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1. "Cool" governance of a "hot" climate issue: public and private responsibilities for the protection of vulnerable citizens against extreme heat

Author:
Heleen L. P. Mees; Peter P. J. Driessen; Hens A. C. Runhaar
Source:
Regional environmental change 2015 v.15 no.6 pp. 1065-1079
ISSN:
1436-3798
Subject:
cities; climate change; elderly; governance; health services; heat; heat stress; issues and policy; mortality; organizations; outreach; temperate zones; urbanization; Europe; North America
Abstract:
... In cities in temperate climate zones, the elderly, disabled and socially deprived are most vulnerable to extreme heat, as witnessed by increased mortality rates during heat waves in Europe and North America. Many cities, however, lag behind in the protection of vulnerable citizens against heat stress, an issue gaining importance in the face of climate change, ongoing urbanization and an ageing pop ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10113-014-0681-1

2. "Decarbonization" of an imino-N-heterocyclic carbene ligand via benzyl migration from hafnium

Author:
Dipesh Prema; Yohan L. N. Mathota Arachchige; Rex E. Murray; LeGrande M. Slaughter
Source:
Chemical communications 2015 v.51 no.31 pp. 6753-6756
ISSN:
1359-7345
Subject:
alkenes; carbon; hafnium; ligands; polymerization
Abstract:
... An imino N-heterocyclic carbene underwent three sequential benzyl migrations upon reaction with tetrabenzylhafnium, resulting in complete removal of the carbene carbon from the ligand. The resulting eneamido-amidinato hafnium complex showed alkene polymerization activity comparable to that of a precatalyst containing the intact iminocarbene ligand. ...
Handle:
10113/62939
DOI:
10.1039/C5CC01560J

3. "Garden walk – on the road to health", a new informative and health-improving route at the Petrozavodsk State University Botanical Garden

Author:
Platonova Elena; Eglacheva Arina; Obuhova Elena; Falin Alexey
Source:
Hortus botanicus 2015 v.10 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
1994-3849
Subject:
botanical gardens; therapeutics; villages
Abstract:
... The article describes the new informative and health-improving route, "A garden walk - on the road to health", of the Petrozavodsk State University Botanical Garden. The route has been developed for the older generation; however, in the future, citizens and guests of the city of different age groups will be able to take this route. The path goes through the most beautiful and interesting exhibitio ...
DOI:
10.15393/j4.art.2015.3122

4. "Greenhousing": Integrating Low-Input Simplified Hydroponics for Roof Gardening in Bologna's Public Housing

Author:
L. Marchetti; C. Piovene; A. Cesarali; I. Bertocchi; F. Orsini; G. Gianquinto
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 v. no.1093 pp. 99-106
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
buildings; cities; containers; ecological footprint; food availability; gardening; gardens; green roofs; hydroponics; landscapes; people; public housing; recycled materials; soil fertility; surface area; therapeutics; urban agriculture; urban horticulture; Italy
Abstract:
... Since 2007, most people of the world live in cities. Urban agriculture, and more specifically urban horticulture may allow improvements in food supply and reduce the city ecological footprint. Furthermore, gardening practices are associated with social and therapeutic effects. In the last decades, as a consequence of the increased awareness on its related benefits, urban horticulture has assumed a ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1093.10

5. "La misma realidad de cada lugar es diferente" ("The same reality of each place is different"): A Case Study of an Organic Farmers Market in Lima, Peru

Author:
Kevin Cody
Source:
Journal of agriculture, food systems, and community development 2015 v.5 no.2 pp. 53-69
ISSN:
2152-0801
Subject:
case studies; developing countries; domestic markets; entrepreneurship; farmers; farmers' markets; livelihood; nongovernmental organizations; organic foods; organic production; rural communities; Europe; North America; Peru
Abstract:
... Studies of alternative food networks have proliferated in Europe and North America while relatively little attention has been paid to similar networks in the global South. An organic farmers market in Lima, Peru, serves as a case study to examine developments in the domestic market for organic produce in Peru. Drawing from interview data and participant observations with pioneering organic farmers ...
DOI:
10.5304/jafscd.2015.052.011

6. "Minimal pruning" in free spindle bush peach trees to avoid an unproductive period

Author:
S. Sansavini; G. Sorrenti; G. L. Del Vecchio
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 no.1084 pp. 485-494
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
branches; cutting; fruiting; fruits; orchards; peaches; planting date; pruning; scions; shoots; trees; wood; Italy
Abstract:
... In Italy the “minimal pruning system” (a definition derived from the grapevine pruning technique) is generally utilized in peach orchards. One of its main rules is to initially obtain a “free spindle bush” shape, avoiding cutting back the scion at planting time but using lateral shoots to form future fruiting branches. This experiment involved a comparison of three high density peach plots ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1084.67

7. "To fall or not to fall, that's the question!" molecular mechanisms underlying organ abscission in citrus

Author:
Francisco R. Tadeo; Javier Agusti; Paz Merelo; Leandro H. Estornell; Manuel Cercos; Javier Terol; Concha Domingo; Manuel Talon
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 no.1065 pp. 1189-1195
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
crop production; citrus fruits; abscission; cell walls; industry; seed dispersal; breeding; genes; Citrus; cell adhesion; genetic markers; mechanical harvesting
Abstract:
... During their life cycle, citrus plants can experience different processes involving separation of cells by dissolution of cell adhesion materials and breakdown of cell walls at specific sites on the plant body. Abscission enables both vegetative and reproductive organs to be shed in response to developmental, hormonal and environmental cues. From an evolutionary point of view, abscission is a high ...

