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1. A century of tree line changes in sub-Arctic Sweden shows local and regional variability and only a minor influence of 20th century climate warming

Author:
Van Bogaert, Rik; Haneca, Kristof; Hoogesteger, Jan; Jonasson, Christer; De Dapper, Morgan; Callaghan, Terry V.
Source:
Journal of biogeography 2011 v.38 no.5 pp. 907-921
ISSN:
0305-0270
Subject:
moths; Rangifer tarandus; monitoring; geomorphology; models; trees; reindeer; global warming; Betula pubescens var. pumila; latitude; photography; treeline; climate; Sweden; Arctic region
Abstract:
... Aim Models project that climate warming will cause the tree line to move to higher elevations in alpine areas and more northerly latitudes in Arctic environments. We aimed to document changes or stability of the tree line in a sub-Arctic model area at different temporal and spatial scales, and particularly to clarify the ambiguity that currently exists about tree line dynamics and their causes. Lo ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02453.x

2. A climatic basis for microrefugia: the influence of terrain on climate

Author:
DOBROWSKI, SOLOMON Z.
Source:
Global change biology 2011 v.17 no.2 pp. 1022-1035
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
biogeography; climate; climate change; genetic variation; landscape position; landscapes
Abstract:
... There is compelling evidence from glacial and interglacial periods of the Quaternary of the utilization of microrefugia. Microrefugia are sites that support locally favorable climates amidst unfavorable regional climates, which allow populations of species to persist outside of their main distributions. Knowledge of the location of microrefugia has important implications for climate change researc ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02263.x

3. Adaptación y selección de cultivares de vid para vinos de calidad en clima caliente

Author:
Jiménez-Cantizano, A.; Puertas, B.; Serrano, M.J.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2011 no.910 pp. 89-101
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
climate; cultivars; soil; vegetables; vines; wines; Spain
Abstract:
... Currently, there is a general tendency to produce quality wines using international cultivars. These cultivars are considered malleable and universal because they adapted very well in different climatic and soil conditions. Nevertheless, this is causing a loss of originality and typicality on wines. To bet on autochthonous minority and local cultivars to produce quality wines lead to produce wines ...

4. Adaptation of mammalian host-pathogen interactions in a changing arctic environment

Author:
Hueffer, Karsten; O'Hara, Todd M.; Follmann, Erich H.
Source:
Acta veterinaria scandinavica 2011 v.53 pp. 131-135
ISSN:
1751-0147
Subject:
climate; foods; global warming; host-pathogen relationships; hosts; mammals; pathogens; photoperiod; temperature; Arctic region
Abstract:
... Many arctic mammals are adapted to live year-round in extreme environments with low winter temperatures and great seasonal variations in key variables (e.g. sunlight, food, temperature, moisture). The interaction between hosts and pathogens in high northern latitudes is not very well understood with respect to intra-annual cycles (seasons). The annual cycles of interacting pathogen and host biolog ...
DOI:
10.1186/1751-0147-53-17
PubMed:
21392401
PubMed Central:
PMC3061946

5. Adaptation options to reduce climate change vulnerability of sustainable forest management in the Austrian Alps

Author:
Seidl, Rupert; Rammer, Werner; Lexer, Manfred J.
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2011 v.41 no.4 pp. 694-706
ISSN:
0045-5067
Subject:
climate; climate change; ecosystem services; ecosystems; environmental factors; forest management; forests; guidelines; mixed stands; models; sustainable forestry; Alps region
Abstract:
... Sustaining forest ecosystem functions and services under climate change is a major challenge for forest management. While conceptual advances of adapting coupled social–ecological systems to environmental changes have been made recently, good practice examples at the operational level still remain rare. The current study presents the development of adaptation options for 164 550 ha of commercial f ...
DOI:
10.1139/x10-235

6. Adding value to field-based agronomic research through climate risk assessment: a case study of maize production in Kitale, Kenya

