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1. Blastocyst metabolism

Author:
Gardner, David K.; Harvey, Alexandra J.
Source:
Reproduction, fertility, and development 2015 v.27 no.4 pp. 638-654
ISSN:
1031-3613
Subject:
AMP-activated protein kinase; adenosine triphosphate; amino acids; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; blastocyst; blood vessels; endometrium; females; fetal development; glucose; glycolysis; males; mammals; metabolites; nutrient availability; oxygen; signal transduction
Abstract:
... The mammalian blastocyst exhibits an idiosyncratic metabolism, reflecting its unique physiology and its ability to undergo implantation. Glucose is the primary nutrient of the blastocyst, and is metabolised both oxidatively and through aerobic glycolysis. The production of significant quantities of lactate by the blastocyst reflects specific metabolic requirements and mitochondrial regulation; it ...
DOI:
10.1071/RD14421

2. Molecular Characterization and Expression Analyses of an Anthocyanin Synthase Gene from Magnolia sprengeri Pamp.

Author:
Shi, Shou-Guo; Li, Shan-Ju; Kang, Yong-Xiang; Liu, Jian-Jun
Source:
Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2015 v.175 no.1 pp. 477-488
ISSN:
0273-2289
Subject:
Ampelopsis; Magnolia; Prunus avium; Prunus salicina; Pyrus communis; amino acids; anthocyanins; binding sites; biochemical pathways; biotechnology; complementary DNA; corolla; genes; high performance liquid chromatography; open reading frames; plant development; polypeptides; proteins; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; sequence alignment
Abstract:
... Anthocyanin synthase (ANS), which catalyzes the conversion of colorless leucoanthocyanins into colored anthocyanins, is a key enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. It plays important roles in plant development and defense. An ANS gene designated as MsANS was cloned from Magnolia sprengeri using rapid amplification of complementary DNA (cDNA) ends technology. The full-length MsANS is 1171 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12010-014-1290-7

3. Proteomic and metabolomic responses of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to elevated pCO2 exposure

Author:
Wei, Lei; Wang, Qing; Wu, Huifeng; Ji, Chenglong; Zhao, Jianmin
Source:
Journal of proteomics 2015 v.112 pp. 83-94
ISSN:
1874-3919
Subject:
Crassostrea gigas; adenosine triphosphate; amino acids; aquatic organisms; biochemical pathways; calcium; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide enrichment; cytoskeleton; energy metabolism; gills; glucose; glycogen; hepatopancreas; homeostasis; marine ecosystems; metabolites; metabolomics; ocean acidification; organic acids and salts; osmoregulation; oysters; pH; primary energy; proteomics; seawater; stress response
Abstract:
... The gradually increased atmospheric CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) has thrown the carbonate chemistry off balance and resulted in decreased seawater pH in marine ecosystem, termed ocean acidification (OA). Anthropogenic OA is postulated to affect the physiology of many marine calcifying organisms. However, the susceptibility and metabolic pathways of change in most calcifying animals are still far fr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jprot.2014.08.010

4. Reconstruction and analysis of the genome-scale metabolic model of Lactobacillus casei LC2W

Author:
Xu, Nan; Liu, Jie; Ai, Lianzhong; Liu, Liming
Source:
Gene 2015 v.554 pp. 140-147
ISSN:
0378-1119
Subject:
Lactobacillus casei; acetoin; amino acids; biochemical pathways; carbon; cell growth; exopolysaccharides; fermentation; flavor compounds; genes; lactic acid; lactic acid bacteria; medicine; metabolic engineering; metabolites; models; nutrients; oxygen; pharmaceutical industry; probiotics; vitamins
Abstract:
... Lactobacillus casei LC2W is a recently isolated probiotic lactic acid bacterial strain, which is widely used in the dairy and pharmaceutical industries and in clinical medicine. The first genome-scale metabolic model for L. casei, composed of 846 genes, 969 metabolic reactions, and 785 metabolites, was reconstructed using both manual genome annotation and an automatic SEED model. Then, the iJL846 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gene.2014.10.034

5. Transcriptional profiles of Haloferax mediterranei based on nitrogen availability

Author:
Esclapez, J.; Pire, C.; Camacho, M.; Bautista, V.; Martínez-Espinosa, R.M.; Zafrilla, B.; Vegara, A.; Alcaraz, L.A.; Bonete, M.J.
Source:
Journal of biotechnology 2015 v.193 pp. 100-107
ISSN:
0168-1656
Subject:
Haloferax mediterranei; aerobic conditions; amino acids; ammonium nitrogen; biochemical pathways; culture media; gene expression; genes; halophiles; microarray technology; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; nitrogen; nitrogen metabolism; nucleotides; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; starvation; transcription (genetics); transcription factors
Abstract:
... The haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei is able to grow in the presence of different inorganic and organic nitrogen sources by means of the assimilatory pathway under aerobic conditions. In order to identify genes of potential importance in nitrogen metabolism and its regulation in the halophilic microorganism, we have analysed its global gene expression in three culture media with different nitro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.11.018

6. Metabolomics reveals significant impairments in the immune system of the APP/PS1 transgenic mice of Alzheimer's disease

Author:
González‐Domínguez, Raúl; García‐Barrera, Tamara; Vitorica, Javier; Gómez‐Ariza, José Luis
Source:
Electrophoresis 2015 v.36 no.4 pp. 577-587
ISSN:
0173-0835
Subject:
Alzheimer disease; amino acids; biochemical pathways; brain; electrophoresis; energy deficiencies; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; genetically modified organisms; homeostasis; metabolism; metabolites; metabolomics; mice; multivariate analysis; neurodegenerative diseases; oxidative stress; phospholipids; spleen; tissues; tumor necrosis factors
Abstract:
... Inflammatory processes and other failures related to the immune system are common features associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), in both brain and the peripheral system. Thus, the study of the main organs of the immune system may have a great potential for the elucidation of pathological mechanisms underlying these abnormalities. This is the first metabolomic investigation performed in spleen ...
DOI:
10.1002/elps.201400450

