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anions; aquatic organisms; chemical communication; chemical compounds; chemical reactions; hydrophobicity; ionic liquids; moieties; toxicity; trophic levels
Abstract:
... The (eco)toxicity of the most common ionic liquid anions like [N(CN)₂]⁻, [C(CN)₃]⁻, [B(CN)₄]⁻, [(CF₃SO₂)₂N]⁻, [(C₂F₅)₃PF₃]⁻ was investigated in test systems of different trophic level. In the same order, and thus with increasing hydrophobicity, a trend of higher toxicity was found. Especially the [(C₂F₅)₃PF₃]⁻ moiety poses a significant hazard towards aquatic organisms. ...
... The purpose of this work was development and application of the purification system suitable for the treatment of the acid mine drainage (AMD) accumulated in the “Robule” Lake, which represents the part of the Bor copper mining and smelting complex, Serbia. The study was undertaken in order to minimize adverse effect on the environment caused by the discharge of untreated AMD, which was characteri ...
Catrina Cofalla; Sebastian Hudjetz; Sebastian Roger; Markus Brinkmann; Roy Frings; Jan Wölz; Burkhard Schmidt; Andreas Schäffer; Ulrike Kammann; Markus Hecker; Henner Hollert; Holger Schüttrumpf
... PURPOSE: Flood events are expected to increase both in intensity and frequency due to climate change in the near future. From an environmental toxicology perspective, there is concern that such flood events could lead to the remobilization of contaminated sediment layers in rivers. The aim of this pilot study was to establish a novel and interdisciplinary framework combining methods of hydrodynami ...
... This work has developed a miniaturized method based on matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD), using C18 as dispersant and acetonitrile–water as eluting solvent, for the analysis of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in biota samples by capillary liquid chromatography coupled to in-tube solid phase microextraction and diode array detection. Recovery studies showed that the combination of C18-Florisil ...
... In situ-based testing using aquatic organisms has been widely reported, but is often limited in scope and practical usefulness in making decisions on ecological risk and remediation. To provide this capability, an integrated deployment system, the Sediment Ecotoxicity Assessment (SEA) Ring was developed, which incorporates rapid in situ hydrological, chemical, bioaccumulation, and toxicological Li ...
... In the Netherlands, a spatially distributed version of the pesticide fate model PEARL is routinely used to assess the leaching potential of pesticides to groundwater. Recently, the model was modified to simulate the movement of pesticides to surface water. The peak concentration is considered to be the most important exposure endpoint for the ecotoxicological effect assessment for aquatic organism ...
... Road deposited sediments (RDS) are a valuable environmental medium for characterizing contaminant levels in urban areas; and their associated potentially toxic elements (PTEs) can directly impact both human and aquatic health. In this study, RDS were collected from 15 co-located industrial and residential roads throughout Singapore to determine the effect of land use on contaminant levels. A secon ...
... The carbonate ion plays a central role in the biochemical formation of the shells of aquatic life, which is an important path for carbon dioxide sequestration. Given the vital role of carbonate in this and other contexts, it is imperative to develop accurate models for such a high charge density ion. As a divalent ion, carbonate has a strong polarizing effect on surrounding water molecules. This r ...
... As a way to improve the efficacy to target organisms, new pesticide generation is based on technologically advanced coformulations of two or more active ingredients. One example is Betanal®Expert, a postemergence herbicide composed of an Advanced Micro Droplet coformulation of phenmedipham, desmedipham, and ethofumesate. Although its composed formulation brings an increase in the pesticide perform ...
Copepoda; acute toxicity; adults; aquatic organisms; body size; chronic toxicity; environmental assessment; fecundity; geographical distribution; life history; nauplii; pollutants; polychlorinated biphenyls; population growth; sex ratio; toxicity testing
Abstract:
... The harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus japonicus has a wide geographical distribution and is considered as a suitable model species for the assessment of toxicity of marine pollutants. The aim of the present study was to test the impacts of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 126 (3,3′,4,4′,5‐pentachlorobiphenyl) on the growth, development, and reproduction of T. japonicus in two successive generations. We ...
