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1. "Greenhousing": Integrating Low-Input Simplified Hydroponics for Roof Gardening in Bologna's Public Housing

Author:
L. Marchetti; C. Piovene; A. Cesarali; I. Bertocchi; F. Orsini; G. Gianquinto
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 v. no.1093 pp. 99-106
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
buildings; cities; containers; ecological footprint; food availability; gardening; gardens; green roofs; hydroponics; landscapes; people; public housing; recycled materials; soil fertility; surface area; therapeutics; urban agriculture; urban horticulture; Italy
Abstract:
... Since 2007, most people of the world live in cities. Urban agriculture, and more specifically urban horticulture may allow improvements in food supply and reduce the city ecological footprint. Furthermore, gardening practices are associated with social and therapeutic effects. In the last decades, as a consequence of the increased awareness on its related benefits, urban horticulture has assumed a ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1093.10

2. "La misma realidad de cada lugar es diferente" ("The same reality of each place is different"): A Case Study of an Organic Farmers Market in Lima, Peru

Author:
Kevin Cody
Source:
Journal of agriculture, food systems, and community development 2015 v.5 no.2 pp. 53-69
ISSN:
2152-0801
Subject:
case studies; developing countries; domestic markets; entrepreneurship; farmers; farmers' markets; livelihood; nongovernmental organizations; organic foods; organic production; rural communities; Europe; North America; Peru
Abstract:
... Studies of alternative food networks have proliferated in Europe and North America while relatively little attention has been paid to similar networks in the global South. An organic farmers market in Lima, Peru, serves as a case study to examine developments in the domestic market for organic produce in Peru. Drawing from interview data and participant observations with pioneering organic farmers ...
DOI:
10.5304/jafscd.2015.052.011

3. #LivingOffTips: Reframing Food System Labor Through Tipped Workers' Narratives of Subminimum Wage Exploitation

Author:
Kathleen P. Hunt
Source:
Journal of agriculture, food systems, and community development 2015-2016 v.6 no.2 pp. 165-177
ISSN:
2152-0801
Subject:
advocacy; consumers (people); farm labor; females; qualitative analysis; restaurants; risk; slaughter; social inequality; social networks
Abstract:
... Agrifood movement literature largely represents food system labor through images, descriptions, and depictions of farm workers and other agriculture-related labor, such as slaughtering and meatpacking. Although engaging in a holistic dialogue that considers the continuum of labor abuse across the food system may be a difficult task, privileging production-oriented food system labor reinforces what ...
DOI:
10.5304/jafscd.2016.062.021

4. 'Malihabadi dashehari' mango geographical indication - a case study

Author:
N. Bhooshan; R. Dutta; S. Singh
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 no.1066 pp. 219-226
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
business planning; case studies; crops; cultivars; farmers; fruits; mangoes; markets; monopoly; protected designation of origin; India
Abstract:
... Intellectual property is all about monopoly in the market place and harnessing the maximum economic benefits by exercising the monopoly. Monopoly in the shape of goodwill, reputation and demand becomes the most formidable under the banner of Geographical Indication (GI) as GI is a monopoly of a guild unlike a private monopoly. Uttar Pradesh is a sacred land as the birth place of Lord Ram and Lord ...

5. 'Sweet Sicily' and 'Early Sicily', two new triploids from the program of CRA-research Centre of Citriculture and Mediterranean crops

Author:
Giuseppe Russo; Giuseppe Reforgiato Recupero; Santo Recupero; Donata Pietro Paolo
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 v. no.1065 pp. 215-221
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
blood; clementines; crops; crossing; females; fresh market; fruits; harvesting; hybrids; males; parents; ripening; sensory properties; taste; triploidy; Sicily
Abstract:
... Since 1978 the development of triploid hybrids by crossing monoembryonic 2x female parents with 4x male parents has been the successful breeding strategy carried out by the CRA-ACM. Through this strategy hybrids issued in the past allowed the obtainment of seedless fruits, in some cases pigmented, of good size and maturation in different periods. In 2011 other two promising hybrids, ‘Sweet Sicil ...

6. (+)- and (−)-Pestaloxazine A, a Pair of Antiviral Enantiomeric Alkaloid Dimers with a Symmetric Spiro[oxazinane-piperazinedione] Skeleton from Pestalotiopsis sp.

Author:
Jia Yan-Lai; Wei Mei-Yan; Chen Hai-Yan; Guan Fei-Fei; Wang Chang-Yun; Shao Chang-Lun
Source:
Organic letters 2015 v.17 no.17 pp. 4216-4219
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
Pestalotiopsis; X-ray diffraction; alkaloids; antiviral properties; chemical reactions; chemical structure; corals; fungi; high performance liquid chromatography; inhibitory concentration 50; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... A pair of new enantiomeric alkaloid dimers, (+)- and (−)-pestaloxazine A (1), with an unprecedented symmetric spiro[oxazinane-piperazinedione] skeleton, consisting of 22 carbons and 12 heteroatoms, were isolated from a Pestalotiopsis sp. fungus derived from a soft coral. Separation of the enantiomeric alkaloid dimers was achieved by chiral HPLC. Their structures including absolute configurations w ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01995

7. (1,2-Diaminoethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-methylpyridinium) Salts as a Prospective Platform for Designing Recyclable Prolinamide-Based Organocatalysts

Author:
Lisnyak Vladislav G.; Kucherenko Alexander S.; Valeev Edward F.; Zlotin Sergei G.
Source:
Journal of organic chemistry 2015 v.80 no.19 pp. 9570-9577
ISSN:
1520-6904
Subject:
catalysts; chemical reactions; chemical structure; organic chemistry; organic compounds; salts
Abstract:
... A new efficient and highly recyclable organocatalyst has been developed for asymmetric cross-aldol reactions under neat conditions in ketone–ketone, ketone–aldehyde, and aldehyde–aldehyde systems. The catalyst features two prolinamide fragments and a C₂-symmetrical (1,2-diaminoethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-methylpyridinium) group. The catalyst retained high activity and excellent stereoselection over the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.joc.5b01555