8. "We Just Have To Continue Working": Farmworker Self-care and Heat-related Illness

Author:
Michael D. Courville; Gail Wadsworth; Marc Schenker
Source:
Journal of agriculture, food systems, and community development 2015-2016 v.6 no.2 pp. 143-164
ISSN:
2152-0801
Subject:
farm labor; farms; focus groups; heat; industry; summer; working conditions; California
Abstract:
... Heat-related illness (also called heat illness) is a recurring and avoidable condition that results in multiple deaths in California farm fields every year. We conducted five focus groups as part of the California Heat Illness Prevention Study (CHIPS) in Fresno, California, during the summer of 2013. We used qualitative coding methods to analyze focus group transcript data with consideration of wo ...
DOI:
10.5304/jafscd.2016.062.014

9. #LivingOffTips: Reframing Food System Labor Through Tipped Workers' Narratives of Subminimum Wage Exploitation

Author:
Kathleen P. Hunt
Source:
Journal of agriculture, food systems, and community development 2015-2016 v.6 no.2 pp. 165-177
ISSN:
2152-0801
Subject:
advocacy; consumers (people); farm labor; females; qualitative analysis; restaurants; risk; slaughter; social inequality; social networks
Abstract:
... Agrifood movement literature largely represents food system labor through images, descriptions, and depictions of farm workers and other agriculture-related labor, such as slaughtering and meatpacking. Although engaging in a holistic dialogue that considers the continuum of labor abuse across the food system may be a difficult task, privileging production-oriented food system labor reinforces what ...
DOI:
10.5304/jafscd.2016.062.021

10. 'Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum' - a pathogen spreading uncontrollably in apricot orchards in the Czech Republic

Author:
T. Necas; I. Ondrasek; B. Krska
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 no.1105 pp. 131-136
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Phytoplasma; apricots; biotic factors; cultivars; fungi; leaves; monitoring; mortality; orchards; pathogens; phytoplasmal diseases; tree mortality; trees; Czech Republic
Abstract:
... Tree mortality of apricots involves many abiotic and biotic factors. The most important biotic factors include bacterial, fungal and viral diseases and especially phytoplasmas. Generally it is very difficult to determine the primary pathogen causing premature mortality in trees of apricot. However, according to long-term monitoring of apricot orchards in the Czech Republic (South Moravian region), ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1105.19

11. 'EnSpray 99' Mineral Oils for White Peach Scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona and Phytotoxicity to 'Hongyang' Kiwifruit

Author:
Q. G. Zhuang; L. H. Wang; M. Z. Li; T. P. Hou; Y. Xie
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 v. no.1096 pp. 363-370
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Pseudaulacaspis pentagona; fruit set; instars; kiwifruit; mineral oil; phytotoxicity; plant damage
Abstract:
... ‘EnSpray 99’ mineral oil has good efficacy against first instar Pseudaulacaspis pentagona and its residues prevented crawler settlement for approximate 12 days after oil application. Oil application was safe when applied to ‘Hongyang’ kiwifruit to control P. pentagona at the first generation 1st instar (4-18 days after fruit set). 1% oil application during the second generation crawler pea ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1096.42

12. 'Faith', 'Gratitude', 'Hope', and 'Joy' seedless table grapes from Arkansas, USA

Author:
J. R. Clark; J. N. Moore
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 no.1082 pp. 87-93
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Vitis; climate; color; cultivars; flavor; fruit cracking; growers; hardness; harvest date; hybrids; markets; new variety; retail marketing; ripening; small fruits; table grapes; texture; vines; winter hardiness; Arkansas
Abstract:
... ‘Faith’, ‘Gratitude’ ‘Hope’, and ‘Joy’ seedless table grapes are new cultivars (Vitis hybrid) developed by the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, bringing to 12 the total number of releases from the program. These releases expand options for table grape growers for local markets in the United States. All four cultivars have non-slipskin flesh with good skin quality, fr ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1082.11

13. 'Green Care' in Poland - Application of Horticulture for Improvement of Human Life Quality and Environment Protection

Author:
M. J. Latkowska
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 v. no.1093 pp. 125-131
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
biodiversity; case studies; farms; food processing; fruit growing; health services; homeless people; humans; nongovernmental organizations; organic production; people with disabilities; quality of life; therapeutics; vegetable growing; villages; Poland
Abstract:
... ‘Green care’ is a special form of application of horticulture and farming in therapy and social care for the disadvantaged people. The aim of the study was to characterize model pioneer ‘green care’ initiatives in Poland. Data collected during the study visits was used to elaborate case studies of five ‘care farms’. Centres studied differ in their area (from 4.5 ha to 1,900 ha), howeve ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1093.13

14. 'Malihabadi dashehari' mango geographical indication - a case study

Author:
N. Bhooshan; R. Dutta; S. Singh
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 no.1066 pp. 219-226
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
business planning; case studies; crops; cultivars; farmers; fruits; mangoes; markets; monopoly; protected designation of origin; India
Abstract:
... Intellectual property is all about monopoly in the market place and harnessing the maximum economic benefits by exercising the monopoly. Monopoly in the shape of goodwill, reputation and demand becomes the most formidable under the banner of Geographical Indication (GI) as GI is a monopoly of a guild unlike a private monopoly. Uttar Pradesh is a sacred land as the birth place of Lord Ram and Lord ...