... The toxicity of cyanide to the early life stages of freshwater mussels (order Unionida) has remained unexplored. Cyanide is known to be acutely toxic to other aquatic organisms. Cyanide‐containing compounds, such as sodium ferrocyanide and ferric ferrocyanide, are commonly added to road deicing salts as anticaking agents. The purpose of the present study was to assess the acute toxicity of three c ...
... Both single and joint toxicity of atrazine and butachlor to freshwater green alga Scenedesmus obliquus and cladoceran Daphnia carinata isolated from South China were investigated in the present study. The 96h-EC₅₀ values of atrazine and butachlor to S. obliquus were 0.0147 and 2.31mgL⁻¹, while the 48h-LC₅₀ values to D. carinata were 60.6 and 3.40mgL⁻¹, respectively. These results suggest that atra ...
... The acute toxicity of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc to Penaeus monodon (Tiger prawn) was evaluated in static renewal tests. Each test lasted up to 4 days and 96 hours LC₅₀ values were calculated. The toxicity of each metal increased with exposure time for cadmium, copper, lead and zinc respectively. The 96 hours LC₅₀ values based on the measured concentration for cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc w ...
... The study of stressor interactions by eco-toxicologists using nonlinear response variables is limited by required amounts of a priori knowledge, complexity of experimental designs, the use of linear models, and the lack of use of optimal designs of nonlinear models to characterize complex interactions. Therefore, we developed AID, an adaptive-iterative design for eco-toxicologist to more accuratel ...
... In Argentina periurban streams frequently receive agricultural, livestock and industrial discharges. Heavy metals have been found in the water column and sediments of numerous water bodies of the pampean region, at levels above the limits established for aquatic life protection. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a contaminant pulse of cadmium discharged into a water-sediment system of dif ...
agricultural products; aquatic organisms; crops; diazinon; drainage channels; endosulfan; environmental assessment; farms; fruit trees; guidelines; irrigation; pesticide residues; rain; risk assessment; runoff; sediments; soil sampling; streams; British Columbia
Abstract:
... The objectives of this study were to determine environmental occurrence and concentrations of selected currently-used-pesticides and some transformation products in agricultural farms in the Okanagan Valley (OKV), and to conduct a simple risk assessment of environmental pesticides levels detected in OKV on non-target aquatic organisms. The OKV is the tree fruit country of the Province of British C ...
... Increasing phosphorus (P) content and decreasing water quality of Saint-Augustin Lake, Quebec City, Canada, has led to implementation of an Integrated Watershed Management Plan to restore the lake. As a part of the plan, the effects of different restoration techniques on lake water quality and biological community (i.e., biological compatibility) were assessed during an isolated water enclosure st ...
... Alpine areas in north-western Italy are subject to high deposition of atmospheric pollutants. Chemical investigations on high-altitude lakes indicate that most of them are recovering from acidification; however, they are still affected by the deposition of pollutants from the atmosphere, especially of heavy metals. This study compares the concentrations of heavy metals in alpine lake waters with t ...
... The performance of three single-station whole stream metabolism models were evaluated within three shaded, seasonally hypoxic, Missouri reference streams using high resolution (15-minute) dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, and light intensity data collected during the summers (July–September) of 2006–2008. The model incorporating light intensity data consistently achieved a lower root mean square ...
... When the concentrations of ampicillin (Amp), atrazine (Atr) and cadmium chloride (Cd) reach excessive quantities, they become toxic to aquatic organisms. Due to the acceleration of the industrialization and the intensification of human activities, the incidence and concentrations of these types of pollutants in aquatic systems are increasing. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the s ...