8. (1→3)-α-d-Glucan hydrolases in dental biofilm prevention and control: A review

Author:
Małgorzata Pleszczyńska; Adrian Wiater; Monika Janczarek; Janusz Szczodrak
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2015 v.79 pp. 761-778
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
biofilm; hydrolases; microbiome; mouth diseases; pathogens; polysaccharides
Abstract:
... Dental plaque is a highly diverse biofilm, which has an important function in maintenance of oral and systemic health but in some conditions becomes a cause of oral diseases. In addition to mechanical plaque removal, current methods of dental plaque control involve the use of chemical agents against biofilm pathogens, which however, given the complexity of the oral microbiome, is not sufficiently ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.05.052

9. (1→3)-β-d-Glucan oligosaccharides monomers purification and its H2O2 induction effect study

Author:
Yunbin Fu; Mengyu Wang; Wenxia Wang; Yaqin Tuo; Zhimou Guo; Yuguang Du; Heng Yin
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2015 v.81 pp. 1069-1073
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
bioactive properties; desorption; hydrogen peroxide; hydrophilic interaction chromatography; ionization; matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry; oligosaccharides; polymerization; tobacco
Abstract:
... In order to produce highly purified (1→3)-β-d-glucan oligosaccharides ((1→3)-β-d-GOS) monomers, a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) system with X-Amide stationary phase was performed. Nine (1→3)-β-d-GOS monomers with degree of polymerization (DP) from 2 to 10 were successfully separated. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.028

10. (6E) and (6Z)-9′-Aporhodoxanthinone, novel carotenoids produced in zeaxanthin-synthesizing-Escherichia coli by redox stress

Author:
Miho Takemura; Takashi Maoka; Ayako Osawa; Haruka Higashinaka; Hiroshi Shimada; Kazutoshi Shindo; Norihiko Misawa
Source:
Tetrahedron letters 2015 v.56 pp. 6063-6065
ISSN:
0040-4039
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Haematococcus pluvialis; Pantoea ananatis; aeration; bacteria; beta-carotene; beta-cryptoxanthin; chemical structure; genes; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; photooxidation; spectral analysis; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; zeaxanthin
Abstract:
... Recombinant Escherichia coli, carrying the crtE, crtB, crtI, crtY, and crtZ genes from the bacterium Pantoea ananatis in addition to the Haematococcus pluvialis idi gene, can dominantly produce zeaxanthin. Vigorous rotary-shaking culture of the recombinant cells to promote strong aeration led to the production of two structurally similar polar carotenoids [1 (3.7%) and 2 (2.9%)] and eschscholtzxan ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.058

11. (Ag,Cu)–Ta–O Ternaries As High-Temperature Solid-Lubricant Coatings

Author:
Gao Hongyu; Otero-de-la-Roza Alberto; Gu Jingjing; Stone D’Arcy; Aouadi Samir M.; Johnson Erin R.; Martini Ashlie
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2015 v.7 no.28 pp. 15422-15429
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
coatings; copper; energy; friction; lubricants; methodology; molecular dynamics; oxides; silver; temperature
Abstract:
... Ternary oxides have gained increasing attention due to their potential use as solid lubricants at elevated temperatures. In this work, the tribological properties of three ternary oxidesAgTaO₃, CuTaO₃, and CuTa₂O₆were studied using a combination of density-functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with newly developed empirical potential parameters, and experimental measuremen ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.5b03543

12. (Carboxy-3-oxopropylamino)-3-propylsilylcellulose as a novel organocatalyst for the synthesis of substituted imidazoles under solvent-free conditions

Author:
Mehri Salimi; Mohammad Ali Nasseri; Tayyebeh Daliran Chapesshloo; Batol Zakerinasab
Source:
RSC advances 2015 v.5 no.43 pp. 33974-33980
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
aldehydes; amines; ammonium acetate; anhydrides; cellulose; imidazoles; moieties; organocatalysts
Abstract:
... (Carboxy-3-oxopropylamino)-3-propylsilylcellulose (COPAPSC), a novel organocatalyst, has been prepared by a synthesis grafting of –COOH functionalized organosilanes on a cellulose using surface hydroxyl groups as anchor points. The –CO₂H group-functionalized cellulose was synthesized via the consecutive surface functionalization with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APTES) followed by the condensat ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra01909e

13. (Chemo)enzymatic cascades—Nature's synthetic strategy transferred to the laboratory

Author:
Eduardo García-Junceda; Iván Lavandera; Dörte Rother; Joerg H. Schrittwieser
Source:
Journal of molecular catalysis 2015 v.114 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
1381-1177
Subject:
biocatalysis; chemists; researchers
Abstract:
... The astonishing efficiency with which living organisms build complex molecules from simple starting materials has inspired chemists for centuries. Among the synthetic strategies that nature uses to achieve this efficiency, the combination of several enzymatic transformations in cascading sequences is of outstanding importance. With the rise of biocatalysis, researchers now have the tools at hand t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.12.007

14. (Diacetoxyiodo)benzene-Mediated Reaction of Ethynylcarbinols: Entry to α,α′-Diacetoxy Ketones and Glycerol Derivatives

