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1. Detection of Horse Meat Contamination in Raw and Heat-Processed Meat Products

Author:
Hsieh, Yun-Hwa P.; Ofori, Jack A.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2014 v.62 no.52 pp. 12536-12544
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
adulterated products; autoclaving; cross reaction; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ethics; ground beef; horse meat; humans; immunoglobulin G; monoclonal antibodies; pork; poultry meat; raw meat; Europe
Abstract:
... Europe’s recent problems with the adulteration of beef products with horse meat highlight the need for a reliable method for detecting horse meat in food for human consumption. The objective of this study was therefore to develop a reliable monoclonal antibody (mAb) based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for horse meat detection. Two mAbs, H3E3 (IgG2b) and H4E7 (IgG2a), were characteriz ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf504032j

2. Sustainable bio kerosene: Process routes and industrial demonstration activities in aviation biofuels

Author:
Chiaramonti, David; Prussi, Matteo; Buffi, Marco; Tacconi, Daniela
Source:
Applied energy 2014 v.136 pp. 767-774
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
European Union; alternative fuels; aviation; biofuels; biomass; carbon dioxide; cooking fats and oils; electricity; energy use and consumption; esterification; feedstocks; fuel production; greenhouse gas emissions; heat treatment; kerosene; operating costs; supply chain; traffic; wastes; Europe
Abstract:
... Alternative fuels are expected to play a major role in EU in the coming years due European Directives on the promotion of renewable energies and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in transports. However, while in road transports a variety of possible renewable fuels (mainly biofuels, but also electricity) can be considered, in aviation only high quality paraffinic biofuels can be adopted. This ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.08.065

3. Maria Bandeira, an elusive Brazilian botanist

Author:
Filgueiras, Tarciso S.; Peixoto, Ariane Luna; Bediaga, Begonha
Source:
Polish Botanical Journal 2014 v.59 no.2 pp. 151-163
ISSN:
2084-4352
Subject:
Angiospermae; botanical gardens; botanists; fungi; lichens; mosses and liverworts; Brazil; Europe; United States
Abstract:
... Maria do Carmo Vaughan Bandeira (1902-1992) is a little-known Brazilian botanist who worked for about ten years at the Botanical Garden in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. She made approximately 800 botanical collections, including mosses (her special interest) but also lichens, fungi and occasionally angiosperms. She studied at La Sorbonne in Paris, corresponded with leading botanists in different fields ...
DOI:
10.2478/pbj-2014-0040

4. Associations between macronutrient intake and serum lipid profile depend on body fat in European adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study

Author:
Bel-Serrat, Silvia; Mouratidou, Theodora; Huybrechts, Inge; Labayen, Idoia; Cuenca-García, Magdalena; Palacios, Gonzalo; Breidenassel, Christina; Molnár, Dénes; Roccaldo, Romana; Widhalm, Kurt; Gottrand, Frederic; Kafatos, Anthony; Manios, Yannis; Vyncke, Krishna; Sjöström, Michael; Libuda, Lars; Gómez-Martínez, Sonia; Moreno, Luis A.; ,
Source:
The British journal of nutrition 2014 v.112 no.12 pp. 2049-2059
ISSN:
1475-2662
Subject:
adiposity; adolescence; adolescents; blood lipids; boys; carbohydrate intake; cities; cross-sectional studies; diet recall; education; fat body; fat intake; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; lifestyle; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; nutritional adequacy; physical activity; risk; waist circumference; Europe
Abstract:
... The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between macronutrient intake and serum lipid profile in adolescents from eight European cities participating in the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) cross-sectional study (2006–7), and to assess the role of body fat-related variables in these associations. Weight, height, waist circumference, skinfold thicknes ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114514003183
PubMed:
25366323

5. Composition of the genus Hanleya (Mollusca: Polyplacophora: Lepidopleurida), with the description of two new species

Author:
Sirenko, Boris
Source:
Journal of natural history 2014 v.48 no.45-48 pp. 2913-2945
ISSN:
1464-5262
Subject:
Polyplacophora; coastal water; littoral zone; new species; phylogeny; Africa; Atlantic Ocean; Barents Sea; Brazil; Europe; North America
Abstract:
... An evaluation of all species of the genus Hanleya showed that they only inhabit the Atlantic Ocean, occurring from off Brazil (25°44′S) to the Barents Sea (74°27′N). The majority of records refer to H. nagelfar which ranges from 9°03′8′′N to 74°27′N in coastal waters of North America, Europe and Africa. There are six Recent species of Hanleya : H. tropicalis Dall, 1881, H. brachyplax Jardim and Si ...
DOI:
10.1080/00222933.2014.963722

6. Emerging pollutants in the Esmeraldas watershed in Ecuador: discharge and attenuation of emerging organic pollutants along the San Pedro–Guayllabamba–Esmeraldas rivers

Author:
Voloshenko-Rossin, A.; Gasser, G.; Cohen, K.; Gun, J.; Cumbal-Flores, L.; Parra-Morales, W.; Sarabia, F.; Ojeda, F.; Lev, O.
Source:
Environmental science 2014 v.17 no.1 pp. 41-53
ISSN:
2050-7895
Subject:
acesulfame potassium; adverse effects; caffeine; cocaine; drinking water; drugs; estrogens; filtration; metabolites; monitoring; plantations; pollutants; rivers; streams; sulfamethoxazole; summer; trees; wastewater; water pollution; water quality; watersheds; Andes region; Ecuador; Europe; Israel; North America; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... Water quality characteristics and emerging organic pollutants were sampled along the San Pedro–Guayllabamba–Esmeraldas River and its main water pollution streams in the summer of 2013. The annual flow rate of the stream is 22 000 Mm³ y⁻¹ and it collects the wastewater of Quito-Ecuador in the Andes and supplies drinking water to the city of Esmeraldas near the Pacific Ocean. The most persistent eme ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4em00394b

7. Do Current European Policies Prevent Soil Threats and Support Soil Functions?

Author:
Glæsner, Nadia; Helming, Katharina; de Vries, Wim
Source:
Sustainability 2014 v.6 no.12 pp. 9538-9563
ISSN:
2071-1050
Subject:
European Union; biodiversity; issues and policy; laws and regulations; organic matter; soil; soil conservation; soil resources; soil surface sealing; Europe
Abstract:
... There is currently no legislation at the European level that focuses exclusively on soil conservation. A cross-policy analysis was carried out to identify gaps and overlaps in existing EU legislation that is related to soil threats and functions. We found that three soil threats, namely compaction, salinization and soil sealing, were not addressed in any of the 19 legislative policies that were an ...
DOI:
10.3390/su6129538

8. Influence of soil temperature on growth traits of European beech seedlings

Author:
Štraus, Ines; Mrak, Tanja; Ferlan, Mitja; Železnik, Peter; Kraigher, Hojka
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2014 v.45 no.3 pp. 246-251
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; aerial parts; biomass; carbon cycle; climate change; forest trees; forests; growth traits; leaf area; leaves; root shoot ratio; roots; seedlings; shoots; soil temperature; soil water; summer; Europe
Abstract:
... European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is an economically and ecologically important forest tree species in Europe. Expected future temperature increases due to global climate change may significantly affect growth of beech trees and consequently influence carbon cycling in beech forests. We tested the hypothesis that soil temperature influences the growth of both belowground and aboveground parts of ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjfr-2014-0332

9. Recovery of large carnivores in Europe’s modern human-dominated landscapes

Author:
Chapron, Guillaume; Kaczensky, Petra; Linnell, John D. C.; von Arx, Manuela; Huber, Djuro; Andrén, Henrik; López-Bao, José Vicente; Adamec, Michal; Álvares, Francisco; Anders, Ole; Balčiauskas, Linas; Balys, Vaidas; Bedő, Péter; Bego, Ferdinand; Blanco, Juan Carlos; Breitenmoser, Urs; Brøseth, Henrik; Bufka, Luděk; Bunikyte, Raimonda; Ciucci, Paolo; Dutsov, Alexander; Engleder, Thomas; Fuxjäger, Christian; Groff, Claudio; Holmala, Katja; Hoxha, Bledi; Iliopoulos, Yorgos; Ionescu, Ovidiu; Jeremić, Jasna; Jerina, Klemen; Kluth, Gesa; Knauer, Felix; Kojola, Ilpo; Kos, Ivan; Krofel, Miha; Kubala, Jakub; Kunovac, Saša; Kusak, Josip; Kutal, Miroslav; Liberg, Olof; Majić, Aleksandra; Männil, Peep; Manz, Ralph; Marboutin, Eric; Marucco, Francesca; Melovski, Dime; Mersini, Kujtim; Mertzanis, Yorgos; Mysłajek, Robert W.; Nowak, Sabina; Odden, John; Ozolins, Janis; Palomero, Guillermo; Paunović, Milan; Persson, Jens; Potočnik, Hubert; Quenette, Pierre-Yves; Rauer, Georg; Reinhardt, Ilka; Rigg, Robin; Ryser, Andreas; Salvatori, Valeria; Skrbinšek, Tomaž; Stojanov, Aleksandar; Swenson, Jon E.; Szemethy, László; Trajçe, Aleksandër; Tsingarska-Sedefcheva, Elena; Váňa, Martin; Veeroja, Rauno; Wabakken, Petter; Wölfl, Manfred; Wölfl, Sybille; Zimmermann, Fridolin; Zlatanova, Diana; Boitani, Luigi
Source:
Science 2014 v.346 no.6216 pp. 1517-1519
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
Canis lupus; Gulo; Lynx lynx; Ursus arctos; biodiversity; carnivores; data collection; hosts; laws and regulations; people; public opinion; wolves; Europe
Abstract:
... The conservation of large carnivores is a formidable challenge for biodiversity conservation. Using a data set on the past and current status of brown bears ( Ursus arctos ), Eurasian lynx ( Lynx lynx ), gray wolves ( Canis lupus ), and wolverines ( Gulo gulo ) in European countries, we show that roughly one-third of mainland Europe hosts at least one large carnivore species, with stable or increa ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1257553

10. Anti-quorum sensing activity of selected sponge extracts: a case study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Author:
Pejin, Boris; Talevska, Aleksandra; Ciric, Ana; Glamoclija, Jasmina; Nikolic, Milos; Talevski, Trajce; Sokovic, Marina
Source:
Natural product research 2014 v.28 no.24 pp. 2330-2333
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa; acetone; ampicillin; anti-infective properties; bacteria; biofilm; case studies; flagellum; lakes; methanol; pyocyanin; Europe
Abstract:
... The anti-quorum sensing activities towards the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 (pyocyanin production, biofilm formation and twitching and flagella motility) of two crude extracts (methanol and acetone) of the freshwater sponge Ochridaspongia rotunda (Arndt, 1937) were evaluated in vitro for the first time. Both extracts demonstrated P. aeruginosa pyocyanin inhibitory activity, reducing its p ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2014.934239

