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1. Effectiveness of treatment of iron deficiency anemia in rats with squid ink melanin–Fe

Author:
Wang, Fu-Rong; Xie, Zhong-Guo; Ye, Xing-Qian; Deng, Shang-Gui; Hu, Ya-Qin; Guo, Xin; Chen, Shi-Guo
Source:
Food & function 2013 v.5 no.1 pp. 123-128
ISSN:
2042-650X
Subject:
adverse effects; binding capacity; bioavailability; blood serum; diet; erythropoietin; ferric chloride; ferritin; ferrous sulfate; hemoglobin; intragastric administration; iron; iron deficiency anemia; liver; males; models; nutrient deficiencies; rats; spleen; squid; transferrin receptors; weanlings
Abstract:
... Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the one of the most common nutritional problems and is encountered all over the world. This study analysed the effects of squid ink melanin–Fe (SM–Fe) on IDA in rats. Forty weanling SD male rats were used and thirty-two rats were fed an iron-deficient diet for 4 weeks. Then SM–Fe (dosages of iron is 6 mg kg⁻¹ BW) was given to the IDA rats once a day for 3 weeks by i ...
DOI:
10.1039/c3fo60383k

2. Sources of variation in nutrient intake and the number of days to assess usual intake among men and women in the Seoul metropolitan area, Korea

Author:
Kim, Dong Woo; Kyung Park, Min; Kim, Jeongseon; Oh, Kyungwon; Joung, Hyojee; Lee, Jung Eun; Paik, Hee Young
Source:
The British journal of nutrition 2013 v.110 no.11 pp. 2098-2107
ISSN:
1475-2662
Subject:
Koreans; Western diets; adults; age; correlation; energy; females; food intake; males; men; models; nutrient intake; nutrients; women; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... Sources of variation in nutrient intake have been examined for Western diets, but little is known about the sources of variation and their differences by age and sex among Koreans. We examined sources of variation in nutrient intake and calculated the number of days needed to estimate usual intake using 12 d of dietary records (DR). To this end, four 3 d DR including two weekdays and one weekend d ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114513001554
PubMed:
23745792

3. Ethnobotanical survey on medicinal plants used by Guinean traditional healers in the treatment of malaria

Author:
Traore, M.S.; Baldé, M.A.; Diallo, M.S.T.; Baldé, E.S.; Diané, S.; Camara, A.; Diallo, A.; Balde, A.; Keïta, A.; Keita, S.M.; Oularé, K.; Magassouba, F.B.; Diakité, I.; Diallo, A.; Pieters, L.; Baldé, A.M.
Source:
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2013 v.150 no.3 pp. 1145-1153
ISSN:
0378-8741
Subject:
Annona senegalensis; Harungana madagascariensis; Nauclea; Parkia biglobosa; Terminalia; Vismia; bark; females; interviews; leaves; maceration; malaria; males; medicinal plants; models; questionnaires; roots; surveys; Guinea
Abstract:
... ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The objective of the present study was to collect and document information on herbal remedies traditionally used for the treatment of malaria in Guinea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The survey was carried out from May 2008 to September 2010 and targeted traditional medical practitioners and herbalists. The questionnaire and oral interviews were based on the standardized m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.048
PubMed:
24184265

4. Suicide among male prisoners in France: A prospective population-based study

Author:
Duthé, Géraldine; Hazard, Angélique; Kensey, Annie; Pan Ké Shon, Jean-Louis
Source:
Forensic science international 2013 v.233 pp. 273-277
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
adults; correctional institutions; forensic sciences; males; models; prospective studies; risk factors; suicide; France
Abstract:
... Suicide rates are high among prisoners but little is known about the precise weight of each risk factor.We collected data on the periods of imprisonment of all adult males incarcerated in France between 1 January, 2006 and 15 July, 2009. We used survival analyses from the incarceration to its end, censored by the observation period. We calculated suicide rates and performed a Cox model to assess t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.09.014

5. Very Low Carbohydrate Diet Significantly Alters the Serum Metabolic Profiles in Obese Subjects

Author:
Gu, Yunjuan; Zhao, Aihua; Huang, Fengjie; Zhang, Yinan; Liu, Jiajian; Wang, Congrong; Jia, Wei; Xie, Guoxiang; Jia, Weiping
Source:
Journal of Proteome Research 2013 v.12 no.12 pp. 5801-5811
ISSN:
1535-3907
Subject:
amines; amino acid metabolism; arachidonic acid; biomarkers; blood serum; branched chain amino acids; carbohydrates; females; homeostasis; inflammation; liquid chromatography; low carbohydrate diet; males; mass spectrometry; metabolites; metabolomics; models; nutritional intervention; obesity; oxidation; weight loss
Abstract:
... Emerging evidence has consistently shown that a very low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) can protect against the development of obesity, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we applied a comprehensive metabonomics approach using ultraperformance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry to study the ef ...
DOI:
10.1021/pr4008199
PubMed:
24224694
PubMed Central:
PMC6088239

6. Pleiotropic effects of ZmLAZY1 on the auxin-mediated responses to gravity and light in maize shoot and inflorescences

Author:
Dong, Zhaobin; Jin, Weiwei
Source:
Plant signaling & behavior 2013 v.8 no.12 pp. e27452
ISSN:
1559-2324
Subject:
Zea mays; auxins; corn; crops; females; flowering; genes; gravitropism; gravity; inflorescences; males; models; molecular cloning; morphogenesis; mutants; pleiotropy
Abstract:
... Auxin has been found to control both gravitropism and inflorescence development in plant. Auxin transport has also been demonstrated to be responsible for tropism. Maize, a key agricultural crop, has distinct male (tassel) and female (ear) inflorescence, and this morphogenesis depends on auxin maximum and gradient. The classic maize mutant lazy plant1 (la1) has defective gravitropic response. The ...
DOI:
10.4161/psb.27452
PubMed:
24389746
PubMed Central:
PMC4091251

7. A moral basis for recycling: Extending the theory of planned behaviour

Author:
Chan, Lucy; Bishop, Brian
Source:
Journal of environmental psychology 2013 v.36 pp. 96-102
ISSN:
0272-4944
Subject:
attitudes and opinions; factor analysis; females; males; models; path analysis; psychology; recycling; students; variance
Abstract:
... With evidence suggesting conservation attitudes and moral norms lack discriminant validity, the study's aim was to test if this could be established for recycling, as well as how moral norms can extend the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). A sample of 271 participants that consisted predominantly of students was obtained for this correlational study (117 males and 154 females, M age = 24 years). ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.07.010

8. Co-effect of Demand-control-support Model and Effort-reward Imbalance Model on Depression Risk Estimation in Humans: Findings from Henan Province of China

Author:
YU, Shan Fa; NAKATA, Akinori; GU, Gui Zhen; SWANSON, Naomi G; ZHOU, Wen Hui; HE, Li Hua; WANG, Sheng
Source:
Biomedical and environmental sciences 2013 v.26 no.12 pp. 962-971
ISSN:
0895-3988
Subject:
business enterprises; cross-sectional studies; epidemiological studies; factories; females; humans; males; mental depression; models; questionnaires; risk; risk estimate; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); social support; China
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To investigate the co-effect of Demand-control-support (DCS) model and Effort-reward Imbalance (ERI) model on the risk estimation of depression in humans in comparison with the effects when they are used respectively. METHODS: A total of 3 632 males and 1 706 females from 13 factories and companies in Henan province were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Perceived job stress was ...
DOI:
10.3967/bes2013.031
PubMed:
24393505
PubMed Central:
PMC4701206

9. Comparison of cytoskeletal integrity, fertilization and developmental competence of oocytes vitrified before or after in vitro maturation in a porcine model

Author:
Egerszegi, István; Somfai, Tamás; Nakai, Michiko; Tanihara, Fuminori; Noguchi, Junko; Kaneko, Hiroyuki; Nagai, Takashi; Rátky, József; Kikuchi, Kazuhiro
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 287-292
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
actin; blastocyst; confocal microscopy; fertilizer rates; germinal vesicle; in vitro fertilization; males; metaphase; microtubules; models; pronucleus; survival rate; swine; viability; vitrification
Abstract:
... Aim of the study was to investigate the effect of vitrification on viability, cytoskeletal integrity and in vitro developmental competence after in vitro fertilization (IVF) of oocytes vitrified before or after in vitro maturation (IVM) using a pig model. Oocytes from abattoir-derived porcine ovaries were vitrified at either the germinal vesicle (GV) or metaphase II (MII) stage by modified solid s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.08.009

10. Current status of substance abuse and HIV infection in Japan

Author:
Wada, Kiyoshi; Funada, Masahiko; Matsumoto, Toshihiko; Shimane, Takuya
Source:
Yàowù shípǐn fēnxī 2013 v.21 no.4 pp. S33
ISSN:
1021-9498
Subject:
HIV infections; Human immunodeficiency virus; behavior disorders; drug abuse; drugs; intravenous injection; males; models; patients; solvents; Japan
Abstract:
... Japan has experienced an epidemic of methamphetamine (MAP) abuse three times: the first epidemic was from 1951 to 1957, the second epidemic was from 1970 to 1994, and the third epidemic started in 1995 and continues today. Fortunately, HIV infection is not as serious a problem in Japan as it is in other countries. The major route of HIV infection in Japan has been through male homosexual transmiss ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jfda.2013.09.030
PubMed:
25278734
PubMed Central:
PMC4179209

11. Dexamethasone Immunosuppression Resulting in Turkey Clostridial Dermatitis: A Retrospective Analysis of Seven Studies, 1998–2009

Author:
Huff, G. R.; Huff, W. E.; Rath, N. C.
Source:
Avian diseases 2013 v.57 no.4 pp. 730-736
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Clostridium; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; adolescents; bacterial infections; cellulitis; dermatitis; dexamethasone; diuresis; flocks; intestines; males; models; osteomyelitis; pathogens; poultry diseases; turkeys; viruses
Abstract:
... We have studied the etiology of turkey osteomyelitis complex (TOC) for the past 20 yr and have determined that this syndrome is caused by the inability of some fast-growing male turkeys to cope with production stressors. Although immunosuppressive viruses have often been associated with susceptibility to gangrenous dermatitis (cellulitis), we hypothesize that production stressors alone can also un ...
DOI:
10.1637/10522-030113-Reg.1

12. Effects of Radio Collars on Survival and Lekking Behavior of Male Greater Sage-Grouse

Author:
Gibson, Daniel; Blomberg, Erik J.; Patricelli, Gail L.; Krakauer, Alan H.; Atamian, Michael T.; Sedinger, James S.
Source:
The Condor 2013 v.115 no.4 pp. 769-776
ISSN:
1938-5422
Subject:
Centrocercus urophasianus; birds; demographic statistics; lekking; males; models; monitoring; radio; radio frequency identification; satellites; telemetry
Abstract:
... Monitoring of birds often requires the use of very-high-frequency radios or satellite telemetry to enhance detectability of individuals. An assumption implicit in such studies is that radio-marked individuals are representative of the population at whole, which requires that radios do not influence an individual's behavior or demographics. We present results from a capture—mark—recapture study of ...
DOI:
10.1525/cond.2013.120176