Author:
Dixit, P.N.; Cooper, P.J.M.; Dimes, J.; Rao, K.P.
Source:
Experimental agriculture 2011 v.47 no.2 pp. 317-338
ISSN:
0014-4797
Subject:
developmental stages; crop yield; seasonal variation; plant response; risk; meteorological data; weed control; production technology; rainfed farming; risk assessment; planting; climate models; case studies; climate; simulation models; water management; corn; soil water; temperature; nitrogen; farmers; fertilizers; rain; food production; crops; Kenya
Abstract:
... In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), rainfed agriculture is the dominant source of food production. Over the past 50 years much agronomic crop research has been undertaken, and the results of such work are used in formulating recommendations for farmers. However, since rainfall is highly variable across seasons the outcomes of such research will depend upon the rainfall characteristics of the seasons duri ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0014479710000773

7. Advancing breeding phenology in response to environmental change in a wild red deer population

Author:
MOYES, KELLY; NUSSEY, DANIEL H.; CLEMENTS, MICHELLE N.; GUINNESS, FIONA E.; MORRIS, ALISON; MORRIS, SEAN; PEMBERTON, JOSEPHINE M.; KRUUK, LOESKE E.B.; CLUTTON-BROCK, TIM H.
Source:
Global change biology 2011 v.17 no.7 pp. 2455-2469
ISSN:
1354-1013
Subject:
Cervus elaphus; birds; birth weight; breeding; climate; estrus; females; global warming; heat sums; males; mammals; parturition; phenology; plant growth; progeny; reproductive performance; spring; summer; temporal variation; Scotland
Abstract:
... Most evidence for advances in phenology of in response to recent climate warming in wild vertebrate populations has come from long-term studies of birds. Few studies have either documented phenological advances or tested their climatic causes and demographic consequences in wild mammal systems. Using a long-term study of red deer on the Isle of Rum, Scotland, we present evidence of significant tem ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02382.x

8. Advantages and constraints of CFD greenhouse modelling

Author:
Boulard, T.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2011 no.893 pp. 145-153
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
climate; fluid mechanics; greenhouses; mathematical models; sustainable development; system optimization
Abstract:
... For the first attempts to model the greenhouse climate using Computer Fluid Dynamics (CFD), this approach has gained ground and the number of studies in this field is continuously growing in an increasing variety of application domains. As illustrated by the acceleration of the number of publications and the abundance of review papers on this topic, this is now a mature study field. Thus, the obje ...

9. A Fresnel lenses based concentrated PV system in a greenhouse

Author:
Sonneveld, P.J.; Swinkels, G.L.A.M.; Tuijl, B.A.J. van; Janssen, H.J.J.; Gieling, T.H.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2011 no.893 pp. 343-350
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
climate; coatings; cooling; energy; glass; greenhouses; heat; solar energy; solar radiation; summer
Abstract:
... The scope of this investigation is the development and testing of a new type of greenhouse with an integrated linear Fresnel lens, receiver module and an innovative system for tracking to exploit all direct radiation in a solar energy system. The basic idea of this horticultural application is to develop a greenhouse for pot plants (typical shadow plants) that do not like direct radiation. Removin ...

10. A functional-structural plant model for cut roses - new techniques for modelling manipulation of plant structure

Author:
Buck-Sorlin, G.H.; Burema, B.; Vos, J.; Lieth, J.H.; Heuvelink, E.; Visser, P.H.B. de; Marcelis, L.F.M.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2011 no.893 pp. 705-711
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
harvesting; lamps; crop models; growers; plant growth; growth and development; greenhouses; shoots; flowers; methodology; pruning; photoperiod; crop management; climate; Rosa
Abstract:
... Experience is the main guide for cut rose growers to make decisions on crop management and climate control. Because of continuous change in cultivar characteristics and technology there is a need for a general theory, capturing how the number of flower shoots produced and their quality depend on the main determinants: plant structure (as a product of the interaction of natural growth and developme ...