7. Overcoming ammonium toxicity

Author:
Bittsánszky, András; Pilinszky, Katalin; Gyulai, Gábor; Komives, Tamas
Source:
Plant science 2015 v.231 pp. 184-190
ISSN:
0168-9452
Subject:
amino acids; ammonia; ammonium compounds; apoptosis; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; chemical reactions; enzymes; genetic databases; mutants; nitrogen; oxidative stress; plant tissues; toxicity; transporters
Abstract:
... Ammonia (ammonium ion under physiological conditions) is one of the key nitrogen sources in cellular amino acid biosynthesis. It is continuously produced in living organisms by a number of biochemical processes, but its accumulation in cells leads to tissue damage. Current knowledge suggests that a few enzymes and transporters are responsible for maintaining the delicate balance of ammonium fluxes ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.12.005

8. Comparative proteomic analysis of seedling leaves of cold-tolerant and -sensitive spring soybean cultivars

Author:
Tian, Xin; Liu, Ying; Huang, Zhigang; Duan, Huaping; Tong, Jianhua; He, Xiaoling; Gu, Weihong; Ma, Hao; Xiao, Langtao
Source:
Molecular biology reports 2015 v.42 no.3 pp. 581-601
ISSN:
0301-4851
Subject:
Glycine max; amino acids; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; cold stress; cold tolerance; cultivars; cytoskeletal proteins; energy; leaves; lipid metabolism; metabolites; nitrogen metabolism; photosynthesis; polyamines; protein degradation; protein folding; proteolysis; proteomics; seedlings; signal transduction; soybeans; spring; storage proteins; stress response; translation (genetics)
Abstract:
... Cold stress adversely affects the growth and development of seedling of spring soybean. Revealing responses in seedling to cold stress at proteomic level will help us to breed cold-tolerant spring soybean cultivars. In this study, to understand the responses, a proteomic analysis on the leaves of seedlings of one cold-tolerant soybean cultivar and one cold-sensitive soybean cultivar at 5 °C for di ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11033-014-3803-4

9. 2-Keto acids based biosynthesis pathways for renewable fuels and chemicals

Author:
Tashiro, Yohei; Rodriguez, Gabriel M.; Atsumi, Shota
Source:
Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology 2015 v.42 no.3 pp. 361-373
ISSN:
1367-5435
Subject:
acids; amino acids; beneficial microorganisms; biochemical pathways; biological development; biomass; biosynthesis; biotechnology; energy; fuels; glucose; industrial microbiology; metabolic engineering; synthetic biology
Abstract:
... Global energy and environmental concerns have driven the development of biological chemical production from renewable sources. Biological processes using microorganisms are efficient and have been traditionally utilized to convert biomass (i.e., glucose) to useful chemicals such as amino acids. To produce desired fuels and chemicals with high yield and rate, metabolic pathways have been enhanced a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10295-014-1547-8

10. Non‐targeted Metabolomic Profile of Fagus Sylvatica L. Leaves using Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry and Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry

Author:
Cadahía, Estrella; Fernández de Simón, Brígida; Aranda, Ismael; Sanz, Miriam; Sánchez‐Gómez, David; Pinto, Ernani
Source:
Phytochemical analysis 2015 v.26 no.2 pp. 171-182
ISSN:
0958-0344
Subject:
terpenoids; fatty acids; proanthocyanidins; coumaric acids; ionization; polyols; reactive oxygen species; trees; flavanols; liquid chromatography; forests; biomarkers; carbohydrates; secondary metabolites; amino acids; metabolome; metabolomics; leaves; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; flavonols; climate change; abiotic stress; Fagus sylvatica; leaf extracts; biochemical pathways; sterols
Abstract:
... INTRODUCTION: Fagus sylvatica L. is one of the most widely distributed broad‐leaved tree species in central and western Europe, important to the forest sector and an accurate biomarker of climate change. OBJECTIVE: To profile the beech leaf metabolome for future studies in order to investigate deeper into the characterisation of its metabolic response. METHODS: Leaf extracts were analysed using LC ...
DOI:
10.1002/pca.2549

11. Fermentation and alternative oxidase contribute to the action of amino acid biosynthesis-inhibiting herbicides

Author:
Zulet, Amaia; Gil-Monreal, Miriam; Zabalza, Ana; van Dongen, Joost T.; Royuela, Mercedes
Source:
Journal of plant physiology 2015 v.175 pp. 102-112
ISSN:
0176-1617
Subject:
Arabidopsis; acetolactate synthase; adenosine triphosphate; alcohol dehydrogenase; amino acids; biochemical pathways; carbohydrates; enzyme inhibition; ethanol fermentation; free amino acids; glyphosate; herbicidal properties; knockout mutants; pyruvic acid; toxicity; transfer DNA
Abstract:
... Acetolactate synthase inhibitors (ALS-inhibitors) and glyphosate (GLP) are two classes of herbicide that act by the specific inhibition of an enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of branched-chain or aromatic amino acids, respectively. The physiological effects that are detected after application of these two classes of herbicides are not fully understood in relation to the primary biochemical targe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jplph.2014.12.004

12. Transcriptome analysis reveals the oxidative stress response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Author:
Zhao, Hongwei; Chen, Jingyu; Liu, Jingjing; Han, Beizhong
Source:
RSC advances 2015 v.5 no.29 pp. 22923-22934
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae; amino acids; biochemical pathways; cAMP-dependent protein kinase; carbon metabolism; fatty acids; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; hydrogen peroxide; mitogen-activated protein kinase; mutants; mutation; oxidative stress; sequence analysis; signal transduction; stress response; stress tolerance; transcription (genetics); transcription factors; transcriptomics; yeasts
Abstract:
... The oxidation stress tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was improved by global transcription machinery engineering in our previous work. To explore the global perturbation induced by the mutant transcription factor Taf25, an RNA-Seq based gene expression analysis was conducted. Compared to the control strain, a total of 1006 genes with significantly differential expression levels were identifie ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra14600j

13. Cloning and expression analysis of the R2R3-PsMYB1 gene associated with bud dormancy during chilling treatment in the tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa)