15. 'Marge': a European Elderberry for North American producers

Author:
A. L. Thomas; P. L. Byers; J. D. Jr. Avery; M. Kaps; S. Gu; H. Y. Johnson; M. Millican
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 no.1061 pp. 191-199
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Sambucus canadensis; budbreak; cultivars; drought tolerance; elderberries; flowers; fruits; genetic markers; genotype; horticultural crops; mites; open pollination; pruning; seedlings; wood; Europe; Missouri
Abstract:
... Elderberries are being increasingly produced and consumed in North America for their edible and medicinal flowers and fruits. The American elderberry (Sambucus nigra subsp. Canadensis) is native to, and most often cultivated in North America. The European elderberry (S. nigra subsp. nigra) has been developed into an economically-important horticultural crop in Europe, but most European cultivars d ...

16. 'Omics' and chemical approaches used to monitor iron-deficiency in citrus rootstocks

Author:
Concetta Licciardello; Vera Muccilli; Biagio Torrisi; Paola Tononi; Debora Fontanini; Maria Allegra; Fabiola Sciacca; Salvatore Foti; Massimo Delledonne; Francesco Intrigliolo; Giuseppe Reforigiato Recupero
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 v. no.1065 pp. 1293-1301
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Citroncirus webberi; Citrus; auxins; chlorophyll; gene expression regulation; genes; glutamate dehydrogenase; glutathione peroxidase; iron; neutralization; nutrient deficiencies; peroxidase; phosphofructokinases; protein synthesis; proteomics; roots; rootstocks; soil; transcriptomics; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
Abstract:
... Two different ‘omics’ approaches were performed to a better comprehension of biological mechanisms involved in citrus iron (Fe) deficiency. Tips roots from Swingle citrumelo and Carrizo citrange (sensitive and tolerant rootstocks, respectively), growing in pots with control and chlorotic soil, were used for transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. CombiMatrix array was performed to isolate diffe ...

17. 'Rebolla 1' peach cultivar: late ripening and leaf curl (Taphrina deformans - Berkeley) resistant

Author:
V. Nencetti; D. Morelli; E. Bellini
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 no.1084 pp. 139-142
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Taphrina deformans; acids; breeding; cultivars; environmental science; flowering; flowers; leaf curling; leaves; peaches; ripening; sugars
Abstract:
... The cultivar “Rebolla 1” was obtained from a leaf curl (Taphrina deformans - Berkeley) resistance breeding program, started in the 1990s at DOFI, today the Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science (DiSPAA) at the University of Florence. It is a late ripening, white peach with medium-high resistance to T. deformans (class 2: from a few up 10% infected leaves). It is also characterized ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1084.17

18. 'Sweet Sicily' and 'Early Sicily', two new triploids from the program of CRA-research Centre of Citriculture and Mediterranean crops

Author:
Giuseppe Russo; Giuseppe Reforgiato Recupero; Santo Recupero; Donata Pietro Paolo
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 v. no.1065 pp. 215-221
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
blood; clementines; crops; crossing; females; fresh market; fruits; harvesting; hybrids; males; parents; ripening; sensory properties; taste; triploidy; Sicily
Abstract:
... Since 1978 the development of triploid hybrids by crossing monoembryonic 2x female parents with 4x male parents has been the successful breeding strategy carried out by the CRA-ACM. Through this strategy hybrids issued in the past allowed the obtainment of seedless fruits, in some cases pigmented, of good size and maturation in different periods. In 2011 other two promising hybrids, ‘Sweet Sicil ...

19. 'Taishanhong' Pomegranate and Its Cultivation Techniques with High Yield and Good Quality

Author:
Kun Ran; Xiaoli Sun; Shaomin Wang
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2015 v. no.1089 pp. 263-267
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
cultivars; flowers; frost; fruit yield; harvesting; industrialization; orchards; pest control; pomegranates; water management; China
Abstract:
... Pomegranate is a kind of excellent fruit with economic, ecologic and health functions, which originated in the central Asian region and has been cultivated more than two thousand years in China. This paper summarizes the characteristics of ‘Taishanhong’ pomegranate, one of the preferable cultivars of pomegranate at present in China, and its cultivation techniques for achieving high yield and f ...
DOI:
10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1089.34

20. (+)- and (−)-Pestaloxazine A, a Pair of Antiviral Enantiomeric Alkaloid Dimers with a Symmetric Spiro[oxazinane-piperazinedione] Skeleton from Pestalotiopsis sp.

Author:
Jia Yan-Lai; Wei Mei-Yan; Chen Hai-Yan; Guan Fei-Fei; Wang Chang-Yun; Shao Chang-Lun
Source:
Organic letters 2015 v.17 no.17 pp. 4216-4219
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
Pestalotiopsis; X-ray diffraction; alkaloids; antiviral properties; chemical reactions; chemical structure; corals; fungi; high performance liquid chromatography; inhibitory concentration 50; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... A pair of new enantiomeric alkaloid dimers, (+)- and (−)-pestaloxazine A (1), with an unprecedented symmetric spiro[oxazinane-piperazinedione] skeleton, consisting of 22 carbons and 12 heteroatoms, were isolated from a Pestalotiopsis sp. fungus derived from a soft coral. Separation of the enantiomeric alkaloid dimers was achieved by chiral HPLC. Their structures including absolute configurations w ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01995

21. (+)- and (−)-Petromyroxols: Antipodal Tetrahydrofurandiols from Larval Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus L.) That Elicit Enantioselective Olfactory Responses