13. Gender bias in the convergence dynamics of the regional homicide rates in Mexico

Author:
Valdivia, Marcos; Castro, Roberto
Source:
Applied geography 2013 v.45 pp. 280-291
ISSN:
0143-6228
Subject:
drugs; females; geography; males; men; models; modernization; prediction; violence; women; Mexico
Abstract:
... The geography of violence in Mexico has changed in recent years because of an explosive increase in regional homicide rates since 2006. This study relies on spatial statistical data analysis to address the issue of convergence in homicide victim rates across Mexican municipalities from 2001 to 2010. Based on the results of spatial panel modeling, we conclude that despite strong regional disparitie ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.09.015

14. Genetic sexing of stock-raiding leopards: not only males to blame

Author:
Kerth, Gerald; Gusset, Markus; Garbely, Jari; König, Barbara; Gabanapelo, Tefo; Schiess-Meier, Monika
Source:
Conservation genetics resources 2013 v.5 no.4 pp. 1101-1105
ISSN:
1877-7252
Subject:
microsatellite repeats; Panthera pardus; farmers; males; models; predators; sex determination analysis; livestock; predation; population dynamics; issues and policy; females; Botswana
Abstract:
... Lethal control of stock-raiding predators is generally assumed to have fewer consequences for the species’ population dynamics if it involves males only. However, very little data are available that assess whether shot “problem” animals indeed are essentially males. In this study, we used two independent genetic methods (four X-chromosomal polymorphic microsatellite loci and the sex-specific ZFXY ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12686-013-9979-4

15. Habitat selection by breeding rock ptarmigan Lagopus muta helvetica males in the western Italian Alps

Author:
Nelli, Luca; Meriggi, Alberto; Franzoi, Alessandro
Source:
Wildlife biology 2013 v.19 no.4 pp. 382-389
ISSN:
0909-6396
Subject:
Lagopus muta helvetica; Rhododendron; Vaccinium myrtillus; altitude; birds; blueberries; breeding; correlation; forests; grasslands; habitat preferences; land classification; land cover; males; managers; models; phytosociology; shrublands; solar radiation; spring; surveys; wildlife; Alps region
Abstract:
... Knowledge of resource selection patterns can provide important information for species conservation. During spring 2010 and 2011, we investigated habitat selection by territorial rock ptarmigan Lagopus muta helvetica males in a protected area of the western Italian Alps. We located males from 30 randomly selected survey points, and we measured the proportions of cover-type categories found within ...
DOI:
10.2981/13-009

16. High Dispersal and Generalist Habits of the Bat Artibeus jamaicensis on Cozumel Island, Mexico: An Assessment Using Molecular Genetics

Author:
Vázquez-Domínguez, Ella; Mendoza-Martínez, Arturo; Orozco-Lugo, Lorena; Cuarón, Alfredo D.
Source:
Acta chiropterologica 2013 v.15 no.2 pp. 411-421
ISSN:
1733-5329
Subject:
Artibeus jamaicensis; females; genetic variation; habitats; introduced species; islands; males; mating systems; microsatellite repeats; models; philopatry; polygyny; population structure; prediction; tropical forests; urbanization; Mexico
Abstract:
... Islands and insular biotas have been recognized as ideal models for studying adaptive radiations and evolutionary processes. In the present study we investigated the Jamaican fruit-eating bat, Artibeus jamaicensis from Cozumel Island, to evaluate the effect of ecological features on genetic diversity and structure across three different environments, semi-evergreen tropical forest, mangrove, and c ...
DOI:
10.3161/150811013X679035

17. Medaka fish exhibits longevity gender gap, a natural drop in estrogen and telomere shortening during aging: a unique model for studying sex-dependent longevity

Author:
Gopalakrishnan, Singaram; Cheung, Napo KM; Yip, Bill WP; Au, Doris WT
Source:
Frontiers in zoology 2013 v.10 no.1 pp. 78
ISSN:
1742-9994
Subject:
cell death; liver; longevity; women; males; models; gender differences; model validation; ovariectomy; Oryzias latipes; mortality; telomerase; fish; postmenopause; rodents; females; breast neoplasms; prediction
Abstract:
... INTRODUCTION: Females having a longer telomere and lifespan than males have been documented in many animals. Such linkage however has never been reported in fish. Progressive shortening of telomere length is an important aging mechanism. Mounting in vitro evidence has shown that telomere shortening beyond a critical length triggered replicative senescence or cell death. Estrogen has been postulate ...
DOI:
10.1186/1742-9994-10-78
PubMed:
24364913
PubMed Central:
PMC3878272

18. Network structure and prevalence of Cryptosporidium in Belding’s ground squirrels

Author:
VanderWaal, Kimberly L.; Atwill, Edward R.; Hooper, Stacie; Buckle, Kelly; McCowan, Brenda
Source:
Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 2013 v.67 no.12 pp. 1951-1959
ISSN:
0340-5443
Subject:
Cryptosporidium; Spermophilus; correlation; males; models; parasites; pathogens; wildlife
Abstract:
... Although pathogen transmission dynamics are profoundly affected by population social and spatial structure, few studies have empirically demonstrated the population-level implications of such structure in wildlife. In particular, epidemiological models predict that the extent to which contact patterns are clustered decreases a pathogen’s ability to spread throughout an entire population, but this ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00265-013-1602-x

19. Plumage Coloration of the Blue Grosbeak has no Dual Function: A Test of the Armament—Ornament Model of Sexual Selection

Author:
Quesada, Javier; Chávez-Zichinelli, Carlos Alberto; Senar, Juan Carlos; Schondube, Jorge Ernesto
Source:
The Condor 2013 v.115 no.4 pp. 902-909
ISSN:
1938-5422
Subject:
Passerina; aggression; birds; color; females; foraging; males; mating behavior; models; plumage; sexual selection; socioeconomic status
Abstract:
... Although plumage coloration has been widely used as a model in studies of the evolution of signaling, the role of plumage in intrasexual communication has been less studied, especially in cases of the structural plumage color. The aim of our study was to use choice trials and plumage manipulation to test whether or not the structural blue color of the male Blue Grosbeak (Passerina caerulea) works ...
DOI:
10.1525/cond.2013.120009

20. Study on the antiulcer effects of Veronicastrum axillare on gastric ulcer in rats induced by ethanol based on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and endothelin-1 (ET-1)

Author:
Du, Yong; Zhao, Weichun; Lu, Leilei; Zheng, Jiayan; Hu, Xishi; Yu, Zhehan; Zhu, Lixin
Source:
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013 v.3 pp. 925-930
ISSN:
2221-1691
Subject:
anti-ulcer activity; apoptosis; endothelins; ethanol; gene expression; histology; intragastric administration; males; messenger RNA; models; stomach ulcers; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... To assess whether Veronicastrum axillare (V. axillare) can ameliorate ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats, reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suppress apoptosis and improve local microcirculation disturbances.Totally 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups, eight rats in each group. Rats in the normal group and the model group were administer ...
DOI:
10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60180-X
PubMed:
24093781
PubMed Central:
PMC3804741

21. The Biparental Pattern of Incubation and its Relationship to Food Availability in the Yellow-Legged Gull Larus Michahellis

Author:
Igual, José Manuel; Oro, Daniel; Tavecchia, Giacomo
Source:
Ardeola 2013 v.60 no.2 pp. 365-370
ISSN:
0570-7358
Subject:
Larus michahellis; diurnal variation; females; food availability; landfills; males; models; nests; probability
Abstract:
... We examined the incubation pattern of yellow-legged gulls Lar us michahellis at a colony in the Balearic Archipelago. Incubating gulls were captured at the nest at different times of day. We found that, on average, males attend the nest less than females. Male or female attendance had a marked diurnal pattern: males seem to show a progressive increase in the probability of incubation until the cen ...
DOI:
10.13157/arla.60.2.2013.365

22. The effects of 8 weeks of whey or rice protein supplementation on body composition and exercise performance

Author:
Joy, Jordan M; Lowery, Ryan P; Wilson, Jacob M; Purpura, Martin; De Souza, Eduardo O; Wilson, Stephanie MC; Kalman, Douglas S; Dudeck, Joshua E; Jäger, Ralf
Source:
Nutrition journal 2013 v.12 no.1 pp. 665
ISSN:
1475-2891
Subject:
strength training; body protein; ultrasonography; protein supplements; analysis of variance; muscles; males; models; skeletal muscle; whey protein isolate; legs; rice protein; lean body mass; hypertrophy
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Consumption of moderate amounts of animal-derived protein has been shown to differently influence skeletal muscle hypertrophy during resistance training when compared with nitrogenous and isoenergetic amounts of plant-based protein administered in small to moderate doses. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine if the post-exercise consumption of rice protein isolate could ...
DOI:
10.1186/1475-2891-12-86
PubMed:
23782948
PubMed Central:
PMC3698202

23. The role of tusks, musth and body size in male–male competition among Asian elephants, Elephas maximus

Author:
Chelliah, Karpagam; Sukumar, Raman
Source:
Animal behaviour 2013 v.86 no.6 pp. 1207-1214
ISSN:
0003-3472
Subject:
Elephas maximus; adults; animal behavior; artificial selection; body size; dry season; males; mating behavior; models; probability; sexual selection; India
Abstract:
... The evolution of sexually dimorphic, elaborate male traits that are seemingly maladaptive may be driven by sexual selection (male–male competition and or female mate choice). Tusk possession in the Asian elephant is sexually dimorphic and exaggerated but its role in male–male competition has not yet been determined. We examined the role of the tusks in establishing dominance along with two other k ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.09.022

24. 071 Towards the eternal life for Daphnia magna clones

Author:
Putman, Adinda; Panis, Bart; Meester, Luc De
Source:
Cryobiology 2013 v.67 no.3 pp. 417-418
ISSN:
0011-2240
Subject:
Daphnia magna; Nematoda; asexual reproduction; clones; cryopreservation; cryoprotectants; droplets; drought; ecotoxicology; eggs; evolutionary biology; females; freezing; frost; glycerol; ice; labor; males; models; mortality; nitrogen; parthenogenesis; population growth; risk; screening; sexual reproduction; solutes; spring; summer; thawing; toxicity; trehalose; viability; vitrification; water content
Abstract:
... Daphnia magna is an important model organism for ecology, evolutionary biology and ecotoxicology. One of the main advantages of using Daphnia in research lies in its mode of reproduction. The life cycle of Daphnia is characterized by an alternation of sexual and asexual reproduction, called cyclic parthenogenesis, which enables researchers to work with clonal lines and provides an unlimited amount ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.09.077

25. Ketocarotenoid circulation, but not retinal carotenoid accumulation, is linked to eye disease status in a wild songbird