Author:
Zhang, Yuxi; Zhang, Lu; Gai, Shupeng; Liu, Chunying; Lu, Shen
Source:
Plant growth regulation 2015 v.75 no.3 pp. 667-676
ISSN:
0167-6903
Subject:
transcription factors; buds; grapes; complementary DNA; phylogeny; budbreak; biochemical pathways; Paeonia suffruticosa; amino acids; gene expression; genes; cold treatment; trees; dormancy; temperature; sequence homology; tissues
Abstract:
... Transcription factor (TF) MYB-like proteins are involved in many physiological and biochemical processes. This study isolated the full length cDNA encoding a MYB from the tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.), whose GenBank Accession No. is KC282466. The deduced MYB-like protein sequence shares extensive sequence similarity with previously characterized plant R2R3-MYBs, and was named PsMYB1 acco ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10725-014-9968-y

14. Gene expression profiling for seed protein and oil synthesis during early seed development in soybean

Author:
Jang, Young Eun; Kim, Moon Young; Shim, Sangrea; Lee, Jayern; Lee, Suk-Ha
Source:
Genes & genomics 2015 v.37 no.4 pp. 409-418
ISSN:
1976-9571
Subject:
filling period; nutrient content; flowering; carbon; cell walls; gene expression; amino acids; biotin; gene expression regulation; aldehyde reductase; Arabidopsis; Glycine max; seeds; oils; beta-fructofuranosidase; crops; protein synthesis; soybeans; biochemical pathways; duplicate genes
Abstract:
... Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important crops because of its high seed contents of protein and oil. However, little is known about the molecular regulation of seed filling during accumulation of seed protein and oil storage products. We identified soybean homologs of Arabidopsis genes involved in metabolic pathways of carbon precursors, protein, and oil, and analyzed gene expression ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13258-015-0269-2

15. Genomic and chemical insights into biosurfactant production by the mangrove-derived strain Bacillus safensis CCMA-560

Author:
Domingos, Daniela Ferreira; de Faria, Andreia Fonseca; de Souza Galaverna, Renan; Eberlin, Marcos Nogueira; Greenfield, Paul; Zucchi, Tiago Domingues; Melo, Itamar Soares; Tran-Dinh, Nai; Midgley, David; de Oliveira, Valéria Maia
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2015 v.99 no.7 pp. 3155-3167
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Bacillus pumilus; Bacillus subtilis; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; amino acids; biochemical pathways; bioinformatics; biosurfactants; biotechnology; chemical analysis; chemical composition; fatty acids; feedstocks; genes; gramicidin; industry; lipopeptides; mass spectrometry; microbiology; petroleum; toxicity
Abstract:
... Many Bacillus species can produce biosurfactant, although most of the studies on lipopeptide production by this genus have been focused on Bacillus subtilis. Surfactants are broadly used in pharmaceutical, food and petroleum industry, and biological surfactant shows some advantages over the chemical surfactants, such as less toxicity, production from renewable, cheaper feedstocks and development o ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-015-6377-8

16. In Vitro Antifungal Activity and Probable Fungicidal Mechanism of Aqueous Extract of Barleria Grandiflora

Author:
Kumari, Suman; Jain, Preeti; Sharma, Bhawana; Kadyan, Preeti; Dabur, Rajesh
Source:
Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2015 v.175 no.8 pp. 3571-3584
ISSN:
0273-2289
Subject:
Aspergillus fumigatus; Barleria; amino acids; antifungal agents; antifungal properties; biochemical pathways; biotechnology; cold; fungi; high performance liquid chromatography; mechanism of action; plant extracts; secondary metabolites; synergism; India
Abstract:
... Barleria grandiflora Dalz. (Acanthaceae) is being used in India to treat different types of disorders including skin infections. Therefore, there are good possibilities to find antifungal compounds in its extracts with novel mechanism of action. The main objectives of the present study were to evaluate the antifungal activity of plant extracts and to study its effects on metabolic pathways of A. f ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12010-015-1527-0

17. Lactic metabolism revisited: metabolism of lactic acid bacteria in food fermentations and food spoilage

Author:
Gänzle, Michael G
Source:
Current opinion in food science 2015 v.2 pp. 106-117
ISSN:
2214-7993
Subject:
amino acids; biochemical pathways; carbohydrates; environmental factors; fermented foods; food safety; food spoilage; lactic acid bacteria; metabolism; organic acids and salts; sensory properties; shelf life
Abstract:
... Sensory properties, shelf life, and safety of a majority of fermented foods are determined by the metabolic activity of food fermenting lactic acid bacteria. This communication reviews major metabolic routes of lactic acid bacteria, and indicates how metabolism is influenced by the environmental conditions or manipulated for improved control of food fermentations. Emphasis is placed on homoferment ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cofs.2015.03.001

18. Alkaline conditions in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography for intracellular metabolite quantification using tandem mass spectrometry

Author:
Teleki, Attila; Sánchez-Kopper, Andrés; Takors, Ralf
Source:
Analytical biochemistry 2015 v.475 pp. 4-13
ISSN:
0003-2697
Subject:
Escherichia coli; amino acids; biochemical pathways; calibration; derivatization; hydrophilic interaction chromatography; hydrophilicity; isotope dilution technique; liquids; metabolic engineering; metabolism; metabolites; models; monitoring; nucleotides; organic acids and salts; sugar phosphates; tandem mass spectrometry; zwitterions
Abstract:
... Modeling of metabolic networks as part of systems metabolic engineering requires reliable quantitative experimental data of intracellular concentrations. The hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC–ESI–MS/MS) method was used for quantitative profiling of more than 50 hydrophilic key metabolites of cellular metabolism. Without prior deri ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ab.2015.01.002

19. Non-indolyl cruciferous phytoalexins: Nasturlexins and tridentatols, a striking convergent evolution of defenses in terrestrial plants and marine animals?