Author:
Li Ke; Huertas Mar; Brant Cory; Chung-Davidson Yu-Wen; Bussy Ugo; Hoye Thomas R.; Li Weiming
Source:
Organic letters 2015 v.17 no.2 pp. 286-289
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
Petromyzon marinus; chemical reactions; chromatography; enantiomers; enantioselectivity; fatty acids; larvae; synthetic products; tetrahydrofuran
Abstract:
... (+)- and (−)-Petromyroxol [(+)-1 and (−)-1, respectively], two novel tetrahydrofuran (THF)-diol fatty acid enantiomers, were isolated from water conditioned with larval sea lamprey. We herein describe their isolation and subsequent resolution using chiral chromatography. The absolute configuration of each enantiomer was determined by a combination of Mosher ester analysis and comparison with relat ...
DOI:
10.1021/ol5033893

22. (+)- and (−)-Spiroreticulatine, A Pair of Unusual Spiro Bisheterocyclic Quinoline-imidazole Alkaloids from the South China Sea Sponge Fascaplysinopsis reticulata

Author:
Wang Qi; Tang Xuli; Luo Xiangchao; de Voogd Nicole J.; Li Pinglin; Li Guoqiang
Source:
Organic letters 2015 v.17 no.14 pp. 3458-3461
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; alkaloids; chemical reactions; chemical structure; interleukin-2; neoplasm cells; spectral analysis; tryptophan; South China Sea
Abstract:
... A pair of novel bisheterocyclic quinoline-imidazole alkaloids, (+)- and (−)-spiroreticulatine (1), were isolated from the South China Sea sponge Fascaplysinopsis reticulata. The structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and quantum chemical calculation methods. Spiroreticulatine is the first example of a sponge ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01503

23. (+)-(6aR,7R)-7-Hydroxy-N-Butyrylcaaverine, a New Aporphine Alkaloid from the Roots of Illigera luzonensis with Cytotoxic Activity

Author:
Jih-Jung Chen; Tzong-Huei Lee; Wen-Lung Kuo; Ping-Jyun Sung; Ih-Sheng Chen; Chih-Wen Shu; Ming-Jen Cheng; Tai-Chi Wang; Yun-Ping Lim; Rong Xu
Source:
Chemistry of natural compounds 2015 v.51 no.4 pp. 739-742
ISSN:
0009-3130
Subject:
alkaloids; chemistry; cytotoxicity; roots; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... A new aporphine alkaloid, (+)-(6aR,7R)-7-hydroxy-N-butyrylcaaverine (1), has been isolated from the roots of Illigera luzonensis. The structure of the new compound 1 was determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10600-015-1397-2

24. (+)-Catechin inhibition of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus in swine testicular cells is involved its antioxidation

Author:
Wulong Liang; Lei He; Pengbo Ning; Jihui Lin; Helin Li; Zhi Lin; Kai Kang; Yanming Zhang
Source:
Research in veterinary science 2015 v.103 pp. 28-33
ISSN:
0034-5288
Subject:
RNA replication; Transmissible gastroenteritis virus; antiviral properties; dose response; genome; industry; neonates; piglets; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reactive oxygen species; testes; transmissible gastroenteritis; viability
Abstract:
... Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) causes transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE), especially in newborn piglets, which severely threatens the worldwide pig industry. In this study, (+)-catechin was evaluated for its antiviral effect against TGEV in vitro. Viability assays revealed that (+)-catechin treatment exerted a dose-dependent rescue effect in TGEV-infected ST cells, and this result was ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.09.009
PubMed:
26679792
PubMed Central:
PMC7111882

25. (+)-Epogymnolactam, a novel autophagy inducer from mycelial culture of Gymnopus sp.

Author:
Shinya Mitsuhashi; Chihaya Shindo; Kengo Shigetomi; Toshizumi Miyamoto; Makoto Ubukata
Source:
Phytochemistry 2015 v.114 pp. 163-167
ISSN:
0031-9422
Subject:
Ganoderma lucidum; autophagy; bioactive properties; human diseases; methanol; mushrooms; mycelium; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; screening
Abstract:
... Mushrooms, including Ganoderma lucidum, have been used as a potential source of therapeutic compounds, and an autophagy inducer would be useful for treatment of diverse diseases in human. Reported here is a full account of screening, isolation, structural determination, and biological activity of an autophagy inducer, (+)-epogymnolactam (1) from a mycelial culture of a Gymnopus sp. strain. Its str ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.08.012

26. (1,2-Diaminoethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-methylpyridinium) Salts as a Prospective Platform for Designing Recyclable Prolinamide-Based Organocatalysts

Author:
Lisnyak Vladislav G.; Kucherenko Alexander S.; Valeev Edward F.; Zlotin Sergei G.
Source:
Journal of organic chemistry 2015 v.80 no.19 pp. 9570-9577
ISSN:
1520-6904
Subject:
catalysts; chemical reactions; chemical structure; organic chemistry; organic compounds; salts
Abstract:
... A new efficient and highly recyclable organocatalyst has been developed for asymmetric cross-aldol reactions under neat conditions in ketone–ketone, ketone–aldehyde, and aldehyde–aldehyde systems. The catalyst features two prolinamide fragments and a C₂-symmetrical (1,2-diaminoethane-1,2-diyl)bis(N-methylpyridinium) group. The catalyst retained high activity and excellent stereoselection over the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.joc.5b01555

27. (100) surface-exposed CeO₂ nanocubes as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in the tandem oxidation of benzyl alcohol, para-chlorobenzyl alcohol and toluene to the corresponding aldehydes selectively