Author:
McGraw, Kevin J.; Giraudeau, Mathieu; Hill, Geoffrey E.; Toomey, Matthew B.; Staley, Molly
Source:
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 2013 v.539 no.2 pp. 156-162
ISSN:
0003-9861
Subject:
Fringillidae; Mycoplasma gallisepticum; antioxidants; biomarkers; carotenoids; coccidiosis; color; conjunctivitis; death; filters; immunostimulants; males; models; molting; pigments; plumage; retina; songbirds; North America
Abstract:
... Pathogenic or parasitic infections pose numerous physiological challenges to organisms. Carotenoid pigments have often been used as biomarkers of disease state and impact because they integrate multiple aspects of an individual’s condition and nutritional and health state. Some diseases are known to influence carotenoid uptake from food (e.g. coccidiosis) and carotenoid use (e.g. as antioxidants/i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.abb.2013.09.015

26. Glycaemic index, carbohydrate substitution for fat and risk of CHD in men

Author:
Similä, Minna E.; Kontto, Jukka P.; Männistö, Satu; Valsta, Liisa M.; Virtamo, Jarmo
Source:
The British journal of nutrition 2013 v.110 no.9 pp. 1704-1711
ISSN:
1475-2662
Subject:
alpha-tocopherol; beta-carotene; carbohydrates; diet; energy intake; fatty acid composition; glycemic index; males; men; models; myocardial infarction; nutrient density; nutrition risk assessment; risk reduction; trans fatty acids
Abstract:
... We have examined the associations between dietary glycaemic index (GI), substitutions of total, low-, medium- and high-GI carbohydrates for fat and the risk of CHD. The study consisted of 21 955 male smokers, aged 50–69 years, within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. The diet was assessed at baseline using a validated FFQ. During a 19-year follow-up, 4379 CHD cases (2377 ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114513000858
PubMed:
23534456

27. Taxonomic revision of Madagascan Rhantus (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Colymbetinae) with an emphasis on Manjakatompo as a conservation priority

Author:
Hjalmarsson, Anna Emilia; Bukontaite, Rasa; Ranarilalatiana, Tolotra; Randriamihaja, Jacquelin Herisahala; Bergsten, Johannes
Source:
ZooKeys 2013 v.350 pp. 21-45
ISSN:
1313-2970
Subject:
DNA; Rhantus; claws; cytochrome-c oxidase; forests; highlands; holotypes; lectotypes; male genitalia; males; models; mountains; museums; new species; taxonomic revisions; Madagascar
Abstract:
... We review the diving-beetle genus Rhantus Dejean of Madagascar (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Colymbetinae) based on museum collection holdings and recently collected expedition material. Both morphology and DNA is used to test species boundaries, in particular whether newly collected material from the Tsaratanana mountains in the north represent a new species or are conspecific with Rhantus manjakatomp ...
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.350.6127

28. Modeling PCB-Bioaccumulation in the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus): Estimating a Dietary Threshold Concentration

Author:
Hickie, Brendan E.; Cadieux, Marc A.; Riehl, Kimberly N.; Bossart, Gregory D.; Alava, Juan José; Fair, Patricia A.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2013 v.47 no.21 pp. 12314-12324
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Tursiops truncatus; adults; adverse effects; bioaccumulation; cumulative distribution; dolphins; females; fish; juveniles; lipids; males; model validation; models; polychlorinated biphenyls; predators; prediction; risk; surveys; South Carolina
Abstract:
... An individually based (IB) model to predict PCB concentrations in the bottlenose dolphin population of Charleston, SC, USA, was developed with the aim to gain a better understanding of the bioaccumulation behavior and health risk of dietary PCBs across the population and their prey. PCB concentrations predicted in male and female bottlenose dolphin were in good agreement with observed tissue conce ...
DOI:
10.1021/es403166b

29. Investigation of diabetes mellitus in Burmese cats as an inherited trait: a preliminary study

Author:
O'Leary, CA; Duffy, DL; Gething, MA; McGuckin, C; Rand, JS
Source:
New Zealand veterinary journal 2013 v.61 no.6 pp. 354-358
ISSN:
1176-0710
Subject:
alleles; blood glucose; cats; computer software; dominant genes; females; gene frequency; genome-wide association study; heritability; inbreeding; insulin; loci; major genes; males; models; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; parents; pedigree; penetrance; progeny; risk; New Zealand
Abstract:
... AIM: To investigate, in a pilot study, a possible genetic component to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in Burmese cats in New Zealand by analysing pedigree data. METHODS: Pedigrees were obtained for 305 Burmese cats living in New Zealand; diabetes was diagnosed in 19 of these due to presence of polyuria and polydipsia, persistent concentrations of glucose in plasma >16 mmol/L and glucosuria prior t ...
DOI:
10.1080/00480169.2013.817295

30. Lysophosphatidic acid induces reactive oxygen species generation by activating protein kinase C in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells

Author:
Lin, Chu-Cheng; Lin, Chuan-En; Lin, Yueh-Chien; Ju, Tsai-Kai; Huang, Yuan-Li; Lee, Ming-Shyue; Chen, Jiun-Hong; Lee, Hsinyu
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2013 v.440 pp. 564-569
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming); NADP (coenzyme); adhesion; flow cytometry; humans; males; models; neoplasm cells; phospholipase C; prostatic neoplasms; protein kinase C; reactive oxygen species; receptors; small interfering RNA; transfection; vascular endothelial growth factors
Abstract:
... Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in males, and PC-3 is a cell model popularly used for investigating the behavior of late stage prostate cancer. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lysophospholipid that mediates multiple behaviors in cancer cells, such as proliferation, migration and adhesion. We have previously demonstrated that LPA enhances vascular endothelial growth ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.09.104

31. Adapting to the gender order: Voluntary conservation by forest owners in Finland

Author:
Vainio, Annukka; Paloniemi, Riikka
Source:
Land use policy 2013 v.35 pp. 247-256
ISSN:
0264-8377
Subject:
biodiversity; equations; females; forestry; forests; interviews; issues and policy; males; models; natural resources conservation; politics; Finland
Abstract:
... In this article we explore the hidden gender order of the biodiversity policy and, in particular, the social and societal positions offered to male and female forest owners in voluntary conservation. Two studies were conducted in the region where the National Biodiversity Program for Southern Finland (“METSO”) has been implemented. Study 1 focused on forest owners’ discursive practices that constr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.05.017

32. A novel application of Approximate Bayesian Computation for detecting male reproductive advantages due to mating order

Author:
Duryea, M. Catherine; Kern, Andrew D.; Cox, Robert M.; Calsbeek, Ryan
Source:
Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 2013 v.67 no.11 pp. 1867-1875
ISSN:
0340-5443
Subject:
Anolis; lizards; males; models; paternity; progeny; sexual selection; statistical analysis
Abstract:
... Studies of the effects of mating order on fertilization success, classically analyzed as the proportional paternity of the second male, have advanced our understanding of the relative influences of postcopulatory male-male competition and female choice on sexual selection. However, results from these studies are often difficult to analyze because (1) distributions of offspring per dam rarely follo ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00265-013-1612-8

33. Bone histology as an approach to providing data on certain key life history traits in mammals: Implications for conservation biology

Author:
Marín-Moratalla, Nekane; Jordana, Xavier; Köhler, Meike
Source:
Mammalian biology = 2013 v.78 no.6 pp. 422-429
ISSN:
1616-5047
Subject:
Addax nasomaculatus; adults; antelopes; bones; case studies; data collection; death; dimorphism; females; growth rings; health status; histology; issues and policy; longevity; males; models; population; reproduction; risk assessment; sexual maturity; wildlife management; zoos
Abstract:
... The knowledge of the life histories of wild mammals is of crucial importance in the field of conservation management. The endangered status of many species calls for faster data collection that can be used in risk assessment and, ultimately, for designing conservation policies. This study is pioneering the potential of bone histology to provide data on life history traits crucial for conservation ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mambio.2013.07.079

34. Combining camera-trapping and noninvasive genetic data in a spatial capture–recapture framework improves density estimates for the jaguar

Author:
Sollmann, Rahel; Tôrres, Natália Mundim; Furtado, Mariana Malzoni; de Almeida Jácomo, Anah Tereza; Palomares, Francisco; Roques, Severine; Silveira, Leandro
Source:
Biological conservation 2013 v.167 pp. 242-247
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
Panthera onca; data collection; ecology; females; males; models; researchers; sampling; spatial data; surveys; threatened species; Brazil
Abstract:
... Abundance and density are key pieces of information for questions related to ecology and conservation. These quantities, however, are difficult to obtain for rare and elusive species, where even intensive sampling effort can yield sparse data. Here, we combine data from camera-trapping and noninvasive genetic sampling (scat surveys) of a jaguar population in the Caatinga of northeastern Brazil, wh ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2013.08.003

35. Comparison of MCMC algorithms for the estimation of Tobit model with non-normal error: The case of asymmetric Laplace distribution

Author:
Wichitaksorn, Nuttanan; Tsurumi, Hiroki
Source:
Computational statistics & data analysis 2013 v.67 pp. 226-235
ISSN:
0167-9473
Subject:
Markov chain; algorithms; data collection; males; models; probability distribution; surveys
Abstract:
... The analysis of Tobit model with non-normal error distribution is extended to the case of asymmetric Laplace distribution (ALD). Since the ALD probability density function is known to be continuous but not differentiable, the usual mode-finding algorithms such as maximum likelihood can be difficult and result in the inconsistent parameter estimates. Various Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms incl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.csda.2013.06.003

36. Effect of Asian dust storms on daily mortality in seven metropolitan cities of Korea

Author:
Lee, Hyewon; Kim, Ho; Honda, Yasushi; Lim, Youn-Hee; Yi, Seungmuk
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2013 v.79 pp. 510-517
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
adverse effects; atmospheric chemistry; cities; dust storms; males; meta-analysis; models; morbidity; mortality; nitrogen dioxide; relative humidity; sulfur dioxide; temperature; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... The adverse effects of dust storms on health have been a major issue in several countries. A substantial number of studies have found significant associations between dust storms and morbidity such as emergency visits and hospitalizations. However, the results of the studies on the association between dust storms and mortality are inconsistent. In Korea, no study has found statistically significan ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.06.046

37. Effects of male trophy hunting on female carnivore population growth and persistence

Author:
Wielgus, Robert B.; Morrison, Dana Eleanor; Cooley, Hilary S.; Maletzke, Ben
Source:
Biological conservation 2013 v.167 pp. 69-75
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
Ursus; kittens; reproduction; immigration; males; models; Puma concolor; mortality; population growth; fish; carnivores; females; wildlife; demographic statistics
Abstract:
... Carnivore populations are often managed based on the density dependent, compensatory mortality model, which suggests that trophy hunting of males causes an increase in female reproductive success, survival, and population growth. Our previous research on grizzly bears (Ursus acrtos) and cougars (Puma concolor) showed that increased mortality of males resulted in no net reduction in males due to in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2013.07.008