Author:
Pedras, M. Soledade C.; To, Q. Huy
Source:
Phytochemistry 2015 v.113 pp. 57-63
ISSN:
0031-9422
Subject:
Nasturtium officinale; abiotic stress; amino acids; animals; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; chemical defenses; chemical structure; convergent evolution; crops; metabolites; pests; phytoalexins; predators; spectral analysis; spectroscopy; watercress
Abstract:
... Highly specialized chemical defense pathways are a particularly noteworthy metabolic characteristic of sessile organisms, whether terrestrial or marine, providing protection against pests and diseases. For this reason, knowledge of the metabolites involved in these processes is crucial to producing ecologically fit crops. Toward this end, the elicited chemical defenses of the crucifer watercress ( ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.07.024

20. Sensitivity of two Nostoc species harbouring diverse habitats to ultraviolet-B radiation

Author:
Richa,; Sinha, Rajeshwar P.
Source:
Microbiology 2015 v.84 no.3 pp. 398-407
ISSN:
0026-2617
Subject:
Nostoc; amino acids; ascorbate peroxidase; biochemical pathways; carotenoids; catalase; chlorophyll; death; defense mechanisms; habitats; irradiation; peroxidase; phycocyanin; reactive oxygen species; superoxide dismutase; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... The effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B; 280–315 nm) radiation on certain key physiological and biochemical processes were studied in two Nostoc species harbouring diverse habitats. Nostoc sp. strain HKAR-2, a thermophilic cyanobacterium, was isolated from the hot-spring, Rajgir, whereas, Nostoc sp. HKAR-6 was a rice-field isolate from Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Complete killing of the cells o ...
DOI:
10.1134/S0026261715030169

21. A new enzyme involved in the control of the stereochemistry in the decalin formation during equisetin biosynthesis

Author:
Kato, Naoki; Nogawa, Toshihiko; Hirota, Hiroshi; Jang, Jae-Hyuk; Takahashi, Shunji; Ahn, Jong Seog; Osada, Hiroyuki
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2015 v.460 pp. 210-215
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
Fusarium; amino acids; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; cycloaddition reactions; fungi; genes; proteins; secondary metabolites; stereochemistry
Abstract:
... Tetramic acid containing a decalin ring such as equisetin and phomasetin is one of the characteristic scaffolds found in fungal bioactive secondary metabolites. Polyketide (PKS)-nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) hybrid enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of the polyketide scaffold conjugated with an amino acid. PKS-NRPS hybrid complex programs to create structural diversity in the polyket ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.011

22. Metabonomic Changes Associated with Atherosclerosis Progression for LDLR–/– Mice

Author:
Li, Dan; Zhang, Lulu; Dong, Fangcong; Liu, Yan; Li, Ning; Li, Huihui; Lei, Hehua; Hao, Fuhua; Wang, Yulan; Zhu, Yi; Tang, Huiru
Source:
Journal of Proteome Research 2015 v.14 no.5 pp. 2237-2254
ISSN:
1535-3907
Subject:
allantoin; amino acids; atherosclerosis; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; cholesterol; choline; collagen; diet; gene expression; histopathology; homeostasis; hyperlipidemia; inducible nitric oxide synthase; inflammation; intercellular adhesion molecule-1; interleukin-1beta; intestinal microorganisms; kidneys; liver; macrophages; metabolomics; mice; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; oxidative stress; pathogenesis; purines; pyrimidines; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; urine
Abstract:
... Atherosclerosis resulting from hyperlipidemia causes many serious cardiovascular diseases. To understand the systems changes associated with pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis, we comprehensively analyzed the dynamic metabonomic changes in multiple biological matrices of LDLR–/– mice using NMR and GC–FID/MS with gene expression, clinical chemistry, and histopathological data as well. ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00032

23. Quantification of the Host Response Proteome after Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection

Author:
Berard, Alicia R.; Coombs, Kevin M.; Severini, Alberto
Source:
Journal of proteome research 2015 v.14 no.5 pp. 2121-2142
ISSN:
1535-3907
Subject:
proteins; proteome; cell death; cell movement; DNA replication; Human alphaherpesvirus 1; host-pathogen relationships; humans; cell culture; isotope labeling; inflammation; biochemical pathways; gene expression; amino acids; viruses; immune system; proteomics; RNA; hypoxia; stable isotopes
Abstract:
... Viruses employ numerous host cell metabolic functions to propagate and manage to evade the host immune system. For herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), a virus that has evolved to efficiently infect humans without seriously harming the host in most cases, the virus–host interaction is specifically interesting. This interaction can be best characterized by studying the proteomic changes that occur i ...
DOI:
10.1021/pr5012284

24. cDNA-AFLP analysis on 2 Osmanthus fragrans cultivars with different flower color and molecular characteristics of OfMYB1 gene

Author:
Han, Yuanji; Chen, Weicai; Yang, Fengbo; Wang, Xiaohui; Dong, Meifang; Zhou, Ping; Shang, Fude
Source:
Trees 2015 v.29 no.3 pp. 931-940
ISSN:
0931-1890
Subject:
Osmanthus fragrans; amino acids; anthocyanins; biochemical pathways; cell nucleus; color; complementary DNA; corolla; cultivars; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; hybrids; phylogeny; polypeptides; protoplasts; sequence analysis; signal transduction; transcription factors; trees; yeasts
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE : In this study, we carried out cDNA-AFLP analysis on petals of 2 Osmanthus fragrans cultivars, yielding 102 cDNA fragments. OfMYB1 gene was cloned and the molecular characteristics were studied. The Osmanthus fragrans cultivars ‘Dangui’ and ‘Yingui’ differ considerably in floral coloration and volatiles. We carried out cDNA-AFLP analysis on petals of the two cultivars to isolate genes ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00468-015-1175-6

25. Enhancement of L-valine production in Bacillus licheniformis by blocking three branched pathways

Author:
Liang, Chengwen; Huo, Yanli; Qi, Gaofu; Wei, Xuetuan; Wang, Qin; Chen, Shouwen
Source:
Biotechnology letters 2015 v.37 no.6 pp. 1243-1248
ISSN:
0141-5492
Subject:
Bacillus licheniformis; amino acids; biochemical pathways; genes; mutants
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVES: Bacillus licheniformis WX-02 is used for the production of many valuable chemicals. Here, we have sought to improve L-valine production by blocking the metabolic pathways related to branched-chain amino acids. RESULTS: The synthesis genes of L-leucine (leuA) and L-isoleucine (ilvA) were deleted to obtain mutant strains. L-Valine yields of WX-02ΔleuA and WX-02ΔilvA reached 33.2 and 21.1 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10529-015-1783-7

26. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of lipoxygenase (AsLOX1) gene in Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg and its expression responding to MeJA and crush wounding treatment