Author:
Liu Qing-Rong; Pan Cheng-Xue; Ma Xiao-Pan; Mo Dong-Liang; Su Gui-Fa
Source:
Journal of organic chemistry 2015 v.80 no.12 pp. 6496-6501
ISSN:
1520-6904
Subject:
chemistry; glycerol; ketones
Abstract:
... Efficient access to α,α′-diacetoxy ketones has been developed from ethynylcarbinols and PhI(OAc)₂. A plausible mechanism for this was proposed on the basis of experimental studies. The usefulness of α,α′-diacetoxy ketone products has been documented, and glycerol derivatives can be easily synthesized in good yields via a one-pot reaction. ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.joc.5b00740

15. (Fe,Co)@nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon nanocubes derived from polydopamine-encapsulated metal–organic frameworks as a highly stable and selective non-precious oxygen reduction electrocatalyst

Author:
Jiangbo Xi; Yating Xia; Yangyang Xu; Junwu Xiao; Shuai Wang
Source:
Chemical communications 2015 v.51 no.52 pp. 10479-10482
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
catalysts; catalytic activity; cobalt; coordination polymers; durability; electrochemistry; graphene; nanomaterials; oxygen; platinum; pyrolysis
Abstract:
... A facile approach is reported to synthesize (Fe,Co)@nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon (NGC) nanocubes (NCs) via the pyrolysis of polydopamine-encapsulated Fe₃[Co(CN)₆]₂ NCs at 700 °C. Besides the comparable catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to the Pt/C catalyst, it showed much more outstanding catalytic selectivity and superior durability. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5cc03946k

16. (Hyper)tension release by N-terminal acetylation

Author:
Henriette Aksnes; Adrian Drazic; Thomas Arnesen
Source:
Trends in biochemical sciences 2015 v.40 pp. 422-424
ISSN:
0968-0004
Subject:
G-proteins; acetylation; acetyltransferases; blood pressure; mutants
Abstract:
... A recent study links N-terminal acetylation and N-end rule degradation to blood pressure regulation. N-terminal mutants of Rgs2, a key G-protein regulator, are differentially processed by N-terminal acetyltransferases and the two branches of the N-end rule pathway. This leads to an imbalance in the signaling governing blood pressure. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tibs.2015.05.003

17. (K,Na)NbO3 Nanofiber-based Self-Powered Sensors for Accurate Detection of Dynamic Strain

Author:
Wang Zhao; Zhang Youdong; Yang Shulin; Hu Yongming; Wang Shengfu; Gu Haoshuang; Wang Yu; Chan H. L. W.; Wang John
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2015 v.7 no.8 pp. 4921-4927
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
deformation; nanofibers; packaging; polymers; vibration
Abstract:
... A self-powered active strain sensor based on well-aligned (K,Na)NbO₃ piezoelectric nanofibers is successfully fabricated through the electrospinning and polymer packaging process. The device exhibits a fast, active response to dynamic strain by generating impulsive voltage signal that is dependent on the amplitude of the dynamic strains and the vibration frequency. When the frequency is fixed at 1 ...
DOI:
10.1021/am5090012

18. (Lipo)polysaccharide interactions of antimicrobial peptides

Author:
Artur Schmidtchen; Martin Malmsten
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2015 v.449 pp. 136-142
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
antibiotics; antimicrobial peptides; polysaccharides
Abstract:
... Due to rapidly increasing resistance development against conventional antibiotics, as well as problems associated with diseases either triggered or deteriorated by infection, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory peptides have attracted considerable interest during the last few years. While there is an emerging understanding of the direct antimicrobial function of such peptides through bacterial mem ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2014.11.024

19. (Poly)phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of white (Morus alba) and black (Morus nigra) mulberry leaves: Their potential for new products rich in phytochemicals

Author:
Eva M. Sánchez-Salcedo; Pedro Mena; Cristina García-Viguera; Francisca Hernández; Juan José Martínez
Source:
Journal of functional foods 2015 v.18 pp. 1039-1046
ISSN:
1756-4646
Subject:
Morus alba; Morus nigra; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; chlorogenic acid; clones; flavonols; food matrix; leaves; mulberries; new products; pharmaceutical industry; phenolic compounds; phytopharmaceuticals; principal component analysis; value added; Spain
Abstract:
... The (poly)phenolic fingerprint and antioxidant activities of the leaves of white and black mulberry clones grown in Spain, one of the main European producers, were evaluated for the first time in order to examine their phytochemical potential. Data showed that mulberry leaves are rich in caffeoylquinic acids (6.8–8.5 mg/g dw) and flavonols (3.7–9.8 mg/g dw). It was also evidenced that a wide intra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jff.2015.03.053

20. (R)-PAC Biosynthesis in [BMIM][PF6]/Aqueous Biphasic System Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 Cells

Author:
Smita Kandar; A. K. Suresh; Santosh B. Noronha
Source:
Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2015 v.175 no.4 pp. 1771-1788
ISSN:
0273-2289
Subject:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae; benzaldehyde; benzyl alcohol; biocompatibility; biosynthesis; biotechnology; biotransformation; ephedrine; glucose; hydrophobicity; ionic liquids; pseudoephedrine; pyruvate decarboxylase; response surface methodology; toxicity
Abstract:
... (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol or (R)-PAC is a pharmaceutical precursor of (1R, 2S) ephedrine and (1S, 2S) pseudoephedrine. Biotransformation of benzaldehyde and glucose by pyruvate decarboxylase produces (R)-PAC. This biotransformation suffers from toxicity of the substrate, product [(R)-PAC] and by-product (benzyl alcohol). In the present study, ionic liquid/aqueous biphasic system was employed to enh ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12010-014-1394-0

21. (TFPP)Eu[Pc(OPh)8]Eu[Pc(OPh)8]/CuPc Two-Component Bilayer Heterojunction-Based Organic Transistors with High Ambipolar Performance

