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1. Występowanie typu wzrostowego R grzyba Tapesia yallundae i jego wrażliwość na wybrane fungicydy [Occurrence of R-growth type of Tapesia yallundae fungus and its sensitivity to some fungicides]

Author:
Maliński, Zbigniew T.; Burgieł, Zbigniew J.
ISSN:
2300-357X
Subject:
Oculimacula yallundae; agar; azoxystrobin; carbendazim; crops; flusilazole; fungi; prochloraz; propiconazole; sporulation; stems; triticale; winter wheat; Poland
Abstract:
... From winter wheat and winter triticale stems with distinct disease lesions 123 isolates of eyespot agent – Tapesia yallundae fungus were obtained. Stems were collected in 1999–2001, from no-treatment and protected with fungicides fields, which were situated in three provinces of Poland (małopolskie, mazowieckie, śląskie). Obtained isolates were classified on the basis of morphology on PDA, sporula ...
DOI:
10.5586/aa.2002.020

2. Implications of Bt Traits on Mycotoxin Contamination in Maize: Overview and Recent Experimental Results in Southern United States

Author:
Abbas, Hamed K.; Zablotowicz, Robert M.; Weaver, Mark A.; Shier, W. Thomas; Bruns, H. Arnold; Bellaloui, Nacer; Accinelli, Cesare; Abel, Craig A.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2013 v.61 no.48 pp. 11759-11770
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Bacillus thuringiensis; aflatoxins; biological control; corn; crops; deoxynivalenol; environmental factors; fumonisins; fungi; host plants; hybrids; inoculum; insect control; insects; seeds; zearalenone; Southeastern United States
Abstract:
... Mycotoxin contamination levels in maize kernels are controlled by a complex set of factors including insect pressure, fungal inoculum potential, and environmental conditions that are difficult to predict. Methods are becoming available to control mycotoxin-producing fungi in preharvest crops, including Bt expression, biocontrol, and host plant resistance. Initial reports in the United States and o ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf400754g
PubMed:
23750911

3. Gregarine and <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> infections of the grey corn weevil, <i>Tanymecus dilaticollis</i> (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Author:
Takov, D. I.; Draganova, S. A.; Toshova, T. B.
Source:
Acta phytopathologica et entomologica Hungarica 2013 v.48 no.2 pp. 309-319
ISSN:
0238-1249
Subject:
Beauveria bassiana; Curculionidae; Helianthus annuus; Protozoa; adults; corn; crops; fungi; insect pests; mycoses; parasites; pathogens; population density; Bulgaria
Abstract:
... As an economically important insect pest, the adults of the grey corn weevil, Tanymecus dilaticollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) were investigated for presence of pathogens. In 2009 and 2011, 1069 specimens were collected from maize and sunflower crops in 6 localities in Northern Bulgaria and studied in the laboratory. As a result of this study infections caused by a septate gregarine and < ...
DOI:
10.1556/APhyt.48.2013.2.12

4. Application of rural slaughterhouse waste as an organic fertilizer for pot cultivation of solanaceous vegetables in India

Author:
Roy, Malancha; Karmakar, Sukalpa; Debsarcar, Anupam; Sen, Pradip K; Mukherjee, Joydeep
Source:
International journal of recycling of organics waste in agriculture 2013 v.2 no.1 pp. 6
ISSN:
2195-3228
Subject:
Azotobacter; Capsicum annuum; Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; Solanum melongena; bacteria; biochemical oxygen demand; blood; carbohydrates; chemical oxygen demand; chlorophyll; crops; diammonium phosphate; digesta; drying; eggplants; fruiting; fungi; mature plants; nitrogen; nitrogen content; oils; organic fertilizers; phosphorus; planting; pot culture; potassium; rumen; slaughterhouse wastes; slaughterhouses; soil; sustainable agriculture; tomatoes; total suspended solids; toxicity; India
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The lack of electricity and water supply in rural abattoirs in developing nations prevents the adoption of waste-processing technologies practiced in economically advanced countries. This research attempts to recycle waste blood and rumen digesta generated in rural slaughterhouses as organic fertilizer, thus promoting sustainable agriculture. RESULTS: The values of 5-day biochemical ox ...
DOI:
10.1186/2251-7715-2-6