Author:
Liao, Yong-Cui; Xu, Yan-Hong; Zhang, Zheng; Wei, Jian-He
Source:
Plant gene 2015 v.2 pp. 10-16
ISSN:
2352-4073
Subject:
phylogeny; medicinal plants; isoelectric point; genes; plant damage; roots; callus; economic valuation; stems; open reading frames; jasmonic acid; Theobroma cacao; gene expression; amino acids; transcriptome; molecular weight; gene expression regulation; Aquilaria sinensis; defense mechanisms; sequence analysis; plant growth; complementary DNA; growth and development; linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase; methyl jasmonate; amino acid sequences; molecular cloning; proteins; plant stress; biosynthesis; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; biochemical pathways
Abstract:
... Lipoxygenase (LOX) not only acts as a key enzyme in the octadecanoid pathway and jasmonate (JA) synthesis, but also plays a significant role in plant growth and development, especially plant defense. The LOX gene, however, remains unclear in Aquilaria sinensis, a “wounding-induced-type” medicinal plant with great economic value. Based on the transcriptome data, a full-length cDNA sequence of LOX g ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plgene.2015.02.002

27. Nutritional regulation of the anabolic fate of amino acids within the liver in mammals: concepts arising from in vivo studies

Author:
Wester, T. J.; Kraft, G.; Dardevet, D.; Polakof, S.; Ortigues-Marty, I.; Rémond, D.; Savary-Auzeloux, I.
Source:
Nutrition research reviews 2015 v.28 no.1 pp. 22-41
ISSN:
1475-2700
Subject:
acute phase proteins; amino acids; biochemical pathways; carnivores; cytokines; diet; gluconeogenesis; glucose; homeostasis; in vivo studies; insulin; lactation; liver; mammals; nutrient requirements; nutrients; oxidation; pathological processes and conditions; protein synthesis; signal transduction; tissues
Abstract:
... At the crossroad between nutrient supply and requirements, the liver plays a central role in partitioning nitrogenous nutrients among tissues. The present review examines the utilisation of amino acids (AA) within the liver in various physiopathological states in mammals and how the fates of AA are regulated. AA uptake by the liver is generally driven by the net portal appearance of AA. This coord ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0954422415000013
PubMed:
26156215

28. A targeted metabolomics approach toward understanding metabolic variations in rice under pesticide stress

Author:
Mahdavi, Vahideh; Farimani, Mahdi Moridi; Fathi, Fariba; Ghassempour, Alireza
Source:
Analytical biochemistry 2015 v.478 pp. 65-72
ISSN:
0003-2697
Subject:
Oryza sativa; amino acids; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; diazinon; exposure duration; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; metabolites; metabolome; metabolomics; multivariate analysis; organic acids and salts; paddies; phenylpropanoids; plant response; rice; sugars; Iran
Abstract:
... Diazinon insecticide is widely applied throughout rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields in Iran. However, concerns are now being raised about its potential adverse impacts on rice fields. In this study, a time-course metabolic change in rice plants was investigated after diazinon treatment using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and subsequently the statistical strategy of random forest (RF) w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ab.2015.02.021

29. Human Metabolic Responses to Chronic Environmental Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure by a Metabolomic Approach

Author:
Wang, Zhonghua; Zheng, Yajie; Zhao, Baoxin; Zhang, Yanping; Liu, Zhe; Xu, Jing; Chen, Yanhua; Yang, Zhao; Wang, Fenfen; Wang, Huiqing; He, Jiuming; Zhang, Ruiping; Abliz, Zeper
Source:
Journal of Proteome Research 2015 v.14 no.6 pp. 2583-2593
ISSN:
1535-3907
Subject:
amino acids; biochemical pathways; biomarkers; glucuronic acid; humans; lipids; metabolism; metabolites; metabolomics; mutagens; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; proteome; regression analysis; urine
Abstract:
... The toxicities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been extensively explored due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic potency; however, little is known about the metabolic responses to chronic environmental PAH exposure among the general population. In the present study, 566 healthy volunteers were dichotomized into exposed and control groups to investigate PAH-induced perturbations in ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00134

30. Identification and functional analysis of a cytochrome P450 gene CYP9AQ2 involved in deltamethrin detoxification from Locusta migratoria

Author:
Guo, Yanqiong; Zhang, Xueyao; Wu, Haihua; Yu, Rongrong; Zhang, Jianzhen; Zhu, Kun Yan; Guo, Yaping; Ma, Enbo
Source:
Pesticide biochemistry and physiology 2015 v.122 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
0048-3575
Subject:
Locusta migratoria; Malpighian tubules; RNA; adults; amino acids; biochemical pathways; brain; cecum; complementary DNA; cytochrome P-450; deltamethrin; eggs; enzymes; fat body; foregut; genes; hemolymph; hindgut; hydroxylation; insects; midgut; migratory behavior; mortality; nymphs; open reading frames
Abstract:
... A 1578-bp cDNA of a cytochrome P450 gene (CYP9AQ2) was sequenced from the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria. It contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 1557 bp that encodes 519 amino acid residues. As compared with other known insect cytochrome P450 enzymes, the overall structure of its deduced protein is highly conserved. The expression of CYP9AQ2 was relatively higher in nymphal stages than i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.01.003

31. Kiwifruit fermentation drives positive gut microbial and metabolic changes irrespective of initial microbiota composition

Author:
Blatchford, Paul; Stoklosinski, Halina; Walton, Gemma; Swann, Jonathan; Gibson, Glenn; Gearry, Richard; Ansell, Juliet
Source:
Bioactive carbohydrates and dietary fibre 2015 v.6 no.1 pp. 37-45
ISSN:
2212-6198
Subject:
Bacteroides; Bifidobacterium; acetates; amino acids; biochemical pathways; butyrates; dietary fiber; digestive system; fermenters; human health; humans; inoculum; intestinal microorganisms; kiwifruit; metabolism; metabolites; microbial ecology; models; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; oligosaccharides; phylogeny; propionic acid
Abstract:
... It is well established that individuals vary greatly in the composition of their core microbiota. Despite differing ecology, we show here that metabolic capacity converges under the pressure of kiwifruit substrates in a model gut system. The impact of pre-digested green and gold kiwifruit on the human colonic microbiota and their metabolic products was assessed using in vitro, pH-controlled, anaer ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bcdf.2015.07.001