11. Agronomical performance and fruit quality of 'Conference' pear grafted on clonal quince and pear rootstocks

Author:
Iglesias, I.; Asin, L.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2011 no.903 pp. 439-442
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Cydonia oblonga; Pyrus communis; calcareous soils; climate; fruit quality; pears; planting; quinces; rootstocks; trees; vigor; Spain
Abstract:
... Agronomical performance of ‘Conference’ pear on several rootstocks (Cydonia oblonga and Pyrus communis) was evaluated at IRTA Experimental Station of Lleida (northeastern Spain) in conditions of calcareous soils and warm climate. Trees were planted in February 2002 using a planting distance of 4×1.2 m and trained as central axis. No differences were recorded on blooming time period. Annual and cum ...

12. A landscape-level analysis of yellow-cedar decline in coastal British Columbia

Author:
Wooton, Claire E.; Klinkenberg, Brian
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research 2011 v.41 no.8 pp. 1638-1648
ISSN:
0045-5067
Subject:
Xanthocyparis nootkatensis; climate; decline; digital elevation models; forests; logit analysis; risk; snowpack; soil; temperature; trees; British Columbia
Abstract:
... Yellow-cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis D. Don (Spach)) is currently undergoing a dramatic decline in western North America. Recent research suggests that site factors combined with a shift in climate have predisposed yellow-cedar trees to decline. We conducted the first landscape-level analysis of the decline in coastal British Columbia to assess relations between the decline and topographic var ...
DOI:
10.1139/x11-061

13. A large-scale approach can help detect general processes driving the dynamics of brown trout populations in extensive areas

Author:
Alonso, Carlos; García de Jalón, Diego; Álvarez, Javier; Gortázar, Javier
Source:
Ecology of freshwater fish 2011 v.20 no.3 pp. 449-460
ISSN:
0906-6691
Subject:
Salmo trutta; models; data collection; spring; streams; watersheds; weather; population density; population growth; climate
Abstract:
... - Most studies on the population dynamics of stream-living salmonids have been conducted at the scale of a reach, a stream or a river basin. This can lead to overestimating the importance of local factors acting on a reduced scale compared to the more general factors that drive the dynamics of several populations. Two models were built on the basis of a data set from 60 sampling stations represent ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1600-0633.2011.00484.x

14. Alteration of NO3(-), PO4(3-) and SO4(2-) concentration on rose plants in response to greenhouse climate parameters and their concentration in the nutrient solution

Author:
Lykas, Ch.; Dimokas, G.; Kittas, C.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2011 no.893 pp. 1013-1019
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
air temperature; climate; greenhouses; leaves; light intensity; nutrient content; roots; shoots; solar radiation; temporal variation
Abstract:
... The objective of this work was to quantify temporal changes of NO3-, PO43- and SO42- concentration on leaves, shoots and roots of rose plants during a short growing period, in response to air temperature, light intensity and the concentration of the above mentioned anions in the nutrient solution. For this reason rose plants (×Rosa hybrid ‘Iceberg’) were placed in a glasshouse during September 200 ...

15. Altitudinal and seasonal variation in microsatellite allele frequencies of Drosophila buzzatii

Author:
BARKER, J.S.F.; FRYDENBERG, J.; SARUP, P.; LOESCHCKE, V.
Source:
Journal of evolutionary biology 2011 v.24 no.2 pp. 430-439
ISSN:
1010-061X
Subject:
Drosophila; altitude; climate; gene frequency; genetic variation; latitude; loci; microsatellite repeats; seasonal variation; temperature
Abstract:
... Variation in climate, particularly temperature, is known to affect the genetic composition of populations. Although there have been many studies of latitudinal variation, comparisons of populations across altitudes or seasons, particularly for animal species, are less common. Here, we study genetic variation (microsatellite markers) in populations of Drosophila buzzatii collected along altitudinal ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02180.x
PubMed:
21091575