... The interdisciplinary workshop ‘Analysis and Visualization of Moving Objects’ was held at the Lorentz Centre in Leiden, The Netherlands, from 27 June to 1 July 2011. It brought together international specialists from ecology, computer science and geographical information science actively involved in the exploration, visualization and analysis of moving objects, such as marine reptiles, mammals, bi ...
... Studies demonstrate that exposure to steroid hormones in receiving waters can adversely impact reproduction of aquatic organisms. In particular, exogenous steroid hormones widely used as growth promoters in animal agriculture are of high concern, yet no gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) analytical methods for the detection of these compounds in complex environmental matrices i ...
Oryzias latipes; active ingredients; aquatic organisms; chlorination; gemfibrozil; mass spectrometry; municipal wastewater; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; sodium hypochlorite; testosterone; wastewater treatment; United States
Abstract:
... The cholesterol-lowering pharmaceutical gemfibrozil is a relevant environmental contaminant because of its frequency of detection in U.S. wastewaters at concentrations which have been shown to disrupt endocrine function in aquatic species. The treatment of gemfibrozil solutions with sodium hypochlorite yielded a 4′-chlorinated gemfibrozil analog (chlorogemfibrozil). In the presence of bromide ion, ...
... Because toxicants rarely occur alone in the environment, a major challenge in risk assessment is to address the combined effects of chemicals on aquatic organisms. This work is aimed at investigating the joint toxicity action of binary mixtures of cadmium and arsenate on Gammarus pulex. Individuals were exposed during 240 h to four single arsenate or cadmium concentrations and binary mixtures of t ...
... Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well known endocrine disruptor. Significantly less is known about its ability to induce antioxidant defense and oxidative stress in aquatic organisms. This is an interesting subject because BPA can act both as a prooxidant (induces the formation of reactive oxygen species) and an antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to elucidate if BPA induces changes in the activit ...
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; aquatic organisms; aqueous solutions; biocompatible materials; biotechnology; cell membranes; drinking water; ecosystems; heavy metals; human health; metal ions; moieties; organic compounds; pH; pollutants; pollution control; scanning electron microscopy; sorption isotherms; tomatoes; toxicity; wastewater
Abstract:
... Heavy metal ions and dissolved organic compounds in waste water are known to adversely affect human health, aquatic life and the overall ecosystem. Many hazardous pollutants need to be removed from drinking water; however, such technologies are not accessible for economically disadvantaged people around the world. Naturally abundant tomato peels or other biomembranes are used as an efficient bioma ...
... The concept of nutraceutical has been derived by coining the terms “nutrition” and “pharmaceutical”. In this context, active substances with pharmaceutical properties are delivered to the humans through food-based approaches to prevent or treat certain disease conditions. Since the natural sources are recognized as safe for human consumption, the active substances produced in the diverse group of ...
... The preparation of aqueous suspensions of carbon‐based nanomaterials (NMs) requires the use of dispersing agents to overcome their hydrophobic character. Although studies on the toxicity of NMs have focused primarily on linking the characteristics of particles to biological responses, the role of dispersing agents has been overlooked. This study assessed the biological effects of a number of commo ...
... The manufacture of large quantities of engineered nanomaterials (NMs) may lead to unintended contamination of aquatic ecosystems. Biologically based monitoring techniques need to be developed to detect these emerging NMs. The purpose of this study was to develop a risk-based probability model to predict the potential hazards of nanoecotoxicity toward aquatic organisms posed by waterborne copper an ...
acidity; alkalinity; aquatic organisms; coal; drainage; drinking water; heavy metals; limestone; overland flow; pH; runoff; sediments; spring; water quality; South Korea
Abstract:
... An initial reclamation of the Young Dong coal mine site, located in northeastern South Korea, was completed in 1995. Despite the filling of the adit with limestone, acid rock drainage (ARD) enters Young Dong tributary and is then discharged to Imgok Creek. This ARD carries an average of 500 mg CaCO3/l of mineral acidity, primarily as Fe(II) and Al. Before spring runoff, the flow of Imgok Creek is ...