38. Evaluation of an oscillometric blood pressure monitor for use in anesthetized sheep

Author:
Trim, Cynthia M; Hofmeister, Erik H; Peroni, John F; Thoresen, Merrilee
Source:
Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia 2013 v.40 no.6 pp. e31
ISSN:
1467-2987
Subject:
adults; anesthesia; blood pressure; buprenorphine; catheters; females; fentanyl; hypotension; isoflurane; ketamine; lidocaine; males; metatarsus; models; sheep
Abstract:
... To determine the accuracy of an oscillometric blood pressure monitor in anesthetized sheep.Prospective study.Twenty healthy adult sheep, 11 males and nine females, weighing 63.6 ± 8.6 kg.After premedication with buprenorphine or transdermal fentanyl, anesthesia was induced with ketamine‐midazolam and maintained with isoflurane and ketamine, 1.2 mg kg−1 hour−1, ± lidocaine, 3 mg kg−1 hour−1. Invasi ...
DOI:
10.1111/vaa.12018

39. Factors Influencing Mortality Associated with the Translocation of Northern River Otters (Lontra canadensis) in Utah

Author:
Day, Casey C.; Westover, Matthew D.; McMillan, Brock R.
Source:
Western North American naturalist 2013 v.73 no.3 pp. 357-364
ISSN:
1527-0904
Subject:
Lontra canadensis; ecologists; females; males; managers; models; mortality; odds ratio; regression analysis; rivers; trapping; watersheds; Utah
Abstract:
... — Reintroductions and translocations of northern river otters have been a common management practice throughout the United States from the 1970s to the 2000s. Though many reintroductions have been successful, populations are not always monitored or evaluated post-release. From 2009 through 2012, we translocated 27 radio-marked otters into the Provo River watershed in northern Utah. Our objective w ...
DOI:
10.3398/064.073.0309

40. Fire ant alarm pheromone and venom alkaloids act in concert to attract parasitic phorid flies, Pseudacteon spp.

Author:
Sharma, Kavita R.; Fadamiro, Henry Y.
Source:
Journal of insect physiology 2013 v.59 no.11 pp. 1119-1124
ISSN:
0022-1910
Subject:
Pseudacteon curvatus; Pseudacteon tricuspis; Solenopsis invicta; alarm pheromones; alkaloids; attractants; bioassays; biological control agents; females; fire ants; males; models; synergism; venoms; United States
Abstract:
... Pseudacteon tricuspis, Pseudacteon obtusus and Pseudacteon curvatus are three species of parasitic phorid flies (Diptera: Phoridae), which have been introduced as classical biological control agents of imported, Solenopsis fire ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the southern USA. Previous studies demonstrated the behavioral response of P. tricuspis to the venom alkaloids and alarm pheromone of the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jinsphys.2013.08.010
PubMed:
24035750

41. Flight calls signal group and individual identity but not kinship in a cooperatively breeding bird

Author:
Keen, Sara C.; Meliza, C. Daniel; Rubenstein, Dustin R.
Source:
Behavioral ecology 2013 v.24 no.6 pp. 1279-1285
ISSN:
1045-2249
Subject:
alloparental behavior; birds; eggs; females; flight; insect larvae; kinship; males; models
Abstract:
... Lay SummaryAnts are models of conflict, generally working together but at the same time competing over individual fitness. We show that ant larvae compete by cannibalizing eggs, which increases their survival. Male larvae are particularly selfish, and eat eggs three times more often than females. Larvae also discriminate between sibling and alien eggs, which suggests that they can react to chemica ...
DOI:
10.1093/beheco/art062
PubMed:
24137044
PubMed Central:
PMC3796708

42. High Rates of Shiny Cowbird Parasitism on The Brown-and-Yellow Marshbird Select for Complementary Host Defenses

Author:
Mermoz, Myriam E.; Reboreda, Juan C.; Fernández, Gustavo J.
Source:
The Condor 2013 v.115 no.4 pp. 910-920
ISSN:
1938-5422
Subject:
Molothrus bonariensis; aggression; antiparasitic agents; color; eggs; females; hatching; hosts; males; models; nesting; nestlings; nests; oviposition; parasites; parasitism; pecking
Abstract:
... Hosts of brood parasites may have not developed antiparasitic defenses either because host and parasite are recently sympatric or because costs of potential defenses outweigh their benefits. We studied antiparasitic defenses of the Brown-and-yellow Marshbird (Pseudoleistes virescens) against the Shiny Cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis), evaluating recognition and aggression toward female and male Shi ...
DOI:
10.1525/cond.2013.120146

43. Lost in the crowd or hidden in the grass: signal apparency of female polymorphic damselflies in alternative habitats

Author:
Schultz, Tom D.; Fincke, Ola M.
Source:
Animal behaviour 2013 v.86 no.5 pp. 923-931
ISSN:
0003-3472
Subject:
Zygoptera; birds; breeding sites; color; females; flight; grasses; habitats; males; models; morphs; predation; predators; risk; vegetation
Abstract:
... Animals must locate prey and mates in noisy sensory environments. Species that rely on visual cues, and which are prey of visual predators, consequently face trade-offs. Additionally, within species, sexual conflict over mating may impose pressures to avoid both predators and mates. Many studies have attempted to explain female-specific polymorphisms in damselflies, but without considering their a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.08.008

44. Sexing Live Pupae and Adults of Two Wax Blooming Beetles, Colposcelis microderoides microderoides and Anatolica polita borealis

Author:
Wang, Yan; Zhang, Fuchun; Ma, Ji
Source:
Journal of insect science 2013 v.13 no.136 pp. 1-8
ISSN:
1536-2442
Subject:
Tenebrionidae; adults; females; males; models; nondestructive methods; pests; pupae; rearing; sex determination analysis; sexual development; sexual dimorphism; species identification; China
Abstract:
... The wax blooming beetles Colposcelis microderoides microderoides Reitter and Anatolica polita borealis Kaszab (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are small, flightless beetles living in the Guerbantonggut desert in the northwestern region of China. These beetles were recently found to have wax blooms, and their short life cycle and ease of rearing under laboratory conditions make them excellent models for ...
DOI:
10.1673/031.013.13601
PubMed:
24766472
PubMed Central:
PMC4015391

45. Size and density of East Greenland polar bear (Ursus maritimus) skulls: Valuable bio-indicators of environmental changes?

Author:
Sonne, Christian; Bechshøft, Thea Ø.; Rigét, Frank F.; Baagøe, Hans J.; Hedayat, Abdi; Andersen, Mogens; Bech-Jensen, Jens-Erik; Hyldstrup, Lars; Letcher, Robert J.; Dietz, Rune
Source:
Ecological indicators 2013 v.34 pp. 290-295
ISSN:
1470-160X
Subject:
DDT (pesticide); HCH (pesticide); North Atlantic Oscillation; Ursus maritimus; animals; body size; bone density; climate; climate change; dieldrin; environmental exposure; hexachlorobenzene; males; models; pollution; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; polychlorinated biphenyls; regression analysis; skull; toxicity; Greenland
Abstract:
... There is an increasing interest in assessing the relationship between climatic oscillations, environmental contaminants and the modelling of animal physiological and morphological responses. We therefore undertook a study of skull condylobasal length (CBL; reflecting body size) and bone mineral density (BMD) in 87 East Greenland male polar bears (Ursus maritimus) sampled in the time period of 1892 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.04.015

46. Social conflict in ant larvae: egg cannibalism occurs mainly in males and larvae prefer alien eggs

Author:
Schultner, Eva; d’Ettorre, Patrizia; Helanterä, Heikki
Source:
Behavioral ecology 2013 v.24 no.6 pp. 1306-1311
ISSN:
1045-2249
Subject:
cannibalism; eggs; females; insect larvae; males; models
Abstract:
... Lay SummaryAnts are models of conflict, generally working together but at the same time competing over individual fitness. We show that ant larvae compete by cannibalizing eggs, which increases their survival. Male larvae are particularly selfish, and eat eggs three times more often than females. Larvae also discriminate between sibling and alien eggs, which suggests that they can react to chemica ...
DOI:
10.1093/beheco/art067

47. Weight Gain among Men and Women Who Have a Child Enter Their Home

Author:
Laroche, Helena H.; Wallace, Robert B.; Snetselaar, Linda; Hillis, Stephen L.; Cai, Xueya; Steffen, Lyn M.
Source:
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2013 v.113 no.11 pp. 1504-1510
ISSN:
2212-2672
Subject:
Blacks; Whites; body mass index; children; cohort studies; coronary vessels; fathers; males; men; models; mothers; parenting; physical activity; races; risk; weight gain; women; young adults
Abstract:
... Parenthood is associated with decreased physical activity and dietary changes. Previously, mothers have been the focus of studies examining the influence of children on parents’ body mass index (BMI), largely ignoring whether parenting affects fathers. This study assessed weight gain in mothers and fathers (by birth or other), using longitudinal repeated-measures models to assess BMI changes over ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jand.2013.05.022
PubMed:
23876450
PubMed Central:
PMC3809034

48. Where do floaters settle? An experimental approach in odonates

Author:
Gołąb, Maria J.; Śniegula, Szymon; Drobniak, Szymon M.; Zając, Tadeusz; Serrano-Meneses, M.A.
Source:
Animal behaviour 2013 v.86 no.5 pp. 1069-1075
ISSN:
0003-3472
Subject:
Calopteryx splendens; animal behavior; breeding; field experimentation; game theory; habitats; males; models; population dynamics
Abstract:
... According to classic ecological models, nonterritorial males should settle in low-quality habitats as a result of losing competition over reproductive sites (‘defeated male’ hypothesis). Alternatively, according to evolutionary game theory models, nonterritorial males should settle in the vicinity of high-quality sites and ‘choose’ to delay breeding until these habitats are vacant for them (‘male ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.09.013

49. TALEN-engineered AR gene rearrangements reveal endocrine uncoupling of androgen receptor in prostate cancer

Author:
Nyquist, Michael D.; Li, Yingming; Hwang, Tae Hyun; Manlove, Luke S.; Vessella, Robert L.; Silverstein, Kevin A. T.; Voytas, Daniel F.; Dehm, Scott M.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2013 v.110 no.43 pp. 17492-17497
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
androgen receptors; androgens; genes; genetic engineering; males; men; models; phenotype; prostatic neoplasms; tissues; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... Androgen receptor (AR) target genes direct development and survival of the prostate epithelial lineage, including prostate cancer (PCa). Thus, endocrine therapies that inhibit the AR ligand-binding domain (LBD) are effective in treating PCa. AR transcriptional reactivation is central to resistance, as evidenced by the efficacy of AR retargeting in castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) with next-generati ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1308587110
PubMed:
24101480
PubMed Central:
PMC3808622

50. Cardiorespiratory fitness does not alter plasma pentraxin 3 and cortisol reactivity to acute psychological stress and exercise

Author:
Huang, Chun-Jung; Webb, Heather E.; Beasley, Kathleen N.; McAlpine, David A.; Tangsilsat, Supatchara E.; Acevedo, Edmund O.
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2013 v.39 no.3 pp. 375-380
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
biomarkers; cardiovascular diseases; cortisol; exercise; homeostasis; inflammation; males; metabolism; models; nutrition; oxygen; prediction; psychological stress; risk; stress response
Abstract:
... Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) has been recently identified as a biomarker of vascular inflammation in predicting cardiovascular events. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on plasma PTX3 and cortisol responses to stress, utilizing a dual-stress model. Fourteen male subjects were classified into high-fit (HF) and low-fit (LF) groups and completed 2 counterbalanced ...
DOI:
10.1139/apnm-2013-0297

