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1. Acaricidal activity of thymol on larvae and nymphs of Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae)

Author:
da Silva Mendes, Andressa; Daemon, Erik; de Oliveira Monteiro, Caio Márcio; Maturano, Ralph; Brito, Fernanda Calmon; Massoni, Tainara
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2011 v.183 no.1-2 pp. 136-139
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Amblyomma cajennense; acaricidal properties; dimethyl sulfoxide; larvae; nymphs; thymol
Abstract:
... The aim of the present study was to evaluate the acaricidal efficacy of thymol on unengorged and engorged larvae and engorged nymphs of Amblyomma cajennense. To perform the test for unengorged larvae, the larval packet technique was employed and mortality was evaluated 24h after the test, while for engorged larvae and engorged nymphs the immersion technique was employed and mortality was evaluated ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.07.007
PubMed:
21794986

2. Anthelmintic activity of Cymbopogon martinii, Cymbopogon schoenanthus and Mentha piperita essential oils evaluated in four different in vitro tests

Author:
Katiki, L.M.; Chagas, A.C.S.; Bizzo, H.R.; Ferreira, J.F.S.; Amarante, A.F.T.
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2011 v.183 no.1-2 pp. 103-108
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Cymbopogon martinii; Haemonchus contortus; Ischaemum; Mentha piperita; anthelmintics; ecdysis; eggs; essential oils; gas chromatography; gastrointestinal nematodes; geraniol; hatching; in vivo studies; industry; larvae; larval development; menthol; nematode control; oils; sheep
Abstract:
... Anthelmintic resistance is a worldwide concern in small ruminant industry and new plant-derived compounds are being studied for their potential use against gastrointestinal nematodes. Mentha piperita, Cymbopogon martinii and Cymbopogon schoenanthus essential oils were evaluated against developmental stages of trichostrongylids from sheep naturally infected (95% Haemonchus contortus and 5% Trichost ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.07.001
PubMed:
21820807

3. Proteolytic activity in Hysterothylacium aduncum (Nematoda: Anisakidae), a fish gastrointestinal parasite of worldwide distribution

Author:
Malagón, David; Benítez, Rocío; Adroher, Francisco Javier; Díaz-López, Manuel
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2011 v.183 no.1-2 pp. 95-102
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Hysterothylacium aduncum; adults; casein; culture media; cysteine proteinases; digestion; digestive tract; enzyme activation; enzyme inhibition; enzyme substrates; fish; fish diseases; gastrointestinal nematodes; host-parasite relationships; hosts; larvae; metalloproteinases; nematode infections; pH; pathogenesis; pepsin; proteolysis; serine proteinases; virulence
Abstract:
... Proteases have a significant role in the life cycle of parasites and the pathogen–host relationship, being regarded as important virulence factors. In the parasitic nematode Hysterothylacium aduncum proteolytic activity was measured during in vitro development from third larval stage (L3) to mature adult, using DQ red casein as a fluorogenic substrate. Proteolytic activity was detected in all the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.07.002
PubMed:
21802207

4. Saturation deficit and deer density affect questing activity and local abundance of Ixodes ricinus (Acari, Ixodidae) in Italy

Author:
Tagliapietra, V.; Rosà, R.; Arnoldi, D.; Cagnacci, F.; Capelli, G.; Montarsi, F.; Hauffe, H.C.; Rizzoli, A.
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2011 v.183 no.1-2 pp. 114-124
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Cervus elaphus; European Union; Ixodes ricinus; adults; animal and human health; arthropod-borne diseases; deer; disease vectors; larvae; latitude; linear models; nymphs; relative humidity; temperature; ticks; wood; Alps region; Italy
Abstract:
... The wood tick Ixodes ricinus, one of the most common arthropod-borne disease vectors, is of increasing relevance for human and animal health in Europe. The aim of this study was to determine the relative contribution of several abiotic and biotic factors potentially affecting questing activity and local abundance of I. ricinus in Italy, considering the scale at which these factors interact with th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.07.022
PubMed:
21820245

5. The distribution and spreading pattern of Dermacentor reticulatus over its threshold area in the Czech Republic—How much is range of this vector expanding?

Author:
Široký, Pavel; Kubelová, Michaela; Bednář, Marek; Modrý, David; Hubálek, Zdeněk; Tkadlec, Emil
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2011 v.183 no.1-2 pp. 130-135
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Dermacentor reticulatus; females; geographic information systems; host seeking; larvae; models; nymphs; prediction; probability; sex ratio; streams; ticks; vector-borne diseases; watersheds; Czech Republic
Abstract:
... Host-seeking Dermacentor reticulatus ticks were detected by flagging method at 46 localities at south-east part of the Czech Republic, in the basins of rivers Morava and Dyje. Exact north-west distribution limits of D. reticulatus were defined in this area for the first time. Detailed prediction map of probabilities of D. reticulatus occurrence was obtained using GIS analysis. Spatial model delimi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.07.006
PubMed:
21802855

