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1. Remote sensing of climate change, long-term monitoring of air pollution and stone material corrosion in Estonia

Author:
Roots, Ott Otto; Roose, Antti; Eerme, Kalju
Source:
International journal of remote sensing 2011 v.32 no.24 pp. 9691-9705
ISSN:
1366-5901
Subject:
United Nations; air; air pollution; climate; climate change; corrosion; environmental factors; issues and policy; limestone; monitoring; remote sensing; Estonia
Abstract:
... The Fifth National Communication Under the Framework Convention on Climate Change covered the policies and activities in Estonia of the period 2006–2009. Climate change and air pollution cause significant damage, especially to various materials. Worldwide, 387 objects belong to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World heritage list, including the Old Town ...
DOI:
10.1080/01431161.2011.574163

2. Altitude and temperature dependence of change in the spring vegetation green-up date from 1982 to 2006 in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

Author:
Piao, Shilong; Cui, Mengdi; Chen, Anping; Wang, Xuhui; Ciais, Philippe; Liu, Jie; Tang, Yanhong
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2011 v.151 no.12 pp. 1599-1608
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
altitude; climate; climate change; plateaus; spring; statistical analysis; temperature; vegetation
Abstract:
... Research in phenology change has been one heated topic of current ecological and climate change study. In this study, we use satellite derived NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) data to explore the spatio-temporal changes in the timing of spring vegetation green-up in the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau from 1982 to 2006 and to characterize their relationship with elevation and tempera ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.06.016

3. Climate change economics and discounted utilitarianism

Author:
Hampicke, Ulrich
Source:
Ecological economics 2011 v.72 pp. 45-52
ISSN:
0921-8009
Subject:
climate; climate change; climate models; humans; income
Abstract:
... In the recent debate on climate change economics triggered by the Stern Review and his opponents, fundamental methodological issues emerge. It becomes obvious that different choices for some variables in the models applied lead to vastly different conclusions. Specifically, the choice of the pure time discount rate δ decides on whether immediate strong action (in the Stern Review) or a more modera ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.08.028

4. Exploring adaptation to climate change in the forests of central Nova Scotia, Canada

Author:
Steenberg, James W.N.; Duinker, Peter N.; Bush, Peter G.
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2011 v.262 no.12 pp. 2316-2327
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
climate; climate change; climax communities; ecosystem services; forest ecosystems; forest management; forest succession; forested watersheds; harvesting; landscape management; logging; old-growth forests; public water supply; sexual maturity; species diversity; sustainable forestry; timber supply; tree age; trees; water utilities; Nova Scotia
Abstract:
... The threat of climate change is now recognized as an imminent issue at the forefront of the forest sector. Incorporating adaptation to climate change into forest management will be vital in the continual and sustainable provision of forest ecosystem services. The objective of this study is to investigate climate change adaptation in forest management using the landscape disturbance model LANDIS-II ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.027

5. Optimized split-window coefficients for deriving surface temperatures from inland water bodies

Author:
Hulley, Glynn C.; Hook, Simon J.; Schneider, Philipp
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2011 v.115 no.12 pp. 3758-3769
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
algorithms; climate; climate change; freshwater; lakes; moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer; remote sensing; surface water; surface water temperature; California; Nevada
Abstract:
... Large inland water bodies constituting lakes, reservoirs and inland-seas are excellent proxy indicators for climate change. Using thermal infrared satellite data, a recent study found that a global set of inland water bodies showed significant warming in seasonal nighttime Lake Surface Water Temperatures (LSWTs) between 1985 and 2009. Split-window land surface temperature (LST) retrievals are typi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2011.09.014

6. Predicting satellite-derived patterns of large-scale disturbances in forests of the Pacific Northwest Region in response to recent climatic variation