Author:
Gao Dameng; Zhang Xia; Kong Xia; Chen Yanli; Jiang Jianzhuang
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2015 v.7 no.4 pp. 2486-2493
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; electrons; europium; semiconductors
Abstract:
... Organic thin film transistor (OTFT) devices fabricated by the solution-based QLS technique from a mixed (phthalocyaninato)(porphyrinato) europium complex (TFPP)Eu[Pc(OPh)₈]Eu[Pc(OPh)₈] exhibit air-stable ambipolar performance with mobilities of 6.0 × 10–⁵ cm² V⁻¹ s⁻1 for holes and 1.4 × 10–⁴ cm² V–¹ s–¹ for electrons, respectively. In good contrast, the two-component bilayer heterojunction thin fi ...
DOI:
10.1021/am507353s

22. (Un)suitability of the use of pH buffers in biological, biochemical and environmental studies and their interaction with metal ions – a review

Author:
Carlos M. H. Ferreira; Isabel S. S. Pinto; Eduardo V. Soares; Helena M. V. M. Soares
Source:
RSC advances 2015 v.5 no.39 pp. 30989-31003
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
acids; buffers; chemical speciation; metal ions; metals; pH; zwitterions
Abstract:
... The use of buffers to maintain the pH within a desired range is a very common practice in chemical, biochemical and biological studies. Among them, zwitterionic N-substituted aminosulfonic acids, usually known as Good’s buffers, although widely used, can complex metals and interact with biological systems. The present work reviews, discusses and updates the metal complexation characteristics of th ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra15453c

23. (Z)-13-Hexadecenyl Acetate: a Novel Moth Sex Pheromone Component from Herpetogramma submarginale (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Author:
Qi Yan; Kento Kuriyama; Keisuke Nishikawa; Satoru Tominaga; Haruki Tatsuta; Tetsu Ando; Hideshi Naka
Source:
Journal of chemical ecology 2015 v.41 no.5 pp. 441-445
ISSN:
0098-0331
Subject:
Herpetogramma; acetates; electroantennography; field experimentation; gas chromatography; males; mass spectrometry; moths; sex pheromones; spectral analysis; virgin females
Abstract:
... The sex pheromone of Herpetogramma submarginale (Swinhoe) was studied by gas chromatography (GC) with electroantennographic detection and GC coupled with mass spectrometry. Two pheromone candidates detected in the gland extracts of females were identified as (Z)-13-hexadecenyl acetate (Z13-16:OAc) and (E)-13-hexadecenyl acetate (E13-16:OAc) in a ratio of 87:13 by mass spectral analysis of the natu ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10886-015-0576-8

24. (Z)-3-Hexenal, One of the Green Leaf Volatiles, Increases Susceptibility of Rice to the White-Backed Planthopper Sogatella furcifera

Author:
Baohui Wang; Guoxin Zhou; Zhaojun Xin; Rui Ji; Yonggen Lou
Source:
Plant molecular biology reporter 2015 v.33 no.3 pp. 377-387
ISSN:
0735-9640
Subject:
Agrobacterium; Oryza sativa; Sogatella furcifera; adults; bioassays; eggs; females; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; genetic transformation; homozygosity; insect pests; leaves; males; nymphs; oviposition; oxylipins; pathogens; rice; volatile compounds
Abstract:
... Green leaf volatiles (GLVs), the products of the hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) branch of the oxylipin pathway, play important roles in plant defense responses to both insect pests and pathogens. However, little is known about the role of GLVs in the defense responses of rice to the white-backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera (Horváth)). Here, we found that the rice HPL gene OsHPL3 was upregula ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11105-014-0756-7

25. (Z)-Selective Enol Triflation of α-Alkoxyacetoaldehydes: Application to Synthesis of (Z)-Allylic Alcohols via Cross-Coupling Reaction and [1,2]-Wittig Rearrangement

Author:
Kurosawa Fumiya; Nakano Takeo; Soeta Takahiro; Endo Kohei; Ukaji Yutaka
Source:
Journal of organic chemistry 2015 v.80 no.11 pp. 5696-5703
ISSN:
1520-6904
Subject:
chemical structure; cross-coupling reactions; enols; organic chemistry; stereochemistry; stereoselective synthesis; stereoselectivity
Abstract:
... The stereoselective transformation of α-alkoxyacetoaldehydes to the corresponding (Z)-vinyl triflates was achieved by treatment with phenyl triflimide and DBU. The stereochemistry was explained by the “syn-effect,” which was attributed primarily to an σ → π* interaction. The β-alkoxy vinyl triflates obtained were applied to the stereoselective synthesis of structurally diverse (Z)-allylic alcohols ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.joc.5b00647

26. (±)-Acortatarinowins A–F, Norlignan, Neolignan, and Lignan Enantiomers from Acorus tatarinowii

Author:
Lu Yuanyuan; Xue Yongbo; Liu Junjun; Yao Guangmin; Li Dongyan; Sun Bin; Zhang Jinwen; Liu Yanfei; Qi Changxing; Xiang Ming; Luo Zengwei; Du Guang; Zhang Yonghui
Source:
Journal of natural products 2015 v.78 no.9 pp. 2205-2214
ISSN:
1520-6025
Subject:
Acorus gramineus; X-ray diffraction; circular dichroism spectroscopy; enantiomers; high performance liquid chromatography; inhibitory concentration 50; lignans; macrophages; nitric oxide; rhizomes
Abstract:
... Three pairs of new 8-O-4′-type dinorneolignan enantiomers, (±)-acortatarinowins A–C (1a/1b–3a/3b), a pair of new 8-O-4′-type (4a/4b) and a pair of rare C7–C8′-type (5a/5b) neolignan enantiomers, (±)-acortatarinowins D and E, and a pair of new furofuran-type lignan enantiomers, (±)-acortatarinowin F (6a/6b), along with two pairs of known lignan enantiomers (7a/7b and 8a/8b), were obtained from the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00328