16. Ambiguous climate impacts on competition between submerged macrophytes and phytoplankton in shallow lakes

Author:
KOSTEN, SARIAN; JEPPESEN, ERIK; HUSZAR, VERA L.M.; MAZZEO, NÉSTOR; Van NES, EGBERT H.; PEETERS, EDWIN T.H.M.; SCHEFFER, MARTEN
Source:
Freshwater biology 2011 v.56 no.8 pp. 1540-1553
ISSN:
0046-5070
Subject:
biomass; climate; climate change; lakes; nutrient content; oxygen; phosphorus; phytoplankton; pollution load; shade tolerance; submerged aquatic plants; South America
Abstract:
... 1. Shallow lakes may switch from a state dominated by submerged macrophytes to a phytoplankton-dominated state when a critical nutrient concentration is exceeded. We explore how climate change may affect this critical nutrient concentration by linking a graphical model to data from 83 lakes along a large climate gradient in South America. 2. The data indicate that in warmer climates, submerged mac ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02593.x

17. A Multivariate Clustering Approach for Characterization of the Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane Area

Author:
Nuñez, Jose C. Herrera; Ramazzotti, Solange; Stagnari, Fabio; Pisante, Michele
Source:
American journal of enology and viticulture 2011 v.62 no.2 pp. 239-244
ISSN:
0002-9254
Subject:
algorithms; climate; cultivars; geographic information systems; land classification; land use; planning; principal component analysis; topography; vines; Italy
Abstract:
... A multivariate clustering approach combined with geomatics was applied to delineate and define homogeneous zones (terroir units) within the premium Denomination of Guaranteed Origin Colline Teramane winegrowing area, in the Teramo Province, Italy. A geographical information system (GIS) architecture was set up to incorporate the main factors affecting the geographical differentiation of land capab ...
DOI:
10.5344/ajev.2010.10008

18. Analysis of radiation and transpiration heterogeneity inside a greenhouse impatiens crop using computational fluid dynamics

Author:
Bournet, P.E.; Kichah, A.; Chasseriaux, G.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2011 no.893 pp. 679-686
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
Impatiens; air temperature; canopy; climate; computer software; cultivars; energy balance; greenhouses; heat transfer; humidity; leaves; mechanical stress; models; photosynthesis; porous media; transpiration; turbulent flow; water vapor; wavelengths; wind
Abstract:
... The crop activity strongly interacts with the climate inside a greenhouse. The crop exerts a mechanical strain onto the flow and exchanges heat and water vapour with the surrounding environment. Conversely, the outside climate conditions (wind, air temperature and radiation) also affect the metabolism of plants. Up to now, the mechanisms involved in the transpiration process have been largely inve ...

19. An architectural-based tree training and pruning - identification of key features in the apple

Author:
Lauri, P.E.; Hucbourg, B.; Ramonguilhem, M.; Mery, D.
Source:
Acta horticulturae 2011 no.903 pp. 589-596
ISSN:
0567-7572
Subject:
alternate bearing; apples; branching; climate; cultivars; environmental factors; fruit quality; fruiting spurs; hybrids; longevity; profitability; pruning; soil; trees; wood; France
Abstract:
... High density planting systems, with their fast entrance into production and a high regular production level of high quality fruit face many challenges. In this context the development of minimal pruning strategies is crucial to reach and maintain the economic profitability along the orchard life span. A better knowledge of the cultivar-related growth, branching and fruiting habits, referred to as ...

20. An ENSO stability analysis. Part II: results from the twentieth and twenty-first century simulations of the CMIP3 models

Author:
Kim, Seon Tae; Jin, Fei-Fei
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1609-1627
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
El Nino; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; greenhouse gases; models
Abstract:
... In this study, a Bjerknes stability (BJ) index, proposed by Jin et al. (2006), is adopted to assess the overall stability of El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in state-of-the-art coupled models. The twentieth and twenty-first century simulations of 12 coupled models among the coupled model intercomparison project phase 3 models used in the intergovernmental panel on climate change forth asse ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0872-5