Author:
Waring, Richard H.; Coops, Nicholas C.; Running, Steven W.
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2011 v.115 no.12 pp. 3554-3566
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
Pseudotsuga menziesii; climate; climate change; decision support systems; ecoregions; forests; insects; leaf area index; models; moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer; photosynthesis; prediction; remote sensing; satellites; soil fertility; soil water; trees; Pacific Ocean; Pacific States
Abstract:
... Across the Pacific Northwest, the climate between 1950 and 1975 was exceptionally cool and wet compared with more recent conditions (1995–2005). We reasoned that the changes in climate could result in expanded outbreaks of insects, diseases, and fire. To test this premise, we first modeled monthly variation in photosynthesis and growth of the most widely distributed species, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2011.08.017

7. The influence of climate change on the soil organic carbon content in Italy from 1961 to 2008

Author:
Fantappiè, M.; L'Abate, G.; Costantini, E.A.C.
Source:
Geomorphology 2011 v.135 no.3-4 pp. 343-352
ISSN:
0169-555X
Subject:
altitude; arable soils; atmospheric precipitation; biodiversity; carbon dioxide; carbon sinks; climate; climate change; databases; forests; information sources; kriging; land use planning; latitude; linear models; meadows; regression analysis; risk; soil depth; soil formation; soil organic carbon; space and time; temperature; Italy
Abstract:
... Soils are the biggest carbon store in the world (1500Gt, e.g. 1.5×10²¹g). The European Commission indicates the accounting of soil organic carbon (SOC) variations in space and time as the first step in the strategy for soil protection. It is indeed necessary in evaluating the risk of soil organic matter decline and soil biodiversity decline, and when evaluating the role played by soils in global C ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.02.006

8. Using seasonal climate forecasts to improve maize production decision support in Zimbabwe

Author:
Zinyengere, N.; Mhizha, T.; Mashonjowa, E.; Chipindu, B.; Geerts, S.; Raes, D.
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2011 v.151 no.12 pp. 1792-1799
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
El Nino; climate; climate change; crop models; crop yield; decision support systems; planting date; rain; risk; small-scale farming; uncertainty; Zimbabwe
Abstract:
... Maize production in marginal tropical regions is at great risk due to rainfall variability and climate change. Climate change is set to increase the variability and uncertainty of inter-annual rainfall. Farmers who depend on rainfed maize production for their livelihoods would therefore benefit from improved climate based forecasting of production likelihood. In this study we developed a simple ma ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.07.015

9. Will higher minimum temperatures increase corn production in Northeast China? An analysis of historical data over 1965–2008

Author:
Chen, Changqing; Lei, Chengxia; Deng, Aixing; Qian, Chunrong; Hoogmoed, Willem; Zhang, Weijian
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2011 v.151 no.12 pp. 1580-1588
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
air temperature; climate; climate change; corn; crop models; crop yield; drought; growing season; plant cultural practices; rain; regression analysis; China
Abstract:
... Recent crop model projections have shown that crop production may benefit from warming, especially in the high latitudes, but hard evidence is limited. In this study we conducted correlation and regression analyses of climate records of seventy-two meteorological stations and records of corn yield over the period 1965–2008 in Northeast China. It was found that over these forty-four years, the di ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.06.013

10. Climate Sensitivity Estimated from Temperature Reconstructions of the Last Glacial Maximum

Author:
Schmittner, Andreas; Urban, Nathan M.; Shakun, Jeremy D.; Mahowald, Natalie M.; Clark, Peter U.; Bartlein, Patrick J.; Mix, Alan C.; Rosell-Melé, Antoni
Source:
Science 2011 v.334 no.6061 pp. 1385-1388
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
carbon; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; climate models; emissions; simulation models; surface temperature; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Assessing the impact of future anthropogenic carbon emissions is currently impeded by uncertainties in our knowledge of equilibrium climate sensitivity to atmospheric carbon dioxide doubling. Previous studies suggest 3 kelvin (K) as the best estimate, 2 to 4.5 K as the 66% probability range, and nonzero probabilities for much higher values, the latter implying a small chance of high-impact climate ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1203513

