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You searched for: Publication year rev 7986-2014 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7986-2014 Subject term Democratic Republic of the Congo Remove constraint Subject term: Democratic Republic of the Congo
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1. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence: Discovery of a large, continuous population of Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii in the Central Uele region of northern DRC

Author:
Thurston C. Hicks; Sandra Tranquilli; Hjalmar Kuehl; Geneviève Campbell; Jeroen Swinkels; Laura Darby; Christophe Boesch; John Hart; Steph B.J. Menken
Source:
Biological conservation 2014 v.171 pp. 107-113
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
Pan troglodytes; biomass; bushmeat; forests; habitat destruction; landscapes; mining; natural resources conservation; nests; population dynamics; surveys; trade; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... With great ape populations in decline across much of their range, it is crucial to obtain a global picture of their distribution and abundance, in order to guide conservation activities and to provide baseline data against which to monitor their trends. Although great apes are popular, charismatic species, we still do not possess a complete understanding of their distribution and abundance, which ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2014.01.002

2. Assessment of pathogenic bacteria in water and sediment from a water reservoir under tropical conditions (Lake Ma Vallée), Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Author:
Paola M. Mwanamoki; Naresh Devarajan; Florian Thevenon; Emmanuel K. Atibu; Joseph B. Tshibanda; Patience Ngelinkoto; Pius T. Mpiana; Kandasamy Prabakar; Josué I. Mubedi; Christophe G. Kabele; Walter Wildi; John Poté
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2014 v.186 no.10 pp. 6821-6830
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; World Health Organization; bacteria; human health; indicator species; lakes; pathogens; plate count; polymerase chain reaction; recreation; risk; sediments; summer; surface quality; surface water; water quality; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to assess potential human health risks presented by pathogenic bacteria in a protected multi-use lake-reservoir (Lake Ma Vallée) located in west of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Water and surface sediments from several points of the Lake were collected during summer. Microbial analysis was performed for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus (ENT), Pseudomonas spec ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-014-3891-6
PubMed:
24981879

3. At the Edge of a Species Boundary: A New and Relatively Young Species of Leptopelis (Anura: Arthroleptidae) from the Itombwe Plateau, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Author:
Portillo Frank; Greenbaum Eli
Source:
Herpetologica 2014 v.70 no.1 pp. 100-119
ISSN:
1938-5099
Subject:
Anura; DNA; biodiversity; indigenous species; new species; nucleotide sequences; plateaus; strength (mechanics); Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... The genus Leptopelis is composed of 51 morphologically conserved anurans which are found throughout sub-Saharan Africa. We describe a new species of Leptopelis from the Itombwe Plateau, a renowned center of endemism in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The new species is included in a well-supported polytomy with populations of the widespread Albertine Rift-endemic Leptopelis karissimbensi ...
DOI:
10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-12-00087

4. Bushmeat, over-fishing and covariates explaining fish abundance declines in the Central Congo Basin

Author:
Bila-Isia Inogwabini
Source:
Environmental biology of fishes 2014 v.97 no.7 pp. 787-796
ISSN:
0378-1909
Subject:
bushmeat; fish; fish nets; forests; linear models; markets; overfishing; wildlife; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Fish stocks are declining at alarming rates in the Central African forests but little is known about patterns of fishing pressure for different areas. To contribute to the understanding of covariates that could explain these trends, this study documented the relative abundances of fish in eleven sites in the western Democratic Republic of Congo in relation to human density, distance from the neare ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10641-013-0179-6

5. Design of a photovoltaic–wind charging station for small electric Tuk–tuk in D.R.Congo

Author:
Herman Jacobus Vermaak; Kanzumba Kusakana
Source:
Renewable energy 2014 v.67 pp. 40-45
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
batteries; computer software; economic sustainability; energy; energy requirements; generators (equipment); renewable energy sources; rural areas; vehicles (equipment); wind; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Renewable energy charging stations can play a key role in the successful development and deployment of electric vehicles in the areas not connected to the electrical grid. This paper discusses the possibilities of using electric Tuk–tuk battery charging station in the rural areas of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC); the basic specifications of the proposed vehicle propulsion system are taken ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2013.11.019

6. Does a cassava research-for-development program have impact at the farm level? Evidence from the Democratic Republic of Congo

Author:
J. Rusike; N.M. Mahungu; S.S. Lukombo; T. Kendenga; S.M. Bidiaka; A. Alene; A. Lema; V.M. Manyong
Source:
Food policy 2014 v.46 pp. 193-204
ISSN:
0306-9192
Subject:
cassava; crop management; cultivars; data collection; farm programs; farms; markets; profits and margins; surveys; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... This paper evaluates the impact of a cassava research-for-development program on farm level outcomes. The program was implemented in the Democratic Republic of Congo from 2001 to 2009. We apply propensity score matching, Rosenbaum bounds on treatment effects, Altonji et al. method of selection on observables and unobservables and endogenous switching regression to farm survey data collected during ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodpol.2014.03.012

7. Experience project horticulture in urban and peri-urban FAO on securing access to resources (land and water) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Author:
Kitiaka, B.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2014 v. no.1021 pp. 285-288
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Food and Agriculture Organization; arable soils; cities; engineering; experts; horticulture; infrastructure; land tenure; microirrigation; pumps; rural development; urbanization; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Urban and peri-urban horticulture play key roles in supplying food for cities that are currently undergoing intensified urbanization. But urban and peri-urban horticulture can be carried out only on land with the proper water and agricultural infrastructures. The increasing population in and around large cities accentuates the problem of access to arable land for horticultural activities. An FAO u ...