51. Sex differences and chronic stress effects on the neural circuitry underlying fear conditioning and extinction

Author:
Farrell, Mollee R.; Sengelaub, Dale R.; Wellman, Cara L.
Source:
Physiology & behavior 2013 v.122 pp. 208-215
ISSN:
0031-9384
Subject:
amygdala; anxiety; cortex; extinction; fearfulness; females; gender differences; learning; males; models; therapeutics
Abstract:
... There are sex differences in the rates of many stress-sensitive psychological disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). As medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala are implicated in many of these disorders, understanding differential stress effects in these regions may shed light on the mechanisms underlying sex-dependent expression of disorders like depression and anxiety. Prefrontal c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.04.002
PubMed:
23624153
PubMed Central:
PMC3812406

52. Somatosensory conditioning of sexual arousal and copulatory behavior in the male rat: A model of fetish development

Author:
Pfaus, James G.; Erickson, Kirsten A.; Talianakis, Stella
Source:
Physiology & behavior 2013 v.122 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
0031-9384
Subject:
copulation; ejaculation; females; males; models; rats
Abstract:
... Previous studies have established that neutral olfactory cues associated with sexual reward or inhibition become conditioned stimuli that direct male or female rats toward or away from potential sex partners bearing the cue. Here we examined the ability of a somatosensory cue to exert stimulus control over sexual arousal and copulation in male rats. In the first experiment, two groups of sexually ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.08.005

53. The Use of Wild Catfish (Clarias spp.) in Combination with Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) in Western Cameroon: Technical Performances, Interests, and Limitations

Author:
Bogne Sadeu, C.; Mikolasek, O.; Pouomogne, V.; Eyango, M. Tomedi
Source:
Journal of applied aquaculture 2013 v.25 no.4 pp. 359-368
ISSN:
1545-0805
Subject:
Clarias; Oreochromis niloticus; biomass; catfish; fingerlings; fish nutrition; males; models; ponds; survival rate; Cameroon
Abstract:
... Experiments on the use of catfish collected from the wild in polyculture with mixed sex tilapias were carried out between 2006 and 2009 in Western Cameroon. The objective was to develop an efficient and sustainable fish-farming model with local producers. Tilapia fingerlings of initial average weight of 5–20 g and catfish fingerlings of average weight 15–90 g were used at densities of 2 tilapias a ...
DOI:
10.1080/10454438.2013.853506

54. A revision of the ant-like sac spider genus Apochinomma Pavesi 1881 (Araneae: Corinnidae) in the Afrotropical Region

Author:
Haddad, Charles Richard
Source:
Journal of natural history 2013 v.47 no.39-40 pp. 2493-2529
ISSN:
1464-5262
Subject:
Araneae; Polyrhachis; females; juveniles; males; models; new species; Botswana; Cote d'Ivoire; Malawi; Mozambique; Nigeria; South Africa; Tanzania
Abstract:
... The genus Apochinomma Pavesi, 1881 is revised in the Afrotropical Region. The male and female of the type species, A. formicaeforme Pavesi, 1881, are redescribed. Five new species are described: A. malkini sp. nov. (♂ ♀) from Nigeria, A. parva sp. nov. (♂) from Guineé, and A. tuberculata sp. nov. (♀) from the Ivory Coast in the A. formicaeforme species group, and A. decepta sp. nov. (♂ ♀) from Sou ...
DOI:
10.1080/00222933.2013.791933

55. Differential and redundant functions of gooseberry and gooseberry neuro in the central nervous system and segmentation of the Drosophila embryo

Author:
He, Haihuai; Noll, Markus
Source:
Developmental biology 2013 v.382 no.1 pp. 209-223
ISSN:
0012-1606
Subject:
Drosophila; axons; central nervous system; clones; evolution; females; genes; homologous recombination; larvae; loci; males; models; motor neurons; mutants; nerve tissue; phenotype; transcription (genetics); transcriptional activation
Abstract:
... The gooseberry locus of Drosophila consists of two homologous Pax genes, gooseberry neuro (gsbn) and gooseberry (gsb). Originally characterized by genetics as a single segment-polarity gene, its role in segmentation has been enigmatic, as only deficiencies uncovering both genes showed a strong segmentation phenotype while mutants of gsb did not. To solve this conundrum and assay for differential r ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.05.017

56. Gender Differences in Access to Extension Services and Agricultural Productivity

Author:
Ragasa, Catherine; Berhane, Guush; Tadesse, Fanaye; Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum
Source:
The journal of agricultural education and extension 2013 v.19 no.5 pp. 437-468
ISSN:
1750-8622
Subject:
data collection; extension agents; extension education; females; gender differences; households; innovation adoption; issues and policy; males; models; production functions; radio; regression analysis; Ethiopia
Abstract:
... Purpose: This article contributes new empirical evidence and nuanced analysis on the gender difference in access to extension services and how this translates to observed differences in technology adoption and agricultural productivity. Approach: It looks at the case of Ethiopia, where substantial investments in the extension system have been made, but the coverage and effect of these investments ...
DOI:
10.1080/1389224X.2013.817343

57. Impacts of Anchor Tag Loss on Walleye Management in the Winnebago System

Author:
Koenigs, Ryan P.; Bruch, Ronald M.; Kamke, Kendall K.
Source:
North American journal of fisheries management 2013 v.33 no.5 pp. 909-916
ISSN:
1548-8675
Subject:
Sander vitreus; females; fish; males; managers; models; mortality; spawning; surveys; Wisconsin
Abstract:
... Rates of tag loss should be estimated and accounted for when using mark–recapture surveys and angler tag returns to estimate fish population abundance and exploitation rates. Walleyes Sander vitreus sampled during April 2010 spawning assessments conducted in the Winnebago system, Wisconsin, were marked with anchor tags and upper caudal fin clips to estimate tag loss rates during three time interva ...
DOI:
10.1080/02755947.2013.815671

58. Localization of arabinogalactan protein 6 fused with Sirius ultramarine fluorescent protein in Arabidopsis pollen and pollen tubes

Author:
Pereira, Luís Gustavo; Costa, Mário; Coimbra, Sílvia
Source:
Plant signaling & behavior 2013 v.8 no.10 pp. e25998
ISSN:
1559-2324
Subject:
Arabidopsis; arabinogalactan proteins; blue light; cell walls; fluorescence; fluorescent proteins; gametogenesis; males; models; mutants; nucleotide sequences; pollen; pollen tubes; transcriptome
Abstract:
... Following studies on the transcriptome of pollen tubes of an agp6 agp11 Arabidopsis double null mutant, together with the knowledge that arabinogalactan protein (AGP) 6 is important for male gametogenesis and pollen germination, we sought to know whether AGP6 could be present in the vegetative cell wall or in the generative cell wall or in both. To that end, Arabidopsis plants were transformed wit ...
DOI:
10.4161/psb.25998
PubMed:
24270628
PubMed Central:
PMC4091207

59. Accounting for female reproductive cycles in a superpopulation capture–recapture framework

Author:
Carroll, E. L.; Childerhouse, S. J.; Fewster, R. M.; Patenaude, N. J.; Steel, D.; Dunshea, G.; Boren, L.; Baker, C. S.
Source:
Ecological applications 2013 v.23 no.7 pp. 1677-1690
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
DNA fingerprinting; Eubalaena australis; data collection; females; males; migratory behavior; migratory species; models; population growth; probability; whales; winter; New Zealand
Abstract:
... Superpopulation capture–recapture models are useful for estimating the abundance of long‐lived, migratory species because they are able to account for the fluid nature of annual residency at migratory destinations. Here we extend the superpopulation POPAN model to explicitly account for heterogeneity in capture probability linked to reproductive cycles (POPAN‐τ). This extension has potential appli ...
DOI:
10.1890/12-1657.1

60. Adult Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) Survival and Cause-specific Mortality in Custer State Park, S.D

Author:
Keller, Barbara J.; Millspaugh, Joshua J.; Lehman, Chad; Brundige, Gary; Mong, Tony W.
Source:
The American midland naturalist 2013 v.170 no.2 pp. 311-322
ISSN:
0003-0031
Subject:
Antilocapra americana; Canis latrans; Puma concolor; adults; breeding season; females; males; managers; models; national parks; parturition; predation; spring; survival rate; ungulates; Great Plains region
Abstract:
... Although understanding natural mortality rates of ungulate populations is essential for effective management, published data on adult survival from unharvested pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) populations in the Northern Great Plains is limited. We estimated seasonal adult survival rates and cause-specific mortality of an unharvested pronghorn population in Custer State Park, S.D. We assessed the ...
DOI:
10.1674/0003-0031-170.2.311

61. Demographic responses of plateau pikas to vegetation cover and land use in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China

Author:
Wangdwei, Migmar; Steele, Brian; Harris, Richard B.
Source:
Journal of mammalogy 2013 v.94 no.5 pp. 1077-1086
ISSN:
1545-1542
Subject:
Ochotona; adults; body condition; females; habitats; juveniles; land cover; land use; males; models; pests; plateaus; probability; rangelands; survival rate; vegetation cover; yaks; China
Abstract:
... The role of so-called pest species in alternatively causing, or responding to, changing rangeland conditions remains contentious. Most scientists have concluded that high densities of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, are a response to sparsely vegetation conditions, but demographic studies to support this hypothesis are lacking. During February–July 2009 we c ...
DOI:
10.1644/12-MAMM-A-253.1

62. Development of an ultrasound-guided technique for pudendal nerve block in cat cadavers

Author:
Adami, Chiara; Angeli, Giovanni; Haenssgen, Kati; Stoffel, Michael H; Spadavecchia, Claudia
ISSN:
1532-2750
Subject:
analgesia; anesthetics; cats; males; methylene blue; models; nerve tissue; patients; tomography; ultrasonography
Abstract:
... The objective of this prospective experimental cadaveric study was to develop an ultrasound-guided technique to perform an anaesthetic pudendal nerve block in male cats. Fifteen fresh cadavers were used for this trial. A detailed anatomical dissection was performed on one cat in order to scrutinise the pudendal nerve and its ramifications. In a second step, the cadavers of six cats were used to te ...
DOI:
10.1177/1098612X13485482

63. Here comes the sun: multimodal displays are associated with sunlight incidence

Author:
Sicsú, Paula; Manica, Lilian T.; Maia, Rafael; Macedo, Regina H.
Source:
Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 2013 v.67 no.10 pp. 1633-1642
ISSN:
0340-5443
Subject:
animals; courtship; environmental factors; males; models; plumage; solar radiation
Abstract:
... Conspicuousness of courtship signals in animals likely evolved to maximize mate attraction while minimizing predator detection. It is assumed, though largely unknown, that environmental and luminosity conditions affect the detectability of ornaments and motor displays and could thus strongly influence behavior. We combined visual models and behavioral observations to test whether the multimodal di ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00265-013-1574-x