11. The origin and early evolution of metatherian mammals: the Cretaceous record

Author:
Williamson, Thomas E.; Brusatte, Stephen L.; Wilson, Gregory P.
Source:
ZooKeys 2014 v.465 pp. 1-76
ISSN:
1313-2970
Subject:
Early Cretaceous epoch; Late Cretaceous epoch; Late Jurassic epoch; Metatheria; biogeography; extinction; fauna; fossils; lactation; mammals; phylogeny; Asia; Europe; North America
Abstract:
... Metatherians, which comprise marsupials and their closest fossil relatives, were one of the most dominant clades of mammals during the Cretaceous and are the most diverse clade of living mammals after Placentalia. Our understanding of this group has increased greatly over the past 20 years, with the discovery of new specimens and the application of new analytical tools. Here we provide a review of ...
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.465.8178

12. Opportunity for Offshore Wind to Reduce Future Demand for Coal-Fired Power Plants in China with Consequent Savings in Emissions of CO2

Author:
Lu, Xi; McElroy, Michael B.; Chen, Xinyu; Kang, Chongqing
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.24 pp. 14764-14771
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
carbon dioxide; coal; credit; electric energy consumption; electric power; electricity; greenhouse gas emissions; models; planning; power plants; river deltas; wind; wind power; China; Europe; United States; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... Although capacity credits for wind power have been embodied in power systems in the U.S. and Europe, the current planning framework for electricity in China continues to treat wind power as a nondispatchable source with zero contribution to firm capacity. This study adopts a rigorous reliability model for the electric power system evaluating capacity credits that should be recognized for offshore ...
DOI:
10.1021/es503767x

13. A simple centrifugation method for improving the detection of Ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) in natural seawater samples with an assessment of the potential for particulate attachment

Author:
Evans, O.; Paul-Pont, I.; Hick, P.; Whittington, R.J.
Source:
Journal of virological methods 2014 v.210 pp. 59-66
ISSN:
0166-0934
Subject:
Crassostrea gigas; DNA; centrifugation; filters; filtration; financial economics; mortality; oysters; protein binding; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; seawater; viruses; Australia; Europe; New Zealand; United States
Abstract:
... Ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) is responsible for massive mortality events in commercially farmed Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in Australia, New Zealand, Europe and the USA. Economic losses have been severe in many countries since 2008, associated with a strain known as OsHV-1μ-var. Despite intensive studies of the virus itself, there is almost no information on its detection in natural sea ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.09.023

14. DNA analyses of wild boar remains from archaeological sites in Guangxi, China

Author:
Hou, Xin-Dong; Sheng, Gui-Lian; Yin, Shuai; Zhu, Min; Du, Ming; Jin, Chang-Zhu; Lai, Xu-Long
Source:
Quaternary international 2014 v.354 pp. 147-153
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
DNA; archaeology; caves; domestication; fossils; genetic similarity; humans; nucleotide sequences; phylogeny; sequence homology; swine; wild boars; China; Europe
Abstract:
... The shift from hunting and gathering to farming is one of the most important transitions in human history. Pig domestication has long been an issue of interest in archaeology and genetics. As the real-time carrier of the genetic information for dead or extinct animals, ancient DNA provides continuous molecular evidence for tracing the history of domestication. We collected 30 Late Pleistocene wild ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2014.02.027

15. Dynamics of spruce bark beetle infestation spots: Importance of local population size and landscape characteristics after a storm disturbance

Author:
Kärvemo, Simon; Rogell, Björn; Schroeder, Martin
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2014 v.334 pp. 232-240
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
reproductive success; beetle infestations; forest trees; bark beetles; landscapes; tree mortality; breeding; models; Picea abies; storms; summer; population size; stand basal area; Ips typographus; prediction; forests; Europe
Abstract:
... The European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) is one of the most important pests of mature Norway spruce in Europe. Outbreaks are often triggered by large-scale storm disturbances, which provide the beetles with a large surplus of suitable breeding material in the form of wind-felled spruces in storm gaps. Due to high reproductive success in storm-felled trees beetle populations may become ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2014.09.011

16. Energy and environmental impacts of energy related products (ErP): a case study of biomass-fuelled systems

Author:
Cellura, Maurizio; La Rocca, Vincenzo; Longo, Sonia; Mistretta, Marina
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2014 v.85 pp. 359-370
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
biomass; boilers; case studies; design for environment; electricity; environmental impact; environmental performance; fuels; heat; issues and policy; life cycle assessment; market share; primary energy; sales; Europe
Abstract:
... Energy-related Products (ErP) account for a large proportion of European energy and natural resource consumption. In 2007, ErP were responsible for the consumption of about 239 Mtoe of electricity and about 555 Mtoe of fuels.In order to reduce the energy and environmental impacts of these products, the European Commission published the Directive 2009/125/EC on the eco-design of ErP. This Directive ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.12.059

17. Inhibitory effects of polyphenols from water chestnut (Trapa japonica) husk on glycolytic enzymes and postprandial blood glucose elevation in mice

Author:
Yasuda, Midori; Yasutake, Kenichiro; Hino, Madoka; Ohwatari, Hitomi; Ohmagari, Nozomi; Takedomi, Kazumi; Tanaka, Takashi; Nonaka, Gen-ichiro
Source:
Food chemistry 2014 v.165 pp. 42-49
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
Trapa; active ingredients; alpha-amylase; alpha-glucosidase; aquatic plants; blood glucose; glycolysis; herbal medicines; hulls; insulin; mice; polyphenols; Asia; Europe
Abstract:
... Water chestnut is an annual aquatic plant that grows in Asia and Europe. Although water chestnut has been used as food and herbal medicine, its physiological functions and active ingredients are unknown. Here, we extracted polyphenols from the husk of the Japanese water chestnut (Trapa japonica) and assessed their effects on blood glucose levels. Three hydrolysable polyphenolics (WCPs), eugeniin, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.083

18. Laser ablation U-series analysis of fossil bones and teeth

Author:
Grün, Rainer; Eggins, Stephen; Kinsley, Leslie; Moseley, Hannah; Sambridge, Malcolm
Source:
Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology 2014 v.416 pp. 150-167
ISSN:
0031-0182
Subject:
bones; data collection; drilling; fossils; humans; isotopes; mass spectrometry; models; teeth; uranium; Europe; South East Asia
Abstract:
... Over the past decade, we have applied laser ablation ICP mass spectrometry U-series analysis to a large number of bones and teeth. The method is fast and provides high-resolution data of U-series isotopes, which give insights into the complexity of uranium migration into, within and out of bones. In this paper, we present our laser ablation approach in detail, from the experimental set up, to data ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.07.023

19. New data on Leptobos crassus (Artiodactyla, Bovidae) from Renzidong Cave, Early Pleistocene (Nihewanian) of Anhui, China, and an overview of the genus

Author:
Mead, Jim I.; Jin, Changzhu; Wei, Guangbiao; Sun, Chengkai; Wang, Yuan; Swift, Sandra L.; Zheng, Longting
Source:
Quaternary international 2014 v.354 pp. 139-146
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
Bovidae; Pliocene epoch; cattle; environmental degradation; grasslands; grazing; habitats; latitude; China; Eurasia; Europe; Southern European region
Abstract:
... Leptobos (Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Bovini) was a bovine occupying mid-latitudes of Europe east through to eastern China. A number of species of Leptobos are described with the greatest number occupying southern Europe. Here we report on Leptobos crassus, from Renzidong Cave, Anhui, China, and its relation to other species. There is an established variation in size amongst the various species, with L ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2014.02.019

20. Valuing collections

Author:
Kress, W. John
Source:
Science 2014 v.346 no.6215 pp. 1310
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
birds; Europe; North America
Abstract:
... This year brought dismal news about the world's birds: They are vanishing at an alarming rate. Across 25 European countries, about 420 million fewer birds are present today than in 1980, a 20% decrease, especially in the 36 most common species. In North America, The State of the Birds Report 2014 indicates that over the past 40 years, the numbers of individuals across 33 species are also down by h ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.aaa4115

21. Development of chill unit calculation for peach 'Jade' fruit trees grown in Northern Thailand

Author:
Kamyun, N.; Pichakum, A.; Bunwong, K.; Tiensuwan, M.; Moore, E. J.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2014 no.1059 pp. 147-154
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Prunus persica; air temperature; climatic factors; cold treatment; cultivars; dormancy; flowering; flowers; fruit trees; models; peaches; prediction; reforestation; temperate zones; time series analysis; tropics; Europe; North Carolina; Thailand
Abstract:
... Temperate fruit trees were introduced for opium substitution and reforestation in northern Thailand more than 40 years ago. Various cultivars have shown good adaptability with an annual life cycle similar to those growing in temperate areas. For good cultural management and logistics, the time of dormancy releasing should be predicted. In North America and Europe, the time of dormancy releasing is ...

22. New rootstock cultivars for peach influence growth, yield and fruit quality

Author:
Reighard, G. L.; Ouellette, D.; Rauh, B.; Bridges, W. Jr.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2014 no.1058 pp. 517-522
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
total soluble solids; plums; trees; parentage; hybrids; vigor; phenology; fruit quality; planting; fruit yield; climate; brix; cultivars; Prunus; soil; rootstocks; dwarfing; peaches; fruit maturity; pH; California; South Carolina; Europe; South America
Abstract:
... Prunus interspecific hybrids and plum species have replaced P. persica as the preferred rootstock for peach in Europe and some regions of North and South America. However, compatibility, growth, and yield of these new rootstocks have yet to be assessed with many peach cultivars. ‘Redhaven’ peach was grafted to 24 rootstocks represented in 2 replicated trials near Clemson, South Carolina. These ...

23. Zebra net, titanium net, transparent net and new grey hail net ¿ the new generation of hail nets: large mesh size, stronger fibers and large portion of crystalline translucent fibers improve light transmission and durability

Author:
Blanke, M. M.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2014 no.1058 pp. 321-326
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
color; durability; equipment design; fruit growing; hail; nets (equipment); photosynthetically active radiation; titanium; trees; Europe
Abstract:
... The first generation of black hail nets provided insufficient light transmission (ca. 80% PAR), which led to reduced fruit colouration in the fruit growing regions along 50°N similar to the second generation of coloured hail nets. Hail nets in Europe typically comprise two interwoven longitudinal fibers (parallel to the tree row) and a single transverse fiber (perpendicular to the tree row); fibe ...