8. First Report of Maize chlorotic mottle virus Infecting Maize in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Author:
Lukanda M.; Owati A.; Ogunsanya P.; Valimunzigha K.; Katsongo K.; Ndemere H.; Kumar P. Lava
Source:
Plant disease 2014 v.98 no.10 pp. 1448
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
DNA; Maize chlorotic mottle virus; Maize streak virus; Sugarcane mosaic virus; Zea mays; corn; crop production; forage; leaves; monitoring; necrosis; open reading frames; plant diseases and disorders; plant viruses; polyclonal antibodies; rabbits; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; sequence analysis; virology; viruses; China; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Kenya; Nigeria; Rwanda; Tanzania; Uganda; United States
Abstract:
... Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major food and fodder crop cultivated on 1.54 million ha in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In December 2013, unusually severe chlorotic mottle symptoms and pale green streaks were observed in local varieties (Mudishi 1 and 2, Bambou, Kasayi, H614, H613, and Mugamba) and exotic varieties (H520, H624, H403, HDK8031, and ZM607) in Beni, Lubero, and Rutshuru terri ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-04-14-0394-PDN

9. How the integration of the gender concept in horticulture improved livelihoods of rural women through the creation of a new value chain

Author:
Mutshail, G.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2014 v. no.1021 pp. 259-262
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Food and Agriculture Organization; carrots; commercialization; fruits; gardening; income; marketing strategies; markets; perishable products; prices; raw vegetables; transporters; women; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... A new marketing strategy has been created in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo: the commercialization of fresh vegetables by women. The city of Lubumbashi counts about 3 million inhabitants who consume about 43% of the vegetables produced in the horticulture sector organized by the FAO/SENAHUP project. The commercialization system is vital in the market gardening sector and various mech ...

10. Improving smallholders' participation in tree product value chains: experiences from the Congo Basin

Author:
Ann Degrande; Amos Gyau; Divine Foundjem-Tita; Eric Tollens
Source:
Forests, trees and livelihoods 2014 v.23 no.1-2 pp. 102-115
ISSN:
2164-3075
Subject:
agroforestry; commercialization; domestication; forests; issues and policy; livelihood; markets; nontimber forest products; planting; supply chain; trees; Cameroon; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... In recent years, there has been increasing use of the value chain approach as a strategy to improve smallholder participation in markets. Despite the surge, not much is known about its effectiveness and specificity in the context of lesser known commodities such as non-timber forest products and agroforestry tree products. This paper documents the key lessons learned from the implementation of two ...
DOI:
10.1080/14728028.2014.886867

11. Innovative tools for assessing risks for severe adverse events in areas of overlapping Loa loa and other filarial distributions: the application of micro-stratification mapping

Author:
Louise A Kelly-Hope; Jorge Cano; Michelle C Stanton; Moses J Bockarie; David H Molyneux
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2014 v.7 no.1 pp. 307
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
Loa loa; Wolbachia; doxycycline; geographic information systems; ivermectin; onchocerciasis; risk; statistical analysis; therapeutics; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The wide distribution of Loa loa infection (loiasis) throughout the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a major obstacle to the plans to eliminate onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis (LF) because the standard drug regime is dependent on ivermectin, which cannot be used in co-endemic areas due to the risk of severe adverse events (SAEs). A better understanding of the micro-epidemi ...
DOI:
10.1186/1756-3305-7-307
PubMed:
24992829
PubMed Central:
PMC4101798

12. Institutional reforms and agricultural policy process: lessons from Democratic Republic of Congo

Author:
Catherine Ragasa; Suresh C Babu; John Ulimwengu
Source:
Agricultural and food economics 2014 v.2 no.1 pp. 4
ISSN:
2193-7532
Subject:
agricultural policy; decentralization; food security; planning; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Attaining food security for all requires well-functioning institutions and policy process that are effective in designing and implementing food and agricultural policies and programs. This paper assesses early stages of the decentralization and institutional reforms in the policymaking processes in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It develops a conceptual framework and adopts an innovative ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40100-014-0004-3

13. Microbiological and physicochemical characterization of water and sediment of an urban river: N’Djili River, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Author:
Joseph B. Tshibanda; Naresh Devarajan; Niane Birane; Paola M. Mwanamoki; Emmanuel K. Atibu; Pius T. Mpiana; Kandasamy Prabakar; Josué Mubedi Ilunga; Walter Wildi; John Poté
Source:
Sustainability of water quality and ecology 2014 v.3-4 pp. 47-54
ISSN:
2212-6139
Subject:
Enterococcus faecalis; Escherichia coli; aquatic environment; bacteria; cities; electrical conductivity; freshwater; indicator species; industrial effluents; landfills; mercury; mixing; organic matter; pH; particle size distribution; polymerase chain reaction; rivers; sediments; toxicity; water quality; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Microbial and toxic metals contamination of freshwater resources is still a major problem in many parts of the world. In this study, water and sediment samples (n=9) were subjected to the microbiological and some physicochemical analysis to assess the water quality of the N’Djili River (Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo). Microbiological analysis was performed for faecal indicator bacteria (F ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.swaqe.2014.07.001

14. Muchimangins G–J, Fully Substituted Xanthones with a Diphenylmethyl Substituent, from Securidaca longepedunculata

Author:
Dibwe Dya F.; Awale Suresh; Kadota Shigetoshi; Morita Hiroyuki; Tezuka Yasuhiro
Source:
Journal of natural products 2014 v.77 no.5 pp. 1241-1244
ISSN:
1520-6025
Subject:
Securidaca; chemical structure; roots; spectral analysis; xanthones; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Four highly oxygenated xanthones, muchimangins G–J (1–4), have been isolated from the roots of Securidaca longepedunculata collected in Democratic Republic of Congo. Their structures were elucidated by analyses of spectroscopic data to be fully substituted xanthones with a diphenylmethyl substituent at C-2. ...
DOI:
10.1021/np5000445