27. (±)-Sinensilactam A, a Pair of Rare Hybrid Metabolites with Smad3 Phosphorylation Inhibition from Ganoderma sinensis

Author:
Luo Qi; Tian Lei; Di Lei; Yan Yong-Ming; Wei Xiao-Yi; Wang Xin-Fang; Cheng Yong-Xian
Source:
Organic letters 2015 v.17 no.6 pp. 1565-1568
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
Ganoderma; X-ray diffraction; biosynthesis; chemical structure; fruiting bodies; humans; metabolites; organic compounds; phosphorylation; spectroscopy; transforming growth factor beta 1
Abstract:
... (+)- and (−)-Sinensilactam A (1), novel hybrid metabolites possessing a unique 2H-pyrrolo[2,1-b][1,3]oxazin-6(7H)-one ring system, were isolated from the fruit bodies of Ganoderma sinensis. The structures of these substances and absolute configurations at their stereocenters were assigned using spectroscopic and computational methods along with X-ray crystallographic analysis. A plausible pathway ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00448

28. (−)-Epicatechin reduces blood pressure increase in high-fructose-fed rats: effects on the determinants of nitric oxide bioavailability

Author:
Maria C. Litterio; Marcela A. Vazquez Prieto; Ana M. Adamo; Rosana Elesgaray; Patricia I. Oteiza; Monica Galleano; Cesar G. Fraga
Source:
Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2015 v.26 pp. 745-751
ISSN:
0955-2863
Subject:
NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming); aorta; bioavailability; blood pressure; body weight; diet; drinking water; endothelial nitric oxide synthase; epicatechin; fructose; hypertension; metabolic syndrome; mitogen-activated protein kinase; models; nitric oxide; phosphorylation; rats; superoxide anion
Abstract:
... This work investigated the blood pressure (BP)-lowering effect of the flavanol (−)-epicatechin in a model of metabolic syndrome. Rats were fed a regular chow diet without (Control) or with 10% (w/v) fructose in the drinking water (high fructose, HF) for 8 weeks. A subgroup of the HF-fed rats was supplemented with (−)-epicatechin 20 mg/kg body weight (HF-EC). Dietary (−)-epicatechin reverted the in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.02.004

29. (−)-α-Bisabolol, a Promising Oral Compound for the Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Author:
Corpas-López Victoriano; Morillas-Márquez Francisco; Navarro-Moll M. Concepción; Merino-Espinosa Gemma; Díaz-Sáez Victoriano; Martín-Sánchez Joaquina
Source:
Journal of natural products 2015 v.78 no.6 pp. 1202-1207
ISSN:
1520-6025
Subject:
Leishmania infantum; amastigotes; animal models; cytotoxicity; drugs; etiological agents; inhibitory concentration 50; liver; macrophages; mice; parasite load; promastigotes; spleen; visceral leishmaniasis
Abstract:
... The aim of the present study was to assess the in vitro and in vivo activity of (−)-α-bisabolol (1) against the etiological agents of visceral leishmaniasis. Bone-marrow-derived macrophages were infected with Leishmania infantum or L. donovani promastigotes and incubated with (−)-α-bisabolol at different concentrations. Pentamidine isethionate and meglumine antimoniate were used as reference drugs ...
DOI:
10.1021/np5008697

30. 1, 25(OH)2D3 protects β cell against high glucose-induced apoptosis through mTOR suppressing

Author:
Zesong Yang; Fang Liu; Hua Qu; Hang Wang; Xiaoqiu Xiao; Huacong Deng
Source:
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2015 v.414 pp. 111-119
ISSN:
0303-7207
Subject:
Western blotting; apoptosis; caspases; cytochrome c; death; diabetes mellitus; flow cytometry; gene expression regulation; glucose; islets of Langerhans; mammals; pathogenesis; patients; public health; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; risk factors; signal transduction; therapeutics; vitamin D deficiency; China
Abstract:
... Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, which presents a serious public health crisis in China nowadays. It has been well recognized that excessive β-cell apoptosis is the key pathogenesis of diabetes, of which the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) serves as the critical signaling pathway. Emerging evidence indicates that vitamin D deficiency acts as a potential ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mce.2015.07.023

31. 1,1′-Dihydroxy-2,2′-biimidazoles: a new synthesis and crystal structure

Author:
Alexsei Ya. Tikhonov; Boris A. Selivanov; Yurii V. Gatilov
Source:
Tetrahedron letters 2015 v.56 no.1 pp. 159-161
ISSN:
0040-4039
Subject:
chemical reactions; crystal structure; organic compounds
Abstract:
... An efficient method for the preparation of 1,1′-dihydroxy-2,2′-biimidazoles via cyclization of α,α′-dinitrones is reported. According to the X-ray crystal structure of the product, one ring adopts the 1-hydroxy form and the other ring exists in the N-oxide form. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.11.056

32. 1,2,4-Triazines Are Versatile Bioorthogonal Reagents

Author:
Kamber David N.; Liang Yong; Blizzard Robert J.; Liu Fang; Mehl Ryan A.; Houk K. N.; Prescher Jennifer A.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2015 v.137 no.26 pp. 8388-8391
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
cycloaddition reactions; recombinant proteins; triazines
Abstract:
... A new class of bioorthogonal reagents, 1,2,4-triazines, is described. These scaffolds are stable in biological media and capable of robust reactivity with trans-cyclooctene (TCO). The enhanced stability of the triazine scaffold enabled its direct use in recombinant protein production. The triazine–TCO reaction can also be used in tandem with other bioorthogonal cycloaddition reactions. These featu ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.5b05100