24. Efficiency of European Dairy Processing Firms

Author:
Soboh, Rafat A.M.E.; Lansink, Alfons Oude; Van Dijk, Gert
Source:
Netherlands journal of agricultural science 2014 v.70-71 pp. 53-59
ISSN:
1573-5214
Subject:
dairy cooperatives; databases; markets; models; production technology; Europe
Abstract:
... This paper compares the technical efficiency and production frontier of dairy processing cooperatives and investor owned firms in six major dairy producing European countries. Two parametric production frontiers are estimated, i.e. for cooperatives and investor owned firms separately, which are used to evaluate the intra- and inter-type technical efficiency of each firm. The models are estimated u ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.njas.2014.05.003

25. Roadmap for the establishment of a European vaccine R&D infrastructure

Author:
Leroy, Odile; Geels, Mark; Korejwo, Joanna; Dodet, Betty; Imbault, Nathalie; Jungbluth, Stefan
Source:
Vaccine 2014 v.32 no.51 pp. 7021-7024
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
European Union; business planning; health services; income; infectious diseases; infrastructure; politics; private sector; research and development; stakeholders; vaccine development; vaccines; Europe
Abstract:
... To consolidate the integration of the fragmented European vaccine development landscape, TRANSVAC – the European Network of Vaccine Research and Development, funded by the European Commission (EC) – has initiated the development of a roadmap through a process of stakeholder consultation. The outcome of this consultation highlighted the need for transnational cooperation and the opportunities that ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.014

26. Arsenic: bioaccessibility from seaweed and rice, dietary exposure calculations and risk assessment

Author:
Brandon, Esther F.A.; Janssen, Paul J.C.M.; de Wit-Bos, Lianne
Source:
Food additives & contaminants 2014 v.31 no.12 pp. 1993-2003
ISSN:
1944-0057
Subject:
Codex Alimentarius; European Union; arsenic; bioavailability; carcinogens; dietary exposure; drinking water; food intake; foods; in vitro digestion; macroalgae; rice; risk; risk assessment; Europe
Abstract:
... Arsenic is a metalloid that occurs in food and the environment in different chemical forms. Inorganic arsenic is classified as a class I carcinogen. The inorganic arsenic intake from food and drinking water varies depending on the geographic arsenic background. Non-dietary exposure to arsenic is likely to be of minor importance for the general population within the European Union. In Europe, arsen ...
DOI:
10.1080/19440049.2014.974687

27. Longitudinal Changes in Lactoferrin Concentrations in Human Milk: A Global Systematic Review*,†

Author:
Rai, Deshanie; Adelman, Alicia S.; Zhuang, Weihong; Rai, Gyan P.; Boettcher, Julia; Lönnerdal, Bo
Source:
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 2014 v.54 no.12 pp. 1539-1547
ISSN:
1549-7852
Subject:
anti-infective properties; breast milk; data collection; early lactation; human milk proteins; lactoferrin; milk; nutrition science; whey protein; women; Europe; South Africa; South America
Abstract:
... Lactoferrin is the second most abundant whey protein in human milk and is known for its functional benefits, particularly antimicrobial activities. We report a comprehensive evaluation of the published literature on quantitative changes in lactoferrin in term and preterm human milk through the course of lactation. We also considered methods used to quantify lactoferrin. We critically evaluated 94 ...
DOI:
10.1080/10408398.2011.642422

28. Regulation of traditional herbal medicinal products in Japan

Author:
Maegawa, Hikoichiro; Nakamura, Takatoshi; Saito, Kazuyuki
Source:
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2014 v.158 pp. 511-515
ISSN:
0378-8741
Subject:
Oriental traditional medicine; ethics; guidelines; health insurance; health services; herbal medicines; laws and regulations; Europe; Japan
Abstract:
... Kampo medicines are the main traditional herbal medicines in Japan and are classified as pharmaceuticals. They are based on ancient Chinese medicine and have evolved to the Japanese original style over a long period of time. Ethical Kampo formulations are prescribed in general practice by physician under the National Health Insurance reimbursement system. Over-the-counter (OTC) Kampo formulations ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.012

29. Traditional herbal medicines worldwide, from reappraisal to assessment in Europe

Author:
van Galen, Emiel
Source:
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2014 v.158 pp. 498-502
ISSN:
0378-8741
Subject:
European Union; World Health Organization; herbal medicines; traditional medicine; Europe
Abstract:
... Since 2004 the regulatory framework within the European Union has a specific assessment procedure for herbal medicinal products, with a medicinal use based on traditional practice. The main requirement concerning the traditional use is focussed on the period of time for medical use: at least 30 years, including 15 years in the EU. In addition to requirements for quality and safety, an evaluation o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.013

30. TradReg 2013: Regulation of herbal and traditional medicinal products – European and global strategies – International symposium

Author:
Cranz, Hubertus; Anquez-Traxler, Christelle
Source:
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2014 v.158 pp. 495-497
ISSN:
0378-8741
Subject:
European Union; herbal medicines; laws and regulations; phytotherapy; traditional medicine; Europe
Abstract:
... Plants have always been an important source of treatment. The important contribution of phytotherapy became particularly recognised through European Directive 2004/24/EC (Directive 2004/24/EC, 2004), which set up a new Committee dedicated to herbal medicinal products at the European Medicines Agency (EMA). In addition, it created a new status for traditional herbal medicinal products by making pos ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.037

31. Atmospheric sulfur hexafluoride in-situ measurements at the Shangdianzi regional background station in China

Author:
Yao, Bo; Zhou, Lingxi; Xia, Lingjun; Zhang, Gen; Guo, Lifeng; Liu, Zhao; Fang, Shuangxi
Source:
Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014 v.26 pp. 2451-2458
ISSN:
1001-0742
Subject:
autumn; gas chromatography; gases; greenhouse gases; latitude; mass spectrometry; mixing; seasonal variation; sulfur hexafluoride; wind; China; Europe; Trinidad and Tobago
Abstract:
... We present in-situ measurements of atmospheric sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) conducted by an automated gas chromatograph–electron capture detector system and a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry system at a regional background site, Shangdianzi, in China, from June 2009 to May 2011, using the System for Observation of Greenhouse gases in Europe and Asia and Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experime ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jes.2014.03.004

32. Developing a National Food Defense Guideline Based on a Vulnerability Assessment of Intentional Food Contamination in Japanese Food Factories Using the CARVER+Shock Vulnerability Assessment Tool

Author:
Kanagawa, Yoshiyuki; Akahane, Manabu; Hasegawa, Atsushi; Yamaguchi, Kentaro; Onitake, Kazuo; Takaya, Satoshi; Yamamoto, Shigeki; Imamura, Tomoaki
Source:
Foodborne pathogens & disease 2014 v.11 no.12 pp. 953-959
ISSN:
1556-7125
Subject:
World Health Organization; business enterprises; food defense; food industry; food research; foodborne illness; guidelines; issues and policy; Europe; Japan; New York
Abstract:
... The awareness of food terrorism has increased following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in New York City, United States, and many measures and policies dealing with this issue have been established worldwide. Suspected deliberate food-poisoning crimes have occurred in Japan, although they are not regarded as acts of food terrorism. One area of concern is that the small- to medium-sized co ...
DOI:
10.1089/fpd.2014.1767

33. Environmental costs and renewable energy: Re-visiting the Environmental Kuznets Curve

Author:
López-Menéndez, Ana Jesús; Pérez, Rigoberto; Moreno, Blanca
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2014 v.145 pp. 368-373
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
European Union; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; data collection; economic costs; economic impact; energy efficiency; energy policy; environmental protection; greenhouse gas emissions; renewable energy sources; Europe
Abstract:
... The environmental costs of economic development have received increasing attention during the last years. According to the World Energy Outlook (2013) sustainable energy policies should be promoted in order to spur economic growth and environmental protection in a global context, particularly in terms of reducing greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change.Within this framework, the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.07.017

34. KLP+ (“hat”) trap with semiochemical lures suitable for trapping two <i>Diabrotica</i> spp. exotic to Europe

Author:
Tóth, M.; Viana, P. A.; Vilela, E.; Domingue, M. J.; Baker, T. C.; Vuts, J.
Source:
Acta phytopathologica et entomologica Hungarica 2014 v.49 no.2 pp. 211-221
ISSN:
0238-1249
Subject:
Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; Euxesta; active ingredients; bait traps; benzaldehyde; corn; dispensers; eugenol; females; introduced species; males; phenylethyl alcohol; pheromones; polyethylene; population density; screening; styles (flowers); synergism; trapping; Brazil; Europe
Abstract:
... The KLP+ (“hat”) trap baited with pheromone or floral lures is a highly efficient non-sticky trap for the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica v. virgifera. We tested the suitability of this trap design for the related species, D. speciosa and D. barberi, baited with their respective lures. Both species are exotic to Europe: the former inhabits South America, and the latter occur ...
DOI:
10.1556/APhyt.49.2014.2.7

35. Revisiting the ‘how’ of corporate social responsibility in extractive industries and forestry

Author:
Ranängen, Helena; Zobel, Thomas
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2014 v.84 pp. 299-312
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
business enterprises; community service; corporate social responsibility; field experimentation; forest industries; forestry; mining; oils; Africa; Europe; Pacific Ocean Islands; South America
Abstract:
... Extractive industries such as mining and oil, as well as the forestry industry, are in the forefront concerning Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The research body concerning CSR in these industries is substantial. The purpose of this study is to review the part of the research in this field that primarily focuses on the ‘how’ issues of CSR in order to provide valuable information concerning ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.02.020

36. Advances in European sea bass genomics and future perspectives

Author:
Louro, Bruno; Power, Deborah M.; Canario, Adelino V.M.
Source:
Marine genomics 2014 v.18 pp. 71-75
ISSN:
1874-7787
Subject:
Dicentrarchus labrax; aquaculture; chromosome mapping; fish; fish industry; genome; genome assembly; genomics; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; marker-assisted selection; quantitative trait loci; Europe
Abstract:
... Only recently available sequenced and annotated teleost fish genomes were restricted to a few model species, none of which were for aquaculture. The application of marker assisted selection for improved production traits had been largely restricted to the salmon industry and genetic and Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) maps were available for only a few species. With the advent of next generation seq ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.margen.2014.06.010

37. Air quality status and trends in Europe

Author:
Guerreiro, Cristina B.B.; Foltescu, Valentin; de Leeuw, Frank
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2014 v.98 pp. 376-384
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
European Union; air; air pollution; air quality; atmospheric chemistry; ecosystems; emissions; pollutants; urban population; Europe
Abstract:
... This paper presents an overview and analysis of air quality in Europe from 2002 to 2011. It reviews progress towards meeting the requirements of the EU air quality directives, as well as the development of European air pollutant emissions over the last decade. An overview of the latest findings and estimates of the exposure of urban population and ecosystems to air pollution in Europe is also give ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.017

38. A more cost-effective geomatic approach to modelling PM10 dispersion across Europe

Author:
Diaz-de-Quijano, Maria; Joly, Daniel; Gilbert, Daniel; Bernard, Nadine
Source:
Applied geography 2014 v.55 pp. 108-116
ISSN:
0143-6228
Subject:
European Union; air pollution; air quality; cities; cost effectiveness; data collection; ecosystems; emissions; geography; industry; land cover; models; monitoring; particulates; physics; roads; Europe
Abstract:
... PM10 concentrations in most major European cities exceed the limits set by the European Directive and are expected to continue to do so in the coming years. Moreover, PM10s can be transported over long distances impacting air quality, public health and ecosystem functionality far from their sources of emission. Modelling remains one of the only options for tracking PM10 deposition in remote areas ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.09.002