15. Phylogeographic analysis on the travel-related introduction of HIV-1 non-B subtypes to Northern Poland

Author:
Milosz Parczewski; Anna Urbanska; Anna Grzeszczuk; Katarzyna Maciejewska; Magdalena Witak-Jedra; Magdalena Leszczyszyn-Pynka
Source:
Infection, genetics, and evolution 2014 v.27 pp. 121-130
ISSN:
1567-1348
Subject:
Human immunodeficiency virus 1; immigration; molecular epidemiology; monitoring; patients; phylogeny; phylogeography; provenance; Brazil; Cameroon; Central African Republic; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Eastern European region; Poland
Abstract:
... Phylodynamic, sequence data based reconstructions for the surveillance of the geographic spatial spread are a powerful tool in molecular epidemiology. In this study region of origin for the set of 57 partial pol sequences derived from the patients the history of travel-related HIV transmission was analyzed using phylogeographic approach. Maximum likelihood trees based on the sets of country-annota ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meegid.2014.07.004

16. Population genetics of forest type of Trypanosoma congolense circulating in Glossina palpalis palpalis of Fontem in the South-West region of Cameroon

Author:
Gustave Simo; Pythagore Soubgwi Fogue; Tresor Tito Tanekou Melachio; Flobert Njiokou; Jules Roger Kuiate; Tazoacha Asonganyi
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2014 v.7 no.1 pp. 385
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
DNA; Glossina palpalis; Trypanosoma congolense; asexual reproduction; forest types; genetic variation; genotype; microsatellite repeats; midgut; mixed infection; parasites; polymerase chain reaction; population genetics; savannas; surveys; traps; villages; Cameroon; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Genetic variation of microsatellite loci is a widely used method for the analysis of population genetic structure of several organisms. To improve our knowledge on the population genetics of trypanosomes, Trypanosoma congolense forest and savannah types were identified in the mid-guts of Glossina palpalis palpalis caught in five villages of Fontem in the South-West region of Cameroon. ...
DOI:
10.1186/1756-3305-7-385
PubMed:
25142136
PubMed Central:
PMC4261900

17. Reidentification of Ebola Virus E718 and ME as Ebola Virus/H.sapiens-tc/COD/1976/Yambuku-Ecran

Author:
Jens H. Kuhn; Loreen L. Lofts; Jeffrey R. Kugelman; Sophie J. Smither; Mark S. Lever; Guido van der Groen; Karl M. Johnson; Sheli R. Radoshitzky; Sina Bavari; Peter B. Jahrling; Jonathan S. Towner; Stuart T. Nichol; Gustavo Palacios
Source:
Genome announcements 2014 v.2 no.6 pp. e01178-14
ISSN:
2169-8287
Subject:
Ebolavirus; databases; genome; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Ebola virus (EBOV) was discovered in 1976 around Yambuku, Zaire. A lack of nomenclature standards resulted in a variety of designations for each isolate, leading to confusion in the literature and databases. We sequenced the genome of isolate E718/ME/Ecran and unified the various designations under Ebola virus/H.sapiens-tc/COD/1976/Yambuku-Ecran. ...
DOI:
10.1128/genomeA.01178-14
PubMed:
25414499
PubMed Central:
PMC4239354

18. Spatial patterns of diurnal lightning activity in southern Africa during austral summer

Author:
Shouraseni Sen Roy; Robert C. Balling
Source:
Atmospheric research 2014 v.145-146 pp. 182-188
ISSN:
0169-8095
Subject:
coasts; cold; data collection; diurnal variation; heat; image analysis; lightning; rain; summer; topography; water currents; watersheds; Atlantic Ocean; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Kalahari Desert; Republic of the Congo; Saint Helena; Southern Africa
Abstract:
... In the present study we used harmonic analysis to investigate the spatial distribution of diurnal patterns of hourly lightning flash activity during the months of January and February from 1998 to 2013 in southern Africa. The data were obtained from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission dataset collected through a lightning imaging sensor. The spatial distribution of lightning activity during th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.03.026

19. A Revision of Afrotropical Oligopogon Loew, 1847 (Diptera: Asilidae) with the Description of Eighteen New Species

Author:
Londt Jason G. H.
Source:
African invertebrates 2014 v.55 no.2 pp. 269-322
ISSN:
1681-5556
Subject:
species identification; Asilidae; new species; Namibia; Angola; Nigeria; Gambia; Kenya; Eswatini; Zambia; Cote d'Ivoire; Mozambique; Malawi; Botswana; Tanzania; South Africa; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Senegal
Abstract:
... The Afrotropical representatives of Oligopogon Loew, 1847 are reviewed. Twenty-nine species are recognised. Eleven previously described species considered valid are redescribed (ater Bigot, 1879, enigmatus Oldroyd, 1974, harlequini Oldroyd, 1970, hyacinthina (Bigot, 1876), hyalipennis (Oldroyd, 1960), mbambingomia Tomasovic & DeBakker, 2010, nigripennis Engel & Cuthbertson, 1937, nitidus Efflatoun ...
DOI:
10.5733/afin.055.0201

