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1. Estimating evapotranspiration using an observation based terrestrial water budget

Author:
Rodell, Matthew; McWilliams, Eric B.; Famiglietti, James S.; Beaudoing, Hiroko K.; Nigro, Joseph
Source:
Hydrological processes 2011 v.25 no.26 pp. 4082-4092
ISSN:
0885-6087
Subject:
algorithms; atmospheric precipitation; climate change; climate models; evapotranspiration; observational studies; runoff; satellites; simulation models; soil water storage; time series analysis; tropics; uncertainty; watersheds; Brazil; Central Africa; Mississippi
Abstract:
... Evapotranspiration (ET) is difficult to measure at the scales of climate models and climate variability. While satellite retrieval algorithms do exist, their accuracy is limited by the sparseness of in situ observations available for calibration and validation, which themselves may be unrepresentative of 500 m and larger scale satellite footprints and grid pixels. Here, we use a combination of sat ...
DOI:
10.1002/hyp.8369

2. Multi‐model, multi‐sensor estimates of global evapotranspiration: climatology, uncertainties and trends

Author:
Vinukollu, Raghuveer K.; Meynadier, Remi; Sheffield, Justin; Wood, Eric F.
Source:
Hydrological processes 2011 v.25 no.26 pp. 3993-4010
ISSN:
0885-6087
Subject:
arid zones; evapotranspiration; uncertainty; monsoon season; models; climate change; humidity; soil water; surface temperature; remote sensing; energy balance; algorithms; satellites
Abstract:
... Estimating evapotranspiration (ET) at continental to global scales is central to understanding the partitioning of energy and water at the earth's surface and the feedbacks with the atmosphere and biosphere, especially in the context of climate change. Recent evaluations of global estimates from remote sensing, upscaled observations, land surface models and atmospheric reanalyses indicate large un ...
DOI:
10.1002/hyp.8393

3. Changes in migration phenology and biometrical traits of Reed, Marsh and Sedge Warblers

Author:
Kovács, Szilvia; Fehérvári, Péter; Nagy, Krisztina; Harnos, Andrea; Csörgő, Tibor
Source:
Open life sciences 2011 v.7 no.1 pp. 115-125
ISSN:
2391-5412
Subject:
Acrocephalus palustris; adults; autumn; biometry; birds; climate change; migratory behavior; phenology; spring
Abstract:
... Global environmental processes like climate change could severely affect population level migratory behaviour of long range migrant birds. We analyzed changes in migration phenology and biometrics of three closely-related long-distance migrant Acrocephalus species. We used the records of 12 063 Sedge, 12 913 Reed, and 5 409 Marsh Warblers caught and ringed between 1989–2009, at a Hungarian stopo ...
DOI:
10.2478/s11535-011-0101-1

4. Methods to empirically estimate direct and indirect rebound effect of energy-saving technological changes in households

Author:
Freire-González, Jaume
Source:
Ecological modelling 2011 v.223 no.1 pp. 32-40
ISSN:
0304-3800
Subject:
carbon; climate change; demand functions; emissions; energy efficiency; households; issues and policy; models
Abstract:
... Energy efficiency policies have a special importance within carbon emission reduction policies to mitigate the climate change effects. However, potential reductions of energy consumption and, consequently, its resulting emissions, can be offset through the so called “rebound effect”. The concept of “rebound effect” refers to a set of mechanisms whereby the improvement of efficiency reduces the cos ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.09.001

5. Agricultural biotechnologies in developing countries and their possible contribution to food security

Author:
Ruane, John; Sonnino, Andrea
Source:
Journal of biotechnology 2011 v.156 no.4 pp. 356-363
ISSN:
0168-1656
Subject:
Food and Agriculture Organization; agricultural biotechnology; agricultural industry; animal diseases; climate change; developing countries; farmers; fisheries; food security; forestry; genetic engineering; genetic improvement; genetic resources; genetically modified organisms; governance; livestock; nongovernmental organizations; scientists; trade; urbanization; Mexico
Abstract:
... Latest FAO figures indicate that an estimated 925 million people are undernourished in 2010, representing almost 16% of the population in developing countries. Looking to the future, there are also major challenges ahead from the rapidly changing socio-economic environment (increasing world population and urbanisation, and dietary changes) and climate change. Promoting agriculture in developing co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.06.013