5. Employing molecular markers to identify Monilinia fructicola in Ecuadorian peach orchards

Author:
Salgado, Cristina; Arahana, Venancio; Tobar, José; Gutiérrez, Bernardo; Torres, María de Lourdes
Source:
Australasian plant disease notes 2013 v.8 no.1 pp. 149-152
ISSN:
1833-928X
Subject:
Monilinia fructicola; crops; fungi; genetic markers; internal transcribed spacers; orchards; pathogens; peaches
Abstract:
... ITS and SCAR molecular markers were used to identify Monilinia species in 21 fungal isolates from infected peaches in four Ecuadorian provinces. The results confirmed Monilinia fructicola as the causal agent of brown rot in the analysed samples. This is the first report that uses molecular methods to identify this pathogen in Ecuadorian peach crops. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13314-013-0119-5

6. Endophytic Penicillium funiculosum LHL06 secretes gibberellin that reprograms Glycine max L. growth during copper stress

Author:
Khan, Abdul Latif; Lee, In-Jung
Source:
BMC plant biology 2013 v.13 no.1 pp. 86
ISSN:
1471-2229
Subject:
Exophiala; Glycine max; Metarhizium anisopliae; Promicromonospora; Talaromyces funiculosus; abscisic acid; bioremediation; biosorption; cadmium; calcium; carbon; chlorophyll; copper; crops; endophytes; fungi; gibberellins; glutamic acid; glutathione; heavy metals; host plants; hydrogen; lipid peroxidation; metabolism; nitrogen; nutrient uptake; oxidative stress; phosphorus; phytomass; plant growth; pollution; potassium; proline; protein content; roots; shoots; soybeans; sulfur; sustainable agriculture; symbiosis; toxicity
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Heavy metal pollution in crop fields is one of the major issues in sustainable agriculture production. To improve crop growth and reduce the toxic effects of metals is an ideal strategy. Understanding the resilience of gibberellins producing endophytic fungi associated with crop plants in metal contaminated agriculture fields could be an important step towards reducing agrochemical pol ...
DOI:
10.1186/1471-2229-13-86
PubMed:
23721090
PubMed Central:
PMC3674946

7. Pseudocercospora cruenta on Vigna unguiculata in Mexico

Author:
Ayala-Escobar, V.; Gomez-Jaimes, R.; Santiago-Santiago, V.; Madariaga-Navarrete, A.; Castaneda-Vildozola, A.; Nava-Diaz, C.
Source:
Australasian plant disease notes 2013 v.8 no.1 pp. 115-116
ISSN:
1833-928X
Subject:
Pseudocercospora; Vigna unguiculata; cowpeas; crops; fungi; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; pathogenicity; pathogens; sequence analysis; Mexico
Abstract:
... Cowpea is one of the most important grain legume crops worldwide. Although Pseudocercospora cruenta on cowpea was first observed in Mexico in 1976, this is the first documented report of this pathogen in Mexico. The fungus was isolated from symptomatic cowpea leaves collected from Nayarit state, Mexico and identified on the basis of morphology and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spac ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13314-013-0110-1

8. Alternaria mycotoxins in wheat – A 10 years survey in the Northeast of Germany

Author:
Müller, Marina E.H.; Korn, Ulrike
Source:
Food control 2013 v.34 no.1 pp. 191-197
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
Alternaria; Fusarium; altenuene; commercial farms; corn; crops; fluorescence; fungi; high performance liquid chromatography; minimum tillage; plant pathogens; seeds; surveys; tenuazonic acid; winter wheat; Germany
Abstract:
... Although, the genus Alternaria is considered to be an important plant pathogen and capable to produce mycotoxins, the presence of Alternaria mycotoxins in cereals has been largely ignored both in Europe and overseas. This is very likely due to a lack of survey data. This study aimed at filling this gap by investigating a total of 1064 freshly harvested winter wheat samples from commercial farms in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.04.018