Author:
Kalyanjyoti Deori; Chinmoy Kalita; Sasanka Deka
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2015 v.3 no.13 pp. 6909-6920
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
benzaldehyde; benzyl alcohol; catalysts; catalytic activity; ceric oxide; crystal structure; nanocrystals; nanorods; oxidation; oxygen; porosity; surface area; toluene
Abstract:
... A new synthesis strategy has been developed to synthesize exclusively (100)-surface-exposed CeO₂ nanocubes (∼90 nm), formed through three dimensional (3D) self-assembly of smaller ceria nanocrystal building blocks, as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for multiple selective oxidation reactions. To compare the effect of morphology on catalysis, 1D CeO₂ nanorods have also been tested in parallel. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta06547f

28. (1S,3R,4S,5R)5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid: Isolation, stereo-structure characterization and biological activity

Author:
Martino Forino; Gian Carlo Tenore; Luciana Tartaglione; Dell’Aversano Carmela; Ettore Novellino; Patrizia Ciminiello
Source:
Food chemistry 2015 v.178 pp. 306-310
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
Sorbus domestica; antioxidants; bioactive properties; butanol; chemical analysis; chlorogenic acid; cholesterol; diabetes; fruits; glucose; medicine; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polyphenols; stereoisomers; Italy
Abstract:
... Sorbus domestica fruits (sorbs) are commonly harvested and consumed for their nutritious qualities and have long been used as natural remedy against diabetes in the popular medicine. Recently, sorbs have been described as sources of antioxidant compounds including polyphenols. Chemical analyses carried out on sorbs collected in Southern Italy have led to the isolation of a chlorogenic acid isomer ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.109

29. (1→3)-α-d-Glucan hydrolases in dental biofilm prevention and control: A review

Author:
Małgorzata Pleszczyńska; Adrian Wiater; Monika Janczarek; Janusz Szczodrak
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2015 v.79 pp. 761-778
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
biofilm; hydrolases; microbiome; mouth diseases; pathogens; polysaccharides
Abstract:
... Dental plaque is a highly diverse biofilm, which has an important function in maintenance of oral and systemic health but in some conditions becomes a cause of oral diseases. In addition to mechanical plaque removal, current methods of dental plaque control involve the use of chemical agents against biofilm pathogens, which however, given the complexity of the oral microbiome, is not sufficiently ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.05.052

30. (1→3)-β-d-Glucan oligosaccharides monomers purification and its H2O2 induction effect study

Author:
Yunbin Fu; Mengyu Wang; Wenxia Wang; Yaqin Tuo; Zhimou Guo; Yuguang Du; Heng Yin
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2015 v.81 pp. 1069-1073
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
bioactive properties; desorption; hydrogen peroxide; hydrophilic interaction chromatography; ionization; matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry; oligosaccharides; polymerization; tobacco
Abstract:
... In order to produce highly purified (1→3)-β-d-glucan oligosaccharides ((1→3)-β-d-GOS) monomers, a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) system with X-Amide stationary phase was performed. Nine (1→3)-β-d-GOS monomers with degree of polymerization (DP) from 2 to 10 were successfully separated. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.028

31. (1→6)- and (1→3)(1→6)-β-glucans from Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMBJ: Structural characterization and pro-inflammatory activity

Author:
Kassandra S.M. Oliveira; Mirela Di Bastiani; Lucimara M.C. Cordeiro; Mírian F. Costa; Karina A. Toledo; Marcello Iacomini; Aneli M. Babosa; Robert F.H. Dekker; Valéria M.G. Nascimento
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2015 v.133 pp. 539-546
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
Lasiodiplodia theobromae; beta-glucans; chemical composition; cold; exopolysaccharides; fungi; immunomodulation; inflammation; macrophages; molecular weight; submerged fermentation
Abstract:
... The chemical composition and structural characterization of exopolysaccharides from the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMBJ are described, and the immunomodulatory activity of a purified β-glucan was evaluated. L. theobromae MMBJ produced three different β-glucans. One, fraction PEPS, was a branched (1→3)(1→6)-β-glucan and was insoluble in cold water. The other two, fractions SEPS-005R and SEPS-1 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.07.060

32. (2 + 2) Cycloaddition of Benzyne to Endohedral Metallofullerenes M3N@C80 (M = Sc, Y): A Rotating-Intermediate Mechanism

Author:
Yang Tao; Nagase Shigeru; Akasaka Takeshi; Poblet Josep M.; Houk K. N.; Ehara Masahiro; Zhao Xiang
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2015 v.137 no.21 pp. 6820-6828
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
cycloaddition reactions; energy; fullerene; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... The reaction mechanism and origin of regioselectivity of (2 + 2) cycloadditions of benzyne to endohedral metallofullerenes M₃N@C₈₀ (M = Sc, Y) were investigated with density functional calculations. The reaction was demonstrated to follow a diradical mechanism rather than a carbene mechanism, in which the formation of the diradical intermediate is the rate-determining step. Through rotation of ben ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.5b01444

33. (2-Chlorobenzoyloxy)copper(i) catalyzed C–S cross-coupling of di(hetero)aryl disulfides with aryl boronic acids under base-free conditions

