402-1412
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Cryptosporidium; Mastadenovirus; Rotavirus; anaerobic conditions; aquifers; enteropathogens; geochemistry; groundwater; hydrochemistry; microbiological quality; oocysts; pathogen survival; public health; risk; stormwater; viruses; water reuse
Abstract:
... Recycling of stormwater water and treated effluent via managed aquifer recharge (MAR) has often been hampered because of perceptions of low microbiological quality of recovered water and associated health risks. The goal of this study was to assess the removal of selected pathogens in four large-scale MAR schemes and to determine the influence of aquifer characteristics, geochemistry, and type of ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.03.0118

42. Perioperative Mortality and Long‐Term Survival in 80 Dogs and 32 Cats Undergoing Excision of Thymic Epithelial Tumors

Author:
Mark S. Garneau; Lori Lyn Price; Stephen J. Withrow; Sarah E. Boston; Patty J. Ewing; Janet Kovak McClaran; Julius M. Liptak; John Berg
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 557-564
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
cats; death; dogs; drug therapy; excision; neoplasms; radiotherapy; risk factors; survival rate
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To examine perioperative mortality, long‐term survival, causes of death, and prognostic factors for dogs and cats undergoing surgical excision of thymic epithelial tumors (TETs). STUDY DESIGN: Multi‐institutional case series. ANIMALS: Eighty dogs and 32 cats. METHODS: Follow‐up information was obtained for dogs and cats that underwent surgical excision of a TET between 2001 and 2012. RE ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1532-950X.2014.12304.x

43. Phoenix flagships: Conservation values and guanaco reintroduction in an anthropogenic landscape

Author:
Adrien Lindon; Meredith Root-Bernstein
Source:
Ambio 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 458-471
ISSN:
0044-7447
Subject:
Lama guanicoe; aesthetics; flagship species; habitats; interviews; landscapes; memory; public opinion; questionnaires; silvopastoral systems; Chile
Abstract:
... Multiple forms of valuation contribute to public acceptance of conservation projects. Here, we consider how esthetic, intrinsic, and utilitarian values contribute to public attitudes toward a proposed reintroduction of guanaco (Lama guanicoe) in a silvopastoral system of central Chile. The nexus among landscape perceptions and valuations, support for reintroductions, and management of anthropogeni ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13280-014-0608-6
PubMed:
25539866
PubMed Central:
PMC4510323

44. Pigeons are resistant to experimental infection with H7N9 avian influenza virus

Author:
Yuehuan Liu; Zhiyuan Yang; Xiuqing Wang; Jiming Chen; Jiezhang Yao; Yanjun Song; Jian Lin; Chunhua Han; Huijuan Duan; Jicheng Zhao; Jie Pan; Jia Xie
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 342-346
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Influenza A virus; antibodies; chickens; conjunctivitis; direct contact; hosts; intravenous injection; meat; necropsy; racing pigeons; viruses
Abstract:
... To determine the susceptibility of pigeons to the newly emerged avian influenza virus subtype H7N9, we experimentally infected three different types of pigeons (meat, town, and racing) with two different doses (2 × 10 ⁴ or 2 × 10 ⁵ EID ₅₀) of H7N9 avian influenza virus A/Chicken/China/2013 by either intranasal and intraocular inoculation (IN + IO) or intravenous injection (IV). In addition, the po ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1055235

45. Pin Size Selection for Normograde Intramedullary Pinning of Distal Humeral Fractures in the Dog

Author:
Anna Shipov; Erez Biton; Shachar Shati; Rotem Joseph; Joshua Milgram
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 565-570
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
blanching; cortex; dogs; forelimbs; humeral fractures; humerus; radiography; surgery
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal intramedullary (IM) pin size for open and percutaneous normograde pinning of the distal humerus. STUDY DESIGN: Ex vivo anatomic study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Sixteen canine cadavers. METHODS: Sixteen pairs of forelimbs were harvested from canine cadavers weighing 25–35 kg. The craniocaudal diameter of the humeral medullary canal, at the distal 80th percentile of its ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1532-950X.2014.12301.x