9. Mycobiota and identification of aflatoxin gene cluster in marketed spices in West Africa

Author:
Gnonlonfin, G.J.B.; Adjovi, Y.C.; Tokpo, A.F.; Agbekponou, E.D.; Ameyapoh, Y.; de Souza, C.; Brimer, L.; Sanni, A.
Source:
Food control 2013 v.34 no.1 pp. 115-120
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
Aspergillus flavus; aflatoxin B1; black pepper; crops; fungi; garlic; genes; ginger; microbial contamination; risk; selective media; thin layer chromatography; vegetables; Benin
Abstract:
... Fungal infection and aflatoxin contamination were evaluated on 114 samples of dried and milled spices such as ginger, garlic and black pepper from southern Benin and Togo collected in November 2008–January 2009. These products are dried to preserve them for lean periods available throughout the year. Fungal contamination was evaluated after plating on selective media with a total of 20 fungal gene ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.04.021

10. Structures of the flax-rust effector AvrM reveal insights into the molecular basis of plant-cell entry and effector-triggered immunity

Author:
Ve, Thomas; Williams, Simon J.; Catanzariti, Ann-Maree; Rafiqi, Maryam; Rahman, Motiur; Ellis, Jeffrey G.; Hardham, Adrienne R.; Jones, David A.; Anderson, Peter A.; Dodds, Peter N.; Kobe, Bostjan
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2013 v.110 no.43 pp. 17594-17599
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Linum usitatissimum; Melampsora lini; cells; crops; crystal structure; crystals; flax; fungi; hydrophobicity; immune system; immunity; mutation; pathogens
Abstract:
... Fungal and oomycete pathogens cause some of the most devastating diseases in crop plants, and facilitate infection by delivering a large number of effector molecules into the plant cell. AvrM is a secreted effector protein from flax rust (Melampsora lini) that can internalize into plant cells in the absence of the pathogen, binds to phosphoinositides (PIPs), and is recognized directly by the resis ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1307614110
PubMed:
24101475
PubMed Central:
PMC3808616

11. Broad spectrum management of plant diseases by phylloplane microfungal metabolites

Author:
Mitra, Joyeeta; Bhuvaneshwari, V.; Paul, P.K.
Source:
Archiv für Phytopathologie und Pflanzenschutz 2013 v.46 no.16 pp. 1993-2001
ISSN:
1477-2906
Subject:
Alternaria alternata; Aspergillus niger; Chaetomium; Trichoderma viride; biocides; crops; disease incidence; fungi; host plants; metabolites; pathogens; phylloplane; physiology; plant diseases and disorders
Abstract:
... Plant surfaces are colonised by an array of microbes. These microbes have been implicated in protecting plants against invading pathogens. Studies have demonstrated that metabolites of phylloplane microfungi can induce defence responses in their host plants. This investigation relates to formulation of a biocide from metabolites of Aspergillus niger , Trichoderma viride , Alternaria alternata and ...
DOI:
10.1080/03235408.2013.782648

12. Potential plant–aphid–fungal associations aiding conservation biological control of cereal aphids in Argentina

Author:
Manfrino, R.G.; Zumoffen, L.; Salto, C.E.; López Lastra, C.C.
Source:
International journal of pest management 2013 v.59 no.4 pp. 314-318
ISSN:
1366-5863
Subject:
Aphis nerii; Brassica rapa; Brevicoryne brassicae; Cryptomyzus; Dysaphis apiifolia; Entomophthora; Erynia neoaphidis; Erynia radicans; Foeniculum vulgare; Hyperomyzus; Lamium amplexicaule; Sonchus oleraceus; Uroleucon sonchi; biological control; crops; fungi; hosts; pest management; surveys; weeds; wheat; Argentina
Abstract:
... The overall aim of this study was to identify potential associations between aphids and plants as reservoirs of entomophthoralean fungi. A survey of weeds associated with wheat field borders in two different localities was performed over two years, from April 2010 to April 2012 in the Pampeana central region, Argentina. On each sampling date, five individuals of each plant species were randomly se ...
DOI:
10.1080/09670874.2013.869372