6. Chronology and processes of fluvial terrace formation in northeastern Kinki district, southwest Japan, based on cryptotephra analysis

Author:
Ishimura, Daisuke; Kakiuchi, Yuya
Source:
Quaternary international 2011 v.246 no.1-2 pp. 190-202
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
climate change; eolian deposits; isotopes; tectonics; tephra; terraces; volcanoes; Japan
Abstract:
... Kinki district is a tectonically active area in southwest Japan. This area is located far from active volcanoes, and eolian deposits covering fluvial terrace deposits are not as thick as those in Kanto district. Thus, terrace chronology and processes of terrace formation previously were poorly established in Kinki district. Cryptotephra analysis identified invisible tephra horizons in eolian depos ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2011.08.039

7. Impact of climate change on sea level rise in Lagos, Nigeria

Author:
Fashae, Olutoyin Adeola; Onafeso, Olumide David
Source:
International journal of remote sensing 2011 v.32 no.24 pp. 9811-9819
ISSN:
1366-5901
Subject:
General Circulation Models; assets; capital; cities; climate change; coasts; ecosystems; freshwater; geographic information systems; issues and policy; risk; saltwater intrusion; sea level; tropics; Nigeria
Abstract:
... Sea level rise and ocean surge are the major potential impacts of climate change in the rapidly growing urban Lagos in Nigeria. Coastal inundation is, however, expected to increase problems of flooding and intrusion of sea water into freshwater sources and ecosystems, thereby heightening the social conflict already prevalent in this area. This article examines the historical trend in the coastal e ...
DOI:
10.1080/01431161.2011.581709

8. Late Pleistocene buried humic soils within a tephra-soil sequence near Unzen volcano, Kyushu, Japan

Author:
Inoue, Yudzuru; Nagaoka, Shinji; Sugiyama, Shinji
Source:
Quaternary international 2011 v.246 no.1-2 pp. 233-238
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
grasses; pleistocene soils; volcanic soils; soil organic matter; Sasa; phytoliths; climate change; carbon; soil horizons; C3 plants; vegetation; Japan
Abstract:
... Relatively few late Pleistocene buried humic soils in volcanic areas have been studied to date, because they are not common worldwide. The present study examined the origin of soil organic matter (SOM) in mainly late Pleistocene buried humic soils within a tephra-soil sequence near Unzen volcano, northeastern Shimabara Peninsula, Kyushu, SW Japan. The buried humic soil horizons were divided into s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2011.06.039

9. Remote sensing of climate change, long-term monitoring of air pollution and stone material corrosion in Estonia

Author:
Roots, Ott Otto; Roose, Antti; Eerme, Kalju
Source:
International journal of remote sensing 2011 v.32 no.24 pp. 9691-9705
ISSN:
1366-5901
Subject:
United Nations; air; air pollution; climate; climate change; corrosion; environmental factors; issues and policy; limestone; monitoring; remote sensing; Estonia
Abstract:
... The Fifth National Communication Under the Framework Convention on Climate Change covered the policies and activities in Estonia of the period 2006–2009. Climate change and air pollution cause significant damage, especially to various materials. Worldwide, 387 objects belong to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World heritage list, including the Old Town ...
DOI:
10.1080/01431161.2011.574163

10. Wheat yield and tillage–straw management system×year interaction explained by climatic co-variables for an irrigated bed planting system in northwestern Mexico

Author:
Verhulst, Nele; Sayre, Ken D.; Vargas, Mateo; Crossa, Jose; Deckers, Jozef; Raes, Dirk; Govaerts, Bram
Source:
Field crops research 2011 v.124 no.3 pp. 347-356
ISSN:
0378-4290
Subject:
bedding plants; burning; climate change; conventional tillage; developmental stages; evapotranspiration; filling period; foods; grain yield; income; irrigation; management systems; raised beds; relative humidity; seeds; straw; temperature; tillering; wheat; yield components; Mexico
Abstract:
... Wheat is an important food and income source and estimated demand for wheat in the developing world is projected to increase substantially. The objectives of this study were to gain insight into (i) the effect of tillage–straw system on yield and yield components (number of grains per m² and thousand kernel weight), (ii) the relation between climatic conditions and yield and yield components, (iii ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fcr.2011.07.002