20. A Step Prior to REDD+ Implementation: A Socioeconomic Study

Author:
Bernard Anne; Gélinas Nancy; World Wide Fund for Nature-DRC
Source:
International journal of forestry research 2014 v.2014 pp. -
ISSN:
1687-9368
Subject:
United Nations; climate change; conservation areas; deforestation; emissions; forest management; forests; income; land use; population pressure; summer; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Phase 2 of the United Nations’ REDD+ climate change mitigation initiative is underway in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Meanwhile, activities are being implemented to assess the reduction of emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. REDD+ projects need to include a social dimension; thus, the aim of this research was to understand how land-use relationships vary across communities in ...
DOI:
10.1155/2014/563021

21. A highly immunogenic fragment derived from Zaire Ebola virus glycoprotein elicits effective neutralizing antibody

Author:
Yu Wang; Zhuguo Liu; Qiuyun Dai
Source:
Virus research 2014 v.189 pp. 254-261
ISSN:
0168-1702
Subject:
Zaire Ebola virus; antigens; cell-mediated immunity; cross immunity; cytokines; glycoproteins; immunogenicity; mice; neutralization; neutralizing antibodies; plasmids; recombinant proteins; secretion; splenocytes; vaccines; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Sudan
Abstract:
... In order to produce polyvalent vaccines based on single rVSV vector, we investigated the immunogenicity, antibody neutralizing activity, and antigenic determinant domain of Zaire Ebola's fragment MFL (aa 393–556) that contains furin site and internal fusion loop. Both the recombinant protein and the recombinant plasmid of fragment MFL elicited high levels of antibody, similar to those of Zaire Ebo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.virusres.2014.06.001

22. A ranking of net national contributions to climate change mitigation through tropical forest conservation

Author:
L.R. Carrasco; S.K. Papworth
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2014 v.146 pp. 575-581
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
carbon; carbon markets; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; climate change; deforestation; ecosystem services; emissions; tropical forests; tropics; Brazil; Democratic Republic of the Congo; India; Indonesia; Nigeria; Sudan
Abstract:
... Deforestation in tropical regions causes 15% of global anthropogenic carbon emissions and reduces the mitigation potential of carbon sequestration services. A global market failure occurs as the value of many ecosystem services provided by forests is not recognised by the markets. Identifying the contribution of individual countries to tropical carbon stocks and sequestration might help identify r ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.08.016

23. Advancing climate compatible development: lessons from southern Africa

Author:
Lindsay C. Stringer; Andrew J. Dougill; Jen C. Dyer; Katharine Vincent; Florian Fritzsche; Julia Leventon; Mario Paulo Falcão; Pascal Manyakaidze; Stephen Syampungani; Philip Powell; Gabriel Kalaba
Source:
Regional environmental change 2014 v.14 no.2 pp. 713-725
ISSN:
1436-3798
Subject:
case studies; climate; climate change; issues and policy; learning; nongovernmental organizations; private sector; researchers; stakeholders; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Mozambique; Zambia; Zimbabwe
Abstract:
... Climate compatible development (CCD) has emerged as a new concept that bridges climate change adaptation, mitigation and community-based development. Progress towards CCD requires multi-stakeholder, multi-sector working and the development of partnerships between actors who may not otherwise have worked together. This creates challenges and opportunities that require careful examination at project ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10113-013-0533-4

24. Agro-industrial plantations in Central Africa, risks and opportunities

Author:
Laurène Feintrenie
Source:
Biodiversity and conservation 2014 v.23 no.6 pp. 1577-1589
ISSN:
0960-3115
Subject:
forests; livelihood; plantations; risk; stakeholders; surveys; Cameroon; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Gabon; Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Large-scale land-based investments in Central Africa are not new, and the first decade of the twenty-first century saw renewed interest in agriculture by foreign investors. The new rush for farm land has involved new multi-national holdings in the region and sometimes in the sector. This paper analyses the recent wave of investments in farm land, and discusses their specificity, the ways the host ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10531-014-0687-5

25. Archaeological charcoals as archives for firewood preferences and vegetation composition during the late Holocene in the southern Mayumbe, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

Author:
Wannes Hubau; Jan Van den Bulcke; Koen Bostoen; Bernard Olivier Clist; Alexandre Livingstone Smith; Nele Defoirdt; Florias Mees; Laurent Nsenga; Joris Van Acker; Hans Beeckman
Source:
Vegetation history and archaeobotany 2014 v.23 no.5 pp. 591-606
ISSN:
0939-6314
Subject:
botanical composition; charcoal; climate; forest types; fuelwood; humans; medicinal properties; people; rain forests; savannas; wood density; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Analysis of charcoal from an archaeological assemblage near the Lukula community located at the southernmost boundary of the Mayombe forest (Bas-Congo, DRC) yielded 30 taxa used as firewood between 1,200 and 700 cal. B.P. Local people mentioned 71 taxa preferred for use nowadays. The identified taxa belong either to mature rainforest, pioneer forest, regenerating forest or woodland savanna, indica ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00334-013-0415-1

26. Assessment of Potential of Croton gratissimus Oil for Macroscale Production of Biodiesel Based on Thermophysical Properties

Author:
Bahadur Indra; Bux Faizal; Guldhe Abhishek; Tumba Kaniki; Singh Bhaskar; Ramjugernath Deresh; Moodley Kandasamy G.
Source:
Energy & Fuels 2014 v.28 no.12 pp. 7576-7581
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
Croton; alternative fuels; biodiesel; catalysts; fatty acid composition; feedstocks; food security; fossil fuels; fuel production; oils; refractive index; saponification; specific gravity; sulfuric acid; temperature; thermal analysis; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Quantitative assessments of the potential of a novel non-edible feedstock for biodiesel production are crucial for two reasons in addition to the primary concern of food security. The first is to find alternative fuels as replacements for dwindling reserves of fossil fuels. The second is to ascertain whether biodiesel produced from oil extracted from Croton gratissimus has properties close to that ...
DOI:
10.1021/ef502270v