32. Salinity-induced metabolic profile changes in Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. suspension cells

Author:
Ni, Jianwei; Yang, Xiuyan; Zhu, Jianfeng; Liu, Zhengxiang; Ni, Yuanying; Wu, Haiwen; Zhang, Huaxin; Liu, Tao
Source:
Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture 2015 v.122 no.1 pp. 239-248
ISSN:
0167-6857
Subject:
Nitraria; amino acids; biochemical pathways; biomass; cell biology; fatty acids; growth and development; homeostasis; mass spectrometry; metabolites; metabolomics; models; osmotic pressure; plant growth; salinity; salt stress; salt tolerance; sodium chloride; stress response; stress tolerance; sugars
Abstract:
... Salinity is an important abiotic stress that severely depresses plant growth and development. Plants have evolved salinity tolerance mechanisms to enable adaptation to hostile environments. Generally, metabolic networks must be reconfigured to maintain metabolic homeostasis and to mitigate the stress. However, the mechanisms of plant stress-response systems are incompletely understood, which repre ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11240-015-0744-0

33. Identification of diagnostic biomarkers and metabolic pathway shifts of heat-stressed lactating dairy cows

Author:
Tian, He; Wang, Weiyu; Zheng, Nan; Cheng, Jianbo; Li, Songli; Zhang, Yangdong; Wang, Jiaqi
Source:
Journal of proteomics 2015 v.125 pp. 17-28
ISSN:
1874-3919
Subject:
3-hydroxybutyric acid; acetone; amino acids; animal performance; arachidonic acid; betaine; biochemical pathways; biomarkers; creatine; dairy cows; dairy industry; glucose; heat stress; lactation; lactic acid; lysophosphatidylcholine; metabolic diseases; metabolic studies; metabolism; metabolites; metabolomics; monitoring; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pyruvic acid; trimethylamine
Abstract:
... Controlling heat stress (HS) is a global challenge for the dairy industry. However, simple and reliable biomarkers that aid the diagnoses of HS-induced metabolic disorders have not yet been identified. In this work, an integrated metabolomic and lipidomic approach using ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance and ultra-fast LC–MS was employed to investigate the discrimination of plasma metabolic profiles be ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jprot.2015.04.014

34. Combining Stable Isotope Labeling and Molecular Networking for Biosynthetic Pathway Characterization

Author:
Klitgaard, Andreas; Nielsen, Jakob B.; Frandsen, Rasmus J. N.; Andersen, Mikael R.; Nielsen, Kristian F.
Source:
Analytical chemistry 2015 v.87 no.13 pp. 6520-6526
ISSN:
1520-6882
Subject:
Aspergillus nidulans; amino acids; antibiotics; bioactive compounds; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; fungi; genes; immunosuppressive agents; isotope labeling; metabolites; peptides; stable isotopes
Abstract:
... Filamentous fungi are a rich source of bioactive compounds, ranging from statins over immunosuppressants to antibiotics. The coupling of genes to metabolites is of large commercial interest for production of the bioactives of the future. To this end, we have investigated the use of stable isotope labeled amino acids (SILAAs). SILAAs were added to the cultivation media of the filamentous fungus Asp ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01934

35. Genetic redundancy is prevalent within the 6.7 Mb Sinorhizobium meliloti genome

Author:
diCenzo, George C.; Finan, Turlough M.
Source:
Molecular genetics and genomics 2015 v.290 no.4 pp. 1345-1356
ISSN:
1617-4615
Subject:
biosynthesis; phenotype; cell growth; synthetic biology; mutagenesis; Ensifer meliloti; biochemical pathways; plasmids; amino acids; carbon; genes; transposons
Abstract:
... Biological pathways are frequently identified via a genetic loss-of-function approach. While this approach has proven to be powerful, it is imperfect as illustrated by well-studied pathways continuing to have missing steps. One potential limiting factor is the masking of phenotypes through genetic redundancy. The prevalence of genetic redundancy in bacterial species has received little attention, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00438-015-0998-6

36. Hydrolytic enzyme protease in sludge: Recovery and its application

Author:
Karn, Santosh Kumar; Kumar, Awanish
Source:
Biotechnology and bioprocess engineering 2015 v.20 no.4 pp. 652-661
ISSN:
1226-8372
Subject:
amino acids; biochemical pathways; biodegradability; biodegradation; cities; dietary protein; digestion; industrial applications; industrial wastes; leather; leather industry; medicine; microorganisms; population growth; proteinases; pulp; pulp and paper mills; sludge; textile industry; therapeutics; urbanization; waste treatment
Abstract:
... Excess of sludge generated by industries and municipal waste treatment is becomes a serious issue, mainly due to the growth of population and urbanization or development of new cities and the increases in the industrial activity. Protease refers to a group of important enzymes that hydrolyze or breakdown the protein molecules and involved in variety of biochemical pathways in living cells. They ar ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12257-015-0161-6

37. Isolation, characterization, interaction of a thiazolekinase (Plasmodium falciparum) with silver nanoparticles

Author:
Yao, J.; van Marwijk, J.; Wilhelmi, B.; Whiteley, C.G.
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2015 v.79 pp. 644-653
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Plasmodium falciparum; amino acids; biochemical pathways; diet; enzyme inhibition; enzymes; gel chromatography; humans; infectious diseases; malaria; molecular weight; nanosilver; nickel; pH; parasites; protein subunits; sulfur; temperature; thiamin
Abstract:
... Malaria, a mosquito-borne infectious disease, is caused by the Plasmodium genus, and remains one of the greatest health challenges worldwide. The malarial parasite possess a biosynthetic pathway for the B-group vitamin incorporating the thiamine metabolizing enzymes; humans on the other hand cannot synthesize the vitamin and require it from within their diet. The vitamin B1 biosynthetic enzyme 5-( ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.05.033

38. Metabolic profiling of chickpea-Fusarium interaction identifies differential modulation of disease resistance pathways

Author:
Kumar, Yashwant; Dholakia, Bhushan B.; Panigrahi, Priyabrata; Kadoo, Narendra Y.; Giri, Ashok P.; Gupta, Vidya S.
Source:
Phytochemistry 2015 v.116 pp. 120-129
ISSN:
0031-9422
Subject:
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri; Fusarium wilt; alkaloids; amino acids; biochemical mechanisms; biochemical pathways; chickpeas; crops; cultivars; dietary protein; disease resistance; humans; isoflavonoids; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; metabolites; metabolomics; multivariate analysis; sugars; vegetarian diet
Abstract:
... Chickpea is the third most widely grown legume in the world and mainly used as a vegetarian source of human dietary protein. Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (Foc), is one of the major threats to global chickpea production. Host resistance is the best way to protect crops from diseases; however, in spite of using various approaches, the mechanism of Foc resistance in chick ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.04.001