64. Indices of Anseriform body shape based on the relative size of major skeletal elements and their relationship to reproductive effort

Author:
Hughes, Austin L.; Battley, Phil
Source:
Ibis 2013 v.155 no.4 pp. 835-846
ISSN:
0019-1019
Subject:
Anseriformes; adults; body size; females; femur; food animals; males; models; phylogeny; sternum; variance; waterfowl
Abstract:
... To assess whether relative clutch mass (RCM) in Anseriformes (wildfowl or waterfowl) is constrained by body shape, principal components (PCs) of size‐adjusted measurements of five major skeletal elements of adult males and females of 60 species of Anseriformes provided indices of body shape. PC1 accounted for 69.8% of the variance and contrasted anterior elements (cranium and sternum) to posterior ...
DOI:
10.1111/ibi.12087

65. Male coalitions and female behaviour affect male mating success independent of dominance rank and female receptive synchrony in wild Barbary macaques

Author:
Young, Christopher; Hähndel, Sabine; Majolo, Bonaventura; Schülke, Oliver; Ostner, Julia
Source:
Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 2013 v.67 no.10 pp. 1665-1677
ISSN:
0340-5443
Subject:
Macaca; females; males; models
Abstract:
... Dominant mammalian males should gain a reproductive advantage due to their greater fighting abilities. However, the extent to which they can monopolise access to females varies across species. In primates and recently other mammalian species, the Priority of Access (PoA) model is commonly used to measure the degree to which male rank and female receptive synchrony affect mating skew. Few studies h ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00265-013-1577-7

66. Males do not like the working class: male sexual preference and recognition of functional castes in a primitively eusocial wasp

Author:
Cappa, F.; Bruschini, C.; Cervo, R.; Turillazzi, S.; Beani, L.
Source:
Animal behaviour 2013 v.86 no.4 pp. 801-810
ISSN:
0003-3472
Subject:
Polistes dominula; animal behavior; bioassays; containers; energy; females; flight; males; models; sexual selection; spermatozoa
Abstract:
... Discrimination among potential partners is a critical step in sexual selection to avoid wasting reproductive resources on an unsuitable mate. In the female-dominated hymenopteran societies males have often been regarded as ‘flying sperm containers’ spending all their time and energy in trying to acquire a mate. We investigated the male sexual preference for potential partners using as a model the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.07.020

67. Modeling Spatially Explicit Densities of Endangered Avian Species in a Heterogeneous Landscape

Author:
Collier, Bret A.; Farrell, Shannon L.; Long, Ashley M.; Campomizzi, Andrew J.; Hays, K. Brian; Laake, Jeffrey L.; Morrison, Michael L.; Wilkins, R. Neal
Source:
The Auk 2013 v.130 no.4 pp. 666-676
ISSN:
1938-4254
Subject:
Setophaga; birds; confidence interval; endangered species; habitats; land management; landscapes; males; models; population density; prediction; space and time; surveys; Texas
Abstract:
... Relating population density to spatially explicit habitat characteristics can inform management by directing efforts to areas with lower densities or focusing conservation and land protection on high-density areas. We conducted point-transect surveys for the endangered Golden-cheeked Warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia) and Black-capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla) in the live-fire region of Fort Hood, Te ...
DOI:
10.1525/auk.2013.13017

68. Molecular insights into 4-nitrophenol-induced hepatotoxicity in zebrafish: Transcriptomic, histological and targeted gene expression analyses

Author:
Lam, Siew Hong; Ung, Choong Yong; Hlaing, Mya Myintzu; Hu, Jing; Li, Zhi-Hua; Mathavan, Sinnakaruppan; Gong, Zhiyuan
Source:
BBA - General Subjects 2013 v.1830 pp. 4778-4789
ISSN:
0304-4165
Subject:
DNA damage; Danio rerio; adults; apoptosis; cell adhesion; cell cycle; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; hepatitis; hepatotoxicity; interleukins; liver; males; methionine; microarray technology; models; oxidative phosphorylation; oxidative stress; p-nitrophenol; pollutants; proteasome endopeptidase complex; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; transcriptomics
Abstract:
... 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) is a prioritized environmental pollutant and its toxicity has been investigated using zebrafish, advocated as an alternative toxicological model. However, molecular information of 4-NP induced hepatotoxicity is still limited. This study aimed to obtain molecular insights into 4-NP-induced hepatotoxicity using zebrafish as a model.Adult male zebrafish were exposed to 4-NP for 8 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.06.008

69. Phenotypic variation of Forest Thrushes Turdus lherminieri in Guadeloupe: evidence for geographic differentiation at fine spatial scale

Author:
Arnoux, Emilie; Eraud, Cyril; Thomas, Alban; Cavallo, François; Garnier, Stéphane; Faivre, Bruno
Source:
Journal of ornithology 2013 v.154 no.4 pp. 977-985
ISSN:
2193-7192
Subject:
Turdus; birds; body size; feathers; females; forests; gene flow; interspecific variation; males; models; phenotypic plasticity; Guadeloupe
Abstract:
... Spatial differentiation in avian models has been extensively studied at a coarse scale for both theoretical and conservation purposes. Yet, studies at a finer spatial scale are also particularly relevant in birds because their dispersal ability may be much more reduced than expected. In the Forest Thrush Turdus lherminieri, we studied morphological characters commonly used to assess differentiatio ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10336-013-0965-0

70. The parental investment models of Maynard Smith: a retrospective and prospective view

Author:
Houston, Alasdair I.; Székely, Tamás; McNamara, John M.
Source:
Animal behaviour 2013 v.86 no.4 pp. 667-674
ISSN:
0003-3472
Subject:
animal behavior; evolution; females; game theory; males; mating behavior; models; parental behavior; paternity; sex ratio
Abstract:
... In his paper ‘Parental investment: a prospective analysis’, Maynard Smith (1977, Animal Behaviour, 25, 1–9) introduced a game-theoretic approach to understanding the evolution of parental behaviour and addressed the broad issue of which sex should provide care for the young. This paper was important in that it introduced the use of game theory to the analysis of parental care. It also stimulated e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.08.001

71. The relationship of the incidence of medullated fibres to the dimensional properties of mohair over the lifetime of Angora goats

Author:
McGregor, B.A.; Butler, K.L.; Ferguson, M.B.
Source:
Small ruminant research 2013 v.115 no.1-3 pp. 40-50
ISSN:
0921-4488
Subject:
Angora (goat breed); birth weight; fleece; flocks; genetic background; genetic variation; goats; males; models; mohair; parturition; sires; staple (fibers); weaning; weaning weight; wethers; Australia
Abstract:
... In a range of animals, increasing mean fibre diameter (MFD) of fibre is associated with an increasing incidence of medullated fibres (Med). It would thus be expected that Med in mohair fleeces, from animals in a flock, would be related to the MFD of those fleeces. MFD of mohair is not the only dimensional attribute of fibres. Med in mohair is phenotypically and genetically related to the size of a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.08.010

72. Surveying a Threatened Amphibian Species through a Narrow Detection Window

Author:
Williams, Perry J.; Engbrecht, Nathan J.; Robb, Joseph R.; Terrell, Vanessa C. K.; Lannoo, Michael J.
Source:
Copeia 2013 v.2013 no.3 pp. 552-561
ISSN:
0045-8511
Subject:
Lithobates; breeding; breeding season; crayfish; environmental factors; frogs; males; models; population size; rain; researchers; surveys; temperature; wetlands
Abstract:
... Crawfish Frogs (Lithobates areolatus) are a relatively widespread but understudied North American species suspected to be in steep decline. Discussions to petition this species for federal listing have begun and therefore effective techniques to survey and monitor populations must be developed. Crawfish Frogs produce unusually loud breeding calls, making call surveys the most efficient way to asse ...
DOI:
10.1643/CH-12-157

73. Age estimation standards for a Western Australian population using the coronal pulp cavity index

Author:
Karkhanis, Shalmira; Mack, Peter; Franklin, Daniel
Source:
Forensic science international 2013 v.231 pp. 412.e1
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
adults; asymmetry; females; forensic sciences; humans; males; models; politics; prediction; pulp; refugees; regression analysis; t-test
Abstract:
... Age estimation is a vital aspect in creating a biological profile and aids investigators by narrowing down potentially matching identities from the available pool. In addition to routine casework, in the present global political scenario, age estimation in living individuals is required in cases of refugees, asylum seekers, human trafficking and to ascertain age of criminal responsibility. Thus ro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.04.004

74. Applicability of Willems model for dental age estimations in Brazilian children

Author:
Franco, Ademir; Thevissen, Patrick; Fieuws, Steffen; Souza, Paulo Henrique Couto; Willems, Guy
Source:
Forensic science international 2013 v.231 pp. 401.e1
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
adults; children; females; longevity; males; mineralization; models; prediction; radiography; regression analysis; teeth
Abstract:
... Several studies described tooth development as a reliable pathway for age estimations. Depending on the considered life span, the dental age indicators vary. In children, combinations of developing teeth provide the best information about age. In sub adults third molar mineralization is almost exclusively considered.The aim of this study was, firstly, to verify the Willems model in a Brazilian sam ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.05.030

75. Sex-dependent effects of early maternal deprivation on MDMA-induced conditioned place preference in adolescent rats: Possible neurochemical correlates

Author:
Llorente-Berzal, Alvaro; Manzanedo, Carmen; Daza-Losada, Manuel; Valero, Manuel; López-Gallardo, Meritxell; Aguilar, María A.; Rodríguez-Arias, Marta; Miñarro, José; Viveros, Maria-Paz
Source:
Toxicology 2013 v.311 pp. 78-86
ISSN:
0300-483X
Subject:
acetic acid; adolescence; adolescents; cannabinoids; cortex; corticosterone; females; hippocampus; illicit drugs; leptin; males; metabolites; models; rats; risk; serotonin; toxicology
Abstract:
... The early neonatal stage constitutes a sensitive period during which exposure to adverse events can increase the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Maternal deprivation (MD) is a model of early life stress that induces long-term behavioural and physiological alterations, including susceptibility to different drugs of abuse. In the present study we have used the conditioned place preference (CPP) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tox.2012.12.003

76. Revolving SEM images visualising 3D taxonomic characters: application to six species of the millipede genus Ommatoiulus Latzel, 1884, with description of seven new species and an interactive key to the Tunisian members of the genus (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae)

Author:
Akkari, Nesrine; Cheung, David Koon-Bong; Enghoff, Henrik; Stoev, Pavel
Source:
ZooKeys 2013 v.328 pp. 5-45
ISSN:
1313-2970
Subject:
Julidae; adults; allopatry; fauna; habitat preferences; image analysis; male genitalia; males; models; new species; taxon descriptions; user interface; Tunisia
Abstract:
... A novel illustration technique based on scanning electron microscopy is used for the first time to enhance taxonomic descriptions. The male genitalia (gonopods) of six species of millipedes are used for construction of interactive imaging models. Each model is a compilation of a number of SEM images taken consecutively while rotating the SEM stage 360°, which allows the structure in question to be ...
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.328.5763