27. Budget process bottlenecks for immunization financing in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

Author:
Jean-Bernard Le Gargasson; Benoît Mibulumukini; Bradford D. Gessner; Anaïs Colombini
Source:
Vaccine 2014 v.32 no.9 pp. 1036-1042
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
credit; data collection; funding; human resources; immunization; motivation; vaccines; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... In Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the availability of domestic resources for the immunization program is limited and relies mostly on external donor support. DRC has introduced a series of reforms to move the country toward performance-based management and program budgets.The objectives of the study were to: (i) describe the budget process norm, (ii) analyze the budget process in practice ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.12.036

28. Capacity builders for governance: community-driven reconstruction in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Author:
Patrick Milabyo Kyamusugulwa; Dorothea Hilhorst; Gemma Van Der Haar
Source:
Development in practice 2014 v.24 no.7 pp. 812-826
ISSN:
1364-9213
Subject:
accountability; anthropology; governance; infrastructure; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Community-driven reconstruction (CDR) has become a new paradigm in post-conflict development. It combines infrastructure restoration with introducing good governance at the local level. Recent evaluations show that governance objectives are not easily met and significant change cannot be demonstrated. This paper adds to this argument on the basis of ethnographic research on a CDR programme in east ...
DOI:
10.1080/09614524.2014.944484

29. Carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, and foreign direct investment: Causality analysis for Sub-Saharan Africa

Author:
Pendo Kivyiro; Heli Arminen
Source:
Energy 2014 v.74 pp. 595-606
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
carbon dioxide; economic development; energy; foreign direct investment; greenhouse gas emissions; gross domestic product; issues and policy; models; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Kenya; Republic of the Congo; South Africa; Zambia; Zimbabwe
Abstract:
... This study investigates the causal links between CO2 (carbon dioxide) emissions, energy consumption, economic development and FDI (foreign direct investment) in six Sub Saharan African countries: the Republic of the Congo, the DRC (Democratic Republic of the Congo), Kenya, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The results based on an autoregressive distributed lag model imply that the variables move ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2014.07.025

30. Cassava, the Next Corn for Starch Sweeteners

Author:
Shetty Jay K.; Strohm Bruce A.; Lee Sung Ho; Duan Gang; Bates David
Source:
Industrial biotechnology 2014 v.10 no.4 pp. 275-284
ISSN:
1931-8421
Subject:
amylose; biotechnology; cassava; corn; enzymatic hydrolysis; lipids; proteins; roots; sugars; sweeteners; tapioca; trade; wheat; Brazil; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Indonesia; Nigeria; Thailand
Abstract:
... Cassava, also known as tapioca, is grown for its enlarged starch-filled roots in Nigeria, Thailand, Brazil, Zaire, and Indonesia, and production is continuing to increase in Africa and Asia. Currently, Southeast Asia is the leading producer of cassava for industrial uses and trade. As high-quality cassava starch becomes increasingly available, its utilization as a replacement for sugar via enzymat ...
DOI:
10.1089/ind.2014.0010

31. Climate Change and Forest Communities: Prospects for Building Institutional Adaptive Capacity in the Congo Basin Forests

Author:
H. Carolyn Peach Brown; Barry Smit; Olufunso A. Somorin; Denis J. Sonwa; Johnson Ndi Nkem
Source:
Ambio 2014 v.43 no.6 pp. 759-769
ISSN:
0044-7447
Subject:
climate change; forest communities; indigenous peoples; interviews; private sector; risk; society; stakeholders; tropical forests; Cameroon; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Tropical forests are vulnerable to climate-change representing a risk for indigenous peoples and forest-dependent communities. Mechanisms to conserve the forest, such as REDD+, could assist in the mitigation of climate change, reduce vulnerability, and enable people to adapt. Ninety-eight interviews were conducted in three countries containing the Congo Basin forest, Cameroon, CAR, and DRC, to inv ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13280-014-0493-z
PubMed:
24570211
PubMed Central:
PMC4165834 [Available on 10/01/15]

32. Complementary feeding and attained linear growth among 6–23-month-old children

Author:
Adelheid W Onyango; Elaine Borghi; Mercedes de Onis; Ma del Carmen Casanovas; Cutberto Garza
Source:
Public health nutrition 2014 v.17 no.9 pp. 1975-1983
ISSN:
1475-2727
Subject:
analysis of variance; children; complementary foods; developing countries; diet; food groups; infant feeding; models; surveys; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Ethiopia; Mali; Niger; North America; Peru
Abstract:
... To examine the association between complementary feeding indicators and attained linear growth at 6–23 months. Secondary analysis of Phase V Demographic and Health Surveys data (2003–2008). Country-specific ANOVA models were used to estimate effects of three complementary feeding indicators (minimum meal frequency, minimum dietary diversity and minimum adequate diet) on length-for-age, adjusted fo ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1368980013002401
PubMed:
24050753

33. Dendrochronological Potential in a Semi-Deciduous Rainforest: The Case of Pericopsis elata in Central Africa

Author:
Maaike De Ridder; Benjamin Toirambe; Jan Van Den Bulcke; Nils Bourland; Joris Van Acker; Hans Beeckman
Source:
Forests 2014 v.5 no.12 pp. 3087-3106
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
El Nino; Pericopsis elata; climatic factors; dendroclimatology; endangered species; growth rings; international trade; pioneer species; planning; rain forests; surface temperature; time series analysis; trees; tropical wood; wet season; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Indian Ocean
Abstract:
... The long-lived pioneer species Pericopsis elata is one of the rare tropical timbers on the list of the Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species, supporting the need for accurate and reliable growth data. In one planted and one natural forest in the Democratic Republic of Congo, respectively four and 37 Pericopsis stem disks were collected. The tree-ring series of planted trees were ...
DOI:
10.3390/f5123087