39. A PBPK model to estimate PCDD/F levels in adipose tissue: Comparison with experimental values of residents near a hazardous waste incinerator

Author:
Schuhmacher, Marta; Fàbrega, Francesc; Kumar, Vikas; García, Francisco; Nadal, Martí; Domingo, José L.
Source:
Environment international 2014 v.73 pp. 150-157
ISSN:
0160-4120
Subject:
absorbed dose; adipose tissue; breast milk; food intake; gender; hazardous waste; incinerators; lipid content; models; pharmacokinetics; polychlorinated dibenzodioxins; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; surveys; Europe
Abstract:
... This study was aimed at determining the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in 15 samples of adipose tissue from subjects who had been living in the vicinity of a hazardous waste incinerator (HWI). The results were compared with levels obtained in previous surveys carried out in 1998 (baseline study), 2002 and 2007. The current (2013) con ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envint.2014.07.020

40. A practice based approach to forest governance

Author:
Arts, Bas; Behagel, Jelle; Turnhout, Esther; de Koning, Jessica; van Bommel, Séverine
Source:
Forest policy and economics 2014 v.49 pp. 4-11
ISSN:
1389-9341
Subject:
biodiversity; data collection; forest management; forests; governance; humans; models; trees; Bolivia; Europe; India
Abstract:
... ‘Forest governance’ refers to new modes of regulation in the forest sector, such as decentralized, community-based and market-oriented policy instruments and management approaches. Its main theoretical basis consists of two mainstream models: rational choice and neo-institutionalism. Since these models rest upon problematic conceptualisations of ‘the social’, this paper proposes a so-called ‘pract ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forpol.2014.04.001

41. Assessing heavy metal exposure in Renaissance Europe using synchrotron microbeam techniques

Author:
Lanzirotti, Antonio; Bianucci, Raffaella; LeGeros, Racquel; Bromage, Timothy G.; Giuffra, Valentina; Ferroglio, Ezio; Fornaciari, Gino; Appenzeller, Otto
Source:
Journal of archaeological science 2014 v.52 pp. 204-217
ISSN:
0305-4403
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; archaeology; chemical analysis; heavy metals; lead; mercury; tomography; Europe
Abstract:
... A number of archaeological studies have used chemical analysis of preserved, human biological tissues to assess the potential exposure of historic figures and ancient populations to heavy metals. Accurately assessing historic levels of heavy-metal body burden for these individuals based on analysis of remnant soft-tissue, hair and bone collected from preserved human remains is often complicated by ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jas.2014.08.019

42. Attitude towards the incorporation of the selective collection of biowaste in a municipal solid waste management system. A case study

Author:
Bernad-Beltrán, D.; Simó, A.; Bovea, M.D.
Source:
Waste management 2014 v.34 pp. 2434-2444
ISSN:
0956-053X
Subject:
bags; case studies; education; gender; households; income; laws and regulations; linear models; municipal solid waste; regression analysis; socioeconomic factors; waste management; willingness to pay; Europe
Abstract:
... European waste legislation has been encouraging for years the incorporation of selective collection systems for the biowaste fraction. European countries are therefore incorporating it into their current municipal solid waste management (MSWM) systems. However, this incorporation involves changes in the current waste management habits of households. In this paper, the attitude of the public toward ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2014.08.023

43. Biotic stresses in the anthropogenic hybrid triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack): current knowledge and breeding challenges

Author:
Audenaert, Kris; Troch, Veronique; Landschoot, Sofie; Haesaert, Geert
Source:
European journal of plant pathology 2014 v.140 no.4 pp. 615-630
ISSN:
0929-1873
Subject:
Fusarium; Fusarium head blight; Secale; Triticum; biotic stress; crops; disease incidence; disease resistance; fungi; genetic background; host range; hybrids; introgression; low input agriculture; models; mutation; new variety; pathogens; plant breeding; powdery mildew; rust diseases; rye; triticale; virulence; wheat; Europe
Abstract:
... Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) is the intergeneric hybrid derived by crossing wheat (Triticum spp.) and rye (Secale spp.). Consequently, the same spectrum of fungal diseases occurring on the parent crops can impede optimal triticale production. With the expansion of the triticale growing area, the scientific interest into these fungal pathogens has gained momentum. This review considers the m ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10658-014-0498-2

44. Can further mitigation of ammonia emissions reduce exceedances of particulate matter air quality standards?

Author:
Bessagnet, Bertrand; Beauchamp, Maxime; Guerreiro, Cristina; de Leeuw, Frank; Tsyro, Svetlana; Colette, Augustin; Meleux, Frédérik; Rouïl, Laurence; Ruyssenaars, Paul; Sauter, Ferd; Velders, Guus J.M.; Foltescu, Valentin L.; van Aardenne, John
Source:
Environmental Science and Policy 2014 v.44 pp. 149-163
ISSN:
1462-9011
Subject:
European Union; air quality; ammonia; compliance; fertilizers; human health; manure storage; meteorology; models; particulates; Europe
Abstract:
... Several studies point out the importance of agricultural emissions to particulate matter (PM) concentrations, and particularly of NH3 emissions to PM2.5. Our study used three different chemical transport models (CHIMERE, EMEP and LOTOS-EUROS) to quantify the reductions of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations due to reductions of NH3 emissions beyond the Gothenburg Protocol (GP), as well as due to the GP ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envsci.2014.07.011

45. Can satellite-derived aerosol optical depth quantify the surface aerosol radiative forcing?

Author:
Xu, Hui; Ceamanos, Xavier; Roujean, Jean-Louis; Carrer, Dominique; Xue, Yong
Source:
Atmospheric research 2014 v.150 pp. 151-167
ISSN:
0169-8095
Subject:
aerosols; climate; governmental programs and projects; radiative forcing; remote sensing; satellites; Africa; Europe
Abstract:
... Aerosols play an important role in the climate of the Earth through aerosol radiative forcing (ARF). Nowadays, aerosol particles are detected, quantified and monitored by remote sensing techniques using low Earth orbit (LEO) and geostationary (GEO) satellites. In the present article, the use of satellite-derived AOD (aerosol optical depth) products is investigated in order to quantify on a daily b ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.07.008

46. Case 3664 Tipula contaminata Linnaeus, 1758 (currently Ptychoptera contaminata; Insecta, Diptera): proposed conservation of prevailing usage through designation of a neotype

Author:
Fasbender, Andrew; Courtney, Gregory W.
Source:
Bulletin of zoological nomenclature 2014 v.71 no.4 pp. 237-243
ISSN:
0007-5167
Subject:
Ptychopteridae; Tipula; animal taxonomy; biological nomenclature; holotypes; neotypes; Europe
Abstract:
... The purpose of this application, under Article 75.6 of the Code, is to conserve the universal usage of Tipula contaminata Linnaeus, 1758 by setting aside all previous type fixations and designating a neotype. Tipula contaminata is the type species of the genus Ptychoptera Meigen, 1803, itself the type genus of the family ptychopteridae Osten Sacken, 1862. This species is found over much of Europe, ...
DOI:
10.21805/bzn.v71i4.a14

47. Changes in foliar carbon isotope composition and seasonal stomatal conductance reveal adaptive traits in Mediterranean coppices affected by drought

Author:
Matteo, Giovanni Di; Perini, Luigi; Atzori, Paolo; Angelis, Paolo De; Mei, Tiziano; Bertini, Giada; Fabbio, Gianfranco; Mugnozza, Giuseppe Scarascia
Source:
Journal of forestry research 2014 v.25 no.4 pp. 839-845
ISSN:
1007-662X
Subject:
Quercus ilex; acclimation; carbon; carotenoids; chlorophyll; coppicing; drought; drying; foresters; forests; gas exchange; isotopes; leaves; nitrogen; photosynthesis; physiological response; stomatal conductance; trees; water use efficiency; Europe; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... We estimated water-use efficiency and potential photosynthetic assimilation of Holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) on slopes of NW and SW aspects in a replicated field test examining the effects of intensifying drought in two Mediterranean coppice forests. We used standard techniques for quantifying gas exchange and carbon isotopes in leaves and analyzed total chlorophyll, carotenoids and nitrogen in leave ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11676-014-0532-4

48. Characteristics of volatile organic compounds from motorcycle exhaust emission during real-world driving

Author:
Tsai, Jiun-Horng; Huang, Pei-Hsiu; Chiang, Hung-Lung
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2014 v.99 pp. 215-226
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
acetaldehyde; acetone; air; air pollution; atmospheric chemistry; benzaldehyde; control methods; emissions factor; energy use and consumption; formaldehyde; isoprene; motorcycles; ozone; pollutants; prices; propylene; toluene; urban areas; volatile organic compounds; xylene; Africa; Asia; Europe
Abstract:
... The number of motorcycles has increased significantly in Asia, Africa, Latin American and Europe in recent years due to their reasonable price, high mobility and low fuel consumption. However, motorcycles can emit significant amounts of air pollutants; therefore, the emission characteristics of motorcycles are an important consideration for the implementation of control measures for motorcycles in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.076

49. Chasing Butterflies in Medieval Europe

Author:
Nazari, Vazrick
Source:
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 2014 v.68 no.4 pp. 223-231
ISSN:
0024-0966
Subject:
Lepidoptera; butterflies; surveys; Europe
Abstract:
... A survey of illuminated medieval manuscripts from Europe reveals depictions of several different methods used in the Middle Ages for catching butterflies. A discussion on the meaning and iconography of lepidopteran imagery in these manuscripts is presented. ...
DOI:
10.18473/lepi.v68i4.a1

50. Circumpolar phylogeography of the northern pike (Esox lucius) and its relationship to the Amur pike (E. reichertii)

Author:
Skog, Anna; Vøllestad, L Asbjørn; Stenseth, Nils Chr; Kasumyan, Alexander; Jakobsen, Kjetill S
Source:
Frontiers in zoology 2014 v.11 no.1 pp. 67
ISSN:
1742-9994
Subject:
Esox lucius; freshwater fish; gene flow; haplotypes; mitochondrial DNA; phylogeny; phylogeography; pike; refuge habitats; species dispersal; Europe; Western European region
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Freshwater fishes of the genus Esox are found throughout the Holarctic region. The northern pike (E. lucius) has a circumpolar distribution whereas the assumed sister species the Amur pike (E. reichertii) is only found in the Amur region. The genetic structure and post-glacial dispersal of these species are not well known. Here, we use sequence variation at two mitochondrial DNA region ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12983-014-0067-8

51. Climatic niche shifts between species' native and naturalized ranges raise concern for ecological forecasts during invasions and climate change

Author:
Early, Regan; Sax, Dov F.
Source:
Global ecology and biogeography 2014 v.23 no.12 pp. 1356-1365
ISSN:
1466-822X
Subject:
climate change; climatic factors; extinction; indigenous species; models; risk; seeds; Europe; United States
Abstract:
... AIM: Correlative models that forecast extinction risk from climate change and invasion risks following species introductions, depend on the assumption that species' current distributions reflect their climate tolerances (‘climatic equilibrium’). This assumption has rarely been tested with independent distribution data, and studies that have done so have focused on species that are widespread or we ...
DOI:
10.1111/geb.12208

52. Communities of wood‐inhabiting bryophytes and fungi on dead beech logs in Europe – reflecting substrate quality or shaped by climate and forest conditions?