13. Botryticidal Activity of Nanosized Silver‐Chitosan Composite and Its Application for the Control of Gray Mold in Strawberry

Author:
Moussa, Shaaban H.; Tayel, Ahmed A.; Alsohim, Abdullah S.; Abdallah, Reda R.
Source:
Journal of food science 2013 v.78 no.10 pp. M1589
ISSN:
0022-1147
Subject:
Botrytis cinerea; antifungal properties; chitosan; coatings; crops; food contamination; fruits; fungi; gray mold; hyphae; microscopy; minimum inhibitory concentration; mycelium; plant pathogens; silver; strawberries
Abstract:
... Botrytis cinerea Pers, the gray mold fungus, is among the most dangerous plant pathogens that cause great losses in agricultural crops. The botryticidal activities of nanosized silver (nano Ag), fungal chitosan (CTS) irradiated fungal chitosan (IrCTS), and nano Ag‐IrCTS composite were investigated. All of the examined materials exhibited powerful antifungal activity against B. cinerea. The most ef ...
DOI:
10.1111/1750-3841.12247

14. Mycotoxins: Occurrence, toxicology, and exposure assessment

Author:
Marin, S.; Ramos, A.J.; Cano-Sancho, G.; Sanchis, V.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2013 v.60 pp. 218-237
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
biomarkers; crops; exposure assessment; fungi; mycotoxins; raw materials
Abstract:
... Mycotoxins are abiotic hazards produced by certain fungi that can grow on a variety of crops. Consequently, their prevalence in plant raw materials may be relatively high. The concentration of mycotoxins in finished products is usually lower than in raw materials. In this review, occurrence and toxicology of the main mycotoxins are summarised. Furthermore, methodological approaches for exposure as ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.047

15. Overexpression of the Tomato 13-Lipoxygenase Gene TomloxD Increases Generation of Endogenous Jasmonic Acid and Resistance to Cladosporium fulvum and High Temperature

Author:
Hu, Tingzhang; Zeng, Hua; Hu, Zongli; Qv, Xiaoxiao; Chen, Guoping
Source:
Plant molecular biology reporter 2013 v.31 no.5 pp. 1141-1149
ISSN:
0735-9640
Subject:
tomatoes; gene overexpression; growth and development; jasmonic acid; transgenic plants; linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase; Passalora fulva; fungi; genes; abiotic stress; Solanum; temperature; pathogens; crops
Abstract:
... Expression of the tomato gene encoding 13-lipoxygenase,TomloxD, is stimulated by wounding, pathogen infection, jasmonate, and systemin, but its role during growth and development of tomato (Lycopersicon Spp.) remains unclear. To assess the physiological role of TomloxD, we produced transgenic tomato plants with greatly increased TomloxD content using sense constructs under the control of the CaMV ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11105-013-0581-4

16. Relative Canopy Height Influences Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Seed Viability, Dormancy, and Germination

Author:
Lehnhoff, Erik A.; Miller, Zachariah J.; Brelsford, Monica J.; White, Sherry; Maxwell, Bruce D.
Source:
Weed science 2013 v.61 no.4 pp. 564-569
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Avena fatua; Hordeum vulgare; bacteria; barley; canopy; crops; demography; dormancy; environmental factors; fungi; oats; overstory; pathogens; seed germination; seeds; understory; viability; weeds; Montana
Abstract:
... The environment in which a plant grows (maternal environment) can affect seed viability, germination, and dormancy. We assessed the effects of maternal environment on wild oat seed viability, germination, dormancy, and pathogen infection by collecting and analyzing wild oat seed from above and below a barley canopy at three field sites in Montana. The viability of wild oat seed collected below a c ...
DOI:
10.1614/WS-D-13-00084.1

17. Tomato Below Ground–Above Ground Interactions: Trichoderma longibrachiatum Affects the Performance of Macrosiphum euphorbiae and Its Natural Antagonists