34. Determinants of Consumer Preferences for Honey in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Author:
Amos Gyau; Claude Akalakou; Ann Degrande; Apollinaire Biloso
Source:
Journal of food products marketing 2014 v.20 no.5 pp. 476-490
ISSN:
1540-4102
Subject:
apiculture; business enterprises; consumer preferences; foods; forests; honey; households; income; marketing strategies; markets; nontimber forest products; profitability; savannas; secondary education; surveys; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... Honey is one of the important non-timber forest products consumed in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and, as such, an important source of income for many households. However, poor knowledge of buyers’ preferences in the marketing of honey presents a major challenge to the profitability of the honey enterprises. The research presented in this article identifies key consumer characteristics t ...
DOI:
10.1080/10454446.2013.807405

35. Dorstenia luamensis (Moraceae), a new species from eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Author:
Miguel E. Leal
Source:
PhytoKeys 2014 v.42 pp. 49-55
ISSN:
1314-2003
Subject:
Moraceae; conservation areas; conservation status; forests; latex; new species; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Lake Tanganyika
Abstract:
... A new species of Dorstenia L. (Moraceae), Dorstenia luamensis M.E.Leal, is described from the Luama Wildlife Reserve, west of Lake Tanganyika and north of the town of Kalemie in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This species is endemic to the region and differs from any of the other species by its fernlike lithophytic habit and lack of latex. A description and illustratio ...
DOI:
10.3897/phytokeys.42.7604

36. Ethnobotanic survey of some plants used as anti-schistosomal in and around Lubumbashi

Author:
K. Muya; K. Tshoto; C. C. Cioci; M. M. Aseho; M. Kalonji; K. Byanga; E. Kalonda; L. Simbi
Source:
Phytothérapie 2014 v.12 no.4 pp. 213-228
ISSN:
1624-8597
Subject:
bark; drinking; ethnobotany; fruits; herbal medicines; leaves; maceration; malaria; medicinal plants; rhizomes; roots; schistosomiasis; seeds; surveys; vapors; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... For contributing to the assemblage of medicinal plants used against schistosomiasis in Lubumbashi and nearby, a survey was piloted in this area. This ethnobotanic survey involving 43 respondents permitted us to collect information about 61 plants used as anti-schistosomal. These species belong to 55 different genuses distributed among 32 families. The result allows us to know that these anti-schis ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10298-014-0877-z

37. Forest carbon in Amazonia: the unrecognized contribution of indigenous territories and protected natural areas

Author:
Wayne Walker; Alessandro Baccini; Stephan Schwartzman; Sandra Ríos; María A. Oliveira-Miranda; Cicero Augusto; Milton Romero Ruiz; Carla Soria Arrasco; Beto Ricardo; Richard Smith; Chris Meyer; Juan Carlos Jintiach; Edwin Vasquez Campos
Source:
Carbon management 2014 v.5 no.5-6 pp. 479-485
ISSN:
1758-3012
Subject:
carbon; carbon sequestration; climate; issues and policy; nongovernmental organizations; risk; risk assessment; tropical forests; Amazonia; Colombia; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Ecuador; Indonesia; Peru
Abstract:
... Carbon sequestration is a widely acknowledged and increasingly valued function of tropical forest ecosystems; however, until recently, the information needed to assess the carbon storage capacity of Amazonian indigenous territories (ITs) and protected natural areas (PNAs) in a global context remained either lacking or out of reach. Here, as part of a novel north–south collaboration among Amazonian ...
DOI:
10.1080/17583004.2014.990680

38. High prevalence and diversity of species D adenoviruses (HAdV-D) in human populations of four Sub-Saharan countries

Author:
Maude Pauly; Eileen Hoppe; Lawrence Mugisha; Klara Petrzelkova; Chantal Akoua-Koffi; Emmanuel Couacy-Hymann; Augustin Etile Anoh; Arsène Mossoun; Grit Schubert; Lidewij Wiersma; Sabwe Pascale; Jean-Jacques Muyembe; Stomy Karhemere; Sabrina Weiss; Siv Aina Leendertz; Sébastien Calvignac-Spencer; Fabian H Leendertz; Bernhard Ehlers
Source:
Virology journal 2014 v.11 no.1 pp. 25
ISSN:
1743-422X
Subject:
Adenoviridae; Adenoviridae infections; adults; age; epidemiology; feces; gastroenteritis; gender; genes; genetic distance; genetic variation; humans; immunocompromised population; keratoconjunctivitis; people; polymerase chain reaction; regression analysis; rural areas; species diversity; viruses; Central African Republic; Cote d'Ivoire; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Uganda
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Human adenoviruses of species D (HAdV-D) can be associated with acute respiratory illness, epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, and gastroenteritis, but subclinical HAdV-D infections with prolonged shedding have also been observed, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. To expand knowledge on HAdV-D in Sub-Saharan Africa, we investigated the prevalence, epidemiology and pathogenic potentia ...
DOI:
10.1186/1743-422X-11-25
PubMed:
24512686
PubMed Central:
PMC3928611

39. Hyaluronidase, phospholipase A2 and protease inhibitory activity of plants used in traditional treatment of snakebite-induced tissue necrosis in Mali, DR Congo and South Africa