Author:
Heilmann‐Clausen, Jacob; Aude, Erik; Dort, Klaas; Christensen, Morten; Piltaver, Andrej; Veerkamp, Mirjam; Walleyn, Ruben; Siller, Irén; Standovár, Tibor; Òdor, Péter; Linder, Peter
Source:
Journal of biogeography 2014 v.41 no.12 pp. 2269-2282
ISSN:
0305-0270
Subject:
Bryopsida; Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; biogeography; climate; community structure; dead wood; decayed wood; ecosystems; environmental factors; filters; forest reserves; forest stands; forests; fungal communities; fungi; habitats; humans; landscapes; lifestyle; species diversity; Europe; Western European region
Abstract:
... AIM: Fungi are drivers of wood decay in forested ecosystem, while bryophytes use dead wood as a platform for their autotrophic lifestyle. We tested the hypothesis that fungal communities on beech logs are mainly structured by substrate quality, while bryophyte communities are structured by climatic gradients. In addition, we tested whether community structure in both organism groups is altered alo ...
DOI:
10.1111/jbi.12388

53. Complete genomic characterization of a potato mop-top virus isolate from the United States

Author:
Ramesh, S. V.; Raikhy, G.; Brown, C. R.; Whitworth, J. L.; Pappu, H. R.
Source:
Archives of virology 2014 v.159 no.12 pp. 3427-3433
ISSN:
0304-8608
Subject:
coat proteins; restriction fragment length polymorphism; sequence analysis; DNA; Potato mop-top virus; phylogeny; amino acid sequences; viruses; genes; genetic variation; RNA; Europe
Abstract:
... Potato mop-top virus (PMTV; family Virgaviridae) was reported recently in the Pacific Northwestern USA. To better understand the genetic diversity of this virus, the complete genome of an isolate from Washington State (WA), USA, was characterized. Sequence comparisons of the WA isolate with other known sequences revealed that the RNA-Rep-encoded RdRp protein and the RNA-CP-encoded coat protein dis ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00705-014-2214-0
PubMed:
25287129

54. Completing the FACE of elevated CO2 research

Author:
Jones, Alan G.; Scullion, John; Ostle, Nick; Levy, Peter E.; Gwynn-Jones, Dylan
Source:
Environment international 2014 v.73 pp. 252-258
ISSN:
0160-4120
Subject:
boreal forests; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide enrichment; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; developing countries; ecosystems; meta-analysis; models; plant communities; plant response; prediction; primary productivity; research programs; tropical forests; tropics; Europe
Abstract:
... We appraise the present geographical extent and inherent knowledge limits, following two decades of research on elevated CO2 responses in plant communities, and ask whether such research has answered the key question in quantifying the limits of compensatory CO2 uptake in the major biomes. Our synthesis of all ecosystem-scale (between 10m2 and 3000m2 total experimental plot area) elevated CO2 (eCO ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envint.2014.07.021

55. Confrontation of cryptic diversity and mate discrimination within Gammarus pulex and Gammarus fossarum species complexes

Author:
Lagrue, Clement; Wattier, Remi; Galipaud, Matthias; Gauthey, Zoe; Rullmann, Jean‐Paul; Dubreuil, Christine; Rigaud, Thierry; Bollache, Loic
Source:
Freshwater biology 2014 v.59 no.12 pp. 2555-2570
ISSN:
0046-5070
Subject:
DNA barcoding; Gammarus fossarum; Gammarus pulex; eggs; females; freshwater; genetic distance; genetic variation; Europe
Abstract:
... Freshwater amphipods Gammarus fossarum and Gammarus pulex are widespread in Europe, with some evidence of cryptic diversity in the former. We used DNA barcoding to assess genetic diversity within and among amphipod populations and examined mate discrimination and pre‐copulatory pair formation between genetically divergent individuals. Eight distinct G. fossarum and four distinct G. pulex molecular ...
DOI:
10.1111/fwb.12453

56. Creating spatially continuous maps of past land cover from point estimates: A new statistical approach applied to pollen data

Author:
Pirzamanbein, Behnaz; Lindström, Johan; Poska, Anneli; Sugita, Shinya; Trondman, Anna-Kari; Fyfe, Ralph; Mazier, Florence; Nielsen, Anne B.; Kaplan, Jed O.; Bjune, Anne E.; Birks, H. John B.; Giesecke, Thomas; Kangur, Mikhel; Latałowa, Małgorzata; Marquer, Laurent; Smith, Benjamin; Gaillard, Marie-José
Source:
Ecological complexity 2014 v.20 pp. 127-141
ISSN:
1476-945X
Subject:
anthropogenic activities; bogs; climate; data collection; forests; fossils; lakes; land cover; landscapes; pollen; statistical analysis; statistical models; vegetation cover; Europe
Abstract:
... Reliable estimates of past land cover are critical for assessing potential effects of anthropogenic land-cover changes on past earth surface-climate feedbacks and landscape complexity. Fossil pollen records from lakes and bogs have provided important information on past natural and human-induced vegetation cover. However, those records provide only point estimates of past land cover, and not the s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecocom.2014.09.005

57. Cruise passengers' experiences in a Mediterranean port of call. The case study of Valencia

Author:
Sanz Blas, Silvia; Carvajal-Trujillo, Elena
Source:
Ocean & coastal management 2014 v.102 pp. 307-316
ISSN:
0964-5691
Subject:
Americans; case studies; consumer behavior; data collection; least squares; models; tourism; uncertainty; Caribbean; Europe; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... Most cruise tourism studies have been restricted to one geographical region, the Caribbean, to a single cruise line, and to onboard experiences. Despite their relevance there has been little research on the Mediterranean region, on specific ports of call and on off-board experience. Furthermore, in the cruise context, there have been no studies on the role of culture in consumer behavior. Hoping t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2014.10.011

58. Cultural resources and management in the coastal regions along the Korean tidal flat

Author:
Hahm, Hanhee; Jeong, Seongmi; Jeong, Myeonghun; Park, Soon Cheol
Source:
Ocean & coastal management 2014 v.102 pp. 506-521
ISSN:
0964-5691
Subject:
coasts; cultural heritage; cultural landscape; industrialization; inventories; issues and policy; land restoration; livelihood; risk; urbanization; Europe; Korean Peninsula; North Sea
Abstract:
... The Korean tidal flat (getbol) region is characterized by close relationships between regional inhabitants and getbol-related goods and services. To illustrate this point, we made a provisional list of cultural entities found in and around the getbol areas of the West Sea region. In the process of this inventory, we confirmed that folk culture is composed of direct representations of getbol villag ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2014.07.011

59. Dams and canyons disrupt gene flow among populations of a threatened riparian plant

Author:
Werth, Silke; Schödl, Michael; Scheidegger, Christoph
Source:
Freshwater biology 2014 v.59 no.12 pp. 2502-2515
ISSN:
0046-5070
Subject:
canyons; floodplains; gene flow; genetic variation; microsatellite repeats; models; population structure; rivers; shrubs; watersheds; Europe
Abstract:
... Natural and man‐made barriers have a significant impact on the population structure and genetic diversity of aquatic species. Little is known whether terrestrial, riparian species are affected in the same way by barriers. Here, we analysed the genetic structure of a threatened riparian shrub based on 20 microsatellite markers and 1176 individuals collected from 34 localities in four Alpine rivers ...
DOI:
10.1111/fwb.12449

60. Deterioration of ancient cellulose paper, Hanji: evaluation of paper permanence

Author:
Jeong, Myung-Joon; Kang, Kyu-Young; Bacher, Markus; Kim, Hyoung-Jin; Jo, Byoung-Muk; Potthast, Antje
Source:
Cellulose 2014 v.21 no.6 pp. 4621-4632
ISSN:
0969-0239
Subject:
raw materials; cellulose; fluorescent labeling; gel chromatography; paper; hydrolysis; mechanical stress; oxidation; molecular weight; ultraviolet radiation; papermaking; half life; Europe; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... Hanji paper, the paper material traditionally used in Korea, is in the focus of the present aging and mechanistic study. As raw materials and historic recipes for paper making are still available for Hanji today, specimen resembling historical material at the point of production can be prepared. While from that starting point, historical material had taken the path of natural aging, newly prepared ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10570-014-0455-4

61. Development of 12 microsatellites loci for the longhorn beetle Monochamus galloprovincialis (Coleoptera Cerambycidae), vector of the Pine Wood Nematode in Europe

Author:
Haran, Julien; Roux-Morabito, Géraldine
Source:
Conservation genetics resources 2014 v.6 no.4 pp. 975-977
ISSN:
1877-7252
Subject:
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus; Monochamus; alleles; coniferous forests; loci; microsatellite repeats; vascular wilt; Europe
Abstract:
... Monochamus galloprovincialis (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) is the vector of the Pine Wood Nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) in Europe. This nematode is the agent of the Pine Wilt Disease (PWD), a syndrome causing important damages in Eurasian pine forests. We report here the development of 12 polymorphic microsatellites loci specific to this species. We observed a moderate allelic richness over a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12686-014-0262-0

62. Diversification in Hawaiian long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae: Campsicnemus): Biogeographic isolation and ecological adaptation

Author:
Goodman, Kari Roesch; Evenhuis, Neal L.; Bartošová-Sojková, Pavla; O’Grady, Patrick M.
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2014 v.81 pp. 232-241
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
Dolichopodidae; adaptive radiation; biogeography; ecotypes; fauna; indigenous species; islands; loci; mitochondria; monophyly; Europe; French Polynesia; Hawaii
Abstract:
... Flies in the genus Campsicnemus have diversified into the second-largest adaptive radiation of Diptera in the Hawaiian Islands, with 179 Hawaiian endemic species currently described. Here we present the first phylogenetic analysis of Campsicnemus, with a focus on the Hawaiian fauna. We analyzed a combination of two nuclear (CAD, EF1α) and five mitochondrial (COI, COII, 12S, 16S, ND2) loci using Ba ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2014.07.015

63. Diversity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in native and invasive Senecio pterophorus (Asteraceae): Implications for toxicity