11. Influence of climate variability on representative QDF predictions of the upper Blue Nile basin

Author:
Taye, Meron Teferi; Willems, Patrick
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2011 v.411 no.3-4 pp. 355-365
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
basins; climate; climate change; prediction; probability distribution; stream flow; temporal variation; water management; watershed hydrology; watersheds; Ethiopia; Nile River
Abstract:
... Investigation was made on the hydrological extremes of the upper Blue Nile basin in Ethiopia through the use of high and low flow probability distributions and flow-duration-frequency (QDF) relations. The dependence of QDF predictions on the period used for the analysis was investigated considering the possibility that short historical records might cover periods with a cluster of wet/dry years or ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.10.019

12. The Role of Carbon Dioxide During the Onset of Antarctic Glaciation

Author:
Pagani, Mark; Huber, Matthew; Liu, Zhonghui; Bohaty, Steven M.; Henderiks, Jorijntje; Sijp, Willem; Krishnan, Srinath; DeConto, Robert M.
Source:
Science 2011 v.334 no.6060 pp. 1261-1264
ISSN:
0036-8075
Subject:
carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; glaciation; ice; latitude; temperature profiles; Antarctic region
Abstract:
... Earth’s modern climate, characterized by polar ice sheets and large equator-to-pole temperature gradients, is rooted in environmental changes that promoted Antarctic glaciation approximately 33.7 million years ago. Onset of Antarctic glaciation reflects a critical tipping point for Earth’s climate and provides a framework for investigating the role of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) during major ...
DOI:
10.1126/science.1203909

13. Broad-scale ecosystem services of European wetlands—overview of the current situation and future perspectives under different climate and water management scenarios

Author:
Okruszko, Tomasz; Duel, Harm; Acreman, Mike; Grygoruk, Mateusz; Flörke, Martina; Schneider, Christof
Source:
Hydrological sciences journal 2011 v.56 no.8 pp. 1501-1517
ISSN:
2150-3435
Subject:
fish production; carbon sequestration; fish; groundwater; surface water; runoff; climate; land use change; groundwater recharge; General Circulation Models; ecosystem services; water management; climate change; biomass production; biodiversity; birds; wetlands; rivers; spawning; Belarus; Germany; France; Hungary; Central European region; Poland
Abstract:
... An appropriate hydrological regime within a wetland is essential to maintain its goods and services. This regime is related to the source of the water, which differs for particular kinds of wetlands. This paper presents an overview of the ecosystem services of European wetlands, based on a representative sample of 102 protected wetlands larger than 5000 ha, and the implications of hydrological alt ...
DOI:
10.1080/02626667.2011.631188

14. Evaluating climate justice – attitudes and opinions of individual stakeholders in the United Nations Framework Climate Change Convention Conference of the Parties

Author:
Hurlbert, Margot A.
Source:
Journal of integrative environmental sciences 2011 v.8 no.4 pp. 267-286
ISSN:
1943-8168
Subject:
United Nations; attitudes and opinions; climate; climate change; ethics; stakeholders; surveys; temperature
Abstract:
... Both conferences of the parties (COP) at Copenhagen (termed “Hopenhagen”) and Cancun were a disappointment as they failed to deliver a legally binding agreement that will ensure global temperature rise remains well below agreed on targets. Achieving this agreement would be the ultimate expression of climate justice. Arriving at this agreement may be facilitated by exploring a deeper definition of ...
DOI:
10.1080/1943815X.2011.599812

15. Integrating climate change adaptation and mitigation into sustainable development planning for Lijiang City

Author:
Xiao, Lishan; Li, Xinhu; Wang, Run
Source:
international journal of sustainable development and world ecology 2011 v.18 no.6 pp. 515-522
ISSN:
1745-2627
Subject:
carbon dioxide; cities; climate; climate change; emissions; energy; glaciers; land use; renewable energy sources; sustainable development; tourism; urban planning; water supply
Abstract:
... Cities are facing considerable challenges resulting from imminent climate change impacts. Urban planning to minimise adverse impacts of climate change at the city level can establish a climate-resilient city. Mitigation strategies to reduce CO₂ emissions would lead to a climate-friendly city. Integrating climate change adaptation and mitigation into sustainable city planning should not be merely a ...
DOI:
10.1080/13504509.2011.603761