39. The effect of calving in the summer on the hepatic transcriptome of Holstein cows during the peripartal period

Author:
Shahzad, K.; Akbar, H.; Vailati-Riboni, M.; Basiricò, L.; Morera, P.; Rodriguez-Zas, S.L.; Nardone, A.; Bernabucci, U.; Loor, J.J.
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2015 v.98 no.8 pp. 5401-5413
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
Holstein; RNA; ambient temperature; amino acids; biochemical pathways; biopsy; calving; computer software; dairy cows; endoplasmic reticulum; energy; energy metabolism; epigenetics; fatty acids; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; gluconeogenesis; glucose; heat shock response; lactation; lipoproteins; liver; microarray technology; oxidation; photoperiod; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; spring; summer; transcription factors; transcriptome
Abstract:
... The liver is the main metabolic organ coordinating the adaptations that take place during the peripartal period of dairy cows. A successful transition into lactation, rather than management practices alone, depends on environmental factors such as temperature, season of parturition, and photoperiod. Therefore, we analyzed the effect of calving season on the hepatic transcriptome of dairy cows duri ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2015-9409

40. Comparative genome analysis of five Pasteurella multocida strains to decipher the diversification in pathogenicity and host specialization

Author:
Okay, Sezer; Kurt Kızıldoğan, Aslıhan
Source:
Gene 2015 v.567 pp. 58-72
ISSN:
0378-1119
Subject:
Gram-negative bacteria; Pasteurella multocida; amino acid metabolism; amino acid sequences; amino acids; biochemical pathways; cattle; drug resistance; energy; genes; genetic databases; missense mutation; mutants; nonsense mutation; nucleic acids; nucleotide sequences; pathogenicity; pathogens; phylogeny; poultry; proteins; recombinant vaccines; sequence analysis; sequence deletion; swine; vaccine development
Abstract:
... Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen causing economically important diseases in distinct animal species. Complete genome sequences of five P. multocida strains (Pm70, HB03, HN06, 3480, and 36950) isolated from poultry, swine or bovine, were retrieved from the GenBank database and compared with each other, for the first time. The missense mutations generating a dissimilar ami ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gene.2015.04.063

41. Auxotrophy and intrapopulation complementary in the ‘interactome’ of a cultivated freshwater model community

Author:
Garcia, Sarahi L.; Buck, Moritz; McMahon, Katherine D.; Grossart, Hans‐Peter; Eiler, Alexander; Warnecke, Falk
Source:
Molecular ecology 2015 v.24 no.17 pp. 4449-4459
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
Crenarchaeota; amino acids; bacteria; biochemical pathways; freshwater; genes; lakes; metagenomics; mixed culture; plankton; vitamin B12
Abstract:
... Microorganisms are usually studied either in highly complex natural communities or in isolation as monoclonal model populations that we manage to grow in the laboratory. Here, we uncover the biology of some of the most common and yet‐uncultured bacteria in freshwater environments using a mixed culture from Lake Grosse Fuchskuhle. From a single shotgun metagenome of a freshwater mixed culture of lo ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.13319

42. Combination of CE‐MS and advanced chemometric methods for high‐throughput metabolic profiling

Author:
Ortiz‐Villanueva, Elena; Jaumot, Joaquim; Benavente, Fernando; Piña, Benjamín; Sanz‐Nebot, Victoria; Tauler, Romà
Source:
Electrophoresis 2015 v.36 no.18 pp. 2324-2335
ISSN:
0173-0835
Subject:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae; acclimation; amino acids; bakers yeast; biochemical pathways; capillary electrophoresis; chemometrics; data collection; discriminant analysis; least squares; mass spectrometry; metabolic studies; metabolites; metabolomics; molecular weight; principal component analysis; temperature
Abstract:
... In this work, an untargeted approach based on capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry (CE‐MS) in combination with multivariate data analyses is proposed as a high‐throughput general methodology for metabolomic studies. First, total ion electropherograms (TIEs) were considered for exploratory and classification purposes by means of principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares di ...
DOI:
10.1002/elps.201500027

43. Complete Genome Sequence of Geobacillus strain Y4.1MC1, a Novel CO-Utilizing Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius Strain Isolated from Bath Hot Spring in Yellowstone National Park

Author:
Brumm, Phillip; Land, Miriam L.; Hauser, Loren J.; Jeffries, Cynthia D.; Chang, Yun-Juan; Mead, David A.
Source:
BioEnergy research 2015 v.8 no.3 pp. 1039-1045
ISSN:
1939-1234
Subject:
Bacillus thermoglucosidasius; Geobacillus; acetyl coenzyme A; amino acids; basins; biochemical pathways; biofuels; boiling; carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; chromosomes; ecosystems; genetic databases; genome; hot springs; hydrogen; national parks; nucleotide sequences; oxidation; plasmids
Abstract:
... Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius Y4.1MC1 was isolated from a boiling spring in the lower geyser basin of Yellowstone National Park. This species is of interest because of its metabolic versatility. The genome consists of one circular chromosome of 3,840,330 bp and a circular plasmid of 71,617 bp with an average GC content of 44.01 %. The genome is available in the GenBank database (NC_014650.1 and ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12155-015-9585-2

44. Genetic and functional analysis of biogenic amine production capacity among starter and non-starter lactic acid bacteria isolated from artisanal cheeses

Author:
Ladero, Victor; Martín, María Cruz; Redruello, Begoña; Mayo, Baltasar; Flórez, Ana Belén; Fernández, María; Alvarez, Miguel A.
Source:
European food research & technology 2015 v.241 no.3 pp. 377-383
ISSN:
1438-2377
Subject:
Lactobacillus brevis; Lactobacillus curvatus; Lactococcus lactis; Leuconostoc; Streptococcus thermophilus; agmatine; amino acids; biochemical pathways; cheeses; food research; genes; high performance liquid chromatography; histamine; lactic acid bacteria; polymerase chain reaction; putrescine; starter cultures; traditional technology; tyramine
Abstract:
... This work reports the capacity of 137 strains of starter and non-starter LAB belonging to nine species of the genera Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Streptococcus and Leuconostoc (all isolated from artisanal cheeses) to produce histamine, tyramine, putrescine and β-phenylethylamine, the biogenic amines (BA) most commonly found in dairy products. Production assays were performed in liquid media supplem ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00217-015-2469-z