11. A comparison of presettlement and modern forest composition along an elevation gradient in central New Hampshire

Author:
Vadeboncoeur, Matthew A.; Hamburg, Steven P.; Cogbill, Charles V.; Sugimura, Wendy Y.
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research = 2011 v.42 no.1 pp. 190-202
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
Acer; Betula; Fagus; Picea; Pinus; Quercus; case studies; climate change; climatic factors; cutting; forest inventory; forests; land surveying; land use; species diversity; trees; New Hampshire
Abstract:
... Tree species composition is influenced not only by edaphic and climatic factors but also by natural and human-caused disturbances. To understand interactions among these influences, we compared forest species composition data from the time of European settlement with modern data. We derived elevation data for 2529 trees mapped by early land surveys (1770–1850) across a 1000 m elevation gradient in ...
DOI:
10.1139/x11-169

12. Altitude and temperature dependence of change in the spring vegetation green-up date from 1982 to 2006 in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

Author:
Piao, Shilong; Cui, Mengdi; Chen, Anping; Wang, Xuhui; Ciais, Philippe; Liu, Jie; Tang, Yanhong
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2011 v.151 no.12 pp. 1599-1608
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
altitude; climate; climate change; plateaus; spring; statistical analysis; temperature; vegetation
Abstract:
... Research in phenology change has been one heated topic of current ecological and climate change study. In this study, we use satellite derived NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) data to explore the spatio-temporal changes in the timing of spring vegetation green-up in the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau from 1982 to 2006 and to characterize their relationship with elevation and tempera ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.06.016

13. Carbon dioxide fluxes in corn–soybean rotation in the midwestern U.S.: Inter- and intra-annual variations, and biophysical controls

Author:
Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo; Hatfield, Jerry L.; Parkin, Timothy B.; Sauer, Thomas J.; Prueger, John H.
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2011 v.151 no.12 pp. 1831-1842
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
eddy covariance; planting date; soil organic carbon; seasonal variation; soil respiration; biogeochemical cycles; additive effect; carbon dioxide; soil heterogeneity; ambient temperature; ecosystems; photosynthesis; land use change; Zea mays; Glycine max; soil water content; air temperature; corn; climate change; hysteresis; crop rotation; soybeans; growing season; crops; Iowa
Abstract:
... Quantifying carbon dioxide (CO₂) fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems is critical for better understanding of global carbon cycling and observed changes in climate. This study examined year-round temporal variations of CO₂ fluxes in two biennial crop rotations during 4 year of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production. We monitored CO₂ fluxes using eddy-covariance (EC) a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.07.017

14. Climate change economics and discounted utilitarianism

Author:
Hampicke, Ulrich
Source:
Ecological economics 2011 v.72 pp. 45-52
ISSN:
0921-8009
Subject:
climate; climate change; climate models; humans; income
Abstract:
... In the recent debate on climate change economics triggered by the Stern Review and his opponents, fundamental methodological issues emerge. It becomes obvious that different choices for some variables in the models applied lead to vastly different conclusions. Specifically, the choice of the pure time discount rate δ decides on whether immediate strong action (in the Stern Review) or a more modera ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.08.028

15. Considering sink strength to model crop production under elevated atmospheric CO2

Author:
Vanuytrecht, Eline; Raes, Dirk; Willems, Patrick
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2011 v.151 no.12 pp. 1753-1762
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
carbon dioxide; Zea mays; crop models; crop production; stomatal conductance; meta-analysis; breeding; Solanum tuberosum; corn; climate change; potatoes; air; model uncertainty; databases
Abstract:
... Climatic changes and elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations will affect crop growth and production in the near future. Rising CO₂ concentration is a novel environmental aspect that should be considered when projections for future agricultural productivity are made. In addition to a reducing effect on stomatal conductance and crop transpiration, elevated CO₂ concentration can stimulate crop produc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.07.011