Author:
Yan Guo; Zheng-Jun Quan; Yu-Xia Da; Zhang Zhang; Xi-Cun Wang
Source:
RSC advances 2015 v.5 no.56 pp. 45479-45483
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
aromatic compounds; boronic acids; catalytic activity; copper; cross-coupling reactions; disulfides; heterocyclic compounds; organic sulfur compounds
Abstract:
... (2-Chlorobenzoyloxy)copper(i) exhibited high activity towards the challenging C–S cross-coupling of di(hetero)aryl disulfides with aryl boronic acids. Herein, diheteroaryl as well as diaryl thioethers were produced with good to excellent yields under base-free conditions. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra05594f

34. (2R,3S)-Pinobanksin-3-cinnamate improves cognition and reduces oxidative stress in rats with vascular dementia

Author:
Hong Liu; Min Zhao; Shen Yang; Dian-Rong Gong; De-Zhe Chen; De-Yong Du
Source:
Natural medicines 2015 v.69 no.3 pp. 358-365
ISSN:
1340-3443
Subject:
carotid arteries; caspases; cognition; cytochrome c; dementia; glutathione; malondialdehyde; neuroprotective effect; oxidative stress; protein synthesis; rats; superoxide dismutase
Abstract:
... This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of (2R,3S)-pinobanksin-3-cinnamate (PNC) in rats with occlusion-damaged bilateral common carotid arteries. Administration with PNC (5 and 10 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks significantly improved the behavioral performance of rats with vascular dementia, as showed in the Morris water maze test by shortening the escape latency and latency of crossing, comp ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11418-015-0901-0

35. (2S)-7,4′-dihydroxy-8-prenylflavan stimulates adipogenesis and glucose uptake through p38MAPK pathway in 3T3-L1 cells

Author:
Jun Ji; Jingjie Zhu; Xiao Hu; Ting Wang; Xiaodong Zhang; Ai-Jun Hou; Heyao Wang
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2015 v.460 pp. 578-582
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
Western blotting; adipogenesis; adiponectin; adipose tissue; genes; glucose; glucose transporters; lipids; mitogen-activated protein kinase; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; obesity; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... Adipose tissue plays a key role in the development of obesity and diabetes. Natural products are one of the main sources for discovering new lead compounds. In the present study, (2S)-7,4′-dihydroxy-8-prenylflavan (DHPF), a natural prenylated flavan isolated from Morus yunnanensis, was found to significantly promote adipogenesis and increase glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells. Real-time PCR results sh ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.072

36. (2S,4E)-2-Hydroxy-4-octen-3-one, a Male-Produced Attractant Pheromone of the Cerambycid Beetle Tylonotus bimaculatus

Author:
Yunfan Zou; Jocelyn G. Millar; J. Scott Blackwood; Ryan Van Duzor; Lawrence M. Hanks; Judith A. Mongold-Diers; Joseph C. H. Wong; Ann M. Ray
Source:
Journal of chemical ecology 2015 v.41 no.7 pp. 670-677
ISSN:
0098-0331
Subject:
Cerambycidae; adults; bioassays; indigenous species; males; pheromones; North America
Abstract:
... We report the identification of a novel pheromone structure from males of the cerambycid beetle Tylonotus bimaculatus Haldeman (Cerambycinae: Hesperophanini), a species native to eastern North America. Volatiles collected from adult males contained (2S,4E)-2-hydroxyoct-4-en-3-one (71 %), (3R,4E)-3-hydroxyoct-4-en-2-one (15 %), (E)-4-octen-2,3-dione (13 %), and 2,3-octanedione (1.5 %). Four indepen ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10886-015-0603-9

37. A (3,8)-connected metal–organic framework with a unique binuclear [Ni₂(μ₂-OH)(COO)₂] node for high H₂ and CO₂ adsorption capacities

Author:
Lei Zhang; Jinjie Qian; Wenbin Yang; Xiaofei Kuang; Jun Zhang; Yixin Cui; Weiming Wu; Xiao-Yuan Wu; Can-Zhong Lu; Wen-Zhe Chen
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2015 v.3 no.30 pp. 15399-15402
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
adsorption; carbon dioxide; coordination polymers; hydrogen; methane; nitrogen; topology
Abstract:
... A rare binuclear [Ni₂(μ₂-OH)(COO)₂]-based nickel–organic framework (1) composed of close-packed irregular octahedral cages possesses a new (3,8)-connected topology with the Schläfli symbol of (3·5²)₂(3⁴·4²·5⁶·6¹¹·7⁴·8). At 1.0 bar, this activated sample (1a) exhibits a considerably high H₂ uptake of 203.2 cm³ g⁻¹ (1.81 wt%) at 77 K, and a high CO₂ uptake of 108.2 cm³ g⁻¹ (21.3 wt%) at 273 K. In ad ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ta03493k

38. (3E,7E)-3,7-Bis(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-5,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-f]indole-2,6(1H,3H)-dione based polymers for ambipolar organic thin film transistors

Author:
Yinghui He; Chang Guo; Bin Sun; Jesse Quinn; Yuning Li
Source:
Chemical communications 2015 v.51 no.38 pp. 8093-8096
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
chemical reactions; films (materials); polymers; transistors
Abstract:
... A novel acceptor, (3E,7E)-3,7-bis(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-5,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-f]indole-2,6(1H,3H)-dione, was reported. Donor–acceptor (D–A) polymer semiconductors using this new building block showed high ambipolar charge transport performance with hole and electron mobilities up to 0.19 and 0.09 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, respectively, in thin film transistors. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5cc01021g

39. (3E,8E)-3,8-Bis(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)naphtho-[1,2-b:5,6-b′]difuran-2,7(3H,8H)-dione (INDF) based polymers for organic thin-film transistors with highly balanced ambipolar charge transport characteristics