46. Pore-Scale Study of Flow Rate on Colloid Attachment and Remobilization in a Saturated Micromodel

Author:
Qiulan Zhang; A. Raoof; S. M. Hassanizadeh
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1376-1383
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
colloids; equations; fluorescence; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; latex; microparticles; models; polydimethylsiloxane; polystyrenes; porosity; saturated conditions
Abstract:
... Colloid attachment is an important retention mechanism. It is influenced by colloid size, pore size, and flow rate, among other factors. In this work, we studied colloid attachment experimentally under various flow rates, as well as colloid release in response to a rapid change of flow rate. Colloid transport experiments under saturated conditions and with different flow rates were conducted in a ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.01.0058

47. Prospective, Randomized Comparison of the Effect of Two Antimicrobial Regimes on Surgical Site Infection Rate in Dogs Undergoing Orthopedic Implant Surgery

Author:
Miranda J. Aiken; Thomas K. Hughes; Ralph H. Abercromby; Mark A. Holmes; Angus A. Anderson
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 661-667
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
disease control; dogs; drug therapy; drugs; orthopedics; prostheses; questionnaires; surgery
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVES: To determine whether extending prophylactic antimicrobial administration into the postoperative period would decrease the surgical site infection (SSI) rate in clean canine orthopedic surgery associated with a metal implant. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized prospective clinical study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Consecutive procedures (n = 400) on dogs that had clean orthopedic surgery using a metal im ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.12327

48. QMRAcatch: Microbial Quality Simulation of Water Resources including Infection Risk Assessment

Author:
Jack Schijven; Julia Derx; Ana Maria de Roda Husman; Alfred Paul Blaschke; Andreas H. Farnleitner
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 1491-1502
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Bacteroidetes; Campylobacter; Cryptosporidium; Enterovirus; Escherichia coli; Norovirus; birds; developmental stages; drinking water; floodplains; groundwater; microbiological quality; models; pathogens; public water supply; risk; risk assessment; rivers; runoff; swimming; viruses; wastewater; water quality; watersheds; wildlife; Austria; Danube River
Abstract:
... Given the complex hydrologic dynamics of water catchments and conflicts between nature protection and public water supply, models may help to understand catchment dynamics and evaluate contamination scenarios and may support best environmental practices and water safety management. A catchment model can be an educative tool for investigating water quality and for communication between parties with ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2015.01.0048
PubMed:
26436266
PubMed Central:
PMC4884445

49. Quantification of parasite shedding and horizontal transmission parameters in Histomonas meleagridis-infected turkeys determined by real-time quantitative PCR

Author:
W. J. M. Landman; C. ter Veen; H. M. J. F. van der Heijden; D. Klinkenberg
Source:
Avian pathology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 358-365
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Heterakis; Histomonas meleagridis; at-risk population; basic reproduction number; cloaca; detection limit; mortality; parasites; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; secondary infection; turkeys
Abstract:
... To gain more insight into the within flock transmission of Histomonas meleagridis , the shedding of parasites was quantified by a newly developed real-time quantitative (q)PCR and the basic reproduction number (R ₀) and the mean number of secondary infections per infectious bird per day in a susceptible population (β) of H. meleagridis in the absence of heterakis were assessed. Forty turkeys were ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2015.1058483

50. Redescription of the Monotypic Neotropical Genus Crepititermes Emerson (Termitidae: Termitinae)

Author:
M M Rocha; C Cuezzo
Source:
Neotropical entomology 2015 v.44 no.5 pp. 457-465
ISSN:
1519-566X
Subject:
Termitidae; digital images; geographical distribution; imagos; redescriptions; tropics; Brazil
Abstract:
... Based on a reexamination of specimens of Crepititermes Emerson deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil (MZUSP), we characterize the morphology and coiling in situ of the digestive tube of workers of Crepititermes verruculosus Emerson for the first time. We provide additional notes on the imago and soldier and present digital images and illustrations for a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13744-015-0307-4