aquatic environment; aquatic organisms; bioassays; chemical analysis; chemical concentration; estrogenic properties; genotoxicity; industrial effluents; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pulp; pulp and paper mills; risk; rivers; sampling; wastewater treatment; yeasts
Abstract:
... Wastewaters from various industries are a main source of the contaminants in aquatic environments. The authors evaluated the hormonal activities (estrogenic/anti‐estrogenic activities, androgenic/anti‐androgenic activities) and genotoxicity of various effluents from textile and dyeing plants, electronic and electroplate factories, pulp and paper mills, fine chemical factories, and municipal wastew ...
... The concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in both surface water and sediment samples from the upper Tigris River were determined to evaluate the level of contamination. All metal concentrations in water samples, except Cu, were lower than the maximum permitted concentration for the protection of aquatic life. TN, TP and metal concen ...
... There are large and increasing discharges of statins into the aquatic environment. Statins are cholesterol-lowering pharmaceuticals, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, an enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. Earlier studies have shown that statins will affect the expression of a range of genes in mammalian tissues and this group of pharmaceuticals has also been ...
Bossiaea; Ostracoda; Palearctic region; aquatic organisms; fauna; invertebrates; juveniles; new species; New Zealand; Tasmania
Abstract:
... Austromesocypris bluffensis sp. n. is described and we report another species, Austromesocypris sp., both collected from subterranean aquatic habitats in Tasmania. This discovery adds a major taxonomic group to the already diverse invertebrate cave fauna of Tasmania, and is of interest because, globally, obligate subterranean aquatic species (stygobites) are poorly represented within the family Cy ...
aquatic organisms; burrowing; drought; freshwater; mussels; physiology; streams; temperature
Abstract:
... 1. Droughts have become prevalent in the south‐eastern U.S.A. and are predicted to become more common in the future. Drought conditions have particularly strong negative effects on sessile aquatic organisms with limited dispersal ability. This study explored the linkages between physiological tolerance, behavioural response and survival of three species of freshwater mussels subjected to drought. ...
... Great progress has been made in the controlled fabrication of nanomaterials with given sizes, shapes, and geometries. However, how such changes in structure potentially affect the bioavailability and toxicity of metal nanoparticles to aquatic organisms remains mostly unknown. The present study reports the different behaviors of two types of Cu₂O micro/nanocrystals (micro/nano-Cu₂O) with different ...
active ingredients; anticoagulants; aquatic organisms; biodiversity; disease prevention; functional foods; marine environment; mechanism of action; peptides
Abstract:
... Marine organisms represent a valuable source of nutraceuticals and functional compounds. The biodiversity of the marine environment and the associated chemical diversity constitute a practically unlimited resource of novel active substances for the development of bioactive products. Recently, a great deal of interest has been expressed in marine-derived bioactive peptides because of their numerous ...
... The isolation and extraction of novel bioactive secondary metabolites from marine microorganisms have a biomedical potential for future drug discovery as the oceans cover 70% of the planet's surface and life on earth originates from sea. Wide range of novel bioactive secondary metabolites exhibiting pharmacodynamic properties has been isolated from marine microorganisms and many to be discovered. ...
effluents; aquatic organisms; bioavailability; models; toxicity; metals; hydrochemistry; cyanides; United States
Abstract:
... Cyanide can be toxic to aquatic organisms, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has developed ambient water‐quality criteria to protect aquatic life. Recent work suggests that considering free, rather than total, cyanide provides a more accurate measure of the biological effects of cyanides and provides a basis for water‐quality criteria. Aquatic organisms are sensitive to free cyanide, al ...
... Sediments transported from agricultural fields in surface and subsurface waters contain particulate P (PP) that could be partitioned into two pools—one available for aquatic organisms including cyanobacteria, namely bioavailable particulate P (BAPP, determined by 0.1 mol L⁻¹ NaOH extraction), and the remainder not bioavailable (non-BAPP). This study aimed to quantify the PP and BAPP concentrations ...