Author:
Yunfeng Deng; Bin Sun; Yinghui He; Jesse Quinn; Chang Guo; Yuning Li
Source:
Chemical communications 2015 v.51 no.70 pp. 13515-13518
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
chemical reactions; films (materials); polymers; transistors
Abstract:
... Two donor–acceptor (D–A) conjugated polymers, PINDFTT and PINDFBT, based on a novel electron acceptor, (3E,8E)-3,8-bis(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)naphtho-[1,2-b:5,6-b′]difuran-2,7(3H,8H)-dione (INDF), are synthesized for solution processed organic thin-film transistors. Both polymers exhibited highly balanced ambipolar characteristics with hole and electron mobilities up to 0.51 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ and 0.50 c ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5cc03917g

40. (4+1) vs (4+2): Catalytic Intramolecular Coupling between Cyclobutanones and Trisubstituted Allenes via C–C Activation

Author:
Zhou Xuan; Dong Guangbin
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2015 v.137 no.42 pp. 13715-13721
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
carbon; enantiomers; ligands
Abstract:
... Herein we describe a rhodium-catalyzed (4+1) cyclization between cyclobutanones and allenes, which provides a distinct [4.2.1]-bicyclic skeleton containing two quaternary carbon centers. The reaction involves C–C activation of cyclobutanones and employs allenes as a one-carbon unit. A variety of functional groups can be tolerated, and a diverse range of polycyclic scaffolds can be accessed. Excell ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.5b09799
PubMed:
26440740
PubMed Central:
PMC4884657

41. (5R)-5-Hydroxytriptolide (LLDT-8) inhibits osteoclastogenesis via RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway

Author:
Yi Shen; Ting Jiang; Rongsheng Wang; Shijun He; Mengru Guo; Jianping Zuo; Dongyi He
Source:
BMC complementary and alternative medicine 2015 v.15 no.1 pp. 77
ISSN:
1472-6882
Subject:
acid phosphatase; alternative medicine; blood; bone formation; flow cytometry; interleukin-10; interleukin-21; interleukin-23; interleukin-6; ligands; rheumatoid arthritis; secretion; synovial fluid; tartaric acid
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the regulative activity of (5R)-5-hydroxytriptolide (LLDT-8) on receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B (RANK)/Osteoprotegerin (OPG) system in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its anti-osteoclastogenesis mechanism. METHODS: The expression of OPG, RANK and RANKL in CD3⁺ T leukomonocytes in bot ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12906-015-0566-y

42. The (5Z)-5-Pentacosenoic and 5-Pentacosynoic Acids Inhibit the HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase

Author:
Lizabeth Giménez Moreira; Elsie A. Orellano; Karolyna Rosado; Rafael V. C. Guido; Adriano D. Andricopulo; Gabriela Ortiz Soto; José W. Rodríguez; David J. Sanabria-Ríos; Néstor M. Carballeira
Source:
Lipids 2015 v.50 no.10 pp. 1043-1050
ISSN:
0024-4201
Subject:
Human immunodeficiency virus 1; RNA-directed DNA polymerase; inhibitory concentration 50; molecular models; mononuclear leukocytes; nervonic acid; toxicity
Abstract:
... The natural fatty acids (5Z)-5-pentacosenoic and (9Z)-9-pentacosenoic acids were synthesized for the first time in eight steps starting from either 4-bromo-1-butanol or 8-bromo-1-butanol and in 20–58 % overall yields, while the novel fatty acids 5-pentacosynoic and 9-pentacosynoic acids were also synthesized in six steps and in 34–43 % overall yields. The ∆⁵ acids displayed the best IC₅₀’ₛ (24–38  ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11745-015-4064-2
PubMed:
26345647
PubMed Central:
PMC4841444

43. (6E) and (6Z)-9′-Aporhodoxanthinone, novel carotenoids produced in zeaxanthin-synthesizing-Escherichia coli by redox stress

Author:
Miho Takemura; Takashi Maoka; Ayako Osawa; Haruka Higashinaka; Hiroshi Shimada; Kazutoshi Shindo; Norihiko Misawa
Source:
Tetrahedron letters 2015 v.56 pp. 6063-6065
ISSN:
0040-4039
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Haematococcus pluvialis; Pantoea ananatis; aeration; bacteria; beta-carotene; beta-cryptoxanthin; chemical structure; genes; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; photooxidation; spectral analysis; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; zeaxanthin
Abstract:
... Recombinant Escherichia coli, carrying the crtE, crtB, crtI, crtY, and crtZ genes from the bacterium Pantoea ananatis in addition to the Haematococcus pluvialis idi gene, can dominantly produce zeaxanthin. Vigorous rotary-shaking culture of the recombinant cells to promote strong aeration led to the production of two structurally similar polar carotenoids [1 (3.7%) and 2 (2.9%)] and eschscholtzxan ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.058

44. (7E,11E)-3,5,9,11-Tetramethyltridecadienal: Sex Pheromone of the Strepsipteran Xenos peckii

Author:
Michael Hrabar; Huimin Zhai; Regine Gries; Paul W. Schaefer; Jason Draper; Robert Britton; Gerhard Gries
Source:
Journal of chemical ecology 2015 v.41 no.8 pp. 732-739
ISSN:
0098-0331
Subject:
Polistes fuscatus; Stylops; abdomen; antennae; bait traps; biochemical pathways; females; field experimentation; hexane; males; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; parasitoids; sex pheromones
Abstract:
... Xenos peckii is a strepsipteran parasitoid of the common North American paper wasp, Polistes fuscatus. Mate-seeking X. peckii males respond to a long-range sex pheromone emitted by the female, which remains permanently embedded within the abdomen of a mobile host wasp. During peak pheromone signalling, we excised the female from her host, severed the cephalothorax containing the pheromone gland, e ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10886-015-0613-7