Author:
Marianne Molander; Line Nielsen; Søren Søgaard; Dan Staerk; Nina Rønsted; Drissa Diallo; Kusamba Zacharie Chifundera; Johannes van Staden; Anna K. Jäger
Source:
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2014 v.157 pp. 171-180
ISSN:
0378-8741
Subject:
Bauhinia thonningii; Bitis arietans; Combretum; Grewia mollis; Lannea; Naja; Strychnos; active ingredients; antiserum; bioassays; enzyme inhibition; enzyme inhibitors; ethanol; hyaluronoglucosaminidase; inhibitory concentration 50; mortality; necrosis; patients; phospholipase A2; plant anatomy; polyphenols; proteinases; snake bites; snakes; traditional medicine; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Mali; South Africa
Abstract:
... Snakebite envenomation, every year, causes estimated 5–10,000 mortalities and results in more than 5–15,000 amputations in sub-Saharan Africa alone. Antiserum is not easily accessible in these regions or doctors are simply not available, thus more than 80% of all patients seek traditional practitioners as first-choice. Therefore it is important to investigate whether the plants used in traditional ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.027

40. Identifying hot spots of security vulnerability associated with climate change in Africa

Author:
Joshua W. Busby; Kerry H. Cook; Edward K. Vizy; Todd G. Smith; Mesfin Bekalo
Source:
Climatic change 2014 v.124 no.4 pp. 717-731
ISSN:
0165-0009
Subject:
Sahel; climate change; death; governance; heat stress; population density; rain; rainfed farming; risk; scientists; simulation models; violence; Burkina Faso; Chad; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Ethiopia; Guinea; Mali; Mauritania; Niger; Nigeria; Sierra Leone; Somalia; Sudan
Abstract:
... Given its high dependence on rainfed agriculture and its comparatively low adaptive capacity, Africa is frequently invoked as especially vulnerable to climate change. Within Africa, there is likely to be considerable variation in vulnerability to climate change both between and within countries. This paper seeks to advance the agenda of identifying the hot spots of what we term “climate security” ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10584-014-1142-z

41. Impacts of civil conflict on primary forest habitat in northern Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1990–2010

Author:
Janet Nackoney; Giuseppe Molinario; Peter Potapov; Svetlana Turubanova; Matthew C. Hansen; Takeshi Furuichi
Source:
Biological conservation 2014 v.170 pp. 321-328
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
Landsat; Pan paniscus; algorithms; bushmeat; developing countries; edge effects; environmental degradation; forests; habitats; humans; monitoring; natural resources conservation; politics; remote sensing; wildlife; wildlife poaching; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... War and civil conflict have been shown to contribute directly to increased wildlife poaching and environmental degradation, especially in developing countries. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) suffered heightened political instability that intensified during its first (1996–1997) and second (1998–2003) civil wars. Ground-based observations reported severe impacts on wildlife from increased h ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2013.12.033

42. Lake Tanganyika fisheries frame survey analysis: Assessment of the options for management of the fisheries of Lake Tanganyika

Author:
M. Van der Knaap; K. I. Katonda; G. J. De Graaf
Source:
Aquatic ecosystem health & management 2014 v.17 no.1 pp. 4-13
ISSN:
1539-4077
Subject:
Food and Agriculture Organization; aquacultural and fisheries equipment; case studies; compliance; ecosystems; employment; fish; fisheries; fisheries management; fishermen; fishery resources; infrastructure; inventories; lakes; livelihood; monitoring; nongovernmental organizations; refugees; surveys; water management; Burundi; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Gambia; Lake Tanganyika; Tanzania; Zambia
Abstract:
... From 1999 to 2011 some regions in the Lake Tanganyika Basin experienced humanitarian crises that displaced hundreds of thousands of people to neighboring countries. When relative calm returned to the region in 2008, an influx of displaced peoples and refugees returned to the lake seeking their ancestral fishing grounds. Well-meaning non-governmental organizations and United Nations-organizations d ...
DOI:
10.1080/14634988.2014.882733

43. Lake Tanganyika fisheries in post-conflict Democratic Republic of Congo

Author:
M. Van der Knaap; D. Manara Kamitenga; L. Ngoie Many; A. Esube Tambwe; G. J. De Graaf
Source:
Aquatic ecosystem health & management 2014 v.17 no.1 pp. 34-40
ISSN:
1539-4077
Subject:
Food and Agriculture Organization; coasts; collaborative management; ecosystems; fish; fisheries; fisheries management; fishermen; fishery resources; lakes; littoral zone; surveys; women; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Lake Tanganyika
Abstract:
... Since the first regional lakewide fisheries frame survey on Lake Tanganyika in 1995, no fisheries census was conducted in the Democratic Republic of Congo and therefore the results of the second lakewide frame survey in 2011 should be studied intensively as numerous changes took place in the region in general and along the Congolese coastline in particular. In the capital city, Kinshasa, at a dist ...
DOI:
10.1080/14634988.2014.882722

44. Local Communities Vulnerability to Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies in Bukavu in DR Congo

Author:
Mekou Y. Bele; Denis J. Sonwa; Anne M. Tiani
Source:
Journal of environment & development v.23 no.3 pp. 331-357
ISSN:
1552-5465
Subject:
climate; climate change; economic development; livelihood; poverty; public policy; risk; villages; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... The analysis of vulnerabilities can help answer where and how society can best invest in vulnerability reduction. This study aimed at exploring vulnerability and adaptation strategies to climate change of local communities in Bukavu in DR Congo. Participatory action research was used in six villages from three collectivities around the Kahuzi Biega Park. Results showed that (a) perception of clima ...
DOI:
10.1177/1070496514536395