Author:
Castells, Eva; Mulder, Patrick P.J.; Pérez-Trujillo, Míriam
Source:
Phytochemistry 2014 v.108 pp. 137-146
ISSN:
0031-9422
Subject:
Senecio; biogeography; chemical defenses; chemotypes; colonizing ability; ecosystems; herbivores; indigenous species; invasive species; invertebrates; leaves; phenotype; retronecine; shrubs; toxicity; vertebrates; Australia; Europe; South Africa
Abstract:
... Changes in plant chemical defenses after invasion could have consequences on the invaded ecosystems by modifying the interactions between plants and herbivores and facilitating invasion success. However, no comprehensive biogeographical studies have yet determined the phenotypic levels of plant chemical defenses, as consumed by local herbivores, covering large distributional areas of a species. Se ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.09.006

64. Ecology of testate amoebae and their potential use as palaeohydrologic indicators from peatland in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China

Author:
Song, Lihong; Li, Hongkai; Wang, Kehong; Wu, Donghui; Wu, Haitao
Source:
Frontiers of earth science 2014 v.8 no.4 pp. 564-572
ISSN:
2095-0195
Subject:
Amoeba; ecosystems; environmental indicators; freshwater; least squares; models; pH; peatlands; variance; water table; China; Europe; North America
Abstract:
... Testate amoebae are sensitive indicators of substrate moisture in peatlands. Over the last decades, they have been studied to reconstruct hydrological changes since the Holocene. However, these studies have been geographically restricted to North America and Europe. We conducted the first investigation of testate amoebae on the largest continental fresh water wetland in the Sanjiang Plain, China. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11707-014-0435-x

65. EDITOR'S CHOICE: Effects of land use on plant diversity – A global meta‐analysis

Author:
Gerstner, Katharina; Dormann, Carsten F.; Stein, Anke; Manceur, Ameur M.; Seppelt, Ralf; Bennett, Joseph
Source:
Journal of applied ecology 2014 v.51 no.6 pp. 1690-1700
ISSN:
0021-8901
Subject:
ecosystems; land use; meta-analysis; models; species diversity; Europe; North America
Abstract:
... Plant diversity is globally threatened by anthropogenic land use including management and modification of the natural environment. At regional and local scales, numerous studies world‐wide have examined land use and its effects on plant diversity, but evidence for declining species diversity is mixed. This is because, first, land use comes in many variations, hampering comparisons of studies. Seco ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2664.12329

66. Effect of crop residue incorporation on soil organic carbon and greenhouse gas emissions in European agricultural soils

Author:
Lehtinen, T.; Schlatter, N.; Baumgarten, A.; Bechini, L.; Krüger, J.; Grignani, C.; Zavattaro, L.; Costamagna, C.; Spiegel, H.
Source:
Soil use and management 2014 v.30 no.4 pp. 524-538
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
agricultural soils; carbon sequestration; clay fraction; clay soils; climate; climate change; crop residues; crop yield; cropping systems; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; intensive cropping; long term experiments; nitrous oxide; soil fertility; soil organic carbon; Europe
Abstract:
... Soil organic matter (SOM) improves soil physicochemical and biological properties, and the sequestration of carbon in SOM may mitigate climate change. Soil organic carbon (SOC) often decreases in intensive cropping systems. Incorporation of crop residues (CR) may be a sustainable management practice to maintain the SOC levels and to increase soil fertility. This study quantifies the effects of CR ...
DOI:
10.1111/sum.12151

67. Effects of sulfate deposition on pore water dissolved organic carbon, nutrients, and microbial enzyme activities in a northern peatland

Author:
Seifert-Monson, L.R.; Hill, B.H.; Kolka, R.K.; Jicha, T.M.; Lehto, L.L.; Elonen, C.M.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2014 v.79 pp. 91-99
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
dissolved organic carbon; ecosystems; enzyme activity; field experimentation; hydrochemistry; ionic strength; lakes; microbial communities; nutrients; peat; peatlands; phosphorus; solubility; streams; sulfates; Europe; North America
Abstract:
... Export of dissolved organic carbon from lakes and streams has increased throughout Europe and North America over the past several decades. One possible cause is altered deposition chemistry; specifically, decreasing sulfate inputs leading to changes in ionic strength and dissolved organic carbon solubility. To further investigate the relationship between deposition chemistry and dissolved organic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.09.007

68. Emergence of peste des petits ruminants virus lineage IV in Ismailia Province, Egypt

Author:
Soltan, Mohamed A.; Abd-Eldaim, Mohamed M.
Source:
Infection, genetics, and evolution 2014 v.28 pp. 44-47
ISSN:
1567-1348
Subject:
epidemiological studies; nose; peste des petits ruminants; slaughter; Small ruminant morbillivirus; monitoring; flocks; sheep; goats; phylogeny; pneumonia; disease control; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; viruses; enteritis; mortality; fever; Egypt; South Asia; Europe
Abstract:
... Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, highly contagious fatal disease of small ruminants characterized by high fever, ocular and nasal discharge, pneumonia, erosive stomatitis and severe enteritis that ultimately results in high mortalities. Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is widely distributed and endemic in several African, middle eastern and south Asian countries and it poses a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meegid.2014.08.016

69. Emerging Pests of Potato in Europe: Early Warning, Risk Analyses and Regulation

Author:
Suffert, M.; Ward, M.
Source:
Potato research 2014 v.57 no.3-4 pp. 263-271
ISSN:
0014-3065
Subject:
risk; Candidatus Liberibacter; planning; Epitrix; waste disposal; monitoring; industry; risk analysis; introduced species; imports; soil; zebra chip disease; potatoes; pests; seed tubers; quarantine; plant protection; United States; Europe
Abstract:
... Potato is a major crop across Europe, at risk from a wide range of introduced pests. Phytosanitary measures such as restrictions on imports of seed potatoes reduce those risks. Of the pests which have become established in Europe, some continue to spread while others are effectively controlled by quarantine measures. A number of emerging risks to European potato crops are described, including Epit ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11540-014-9273-1

70. Environmental protection goals, policy & publics in the European regulation of GMOs

Author:
Wickson, Fern
Source:
Ecological economics 2014 v.108 pp. 269-273
ISSN:
0921-8009
Subject:
biodiversity conservation; decision making; ecosystem services; environmental assessment; environmental protection; ethics; food safety; genetically modified organisms; issues and policy; risk assessment; Europe
Abstract:
... One of the most divisive debates in modern agriculture concerns the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). In Europe, the policy debate over GMOs has been met with a persistent attempt to retreat into “sound science” as a potential unifying force. However, environmental risk assessment as an aid to regulatory decision-making is inherently entangled with questions of environmental ethics. Th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.09.025

71. Estimating stocks and flows of nitrogen: Application of dynamic nutrient balance to European agriculture

Author:
Kuosmanen, Natalia
Source:
Ecological economics 2014 v.108 pp. 68-78
ISSN:
0921-8009
Subject:
dynamic models; eco-efficiency; issues and policy; nitrogen; nutrient balance; nutrient use efficiency; soil air; Europe
Abstract:
... This study elaborates the dynamic nutrient balance model and applies it to analyze nitrogen use and nitrogen efficiency in agriculture. We use publicly available agricultural production data to estimate the net inflows, stocks and outflows of nitrogen for 14 European countries in years 1961–2009. The dynamic model allows us to analyze the trends in the nitrogen stocks and flows over time, and brea ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.10.008

72. Evaluation of evidence that the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos is a potential persistent organic pollutant (POP) or persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT)

Author:
Giesy, John P; Solomon, Keith R; Mackay, Don; Anderson, Julie
Source:
Environmental sciences Europe 2014 v.26 no.1 pp. 29
ISSN:
2190-4707
Subject:
bioaccumulation; chlorpyrifos; manufacturing; markets; metabolites; monitoring; organochlorine pesticides; persistent organic pollutants; plant protection; simulation models; toxic substances; toxicity; weight-of-evidence; Europe
Abstract:
... A number of chemicals, including several organochlorine pesticides, have been identified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Here, the properties of chlorpyrifos (CPY; CAS No. 2921-88-2) and its active metabolite, chlorpyrifos oxon (CPYO; CAS No. 5598-15-2), are assessed relative to criteria for classification of compounds as persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs). The manuf ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12302-014-0029-y

73. Evaluation of the sustainability of contrasted pig farming systems: breeding programmes

Author:
Rydhmer, L.; Gourdine, J. L.; de Greef, K.; Bonneau, M.
Source:
Animal 2014 v.8 no.12 pp. 2016-2026
ISSN:
1751-732X
Subject:
animal welfare; biodiversity; breeding; breeding programs; farmers; genetic variation; human resources; markets; meat quality; questionnaires; semen; swine; swine breeds; swine production; traditional farming; Europe
Abstract:
... The sustainability of breeding activities in 15 pig farming systems in five European countries was evaluated. One conventional and two differentiated systems per country were studied. The Conventional systems were the standard systems in their countries. The differentiated systems were of three categories: Adapted Conventional with focus on animal welfare, meat quality or environment (five systems ...
DOI:
10.1017/S175173111400216X
PubMed:
25166468

74. Evaluation of the sustainability of contrasted pig farming systems: development of a market conformity tool for pork products based on technological quality traits

Author:
Gonzàlez, J.; Gispert, M.; Gil, M.; Hviid, M.; Dourmad, J. Y.; de Greef, K. H.; Zimmer, C.; Fàbrega, E.
Source:
Animal 2014 v.8 no.12 pp. 2038-2046
ISSN:
1751-732X
Subject:
backfat; carcass quality; carcass weight; cold; color; cooked foods; experts; farming systems; fat thickness; industry; intramuscular fat; lean meat; livestock production; longissimus muscle; markets; meat quality; pH; pork; raw meat; swine; Europe
Abstract:
... A market conformity tool, based on technological meat quality parameters, was developed within the Q-PorkChains project, to be included in a global sustainability evaluation of pig farming systems. The specific objective of the market conformity tool was to define a scoring system based on the suitability of meat to elaborate the main pork products, according to their market shares based on indust ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1751731114002146
PubMed:
25196445

75. Evaluation of the sustainability of contrasted pig farming systems: economy

Author:
Ilari-Antoine, E.; Bonneau, M.; Klauke, T. N.; Gonzàlez, J.; Dourmad, J. Y.; De Greef, K.; Houwers, H. W. J.; Fabrega, E.; Zimmer, C.; Hviid, M.; Van der Oever, B.; Edwards, S. A.
Source:
Animal 2014 v.8 no.12 pp. 2047-2057
ISSN:
1751-732X
Subject:
cluster analysis; farming systems; farms; principal component analysis; swine; swine production; Europe
Abstract:
... The aim of this paper is to present an efficient tool for evaluating the economy part of the sustainability of pig farming systems. The selected tool IDEA was tested on a sample of farms from 15 contrasted systems in Europe. A statistical analysis was carried out to check the capacity of the indicators to illustrate the variability of the population and to analyze which of these indicators contrib ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1751731114002158
PubMed:
25222654