77. Evolutionary origins and persistence of infidelity in Malurus: the least faithful birds

Author:
Cockburn, Andrew; Brouwer, Lyanne; Double, Michael C.; Margraf, Nicolas; van de Pol, Martijn
Source:
Emu 2013 v.113 no.3 pp. 208-217
ISSN:
1448-5540
Subject:
Malurus; adults; birds; females; inbreeding; males; mating behavior; models; nuclear family; plumage; progeny; rearing; sexual selection; social class; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Fairy-wrens (genus Malurus maintain territories year round, and breed cooperatively, with all members of the social group provisioning young. Despite living with several adult males, the breeding female typically cuckolds all of them, seeking fertilisations from extra-group males that provide no care to her offspring, instead caring for the young reared on their own territory. We trace the evoluti ...
DOI:
10.1071/MU12094

78. Extra-pair paternity, sperm competition and their evolutionary consequences in the Maluridae

Author:
Rowe, Melissah; Pruett-Jones, Stephen
Source:
Emu 2013 v.113 no.3 pp. 218-231
ISSN:
1448-5540
Subject:
Bayesian theory; Malurus; birds; comparative study; females; genes; group size; habitats; inbreeding; males; models; monogamy; paternity; sperm competition; testes
Abstract:
... Fairy-wrens (Malurus) are socially monogamous and yet exhibit among the highest rates of extra-pair paternity (EPP) known in passerine birds. Here, we review patterns of EPP in fairy-wrens and their allies (Maluridae), and discuss the causes and evolutionary consequences of multiple mating in this group. Rates of EPP vary widely across species, but correlate strongly with relative testes mass sugg ...
DOI:
10.1071/MU12084

79. When subspecies matter: resident Superb Fairy-wrens (Malurus cyaneus) distinguish the sex and subspecies of intruding birds

Author:
Kleindorfer, Sonia; Evans, Christine; Mihailova, Milla; Colombelli-Négrel, Diane; Hoi, Herbert; Griggio, Matteo; Mahr, Katharina; Robertson, Jeremy
Source:
Emu 2013 v.113 no.3 pp. 259-269
ISSN:
1448-5540
Subject:
Malurus; acoustics; birds; females; males; models; reproductive isolation
Abstract:
... The widely accepted functions of complex bird song—to defend a territory or attract a mate, or both—have generally been tested in northern hemisphere species in which males produce the song and females choose the singer. In our study species, the Superb Fairy-wren (Malurus cyaneus), both males and females sing a solo song throughout the year. We compare the chatter song in males and females of two ...
DOI:
10.1071/MU12066

80. Anti-nociceptive and anti-oedematogenic properties of the hydroethanolic extract of Sidastrum micranthum leaves in mice

Author:
Gonçalves, Gabriela Mastrangelo; Marinho, Diogo Guimarães; Jorden Almança, Carlos Cesar; Marinho, Bruno Guimarães
Source:
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 2013 v.23 no.5 pp. 836-843
ISSN:
0102-695X
Subject:
Malvaceae; anti-inflammatory activity; arginine; asthma; bronchitis; dexamethasone; edema; formalin; formalin test; leaves; lethal dose 50; males; mice; models; morphine; oral administration; pain; tail; Brazil
Abstract:
... Sidastrum micranthum (A. St.-Hil.) Fryxell, Malvaceae, grows in the northeastern region of Brazil, where the leaves of this species are traditionally used to treat coughs, bronchitis or asthma. Male Swiss mice (20-22g) were tested in models of acute pain (acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, tail flick and formalin test), oedema assessment test (paw oedema test) and model for evaluation of spon ...
DOI:
10.1590/S0102-695X2013000500017

81. Behavioural reactivity, social and cognitive abilities of Vietnamese and Pitman–Moore weaned piglets

Author:
Val-Laillet, David; Tallet, Céline; Guérin, Carole; Meunier-Salaün, Marie-Christine
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2013 v.148 no.1-2 pp. 108-119
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
biomedical research; females; humans; locomotion; males; miniature breeds; miniature swine; models; piglets; principal component analysis; roots; temperament
Abstract:
... Miniature pigs are increasingly used as alternative models in biomedical research, but little is known about their behavioural reactivity. However this should be taken into account when selecting breeds. In the present study, behavioural reactivity, social and cognitive abilities of 63 weaned piglets from the Pitman–Moore (16 females and 17 males) and Vietnamese (15 females and 15 males) miniature ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2013.06.003

82. Calling Behavior and Parasite Intensity in Treefrogs, Hypsiboas prasinus

Author:
Madelaire, Carla Bonetti; José da Silva, Reinaldo; Ribeiro Gomes, Fernando
Source:
Journal of Herpetology 2013 v.47 no.3 pp. 450-455
ISSN:
0022-1511
Subject:
Hypsiboas; correlation; energy; energy costs; females; helminths; males; models; prediction; reproductive success; sexual selection
Abstract:
... A negative relationship between parasite intensity and male ornament condition or sexual display rate is one of the conditions of the parasite-mediated sexual selection model. In anurans, temporal properties of calling behavior, and particularly calling rates, are the best candidates to express a negative relationship with parasite intensity, given the high energy costs of calling and the fact tha ...
DOI:
10.1670/11-315

83. Colouration in Atlantic puffins and blacklegged kittiwakes: monochromatism and links to body condition in both sexes

Author:
Doutrelant, Claire; Grégoire, Arnaud; Gomez, Doris; Staszewski, Vincent; Arnoux, Emilie; Tveraa, Torkild; Faivre, Bruno; Boulinier, Thierry
Source:
Journal of avian biology 2013 v.44 no.5 pp. 451-460
ISSN:
0908-8857
Subject:
Fratercula; Rissa; body condition; color; females; humans; males; models; pigments; seabirds; sexual dimorphism; sexual selection; vision
Abstract:
... Sexual dimorphism is widely used as an indirect measure of the intensity of sexual selection. It is also a way to evaluate whether different selective pressures act on males and females. Dichromatism, defined as a difference in colouration between males and females, may for instance result from selection for crypsis in females and selection for conspicuousness in males. Here, we conducted a study ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1600-048X.2013.00098.x

84. Demographic comparison of Golden-Winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) populations in northern and southern extremes of their breeding range

Author:
Bulluck, Lesley; Buehler, David; Vallender, Rachel; Robertson, Raleigh J.
Source:
The Wilson journal of ornithology 2013 v.125 no.3 pp. 479-490
ISSN:
1559-4491
Subject:
Vermivora chrysoptera; adults; breeding; demography; fecundity; females; males; mark-recapture studies; migratory behavior; migratory birds; models; nesting; nests; population growth; survival rate; temperature; tropics; Ontario; Tennessee
Abstract:
... Conservation strategies for declining species often are based on limited knowledge about how fecundity and survival may change across a species' range, and what factors may be limiting for a given population. Incomplete understanding of how a species' demography varies across a range of conditions may lead to inappropriate management decisions. Our objective was to compare demographic data from no ...
DOI:
10.1676/12-154.1

85. Dispersal behaviour of a polygynous carnivore: do cougars Puma concolor follow source-sink predictions?

Author:
Stoner, David C.; Wolfe, Michael L.; Mecham, Clint; Mecham, McLain B.; Durham, Susan L.; Choate, David M.
Source:
Wildlife biology 2013 v.19 no.3 pp. 289-301
ISSN:
0909-6396
Subject:
Puma concolor; animals; basins; carnivores; dispersal behavior; ecosystems; estrus; females; habitat fragmentation; habitat preferences; habitats; immigration; landscapes; males; models; polygyny; population density; population growth; prediction; spring; Utah
Abstract:
... The source-sink model of population dynamics predicts that density drives emigration of subordinate animals to habitats offering lower competition for resources. Several authors have suggested use of this model as a potential framework for conservation of exploited carnivores when precise enumeration is unfeasible. Dispersal is a critical behavioural mechanism for management based on this model, y ...
DOI:
10.2981/12-124

86. In vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Allium cepa bulb in ethanol induced liver damage in Wistar rats

Author:
Eswar Kumar, K.; Harsha, K.N.; Sudheer, V.; Giri babu, Nelli
Source:
Food science and human wellness 2013 v.2 no.3-4 pp. 132-138
ISSN:
2213-4530
Subject:
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Allium cepa; alanine transaminase; alkaline phosphatase; antioxidant activity; ascorbic acid; aspartate transaminase; bilirubin; blood serum; bulbs; ethanol; food science; hepatoprotective effect; hepatotoxicity; humans; inhibitory concentration 50; liver; males; models; rats; silymarin; superoxide anion
Abstract:
... The in vitro antioxidant and in vivo hepatoprotective effects of aqueous extract of Allium cepa (A. cepa) bulb were evaluated in male rats against ethanol induced liver damage in preventive and curative models. The antioxidant activity of A. cepa was assayed and activities were compared to standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid. The results revealed that the IC50 values of A. cepa bulb extract for DP ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fshw.2013.10.001

87. Modeling harvest rates and numbers from age and sex ratios: A demonstration for elephant populations

Author:
Chelliah, Karpagam; Bukka, Harshvardhan; Sukumar, Raman
Source:
Biological conservation 2013 v.165 pp. 54-61
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
Elephas maximus; Loxodonta africana; age structure; females; logit analysis; males; meat carcasses; models; mortality; people; population size; sex ratio; wildlife management; India; Kenya
Abstract:
... Illegal harvest rates of wildlife populations are often unknown or difficult to estimate from field data due to under-reporting or incomplete detection of carcasses. This is especially true for elephants that are killed for ivory or in conflicts with people. We describe a method to infer harvest rates from coarse field data of three population parameters, namely, adult female to male ratio, male o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2013.05.008

88. Pheromone Analyses of the Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) Cryptic Species Complex

Author:
Břízová, Radka; Mendonça, Adriana L.; Vanícková, Lucie; Mendonça, Alana L.; Eduardo Da Silva, Carlos; Tomčala, Aleš; Jordão Paranhos, Beatriz Aguiar; Simões Dias, Vanessa; Joachim-Bravo, Iara Sordi; Hoskovec, Michal; Kalinová, Blanka; Do Nascimento, Ruth R.
Source:
The Florida entomologist 2013 v.96 no.3 pp. 1107-1115
ISSN:
0015-4040
Subject:
Anastrepha fraterculus; electrophysiology; males; methodology; models; multivariate analysis; pest control; pests; pheromones; population; strains; volatile compounds; Argentina; Brazil
Abstract:
... The South American fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) cryptic species complex is presently one of the most studied pest models in terms of speciation and population mating compatibility. The improvement of pest-control techniques has strongly relied on successful implementation of laboratory strains into wild populations. Pheromone communication plays an important ...
DOI:
10.1653/024.096.0351

89. Relative Disease Susceptibility and Clostridial Toxin Antibody Responses in Three Commercial Broiler Lines Coinfected with Clostridium perfringens and Eimeria maxima Using an Experimental Model of Necrotic Enteritis