16. Correlation between temperature and phenology prediction error in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Author:
van Oort, P.A.J.; Zhang, Tianyi; de Vries, M.E.; Heinemann, A.B.; Meinke, H.
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2011 v.151 no.12 pp. 1545-1555
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
Oryza sativa; climate change; crop models; drought; flowering; growing season; heat; heat sums; phenology; prediction; rice; simulation models; temperature
Abstract:
... For rice (Oryza sativa L.), simulation models like ORYZA2000 and CERES-Rice have been used to explore adaptation options to climate change and weather-related stresses (drought, heat). Output of these models is very sensitive to accurate modelling of crop development, i.e. phenology. What has to date received little attention in phenology calibration is the temperature range within which phenologi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.06.012

17. Determination of photosynthetic parameters Vcmax and Jmax for a C3 plant (spring hulless barley) at two altitudes on the Tibetan Plateau

Author:
Fan, Yuzhi; Zhong, Zhiming; Zhang, Xianzhou
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2011 v.151 no.12 pp. 1481-1487
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
C3 plants; air temperature; alpine plants; altitude; atmospheric pressure; carbon dioxide; climate change; climatic factors; electron transfer; leaves; photosynthesis; plateaus; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; spring barley
Abstract:
... On the Tibetan Plateau, the unique alpine climate factors of low air pressure, low CO₂ partial pressure and low air temperature have significant but non-explicit influences on the photosynthetic capacity of plants. To evaluate these influences, we measured the net photosynthetic rates for spring hulless barley leaves at two altitudes of 3688m (the low altitude) and 4333m (the high altitude), respe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.06.004

18. Drought-sensitivity ranking of deciduous tree species based on thermal imaging of forest canopies

Author:
Scherrer, Daniel; Bader, Martin Karl-Friedrich; Körner, Christian
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2011 v.151 no.12 pp. 1632-1640
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
drought; mixed stands; sap flow; summer; Tilia platyphyllos; deciduous forests; transpiration; Fraxinus excelsior; leaves; image analysis; forest trees; air temperature; Acer pseudoplatanus; climate change; canopy gaps; soil water potential; Fagus sylvatica; Prunus avium; Quercus petraea; forest canopy; water flow; Central European region
Abstract:
... Most climate change projections for Central Europe predict higher mean summer temperatures and prolonged summer drought periods. However, in diverse mixed forest stands we expect tree species specific responses to water shortage, as tree species are highly variable in rooting depth and physiological traits related to the water balance. Here, we assessed the drought sensitivity of the water relatio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.06.019

19. Estimating daily gross primary production of maize based only on MODIS WDRVI and shortwave radiation data

Author:
Sakamoto, Toshihiro; Gitelson, Anatoly A.; Wardlow, Brian D.; Verma, Shashi B.; Suyker, Andrew E.
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2011 v.115 no.12 pp. 3091-3101
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
Zea mays; canopy; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; chlorophyll; climate change; corn; crop production; irrigated conditions; models; moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer; photosynthetically active radiation; planting; primary productivity; remote sensing; seasonal variation; vegetation index; Nebraska
Abstract:
... Accurate assessment of temporal changes in gross primary production (GPP) is important for carbon budget assessments and evaluating the impact of climate change on crop productivity. The objective of this study was to devise a simple remote sensing-based GPP model to quantify daily GPP of maize. In the model, (1) daily shortwave radiation (SW), derived from the reanalysis data (North American Land ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2011.06.015

20. Estimating forest carbon fluxes for large regions based on process-based modelling, NFI data and Landsat satellite images

Author:
Härkönen, S.; Lehtonen, A.; Eerikäinen, K.; Peltoniemi, M.; Mäkelä, A.
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2011 v.262 no.12 pp. 2364-2377
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Landsat; carbon; climate change; eddy covariance; forest inventory; forests; image analysis; meteorological data; models; national forests; net ecosystem exchange; primary productivity; Northern European region
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a new approach for estimating forest carbon fluxes for large regions based on climate-sensitive process-based model, national forest inventory (NFI) data and satellite images. The approach was tested for Central Finland and Lapland with NFI field data and daily weather data from 2004 to 2008. The approach combines (1) a light use efficiency (LUE) m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.035