16. Predicting the biodiversity response to climate change: challenges and advances

Author:
ELLIS, CHRISTOPHER J.
Source:
Systematics and biodiversity 2011 v.9 no.4 pp. 307-317
ISSN:
1478-0933
Subject:
biodiversity; biologists; botanical gardens; butterflies; climate; climate change; expert opinion; models; monitoring; prediction; trees
Abstract:
... This Perspective examines progress, challenges and emerging directions in bioclimatic modelling. The field of bioclimatic modelling provides a toolkit which is widely used to examine the biodiversity response to climate, including future scenarios of climate change. Bioclimatic modelling has been the subject of intense research in statistical ecology; here I trace its development from a highly res ...
DOI:
10.1080/14772000.2011.634448

17. Temporal and spatial variability of breeding in Australian birds and the potential implications of climate change

Author:
Gibbs, Heather M.; Chambers, Lynda E.; Bennett, Andrew F.
Source:
Emu 2011 v.111 no.4 pp. 283-291
ISSN:
1448-5540
Subject:
altitude; avifauna; biodiversity; birds; breeding; climate; climate change; data collection; geographical variation; latitude; nesting; rain; temporal variation; winter; Australia
Abstract:
... Climate change has profound implications for biodiversity worldwide. To understand its effects on Australia's avifauna, we need to evaluate the effects of annual climatic variability and geographical climate gradients. Here, we use national datasets to examine variation in breeding of 16 species of common and widespread Australian landbirds, in relation to four variables: altitude, latitude, year ...
DOI:
10.1071/MU10083

18. Adapting to climate change through local municipal planning: barriers and challenges

Author:
Measham, Thomas G.; Preston, Benjamin L.; Smith, Timothy F.; Brooke, Cassandra; Gorddard, Russell; Withycombe, Geoff; Morrison, Craig
Source:
Mitigation and adaptation strategies for global change 2011 v.16 no.8 pp. 889-909
ISSN:
1381-2386
Subject:
planning; leadership; climate change; local government; risk reduction; case studies; climate
Abstract:
... Municipal planning represents a key avenue for local adaptation, but is subject to recognised constraints. To date, these constraints have focused on simplistic factors such as limited resources and lack of information. In this paper we argue that this focus has obscured a wider set of constraints which need to be acknowledged and addressed if adaptation is likely to advance through municipal plan ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11027-011-9301-2

19. Agent-based model simulations of future changes in migration flows for Burkina Faso

Author:
Kniveton, Dominic; Smith, Christopher; Wood, Sharon
Source:
Global environmental change 2011 v.21S1 pp. S34
ISSN:
0959-3780
Subject:
arid lands; at-risk population; climate; climate change; decision making; economics; governance; politics; simulation models; Burkina Faso
Abstract:
... Attempts to quantify the numbers of migrants generated by changes in climate have commonly been calculated by projecting physical climate changes on an exposed population. These studies generally make simplistic assumptions about the response of an individual to variations in climate. However, empirical evidence of environmentally induced migration does not support such a structural approach and r ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.09.006

20. Anthropogenic impacts on suspended sediment load in the Upper Yangtze river

Author:
Wei, Jie; He, Xiubin; Bao, Yuhai
Source:
Regional environmental change 2011 v.11 no.4 pp. 857-868
ISSN:
1436-3798
Subject:
basins; climate; climate change; deforestation; drought; floods; humans; land restoration; land use; play activities; pollution load; rain; runoff; sediments; soil conservation; surveys; watersheds; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... Climate change and human disturbance drive catchment erosion and increase riverine sediment load sensitively in small and medium-sized watersheds. This is not always true in large basins, where aggregation and buffering effects have dampen the ability to determine the driving forces of sedimentation. Even though there are significant responses to sedimentation in large river basins, it is difficul ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10113-011-0222-0