Author:
Jang, Seung I.; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Lee, Sung-Hyen; Lee, Kyung Woo; Lillehoj, Erik P.; Hong, Yeong Ho; An, Dong-Jun; Jeoung, Hye-Young; Chun, Ji-Eun
Source:
Avian diseases 2013 v.57 no.3 pp. 684
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Clostridium perfringens; Eimeria maxima; antibodies; blood serum; breeds; broiler chickens; digestive system; disease resistance; high protein diet; immune response; lesions (animal); males; mixed infection; models; necrotic enteritis; pathogenesis; poultry diseases; risk factors; weight loss
Abstract:
... Necrotic enteritis is an enteric disease of poultry resulting from infection by Clostridium perfringens with coinfection by Eimeria spp. constituting a major risk factor for disease pathogenesis. This study compared three commercial broiler chicken lines using an experimental model of necrotic enteritis. Day-old male Cobb, Ross, and Hubbard broilers were orally infected with viable C. perfringens ...
Handle:
10113/61083
DOI:
10.1637/10496-011813-ResNote.1

90. Tetraspanin-2 localisation in high pressure frozen and freeze-substituted Schistosoma mansoni adult males reveals its distribution in membranes of tegumentary vesicles

Author:
Schulte, Leigh; Lovas, Erica; Green, Kathryn; Mulvenna, Jason; Gobert, Geoffrey N.; Morgan, Garry; Jones, Malcolm K.
Source:
International journal for parasitology 2013 v.43 no.10 pp. 785-793
ISSN:
0020-7519
Subject:
Schistosoma mansoni; acetates; adults; cell biology; freezing; integument; males; microscopy; models; parasites; tomography; vaccination
Abstract:
... The tegument, or body wall, of schistosomes is the primary tissue for host interaction and site targeted schistosome vaccination. However, many aspects of the cell biology, particularly differentiation and maintenance, remain uncharacterised. A leading vaccine candidate, Schistosoma mansoni tetraspanin 2 has proven efficacy in experimental models, but its function, precise subcellular location in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.04.003
PubMed:
23702130

91. The interface of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical axis and circulating brain natriuretic peptide in prediction of cardiopulmonary performance during physical stress

Author:
Popovic, Dejana; Popovic, Bojana; Plecas-Solarovic, Bosiljka; Pešić, Vesna; Markovic, Vidan; Stojiljkovic, Stanimir; Vukcevic, Vladan; Petrovic, Ivana; Banovic, Marko; Petrovic, Milan; Vujisic-Tesic, Bosiljka; Ostojic, Miodrag C.; Ristic, Arsen; Damjanovic, Svetozar S.
Source:
Peptides 2013 v.47 pp. 85-93
ISSN:
0196-9781
Subject:
brain; carbon dioxide; corticotropin; cortisol; exercise test; heart rate; males; models; natriuretic peptides; oxygen consumption; prediction; radioimmunoassays
Abstract:
... Brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) was implicated in the regulation of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) responses to psychological stressors. However, HPA axis activation in different physical stress models and its interface with NT-pro-BNP in the prediction of cardiopulmonary performance is unclear. Cardiopulmonary test on a treadmill was used to assess cardiopulmonary parameters i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.peptides.2013.07.009

92. Catchability of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) by the eastern Bering Sea bottom trawl survey estimated using a catch comparison experiment

Author:
Somerton, David A.; Weinberg, Kenneth L.; Goodman, Scott E.
Source:
Canadian journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences 2013 v.70 no.12 pp. 1699-1708
ISSN:
1205-7533
Subject:
Chionoecetes opilio; crabs; fishing boats; males; models; sand; surveys; trawl nets; Bering Sea
Abstract:
... Catchability of the eastern Bering Sea (EBS) bottom trawl survey for snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) was estimated from experimental data to provide a constraint on the survey catchability parameters in the stock assessment model. The experiment utilized a second fishing vessel to conduct side-by-side trawling with each of two survey vessels at 92 stations using an experimental trawl assumed to ca ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjfas-2013-0100

93. Low level laser therapy increases angiogenesis in a model of ischemic skin flap in rats mediated by VEGF, HIF-1α and MMP-2

Author:
Cury, Vivian; Moretti, Ana Iochabel Soares; Assis, Lívia; Bossini, Paulo; de Souza Crusca, Jaqueline; Neto, Carlos Benatti; Fangel, Renan; de Souza, Heraldo Possolo; Hamblin, Michael R; Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
Source:
Journal of photochemistry and photobiology 2013 v.125 pp. 164-170
ISSN:
1011-1344
Subject:
angiogenesis; blood vessels; dose response; hypoxia; hypoxia-inducible factor 1; irradiation; lasers; males; metalloproteinases; models; photobiology; photochemistry; rats; secretion; surgery; vascular endothelial growth factors; viability; wavelengths
Abstract:
... It is known that low level laser therapy is able to improve skin flap viability by increasing angiogenesis. However, the mechanism for new blood vessel formation is not completely understood. Here, we investigated the effects of 660nm and 780nm lasers at fluences of 30 and 40J/cm2 on three important mediators activated during angiogenesis. Sixty male Wistar rats were used and randomly divided into ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.06.004
PubMed:
23831843
PubMed Central:
PMC3759230

94. Modeling regional deposited dose of submicron aerosol particles

Author:
Hussein, Tareq; Löndahl, Jakob; Paasonen, Pauli; Koivisto, Antti Joonas; Petäjä, Tuukka; Hämeri, Kaarle; Kulmala, Markku
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2013 v.458-460 pp. 140-149
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
adults; aerosols; children; dose response; epidemiological studies; females; males; models; particle size; particle size distribution; respiratory system; surface area
Abstract:
... We developed a simple model to calculate the regional deposited dose of submicron aerosol particles in the respiratory system. This model incorporates measured outdoor and modeled indoor particle number size distributions, detailed activity patterns of three age groups (teens, adults, and the elderly), semi-empirical estimation of the regional deposition fraction, hygroscopic properties of urban a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.022
PubMed:
23644567

95. Body mapping of thermoregulatory and perceptual responses of males and females running in the cold

Author:
Fournet, Damien; Ross, Lindsey; Voelcker, Thomas; Redortier, Bernard; Havenith, George
Source:
Journal of thermal biology 2013 v.38 no.6 pp. 339-344
ISSN:
0306-4565
Subject:
air; clothing design; cold; exercise; fat thickness; females; heart rate; males; models; sensation; skinfold thickness; temperature; thermography; torso
Abstract:
... Thermoregulatory parameters during exercise are typically reported as global responses (Tcore and mean Tsk). In contrast, this study investigated regional skin temperatures (Tsk) over the body, in relation to regional skinfold thickness and regional perceptual responses for both sexes using a body-mapping approach. Nine males and nine females, of equivalent fitness, minimally clothed, ran for 40mi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jtherbio.2013.04.005

96. Effect of edible plants combination on mineral bioaccessibility and bioavailability, using in vitro digestion and liposome-affinity extraction

Author:
Zheng, Feng-Ying; Chen, Li-Hui; Li, Shun-Xing; Qiu, Ya-Qing
Source:
Food research international 2013 v.53 no.1 pp. 174-179
ISSN:
0963-9969
Subject:
adults; bioavailability; blood vessels; cell membranes; digestive enzymes; females; gastrointestinal system; in vitro digestion; males; mineral content; models; nutrient requirements; people; soups; trace elements
Abstract:
... Edible plants were usually consumed by people to satisfy their nutritional requirements. However, how such combination affected mineral bioaccessibility and bioavailability was unknown. Persicae Semen (A) was combined with Carthami Flos (B) in different ratios and then used for the preparation of the soups. Following in vitro digestion, trace minerals in the soups were transformed into their final ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodres.2013.04.004

97. Evaluation of von bertalanffy growth curves for the introduced red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) in Norwegian waters

Author:
Windsland, Kristin; Hvingel, Carsten; Nilssen, Einar M.; Sundet, Jan H.
Source:
Fisheries research 2013 v.145 pp. 15-21
ISSN:
0165-7836
Subject:
Paralithodes camtschatica; coastal water; females; males; models; Norway
Abstract:
... The introduced red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) is abundant in the coastal waters off northern Norway. We developed Bayesian hierarchical models to estimate growth parameters of a von Bertalanffy growth function using tag–recapture data. Individual variability in L∞ (asymptotic length) was incorporated in the analysis. The models successfully estimate female red king crab lengths at inte ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fishres.2013.03.003

98. Lectin Binding Pattern in the Uterus of Pregnant Mice Infected with Tritrichomonas foetus

Author:
Woudwyk, M.A.; Gimeno, E.J.; Soto, P.; Barbeito, C.G.; Monteavaro, C.E.
Source:
Journal of comparative pathology 2013 v.149 no.2-3 pp. 341-345
ISSN:
0021-9975
Subject:
Ricinus communis; Tritrichomonas foetus; adhesion; agglutinins; cattle; embryonic mortality; enzymes; epithelium; glycoproteins; lectins; males; mice; models; pathogenesis; peanuts; soybeans; uterus
Abstract:
... Bovine genital tritrichomonosis is caused by the protozoon Tritrichomonas foetus and leads to embryonic death and abortion. The complexity of handling bovine experimental systems has led to the development of alternative models. The infection has been reproduced in pregnant BALB/c mice. In the pathogenesis of the disease, adhesion of the protozoon to host cell surface glycoproteins is important. L ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.12.004
PubMed:
23356931

99. Life-stage-dependent sensitivity of the cyclopoid copepod Mesocyclops leuckarti to triphenyltin

Author:
Kulkarni, Devdutt; Daniels, Benjamin; Preuss, Thomas G.
Source:
Chemosphere 2013 v.92 pp. 1145-1153
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
Mesocyclops; acute toxicity; adults; aquatic invertebrates; females; indicator species; lethal concentration 50; males; mechanism of action; models; nauplii; nontarget organisms; pharmacokinetics; plant protection
Abstract:
... The effects of triphenyltin (TPT) on non-target aquatic groups like copepods have not yet been studied in detail. Recently, Mesocyclops leuckarti was suggested as a representative species for freshwater cyclopoid copepods to study the effects of plant protection products. We conducted 96h acute toxicity tests in the laboratory to study the effects of TPT on the different life stages of M. leuckart ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.076
PubMed:
23466081

100. Morphometry and Claw Strength of the Non-nativeAsian Shore Crab, Hemigrapsus sanguineus

Author:
Payne, Andrew; Kraemer, George P.
Source:
Northeastern naturalist 2013 v.20 no.3 pp. 478-492
ISSN:
1092-6194
Subject:
Carcinus maenas; Hemigrapsus sanguineus; claws; coasts; crabs; data collection; females; juveniles; littoral zone; males; models; morphometry; predation; sexual dimorphism; United States
Abstract:
... The invasive crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus (Asian Shore Crab) arrived on the northeast coast of the United States about fifteen years ago, and has attained high population levels at the expense of other resident crabs. Data collected between 1998–2012 at a low-energy, rocky intertidal site in the western Long Island Sound reveal continued Asian Shore Crab dominance. A body of research has suggested ...
DOI:
10.1656/045.020.0311