76. Evaluation of the sustainability of contrasted pig farming systems: the procedure, the evaluated systems and the evaluation tools

Author:
Bonneau, M.; de Greef, K.; Brinkman, D.; Cinar, M. U.; Dourmad, J. Y.; Edge, H. L.; Fàbrega, E.; Gonzàlez, J.; Houwers, H. W. J.; Hviid, M.; Ilari-Antoine, E.; Klauke, T. N.; Phatsara, C.; Rydhmer, L.; van der Oever, B.; Zimmer, C.; Edwards, S. A.
Source:
Animal 2014 v.8 no.12 pp. 2011-2015
ISSN:
1751-732X
Subject:
animal health; animal welfare; breeding programs; environmental sustainability; farmers; farming systems; livestock production; markets; meat; swine; working conditions; Europe
Abstract:
... Although a few studies consider the sustainability of animal farming systems along the three classical main pillars (economy, environment and society), most studies on pig farming systems address only one of these pillars. The present paper is the introduction to a series of companion papers presenting the results of a study undertaken within the EU-supported project Q-PorkChains, aiming at buildi ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1751731114002110
PubMed:
25166005

77. Evolution and island endemism of morphologically cryptic Baetis and Cloeon species (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) on the Canary Islands and Madeira

Author:
Rutschmann, Sereina; Gattolliat, Jean‐Luc; Hughes, Samantha J.; Báez, Marcos; Sartori, Michel; Monaghan, Michael T.
Source:
Freshwater biology 2014 v.59 no.12 pp. 2516-2527
ISSN:
0046-5070
Subject:
Baetis; aquatic insects; cytochrome-c oxidase; data collection; fauna; genes; habitat destruction; indigenous species; islands; phylogeny; population size; Canary Islands; Europe; Madeira Islands; Northern Africa
Abstract:
... The Canary Islands and Madeira are reportedly home to seven recognised species of baetid mayflies (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae), two of which also occur on the European mainland. Their species status remains unsure, and loss of habitat suggests they are of conservation concern. We applied morphological characters and a general mixed Yule‐coalescent (gmyc) model analysis of the cytochrome c oxidase sub ...
DOI:
10.1111/fwb.12450

78. Fukushima and the preference for nuclear power in Europe: Evidence from subjective well-being data

Author:
Welsch, Heinz; Biermann, Philipp
Source:
Ecological economics 2014 v.108 pp. 171-179
ISSN:
0921-8009
Subject:
energy; nuclear power; surveys; Europe; Japan
Abstract:
... The sustainable supply of energy is high on the agenda of many European countries. One of the pertinent issues, the future role of nuclear power, has gained increasing attention after the nuclear disaster at Fukushima, Japan. As a contribution to preference elicitation, we test whether the relationship between subjective well-being (SWB) of European citizens and the supply of nuclear power has cha ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.10.022

79. Functional homogenization exceeds taxonomic homogenization among European fish assemblages

Author:
Villéger, Sébastien; Grenouillet, Gaël; Brosse, Sébastien
Source:
Global ecology and biogeography 2014 v.23 no.12 pp. 1450-1460
ISSN:
1466-822X
Subject:
anthropogenic activities; ecosystems; freshwater fish; functional diversity; homogenization; humans; indigenous species; introduced species; species diversity; temporal variation; watersheds; Europe
Abstract:
... AIM: Human activities and the consequent extirpations of native species and introductions of non‐native species have been modifying the composition of species assemblages throughout the world. These anthropogenic impacts have modified the richness of assemblages as well as the biological dissimilarity among them. However, while changes in taxonomic dissimilarity (i.e. accounting for species compos ...
DOI:
10.1111/geb.12226

80. Further Evidence for Cryptic North-Western Refugia in Europe? Mitochondrial Phylogeography of the Sibling Species Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus pygmaeus

Author:
Boston, Emma S. M.; Puechmaille, Sébastien J.; Clissmann, Fionn; Teeling, Emma C.
Source:
Acta chiropterologica 2014 v.16 no.2 pp. 263-277
ISSN:
1733-5329
Subject:
Pipistrellus pipistrellus; animals; haplotypes; mitochondrial DNA; niches; phylogeny; phylogeography; plants (botany); refuge habitats; sibling species; Europe; Mediterranean region; Western European region
Abstract:
... The geographic ranges of European plants and animals underwent periods of contraction and re-colonisation during the climatic oscillations of the Pleistocene. The southern Mediterranean peninsulas (Iberian, Italian and Balkan) have been considered the most likely refugia for temperate/warm adapted species. Recent studies however have revealed the existence of extra-Mediterranean refugia, including ...
DOI:
10.3161/150811014X687233

81. Global diversity and genetic contributions of chicken populations from African, Asian and European regions

Author:
Lyimo, C. M.; Weigend, A.; Msoffe, P. L.; Eding, H.; Simianer, H.; Weigend, S.
Source:
Animal genetics 2014 v.45 no.6 pp. 836-848
ISSN:
0268-9146
Subject:
Gallus gallus; alleles; broiler chickens; chicken breeds; genetic markers; genetic variation; heterozygosity; laying hens; microsatellite repeats; population structure; purebreds; Africa; Asia; Eastern European region; Europe; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... Genetic diversity and population structure of 113 chicken populations from Africa, Asia and Europe were studied using 29 microsatellite markers. Among these, three populations of wild chickens and nine commercial purebreds were used as reference populations for comparison. Compared to commercial lines and chickens sampled from the European region, high mean numbers of alleles and a high degree of ...
DOI:
10.1111/age.12230
PubMed:
25315897

82. Habitat Determinants of Woodpecker Abundance and Species Richness in Sub-Himalayan Dipterocarp Forests of North-West India

Author:
Kumar, Raman; Shahabuddin, Ghazala; Kumar, Ajith
Source:
Acta ornithologica 2014 v.49 no.2 pp. 243-256
ISSN:
0001-6454
Subject:
woodpeckers; landscapes; snags; breeding; surveys; tree and stand measurements; seasons; trees; Shorea robusta; species diversity; stand basal area; habitats; breeding season; forests; India; North America; Europe
Abstract:
... Ecological impacts of habitat change on woodpeckers remain largely unstudied in regions other than Europe and North America. The sub-Himalayan sal Shorea robusta forests of northwest India have 17 woodpecker species, and a history of management-induced habitat modification. We studied how habitat parameters affect woodpeckers at a community level (viz. total abundance and species richness) as well ...
DOI:
10.3161/173484714X687136

83. High potential of calcareous tufas for integrative multidisciplinary studies and prospects for archaeology in Europe

Author:
Dabkowski, Julie
Source:
Journal of archaeological science 2014 v.52 pp. 72-83
ISSN:
0305-4403
Subject:
archaeology; calcite; carbonates; climate; climatology; fauna; flora; paleoecology; society; Europe
Abstract:
... Calcareous tufas are continental carbonates from open-air conditions, specific to wet and warm periods. They contain abundant remains of fauna and flora fossilised in situ and may accumulate regularly over thousands of years offering high stratigraphic resolution for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. As they are mainly comprised of calcite, tufas allow direct and precise dating as well as geoch ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jas.2014.07.013

84. High Stability of a Mitochondrial Genetic Marker mtCOII in Polish Colorado Potato Beetle Populations

Author:
Przybylska, Arnika; Budziszewska, Marta; Klejdysz, Tomasz; Nawrot, Jan; Obrępalska-Stęplowska, Aleksandra
Source:
American journal of potato research 2014 v.91 no.6 pp. 720-725
ISSN:
1099-209X
Subject:
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; cytochrome-c oxidase; genetic markers; genetic variation; haplotypes; inheritance (genetics); intraspecific variation; mitochondrial DNA; nucleotide sequences; pests; plant protection; potatoes; surveys; Asia; Europe; North America
Abstract:
... Colorado potato beetle (CPB) (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say in Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 3: 298–331, 1824)) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is one of the most serious potato pests. It has been reported worldwide, from North America to Europe and Asia. In this study we analyzed the genetic diversity of a mitochondrial DNA marker – a second subunit of cytochrome oxidase ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12230-014-9392-x

85. Impact of biogenic emissions on ozone and fine particles over Europe: Comparing effects of temperature increase and a potential anthropogenic NOx emissions abatement strategy

Author:
Tagaris, E.; Sotiropoulou, R.E.P.; Gounaris, N.; Andronopoulos, S.; Vlachogiannis, D.
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2014 v.98 pp. 214-223
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
air temperature; atmospheric chemistry; emissions; mixing; nitrogen content; nitrogen oxides; ozone; particulates; volatile organic compounds; Europe
Abstract:
... The impact of biogenic emissions on ozone and PM2.5 levels over Europe is assessed using CMAQ. Biogenic emissions are predicted to increase Max8hrO3 mixing ratios by 5.7% and to decrease PM2.5 concentrations by 1.9%, increasing PM2.5_OC by 13.6% and decreasing PM2.5_SO4, PM2.5_NO3 and PM2.5_NH4 by 5.6%, 3.7% and 5.6%, respectively, on average over Europe due to their interactions with anthropogeni ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.08.056

86. Impact of land–sea thermal contrast on interdecadal variation in circulation and blocking

Author:
He, Yongli; Huang, Jianping; Ji, Mingxia
Source:
Climate dynamics 2014 v.43 no.12 pp. 3267-3279
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
air temperature; cold; global warming; latitude; topography; troposphere; wind direction; Europe
Abstract:
... The impact of asymmetric thermal forcing associated with land–sea distribution on interdecadal variation in large-scale circulation and blocking was investigated using observations and the coupled model intercomparison project outputs. A land–sea index (LSI) was defined to measure asymmetric zonal thermal forcing; the index changed from a negative to a positive anomaly in the 1980s. In the positiv ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-014-2103-y

87. Impact on air quality of measures to reduce CO2 emissions from road traffic in Basel, Rotterdam, Xi'an and Suzhou

Author:
Keuken, M.P.; Jonkers, S.; Verhagen, H.L.M.; Perez, L.; Trüeb, S.; Okkerse, W.-J.; Liu, J.; Pan, X.C.; Zheng, L.; Wang, H.; Xu, R.; Sabel, C.E.
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2014 v.98 pp. 434-441
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
air pollution; air quality; atmospheric chemistry; carbon; carbon dioxide; cities; greenhouse gas emissions; highways; models; nitrogen dioxide; particulates; traffic; urban areas; China; Europe
Abstract:
... Two traffic scenarios to reduce CO2 emissions from road traffic in two European cities (Basel and Rotterdam) and two Chinese cities (Xi'an and Suzhou) were evaluated in terms of their impact on air quality. The two scenarios, one modelling a reduction of private vehicle kilometres driven by 10% on urban streets and the other modelling the introduction of 50% electric-powered private vehicle kilome ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.024