45. Mycological and aflatoxin contamination of peanuts sold at markets in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Pretoria, South Africa

Author:
Ilunga Kamika; Pamella Mngqawa; John P. Rheeder; Snow L. Teffo; David R. Katerere
Source:
Food additives & contaminants 2014 v.7 no.2 pp. 120-126
ISSN:
1939-3229
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; Food and Agriculture Organization; World Health Organization; aflatoxin B1; aflatoxin B2; aflatoxin G1; aflatoxin G2; cities; food crops; fungi; markets; peanuts; risk; surveys; trade; Democratic Republic of the Congo; South Africa
Abstract:
... Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important food crop in sub-Saharan Africa. In this survey, the mycological and aflatoxin contamination of peanuts collected from Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Pretoria, South Africa, was assessed. Twenty peanut samples were purchased randomly at informal markets in the two cities and analysed for mycoflora and aflatoxins (AFB ₁, AFB ₂, AFG ₁ and AFG ...
DOI:
10.1080/19393210.2013.858187

46. Novitates Gabonenses 81. The identity and geography of Cola cauliflora Mast. (Malvaceae formerly Sterculiaceae) and its substitute for Gabon and the Republic of the Congo.

Author:
Breteler Frans J.
Source:
Adansonia 2014 v.36 no.1 pp. 113-119
ISSN:
1280-8571
Subject:
Malvaceae; flora; geography; lectotypes; Cameroon; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Gabon; Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... While preparing a publication concerning some new Cola Schott & Endl. species for the Gabonese flora, it was discovered that the lectotype of Cola cauliflora Mast. does not fit the treatment of this species for the Flore du Gabon. As a consequence a new Cola species, C. elegans Pierre ex Breteler, sp. nov. is described which replaces Cola cauliflora occurring in Cameroon, neither in Gabon nor in t ...
DOI:
10.5252/a2014n1a10

47. Nutritive value of tropical forage plants fed to pigs in the Western provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Author:
B. Kambashi; P. Picron; C. Boudry; A. Théwis; H. Kiatoko; J. Bindelle
Source:
Animal feed science and technology 2014 v.191 pp. 47-56
ISSN:
0377-8401
Subject:
Acacia mangium; Amaranthus hybridus; Cajanus cajan; Eichhornia crassipes; Leucaena leucocephala; Manihot esculenta; Megathyrsus maximus; Moringa oleifera; Mucuna pruriens; Psophocarpus scandens; Vigna unguiculata; amino acid composition; crude protein; digestible energy; essential amino acids; fermentation; grasses; histidine; hydrolysis; in vitro digestibility; lysine; mineral content; minerals; nutrients; pancreatin; pepsin; production technology; proteins; rearing; short chain fatty acids; swine; swine feeding; tropics; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... The nutritive value of 20 forage plants commonly used for feeding pigs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo was studied to determine chemical composition, protein amino acid profiles, mineral content, and in vitro digestibility using a two-step method combining an enzymatic pepsin and pancreatin hydrolysis followed by a 72h gas-test fermentation. The highest protein contents (270–320g/kg DM) we ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.01.012

48. Petrocephalus boboto and Petrocephalus arnegardi, two new species of African electric fish (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae) from the Congo River basin

Author:
Sébastien Lavoué; John P. Sullivan
Source:
ZooKeys 2014 v.400 pp. 43-65
ISSN:
1313-2970
Subject:
Petrocephalus; fins; fish; head; holotypes; mouth; national parks; new species; rivers; watersheds; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... A specimen of the African weakly electric fish genus Petrocephalus (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae) collected in the Congo River at Yangambi, Orientale Province, Democratic Republic of Congo, is described as a new species. Petrocephalus bobotosp. n. can be distinguished from other Central African species of Petrocephalus by a combination of the following characteristics: three distinct black spots ...
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.400.6743

49. REDD+ Policy Approaches in the Congo Basin: A Comparative Analysis of Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Author:
Kalame Fobissie; Dieudonne Alemagi; Peter A. Minang
Source:
Forests 2014 v.5 no.10 pp. 2400-2424
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
basins; climate; forests; funding; governance; international policy and programs; ownership; politics; private sector; Cameroon; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Republic of the Congo
Abstract:
... The Congo Basin forests are a prime location for implementing REDD+. National REDD+ policy processes are ongoing and many REDD+ pilot initiatives are being demonstrated. However, the level of national engagement, progress and distribution of REDD+ activities varies considerably in the different Congo Basin countries. This study therefore uses a set of criteria to assess national and international ...
DOI:
10.3390/f5102400

50. Satellite-based rainfall data reveal a recent drying trend in central equatorial Africa

Author:
Jeremy E. Diem; Sadie J. Ryan; Joel Hartter; Michael W. Palace
Source:
Climatic change 2014 v.126 no.1-2 pp. 263-272
ISSN:
0165-0009
Subject:
aerosols; autumn; biodiversity; biomass; burning; data collection; dry season; drying; endangered species; food security; growing season; human population; meteorological data; rain; rain forests; satellites; subsistence farming; summer; surface water temperature; Atlantic Ocean; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Indian Ocean; Republic of the Congo; Somalia; Uganda
Abstract:
... West-central Uganda, a biodiversity hotspot on the eastern edge of central equatorial Africa (CEA), is a region coping with balancing food security needs of a rapidly growing human population dependent on subsistence agriculture with the conservation of critically endangered species. Documenting and understanding rainfall trends is thus of critical importance in west-central Uganda, but sparse inf ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10584-014-1217-x