45. Isolation and characterization of a novel (S)-canadine synthase gene from Coptis chinensis

Author:
He, Yang; Hou, Pei; Fan, Gang; Li, Dongmei; Peng, Cheng
Source:
Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 2015 v.18 pp. 376-380
ISSN:
0717-3458
Subject:
Coptis chinensis; Escherichia coli; active ingredients; amino acids; antibodies; berberine; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; biotechnology; complementary DNA; gene expression; genes; high performance liquid chromatography; isoelectric point; molecular weight; open reading frames; petioles; polypeptides; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; rhizomes; tissues
Abstract:
... Berberine acts primarily as an important active ingredient in Coptis chinensis and has been traditionally applied in clinical treatment. Nevertheless, little information has been released about C. chinensis, as far as functional genes and biosynthetic pathway of berberine are concerned. Here, we isolated a novel (S)-canadine synthase gene (designated as CAS-1) from C. chinensis by using RT-PCR and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ejbt.2015.08.004

46. Metabolic profiling of breast cancer: Differences in central metabolism between subtypes of breast cancer cell lines

Author:
Willmann, Lucas; Schlimpert, Manuel; Halbach, Sebastian; Erbes, Thalia; Stickeler, Elmar; Kammerer, Bernd
Source:
Journal of Chromatography B 2015 v.1000 pp. 95-104
ISSN:
1570-0232
Subject:
amino acids; biochemical pathways; biomarkers; breast neoplasms; epithelial cells; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; glycolysis; metabolites; metabolomics
Abstract:
... Although the concept of aerobic glycolysis in cancer was already reported in the 1930s by Otto Warburg, the understanding of metabolic pathways remains challenging especially due to the heterogeneity of cancer.In consideration of four different time points (1, 2, 4, and 7 days of incubation), GC–MS profiling of metabolites was performed on cell extracts and supernatants of breast cancer cell lines ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.07.021

47. Chorismatase Mechanisms Reveal Fundamentally Different Types of Reaction in a Single Conserved Protein Fold

Author:
Hubrich, Florian; Juneja, Puneet; Müller, Michael; Diederichs, Kay; Welte, Wolfram; Andexer, Jennifer N.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2015 v.137 no.34 pp. 11032-11037
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
active sites; amino acids; biochemical pathways; chorismic acid; enzymes; hydrolysis; reaction mechanisms; sequence alignment
Abstract:
... Chorismatases are a class of chorismate-converting enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathways of different natural products, many of them with interesting pharmaceutical characteristics. So far, three subfamilies of chorismatases are described that convert chorismate into different (dihydro-)benzoate derivatives (CH-FkbO, CH-Hyg5, and CH-XanB2). Until now, the detailed enzyme mechanism and the ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.5b05559

48. Characterization of Panax ginseng UDP-Glycosyltransferases Catalyzing Protopanaxatriol and Biosyntheses of Bioactive Ginsenosides F1 and Rh1 in Metabolically Engineered Yeasts

Author:
Wei, Wei; Wang, Pingping; Wei, Yongjun; Liu, Qunfang; Yang, Chengshuai; Zhao, Guoping; Yue, Jianmin; Yan, Xing; Zhou, Zhihua
Source:
Molecular plant 2015 v.8 no.9 pp. 1412-1424
ISSN:
1674-2052
Subject:
Panax ginseng; amino acids; biochemical pathways; genes; ginsenosides; glycosylation; manufacturing; medicinal properties; models; site-directed mutagenesis; synthetic biology; uridine diphosphate; yeasts
Abstract:
... Ginsenosides, the main pharmacologically active natural compounds in ginseng (Panax ginseng), are mostly the glycosylated products of protopanaxadiol (PPD) and protopanaxatriol (PPT). No uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase (UGT), which catalyzes PPT to produce PPT-type ginsenosides, has yet been reported. Here, we show that UGTPg1, which has been demonstrated to regio-specifically glycosylate ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molp.2015.05.010

49. Human FAD synthase is a bi-functional enzyme with a FAD hydrolase activity in the molybdopterin binding domain

Author:
Giancaspero, Teresa Anna; Galluccio, Michele; Miccolis, Angelica; Leone, Piero; Eberini, Ivano; Iametti, Stefania; Indiveri, Cesare; Barile, Maria
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2015 v.465 pp. 443-449
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
active sites; amino acids; bacteria; biochemical pathways; cobalt; humans; hydrolysis; models; mutants; plants (botany); proteins; riboflavin
Abstract:
... FAD synthase (FMN:ATP adenylyl transferase, FMNAT or FADS, EC 2.7.7.2) is involved in the biochemical pathway for converting riboflavin into FAD. Human FADS exists in different isoforms. Two of these have been characterized and are localized in different subcellular compartments. hFADS2 containing 490 amino acids shows a two domain organization: the 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) red ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.08.035

50. Ningpoensines A–C: unusual zwitterionic alkaloids from Scrophularia ningpoensis

Author:
Zhang, Jun; Ip, Fanny C.F.; Tong, Estella P.S.; Chan, Kim Wan; Li, Liang-Chun; Ng, Yu Pong; Ip, Nancy Y.
Source:
Tetrahedron letters 2015 v.56 pp. 5453-5456
ISSN:
0040-4039
Subject:
Scrophularia; alkaloids; amino acids; biochemical pathways; chemical reactions; chemical structure; humans; keratinocytes; spectral analysis; zwitterions
Abstract:
... Three novel zwitterionic alkaloids—ningpoensine A (1) and a pair of epimers, ningpoensines B/C (2a/2b)—with unprecedented molecular skeletons were isolated from the root of Scrophularia ningpoensis. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute configuration of ningpoensine A was determined by quantum chemical calculations. A biosynthetic pathway leading t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.08.021