88. Intercalibration of aquatic ecological assessment methods in the European Union: Lessons learned and way forward

Author:
Poikane, Sandra; Zampoukas, Nikolaos; Borja, Angel; Davies, Susan P.; van de Bund, Wouter; Birk, Sebastian
Source:
Environmental Science and Policy 2014 v.44 pp. 237-246
ISSN:
1462-9011
Subject:
European Union; natural resource policy; surface water; water quality; Europe
Abstract:
... The Water Framework Directive requires that European Union (EU) Member States ensure that their surface waters are in at least good ecological status by 2015 or at the latest by 2027. The good ecological status objective has been described and operationally defined in the Water Framework Directive. Member States develop their own ecological assessment methods but they must demonstrate that their m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envsci.2014.08.006

89. In vitro interaction between Phlebiopsis sp. and Ganoderma philippii isolates

Author:
Agustini, L.; Wahyuno, D.; Indrayadi, H.; Glen, M.; Woodward, S.
Source:
Forest pathology 2014 v.44 no.6 pp. 472-476
ISSN:
1437-4781
Subject:
Acacia mangium; DNA; Eucalyptus pellita; Ganoderma; Heterobasidion annosum; Phlebia gigantea; Trichoderma; biological control; biological control agents; coniferous forests; coppicing; crops; fungi; mycelium; nucleotide sequences; root rot; rubber; sequence analysis; Europe; Indonesia; North America
Abstract:
... Ganoderma philippii causes root‐rot disease in a wide range of commercial perennial woody crops such as rubber and tropical acacias. In terms of productivity loss, the disease is considered as the most economically damaging disease of Acacia mangium. Many strategies to manage root rot have been developed and applied, including application of biological control which has focused on species and stra ...
DOI:
10.1111/efp.12143

90. Maize pollen foraging by honey bees in relation to crop area and landscape context

Author:
Danner, Nadja; Härtel, Stephan; Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
Source:
Basic and applied ecology 2014 v.15 no.8 pp. 677-684
ISSN:
1439-1791
Subject:
Apoidea; corn; crops; flowering; food security; foraging; grasslands; honey; honey bee colonies; honey bees; insecticides; land use; landscapes; nectar; pollen; risk; transgenic plants; Europe
Abstract:
... The increasing demand for insect pollinated crops and high recent losses of honey bee colonies raise concerns about food security. Systemic insecticides are recognized as one of the drivers of worldwide honey and wild bee declines. Particularly honey bees in agricultural environments are exposed to pesticides when they collect crop pollen and nectar. However, landscape scale studies which analyze ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.baae.2014.08.010

91. Microphytobenthos of Korean tidal flats: A review and analysis on floral distribution and tidal dynamics

Author:
Park, Jinsoon; Kwon, Bong-Oh; Kim, Minkyu; Hong, Seongjin; Ryu, Jongseong; Song, Sung Joon; Khim, Jong Seong
Source:
Ocean & coastal management 2014 v.102 pp. 471-482
ISSN:
0964-5691
Subject:
biodiversity; biogeography; food webs; new species; Europe; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... The present article presents a historical overview and key findings in the studies of microphytobenthos (MPBs) in Korea, supporting a biodiversity of the Korean tidal flats. The common internationally recognized topics relating to the tidal flat MPBs were found to be assemblages, dynamics, production, and food web etc. in chronological manner. Accordingly the review on the Korean MPBs studies was ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2014.07.007

92. Modeling a Carbon Capture, Transport, and Storage Infrastructure for Europe

Author:
Oei, Pao-Yu; Herold, Johannes; Mendelevitch, Roman
Source:
Environmental modeling and assessment 2014 v.19 no.6 pp. 515-531
ISSN:
1420-2026
Subject:
carbon; carbon dioxide; emissions; industry; infrastructure; models; prices; purchasing; Europe
Abstract:
... In this paper, we develop a model to analyze the economics of carbon capture, transport, and storage (CCTS) in the wake of expected rising CO₂ prices. We present a scalable mixed integer, multiperiod, welfare-optimizing network model for Europe, called CCTS-Mod. The model incorporates endogenous decisions on carbon capture, pipeline and storage investments, as well as capture, flow and injection q ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10666-014-9409-3

93. Modelling population dynamics of the Common hamster (Cricetus cricetus): Timing of harvest as a critical aspect in the conservation of a highly endangered rodent

Author:
La Haye, M.J.J.; Swinnen, K.R.R.; Kuiters, A.T.; Leirs, H.; Siepel, H.
Source:
Biological conservation 2014 v.180 pp. 53-61
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
Cricetus; agricultural land; females; grains; habitats; hamsters; harvesting; models; natural resources conservation; pests; population growth; population size; predation; progeny; Europe; Western European region
Abstract:
... The Common hamster Cricetus cricetus was an agricultural pest in large parts of Europe less than 50years ago. Currently the species is highly threatened or locally extinct and acknowledged as an important and even iconic species for nature conservation in farmland areas in Western Europe. The species was listed in the European habitats directive in 1992 to prevent a further decline, but the Common ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2014.09.035

94. Modelling soil borne fungal pathogens of arable crops under climate change

Author:
Manici, L. M.; Bregaglio, S.; Fumagalli, D.; Donatelli, M.
Source:
International journal of biometeorology 2014 v.58 no.10 pp. 2071-2083
ISSN:
0020-7128
Subject:
climate; climate change; climate models; crops; grains; host plants; plant pathogenic fungi; root crown; root rot; simulation models; soil temperature; soil water content; sowing; spring; water uptake; Baltic States; Europe; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... Soil-borne fungal plant pathogens, agents of crown and root rot, are seldom considered in studies on climate change and agriculture due both to the complexity of the soil system and to the incomplete knowledge of their response to environmental drivers. A controlled chamber set of experiments was carried out to quantify the response of six soil-borne fungi to temperature, and a species-generic mod ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00484-014-0808-6
PubMed:
24615638

95. Molecular genetic characterization of Central European soybean breeding germplasm

Author:
Hahn, Volker; Würschum, Tobias; Singh, R.
Source:
Plant breeding 2014 v.133 no.6 pp. 748-755
ISSN:
0179-9541
Subject:
Glycine max; alleles; genetic techniques and protocols; genetic variation; germplasm; introgression; linkage disequilibrium; plant breeding; population structure; soybeans; Central European region; Europe; United States
Abstract:
... Soybean is the most important oilseed and protein crop worldwide, but in Europe, the acreage is comparably low. Thus, Europe strongly depends on imports of soy products and consequently recent efforts aim at expanding the acreage of soybean, particularly in Central Europe. The aim of this study was, therefore, to assist these breeding efforts by characterizing Central European soybean germplasm, e ...
DOI:
10.1111/pbr.12212

96. Monitoring the presence of residues of tetracyclines in baby food samples by HPLC-MS/MS

Author:
Nebot, Carolina; Guarddon, Mónica; Seco, Fernando; Iglesias, Alejandra; Miranda, Jose M.; Franco, Carlos M.; Cepeda, Alberto
Source:
Food control 2014 v.46 pp. 495-501
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
animal production; animal-based foods; beef; chickens; chlortetracycline; commercialization; doxycycline; ethyl acetate; high performance liquid chromatography; infant foods; infants; lifestyle; liquid-liquid extraction; milk; monitoring; oxytetracycline; pH; pork; risk; spectrometers; tetracycline; vegetables; Europe
Abstract:
... Tetracyclin is a group of antimicrobial permitted in animal food production, but their concentrations in food of animal origin should not exceed 100 μg kg−1 (in meat and milk). Although the detection of these substances above these limits involves fines and jail for the producer, residues of tetracyclines are still being detected in food a potential risk to consumer health, especially babies.In th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.05.042

97. Moulting and Wintering Grounds of Marsh Warblers Acrocephalus palustris: Evidence from Stable Isotopes and Ring Recoveries

Author:
Procházka, Petr; Kralj, Jelena; Pearson, David J.; Yohannes, Elizabeth
Source:
Acta ornithologica 2014 v.49 no.2 pp. 193-200
ISSN:
0001-6454
Subject:
Acrocephalus palustris; autumn; breeding; carbon; ecosystems; feathers; habitat preferences; habitats; highlands; mixing; molting; nitrogen; population; stable isotopes; vegetation; wintering grounds; Eastern Africa; Europe
Abstract:
... We analysed stable carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) isotope ratios in Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris feathers sampled in Europe and Africa to assess non-breeding habitat selection and location of wintering grounds of different breeding populations. Feather δ¹³C values showed that Marsh Warblers occupy a biome dominated by C₄ vegetation during the stopover in northeastern Africa, whereas C₃ ...
DOI:
10.3161/173484714X687073

98. Near-field surface displacement and permanent deformation induced by the Alaska Mw 7.5 earthquake determined by high-rate real-time ambiguity-fixed PPP solutions

Author:
Chen, Gang; Zhao, Qile
Source:
Chinese science bulletin 2014 v.59 no.34 pp. 4781-4789
ISSN:
1001-6538
Subject:
deformation; earthquakes; global positioning systems; models; monitoring; Alaska; Europe
Abstract:
... High-rate GPS data from the United States continuously operating reference stations in the Alaska region are processed using the recently developed precise point positioning (PPP) technique. The traditional PPP technique does not fix ambiguities into their integers because these ambiguities do not have an integer nature when data from a single receiver, as well as precise orbit and clock correctio ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-014-0609-7

99. Nematodes: An Increasing Threat for the Potato Crop in Europe?

Author:
Viaene, N.
Source:
Potato research 2014 v.57 no.3-4 pp. 335-338
ISSN:
0014-3065
Subject:
Globodera; Meloidogyne; breeding; farms; global change; hygiene; international trade; issues and policy; nematicides; pests; potatoes; quarantine; sanitation; soil treatment; Europe
Abstract:
... Nematodes are an important threat to the potato crop in Europe. Global change is likely to worsen the problem. Moreover, governmental policies towards reducing broad-spectrum pesticides stimulate the development of populations of pests that were easily controlled in the past. For some economically important nematodes, alternative strategies have proven to be successful (e.g., Globodera); for other ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11540-015-9284-6

100. New methods for reconstructing geographical effects on dispersal rates and routes from large-scale radiocarbon databases

Author:
Silva, Fabio; Steele, James
Source:
Journal of archaeological science 2014 v.52 pp. 609-620
ISSN:
0305-4403
Subject:
algorithms; altitude; archaeology; case studies; coastal water; databases; georeferencing; habitats; models; phylogeny; principal geodesic analysis; radiocarbon dating; Europe; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... We introduce a methodology for reconstructing geographical effects on dispersal and diffusion patterns, using georeferenced archaeological radiocarbon databases. Fast Marching methods for modelling front propagation enable geographical scenarios to be explored regarding barriers, corridors, and favoured and unfavoured habitat types. The use of genetic algorithms as optimal search tools also enable ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jas.2014.04.021