33. 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene disproportionation over large-pore zeolites: An experimental and theoretical study

Author:
Seung Hyeok Cha; Youngchul Byun; Hyung-Ki Min; Suk Bong Hong
Source:
Journal of catalysis 2015 v.323 pp. 145-157
ISSN:
0021-9517
Subject:
catalytic activity; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; isomers; xylene; zeolites
Abstract:
... While 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (TMB) disproportionation is one of the potential technologies for p-xylene production, its reaction intermediates have been neither experimentally observed nor identified yet. Here we present GC–MS evidence that not only pentamethylated diphenylmethane (5mDPM) derivatives but also hexamethylated diphenylmethane (6mDPM) ones are serving as key reaction intermediates of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcat.2014.12.029

34. 1,2-Hydroboration and 1,1-Carboboration of Alkynyl(ferrocenyl)vinylsilanes. Novel Siloles

Author:
Bernd Wrackmeyer; Elena V. Klimkina; Wolfgang Milius; Christian Butterhof; Kathrin Inzenhofer
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2015 v.69 no.11-12 pp. 1269-1289
ISSN:
0932-0776
Subject:
boron; carbon; moieties; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; regioselectivity; stable isotopes
Abstract:
... Alkynyl(ferrocenyl)vinylsilanes containing up to three alkynyl units were prepared and treated with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN). All reactions proceeded in the beginning by regioselective 1,2-hydroboration of the vinyl group, with boron attached to the terminal carbon. This was followed by intra-molecular 1,1-carboboration, leading to fused silacarbacycles, depending on the number of C≡C bo ...
DOI:
10.5560/znb.2014-4099

35. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 preserves intestinal epithelial barrier function from TNF-α induced injury via suppression of NF-kB p65 mediated MLCK-P-MLC signaling pathway

Author:
Shanwen Chen; Jing Zhu; Guowei Chen; Shuai Zuo; Junling Zhang; Ziyi Chen; Xin Wang; Junxia Li; Yucun Liu; Pengyuan Wang
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2015 v.460 pp. 873-878
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
calcitriol; electrical resistance; epithelium; fluorescent antibody technique; human cell lines; immunoblotting; myosin light chains; occludins; phosphorylation; protective effect; signal transduction; tight junctions; transcription factor NF-kappa B; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... Substantial studies have demonstrated the protective effect of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) on intestinal barrier function, but the mechanisms are not fully illustrated. In this study, the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on TNF-α induced barrier dysfunction was further investigated in Caco-2 cell monolayers. The barrier function of Caco-2 monolayers was evaluated by measuring trans-epithelial elec ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.125

36. 1,3,4-Trisubstituted pyrazole bearing a 4-(chromen-2-one) thiazole: synthesis, characterization and its biological studies

Author:
N. Harikrishna; Arun M. Isloor; K. Ananda; Abdulrahman Obaid; Hoong-Kun Fun
Source:
RSC advances 2015 v.5 no.54 pp. 43648-43659
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
bacteria; fungi; minimum inhibitory concentration; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; pyrazoles; spectral analysis; thiazoles
Abstract:
... A new series 3-{2-[N′-(1,3-disubstituted-1H-pyrazol-4-yl-methylene)-hydrazino]-thiazol-4-yl}-chromen-2-one (10a–l) was synthesized by a multi-step reaction. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, and mass spectral studies, followed by elemental analysis. The newly synthesized thiazole compounds were screened for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal studies against vari ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra04995d

37. 1,3-Diiodocalix[4]arene: Synthesis by Ullmann-Type Iodination of 1,3-Bistriflate Ester of Calix[4]arene, Conformational Analysis, and Transformation into 1,3-Dicarboxy-, Diformyl-, and Dialkylcalix[4]arenes

Author:
Tanaka Shinya; Umetsu Takafumi; Nebuya Satoru; Morohashi Naoya; Hattori Tetsutaro
Source:
Journal of organic chemistry 2015 v.80 no.2 pp. 1070-1081
ISSN:
1520-6904
Subject:
Gibbs free energy; X-ray diffraction; alkylation; aromatic hydrocarbons; carbon dioxide; carbonation; conformational isomers; iodides; iodination; methyl iodide; moieties; molecular conformation; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; organic chemistry
Abstract:
... A facile synthesis of 1,3-diiodocalix[4]arene 6 has been achieved by copper-catalyzed iodination of the 1,3-bistriflate ester 2a of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene. After protection of the hydroxy groups with iodomethane, diiodide 6 is subjected to halogen–lithium exchange with butyllithium, followed by carbonation with CO₂ or formylation with N-formylpiperidine and subsequent deprotection of the hydrox ...
DOI:
10.1021/jo502563z

38. 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of 4-Acetoxy Allenoates: Access to 2,3-Dihydropyrazoles, 2,3-Dihydroisoxazoles, and Indolizines

Author:
Li Falin; Chen Jiangfei; Hou Yading; Li Yujie; Wu Xin-Yan; Tong Xiaofeng
Source:
Organic letters 2015 v.17 no.21 pp. 5376-5379
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
chemical structure; cycloaddition reactions; imines; indolizines
Abstract:
... The thermal 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of 4-acetoxyallenoates 1 with various dipoles have been reported. When azomethine imines and nitrones are used as the 1,3-dipole partner, the corresponding reactions afford 2,3-dihydropyrazole and 2,3-dihydroisoxazole derivatives, respectively. These reactions might proceed via a thermal 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and the subsequent elimination of HOAc. In add ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02724

39. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition between acetylenic dipolarophiles and sydnone-N-ylides as bis(1,3-dipoles)

Author:
Florin Albota; Constantin Drăghici; Mino R. Caira; Florea Dumitrascu
Source:
Tetrahedron 2015 v.71 pp. 9095-9100
ISSN:
0040-4020
Subject:
X-radiation; bromides; chemical structure; cycloaddition reactions; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; organic compounds
Abstract:
... 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reaction of sydnone-N-ylides, as model bis(1,3-dipoles), with acetylenic dipolarophiles in 1,2-epoxybutane under reflux gave exclusively pyrroloazines containing a sydnone moiety that resulted by preferred reaction of the N-ylide 1,3-dipole with the acetylenic dipolarophiles. The assembled sydnone-ylide hybrid structures were generated in situ from N-heteroaromatic bromid ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tet.2015.10.021

40. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of 3-alkylsulfanyl-2-arylazo-3-(tert-cycloalkylamino)acrylonitriles with N-methyl- and N-phenylmaleimides

Author:
Nataliya P. Belskaya; Svetlana G. Lesogorova; Julia O. Subbotina; Aleksandr V. Koksharov; Pavel A. Slepukhin; Wim Dehaen; Vasiliy A. Bakulev
Source:
Tetrahedron 2015 v.71 pp. 1438-1447
ISSN:
0040-4020
Subject:
chemical reactions; chemical structure; heterocyclic compounds
Abstract:
... A series of 1,2-diaza-1,3-butadienes with terminal S,N-acetal function were obtained and reacted with N-methyl- and N-phenylmaleimides. As a result of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, a range of new functionalized nonaromatic heterocyclic compounds including: octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-a]indolizine, octahydropyrrolo[3′,4′:3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine, hexahydropyrrolo[3′,4′:3,4]pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazine ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tet.2014.12.087

41. 1,3:2,4-di-(3,4-dimethyl)benzylidene sorbitol organogels used as phase change materials: solvent effects on structure, leakage and thermal performance

Author:
Libo Niu; Guoyi Bai; Jian Song
Source:
RSC advances 2015 v.5 no.28 pp. 21733-21739
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; chemical structure; differential scanning calorimetry; latent heat; microstructure; molecular weight; organogels; palmitates; phase transition; rheology; solvents; sorbitol; temperature
Abstract:
... Organogels used as shape-stable phase change materials were prepared by impregnating a low molecular mass organogelator into organic phase change materials. 1,3:2,4-di-(3,4-dimethyl)benzylidene sorbitol (DMDBS) was used as the supporting material and n-octadecane, ethyl palmitate, 1-octadecanol and 1-tetradecanol were used as the phase change materials. The thermal properties, such as phase change ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ra15420g

42. 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-Promoted Aminotrifluoromethylthiolation of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds: N-Trifluoromethylthio-4-nitrophthalimide Acts as Both the Nitrogen and SCF3 Sources

Author:
Xiao Qing; He Qijie; Li Juncheng; Wang Jun
Source:
Organic letters 2015 v.17 no.24 pp. 6090-6093
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
amino acids; carbonyl compounds; chemical reactions; chemical structure; esters; ketones; nitrogen
Abstract:
... A novel difunctionalization reaction is described. It uses N-trifluoromethylthio-4-nitrophthalimide as the reagent, which serves as both the nitrogen and SCF₃ sources. In the presence of DABCO (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane), the nitrogen and SCF₃ groups can be incorporated into α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds easily and give versatile β-amino ketones and esters in good yields. This difunctiona ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03116

43. 1,4-addition reaction of 5H-oxazol-4-ones to vinyl ketones catalyzed by chiral guanidines

Author:
Akane Morita; Tomonori Misaki; Takashi Sugimura
Source:
Tetrahedron letters 2015 v.56 no.1 pp. 264-267
ISSN:
0040-4039
Subject:
catalysts; enantioselectivity; guanidines; ketones; moieties; solvolysis
Abstract:
... In this Letter, a chiral guanidine-catalyzed 1,4-addition reaction of 5H-oxazol-4-ones to vinyl ketones is described. The 1,4-addition reaction proceeded with a high enantioselectivity using 5H-oxazol-4-ones, substituted with a 3-chloro-5-methylphenyl group, as pronucleophiles and a newly developed chiral guanidine as a catalyst. The optimized reaction conditions were also effective in achieving e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.11.079

44. 1,8-Naphthyridine-based boron complexes: visible colorimetric probes for highly selective sensing of phosphoric ion

Author:
Gao Fen Wu; Qiu Lin Xu; Lin E. Guo; Tie Nan Zang; Rui Tan; Si Ting Tao; Jian Fei Ji; Rui Ting Hao; Jun Feng Zhang; Ying Zhou
Source:
Tetrahedron letters 2015 v.56 no.35 pp. 5034-5038
ISSN:
0040-4039
Subject:
Caenorhabditis elegans; absorbance; adenosine diphosphate; adenosine monophosphate; adenosine triphosphate; anions; boron; chemical reactions; chemical species; color; colorimetry; dimethyl sulfoxide; fluorescence; guanosine monophosphate; guanosine triphosphate; human cell lines; image analysis; moieties; pH; phosphates; uridine diphosphate; uridine monophosphate; uridine triphosphate
Abstract:
... Two 1,8-naphthyridine-based N,O-chelated boron complexes (1 and 2) were designed as novel phosphate ion (Pi) probes, which are based on a methoxy oxalyl group reaction site. These two probes showed high selectivity for Pi detection without interference from ATP, PPi, or other anions. Dramatic color changes from colorless to light yellow were observed by addition of Pi to solutions of 1 and 2 in DM ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.07.025