45. (9βH)-Pimaranes and Derivatives from the Tuber of Icacina trichantha

Author:
Zhao Ming; Onakpa Monday M.; Santarsiero Bernard D.; Chen Wei-Lun; Szymulanska-Ramamurthy Karina M.; Swanson Steven M.; Burdette Joanna E.; Che Chun-Tao
Source:
Journal of natural products 2015 v.78 no.11 pp. 2731-2737
ISSN:
1520-6025
Subject:
Icacina; X-ray diffraction; anticarcinogenic activity; cytotoxicity; humans; inhibitory concentration 50; melanoma; spectroscopy; tubers
Abstract:
... New 17-nor-pimaranes (1, 2), (9βH)-pimaranes (3, 4), and 17-nor-(9βH)-pimarane (5) were isolated from the tuber of Icacina trichantha. The structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic and HRMS data. The absolute configurations of 3 and 5 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 5 possesses a unique 19,20-δ-lactone moiety. Compound 3 showed cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-435 ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00688
PubMed:
26523419
PubMed Central:
PMC4703074

46. (Ag,Cu)–Ta–O Ternaries As High-Temperature Solid-Lubricant Coatings

Author:
Gao Hongyu; Otero-de-la-Roza Alberto; Gu Jingjing; Stone D’Arcy; Aouadi Samir M.; Johnson Erin R.; Martini Ashlie
Source:
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2015 v.7 no.28 pp. 15422-15429
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
coatings; copper; energy; friction; lubricants; methodology; molecular dynamics; oxides; silver; temperature
Abstract:
... Ternary oxides have gained increasing attention due to their potential use as solid lubricants at elevated temperatures. In this work, the tribological properties of three ternary oxidesAgTaO₃, CuTaO₃, and CuTa₂O₆were studied using a combination of density-functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with newly developed empirical potential parameters, and experimental measuremen ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.5b03543

47. (Arylimido)vanadium(V)–Alkylidene Complexes Containing Fluorinated Aryloxo and Alkoxo Ligands for Fast Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) and Highly Cis-Specific ROMP

Author:
Hou Xiaohua; Nomura Kotohiro
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2015 v.137 no.14 pp. 4662-4665
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
catalytic activity; ligands; molecular weight; polymerization; polymers; vanadium
Abstract:
... (Arylimido)vanadium(V)–alkylidene complexes, V(CHSiMe₃)(N-2,6-X₂C₆H₃)(OC₆F₅)(PMe₃)₂ [X = Me (2), Cl (4)], exhibited remarkable catalytic activities for ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene, and the ROMP by 2 proceeded in a living manner, affording ultrahigh molecular weight polymers. Cis-specific ROMP was achieved with the alkoxo analogues, V(CHSiMe₃)(N-2,6-X₂C₆H₃)[OC(CH₃)(C ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.5b02149

48. (Carboxy-3-oxopropylamino)-3-propylsilylcellulose as a novel organocatalyst for the synthesis of substituted imidazoles under solvent-free conditions

Author:
Mehri Salimi; Mohammad Ali Nasseri; Tayyebeh Daliran Chapesshloo; Batol Zakerinasab
Source:
RSC advances 2015 v.5 no.43 pp. 33974-33980
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
aldehydes; amines; ammonium acetate; anhydrides; cellulose; imidazoles; moieties; organocatalysts
Abstract:
... (Carboxy-3-oxopropylamino)-3-propylsilylcellulose (COPAPSC), a novel organocatalyst, has been prepared by a synthesis grafting of –COOH functionalized organosilanes on a cellulose using surface hydroxyl groups as anchor points. The –CO₂H group-functionalized cellulose was synthesized via the consecutive surface functionalization with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APTES) followed by the condensat ...
DOI:
10.1039/c5ra01909e

49. (Chemo)enzymatic cascades—Nature's synthetic strategy transferred to the laboratory

Author:
Eduardo García-Junceda; Iván Lavandera; Dörte Rother; Joerg H. Schrittwieser
Source:
Journal of molecular catalysis 2015 v.114 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
1381-1177
Subject:
biocatalysis; chemists; researchers
Abstract:
... The astonishing efficiency with which living organisms build complex molecules from simple starting materials has inspired chemists for centuries. Among the synthetic strategies that nature uses to achieve this efficiency, the combination of several enzymatic transformations in cascading sequences is of outstanding importance. With the rise of biocatalysis, researchers now have the tools at hand t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.12.007

50. (De)growth and welfare in an equilibrium model with heterogeneous consumers

Author:
T. Heikkinen
Source:
Ecological economics 2015 v.116 pp. 330-340
ISSN:
0921-8009
Subject:
consumer economics; ecological economics; simulation models; socioeconomic development; socioeconomic status
Abstract:
... This paper studies equilibrium growth and voluntary degrowth, allowing for heterogeneous and time-varying preferences. The approach is based on applying a dynamic equilibrium model with externalities in production, consumption, and leisure. Preference heterogeneity regarding status competition is modeled by asymmetric consumption externality parameters whereas heterogeneity regarding voluntary sim ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.05.005