Author:
Battaglia, Donatella; Bossi, Simone; Cascone, Pasquale; Digilio, Maria Cristina; Prieto, Juliana Duran; Fanti, Paolo; Guerrieri, Emilio; Iodice, Luigi; Lingua, Guido; Lorito, Matteo; Maffei, Massimo E.; Massa, Nadia; Ruocco, Michelina; Sasso, Raffaele; Trotta, Vincenzo
Source:
Molecular plant-microbe interactions 2013 v.26 no.10 pp. 1249-1256
ISSN:
0894-0282
Subject:
Aphidius ervi; Macrolophus; Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Solanum lycopersicum; Trichoderma longibrachiatum; antagonists; bioassays; biological control; crops; fungi; parasitoids; population growth; reproduction; roots; tomatoes; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... Below ground and above ground plant–insect–microorganism interactions are complex and regulate most of the developmental responses of important crop plants such as tomato. We investigated the influence of root colonization by a nonmycorrhizal plant-growth-promoting fungus on direct and indirect defenses of tomato plant against aphids. The multitrophic system included the plant Solanum lycopersicum ...
DOI:
10.1094/MPMI-02-13-0059-R

18. Anionic Antimicrobial and Anticancer Peptides from Plants

Author:
Prabhu, Saurabh; Dennison, Sarah R.; Lea, Bob; Snape, Timothy J.; Nicholl, Iain D.; Radecka, Iza; Harris, Frederick
Source:
Critical reviews in plant sciences 2013 v.32 no.5 pp. 303-320
ISSN:
1549-7836
Subject:
innate immunity; cell walls; adaptive immunity; DNA; defense mechanisms; medicinal plants; antimicrobial peptides; antineoplastic agents; fungi; disinfection; plasma membrane; toxins; anti-infective agents; cysteine; crops
Abstract:
... Anionic antimicrobial peptides (AAMPs) have been identified in a wide variety of plant species with net charges that range between −1 and −7 and structures that include: extended conformations, α-helical architecture and cysteine stabilized scaffolds. These peptides commonly exist as multiple isoforms within a given plant and have a range of biological activities including the ability to kill canc ...
DOI:
10.1080/07352689.2013.773238

19. Colonization of Clonostachys rosea on soybean root grown in media inoculated with Fusarium graminearum

Author:
Pan, F.; Xue, Allen G.; McLaughlin, Neil B.; Li, S.; Xu, Y.; Zhao, D.; Qu, H.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2013 v.63 no.6 pp. 564-569
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Clonostachys rosea; Fusarium graminearum; biological control agents; crops; fungi; growing media; plant pathogens; planting; root rot; roots; soybeans; tap roots; Canada
Abstract:
... Soybean root rot, caused by Fusarium graminearum , is an important disease in Canada. Clonostachys rosea has been reported to provide protection against plant pathogens in different crops. The objectives of this study were to determine if a strain of C. rosea , ACM 941, can colonize soybean root that were grown in media inoculated with F. graminearum , and to determine if the distribution of C. ro ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2013.816768

20. Fumonisins in plant-origin food and fodder – a review

Author:
Bryła, Marcin; Roszko, Marek; Szymczyk, Krystyna; Jędrzejczak, Renata; Obiedziński, Mieczysław W.; Sękul, Janusz
Source:
Food additives & contaminants 2013 v.30 no.9 pp. 1626-1640
ISSN:
1944-0057
Subject:
Fusarium; Sphingomonas; climate; corn; crops; enzymes; esophagus; feeds; foods; forage; fumonisins; fungi; humans; isothiocyanates; lactic acid bacteria; markets; peptidoglycans; risk; scientists
Abstract:
... Fumonisins are mycotoxins produced by the Fusarium group of fungi commonly found on crops, mainly on maize. Some data suggest that as much as 25% of world crops may be lost because of mycotoxin contamination. Therefore, researchers in many countries (particularly in those in which relatively large amounts of maize are directly consumed by humans) are concerned with fumonisin levels in plant-origin ...
DOI:
10.1080/19440049.2013.809624
PubMed:
23837439