... Many aquatic organisms are negatively affected by exposure to high copper concentrations. We investigated the biochemical response of the mussel Mytilus coruscus (Mytiloida: Mytilidae) to copper exposure. In vivo bioassays using M. coruscus and different copper concentrations were conducted. The activity of six biomarkers, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP), ...
aquatic organisms; cellulose; lakes; sediment contamination; wastewater; water
Abstract:
... The situation in the Kondopozhskaya Bay of Onega Lake, polluted by wastewater of a pulp-and-paper mill is considered. The dynamics of wastewater input over 80 years is analyzed; the rate of such input varied widely in this period because of changes in cellulose production processes. A close correlation was found to exist between the characteristics of the state of aquatic organism communities and ...
... Wastewater discharges containing high nitrogen levels can be toxic to aquatic life and cause eutrophication. In this study, the application of the SHARON (Single reactor for High activity Ammonium Removal Over Nitrite) process for the treatment of refinery wastewater (sour water) was evaluated, in view of its coupling with the ANAMMOX (ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation) process. A Continuous Flow Stirr ...
aquatic organisms; chemical composition; effluents; insects; lakes; odors; organic compounds; phosphates; risk; samplers; sediments; washing; water distribution; Lake Mead; Nevada
Abstract:
... Treated wastewater effluent from Las Vegas, Nevada and surrounding communities’ flow through Las Vegas Wash (LVW) into the Lake Mead National Recreational Area at Las Vegas Bay (LVB). Lake sediment is a likely sink for many hydrophobic synthetic organic compounds (SOCs); however, partitioning between the sediment and the overlying water could result in the sediment acting as a secondary contaminan ...
... Sediments are sinks for contaminants in the world's oceans. At the same time, commercial bottom trawling is estimated to affect around 15 million km² of the world's seafloor every year. However, few studies have investigated whether this disturbance remobilises sediment-associated contaminants and, if so, whether these are bioavailable to aquatic organisms. This field study in a trawled contaminat ...
... We introduce Cost Distance FISHeries (CDFISH), a simulator of population genetics and connectivity in complex riverscapes for a wide range of environmental scenarios of aquatic organisms. The spatially-explicit program implements individual-based genetic modeling with Mendelian inheritance and k-allele mutation on a riverscape with resistance to movement. The program simulates individuals in subpo ...
... Cadmium and lead levels were evaluated in water and sediment along the estuarine ecosystem of Tigre River-San Andres Lagoon (Gulf of Mexico) during September to December 2009. Significant highest metal concentration in water (0.45 mg L−1 Cd and 3.94 mg L−1 Pb) and sediment (2.83 mg kg−1 Cd and 6.61 mg kg−1 Pb) were found at the mouth of the Tigre River, where the fishing town of El Moron is locate ...
... Wood ash produced as a by-product in paper mills and heating power plants contains many toxic heavy metals, including high cadmium (Cd) concentrations. The addition of wood ash on drained and forested peatlands to improve forest growth and nutrient balance is common practice in Finland but creates a risk of increasing Cd concentration in the soil and Cd release into recipient waters. Leaching of C ...
... Cytochrome P450 family members participate in xenobiotic transformation as a detoxification mechanism. We have characterized a CYP gene, assigned to the 4G family, in Chironomus riparius, a reference organism in aquatic toxicology. Due to the potential interest of CYP genes and P450 proteins for monitoring pollution effects at the molecular level, the alterations in the pattern of expression of th ...
risk; aquatic organisms; humans; lakes; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; at-risk population; uncertainty; geographic information systems; risk assessment; environmental factors; Formicidae; China
Abstract:
... Lake Taihu provides vital ecological services for humans in China; it receives a great deal of attention regarding its ecological and environmental conditions. In this study, the ecological risks of eight individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water were assessed using probabilistic distributions of the hazard quotient based on Monte Carlo simulation. The results show that the 95th ...