45. 1,8-Naphthyridine-based fluorescent receptors for picric acid detection in aqueous media

Author:
Mandeep K. Chahal; Muniappan Sankar
Source:
Analytical methods 2015 v.7 no.24 pp. 10272-10279
ISSN:
1759-9679
Subject:
analytical methods; detection limit; electrostatic interactions; energy transfer; fluorescence; methanol; nitroaromatic compounds; nitrobenzenes; nitrophenols; receptors
Abstract:
... We utilized the potential applications of 1,8-naphthyridine-based sensors for the detection of various nitroaromatics such as picric acid (PA), 3-nitrophenol (NP), 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), 1,3-dinitrobenzene (DNB), 4-nitrotoluene (NT), nitrobenzene (NB) and nitromethane (NM). Among the various nitroaromatic analogues, nap-OH (1) and nap-Cl (2) sense picric acid (PA) much more efficiently and with ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ay01464f

46. 1,9-seco-Bicyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum uralum

Author:
Zhang Jing-Jing; Yang Xing-Wei; Liu Xia; Ma Jun-Zeng; Liao Yang; Xu Gang
Source:
Journal of natural products 2015 v.78 no.12 pp. 3075-3079
ISSN:
1520-6025
Subject:
Hypericum; acetylcholinesterase; aerial parts; biomimetic synthesis; inhibitory concentration 50; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... Hyperuralones C–H (1–6), six new 1,9-seco-bicyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (1,9-seco-BPAPs) derived from the normal polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols with a bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione core, together with six known analogues, were isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum uralum. The structures of 1–6 were elucidated on the basis of the interpretation of NMR and MS spectroscopi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00830

47. 1-, 3-, 6-, and 8-Tetrasubstituted Asymmetric Pyrene Derivatives with Electron Donors and Acceptors: High Photostability and Regioisomer-Specific Photophysical Properties

Author:
Niko Yosuke; Sasaki Shunsuke; Narushima Kaishi; Sharma Dharmendar Kumar; Vacha Martin; Konishi Gen-ichi
Source:
Journal of organic chemistry 2015 v.80 no.21 pp. 10794-10805
ISSN:
1520-6904
Subject:
absorption; chemical reactions; energy; ethanol; fluorescence; fluorescent dyes; hexane; methanol; moieties; organic chemistry; photostability; solvents
Abstract:
... The systematic synthesis of five 1-, 3-, 6-, and 8-tetrasubstituted asymmetric pyrenes with electron donor and acceptor moieties is presented, together with an examination of their photophysical properties. Pyrene derivative PA1, containing one formyl and three piperidyl groups, showed bright solvatochromic fluorescence from green (λₑₘ = 557 nm, ΦFL = 0.94 in hexane) to red (λₑₘ = 648 nm, ΦFL = 0. ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.joc.5b01987

48. 1-Triacontanol cerotate; isolated from Marsilea quadrifolia Linn. ameliorates reactive oxidative damage in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of chronic epileptic rats

Author:
Adhikari Snehunsu; Chitrini Ghosal; Mamta Kandwal; Pramod K. Yadav; B. Satheesha Nayak; K. Raghavendra Rao; Shobha U. Kamath; Pabitra Sahoo; K.K. Srinivasan; Sareesh Naduvil Narayanan; Shiva Kumar; Alex Joseph
Source:
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2015 v.172 pp. 80-84
ISSN:
0378-8741
Subject:
Marsilea quadrifolia; acute toxicity; chromatography; dietary exposure; dose response; epilepsy; frontal lobe; glutathione; hippocampus; malondialdehyde; petroleum; rats; silica gel; sleep disorders; sodium; toxicity testing; traditional medicine
Abstract:
... Marsilea quadrifolia Linn. (MQ) has been used for insomnia and epileptic disorders in traditional Indian medicine. The present study is to isolate the active component responsible for antiepileptic property of MQ by evaluating its ability to minimize the reactive oxidative damage in brain due to chronic epilepsy in rat.1-Triacontanol cerotate (1TAC) was isolated after chromatography on a silica ge ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.020

49. 1-o-acetylbritannilactone (ABL) inhibits angiogenesis and lung cancer cell growth through regulating VEGF-Src-FAK signaling

Author:
He Zhengfu; Zhang Hu; Miao Huiwen; Li Zhijun; Zhou Jiaojie; Yan Xiaoyi; Cai Xiujun
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2015 v.464 pp. 422-427
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
Inula; angiogenesis; cell growth; endothelial cells; growth retardation; humans; lung neoplasms; mice; non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase; therapeutics; vascular endothelial growth factors
Abstract:
... The search for safe, effective and affordable therapeutics against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other lung cancers is important. Here we explored the potential effect of 1-o-acetylbritannilactone (ABL), a novel extract from Inula britannica-F, on angiogenesis and lung cancer cell growth. We demonstrated that ABL dose-dependently inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.126

50. 10-Day survival of Hyalella azteca as a function of water quality parameters

Author:
Alireza Javidmehr; Philip H. Kass; Linda A. Deanovic; Richard E. Connon; Inge Werner
Source:
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2015 v.115 pp. 250-256
ISSN:
0147-6513
Subject:
Hyalella azteca; ammonia; brackish water; dissolved oxygen; ecosystems; electrical conductivity; estuaries; euryhaline species; models; monitoring; pH; probability; temperature; toxicity testing; water quality
Abstract:
... Estuarine systems are among the most impacted ecosystems due to anthropogenic contaminants; however, they present unique challenges to toxicity testing with regard to varying water quality parameters. The euryhaline amphipod species, Hyalella azteca, is widely used in toxicity testing and well suited for testing estuarine water samples. Nevertheless, the influence of relevant water quality paramet ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.02.008