6. Effectiveness of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae in agar gel formulations against larvae of the Colarado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Author:
Hussein, Hany; Adel, Manal; Gelbič, Ivan
Source:
Open life sciences 2011 v.7 no.1 pp. 77-82
ISSN:
2391-5412
Subject:
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Steinernema feltiae; agar; droplets; entomopathogenic nematodes; gels; greenhouse experimentation; insects; larvae; leaves; mortality; potatoes; Russia
Abstract:
... The entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae strain Ustinov Russia was used on potato foliage to control larvae of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Nematodes were applied in formulations of agar at 4%, 2%, 1% and 0.5% concentrations and compared to a control application of nematodes in water for nematode survival. Agar formulation signi ...
DOI:
10.2478/s11535-011-0090-0

7. Influence of microalgal species and dietary rations on larval development and survival of the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Stimpson, 1857)

Author:
Azad, A. Kalam; Pearce, Christopher M.; McKinley, R. Scott
Source:
Aquaculture 2011 v.322-323 pp. 210-217
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Chaetoceros muelleri; Dunaliella tertiolecta; Echinoidea; Isochrysis; body length; diet; feed rations; food processing; hatcheries; larvae; larval development; microalgae; survival rate
Abstract:
... This study evaluated the effect of diet and ration on the growth and survival of larvae of the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Larval total length, mid-line body length, body width, post-oral arm length, time to reach metamorphic competency, and survival rate were assessed during the experimental period (28days). In the first experiment, seven algal diets [i.e. Dunaliella tertiol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.09.029

8. Regulatory effects of mussel (Aulacomya maoriana Iredale 1915) larval settlement by neuroactive compounds, amino acids and bacterial biofilms

Author:
Alfaro, Andrea C.; Young, Tim; Ganesan, Annapoorna Maitrayee
Source:
Aquaculture 2011 v.322-323 pp. 158-168
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
5-hydroxytryptophan; Macrococcus; Pseudoalteromonas; acetylcholine; bacteria; biochemical mechanisms; biofilm; dopamine; epinephrine; gamma-aminobutyric acid; ions; larvae; mechanism of action; mortality; mussels; potassium; serotonin; toxicity
Abstract:
... Larval settlement responses of the ribbed mussel, Aulacomya maoriana Iredale 1915, were investigated after exposure to various chemicals and mono-species bacteria. Identification of settlement inductive compounds assists in the elucidation of intermediary biochemical mechanisms involved in the neuronal control of settlement behaviour downstream from primary cue reception. Neuroactive compounds and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.08.038

9. A new avocado pest in Central America (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with a key to Lepidoptera larvae threatening avocados in California

Author:
Gilligan, Todd M.; Brown, John W.; Hoddle, Mark S.
Source:
Zootaxa 2011 no.3137 pp. 31
ISSN:
1175-5334
Subject:
Elachistidae; Persea americana; Tortricidae; adults; avocados; descriptions; fruits; insect morphology; insect pests; insect taxonomy; larvae; life history; male genitalia; new geographic records; new species; plant pests; pupae; taxonomic keys; California; Guatemala; Mexico
Abstract:
... Cryptaspasma perseana Gilligan and Brown, new species, is described and illustrated from Mexico and Guatemala. This species is a potential pest of the fruit of cultivated avocado, Persea americana (Lauraceae). Images of adults, male secondary structures, male and female genitalia, eggs, larvae, and pupae are provided. Details of the life history are reviewed. We provide characters to differentiate ...
Handle:
10113/55264

10. Dynamic metabolic labeling of DNA in vivo with arabinosyl nucleosides

Author:
Neef, Anne B.; Luedtke, Nathan W.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011 v.108 no.51 pp. 20404-20409
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
DNA; Danio rerio; azides; biochemical pathways; biotechnology; cell cycle; cell viability; copper; drugs; genome; image analysis; larvae; necrosis; nucleosides; parturition; toxicity
Abstract:
... Commonly used metabolic labels for DNA, including 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) and BrdU, are toxic antimetabolites that cause DNA instability, necrosis, and cell-cycle arrest. In addition to perturbing biological function, these properties can prevent metabolic labeling studies where subsequent tissue survival is needed. To bypass the metabolic pathways responsible for toxicity, while maintaini ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1101126108
PubMed:
22143759
PubMed Central:
PMC3251089

11. Ets transcription factor Pointed promotes the generation of intermediate neural progenitors in Drosophila larval brains

Author:
Zhu, Sijun; Barshow, Suzanne; Wildonger, Jill; Jan, Lily Yeh; Jan, Yuh-Nung
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011 v.108 no.51 pp. 20615-20620
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
Drosophila; antagonists; brain; clones; larvae; neurons; stem cells; transcription (genetics); transcription factors
Abstract:
... Intermediate neural progenitor (INP) cells are transient amplifying neurogenic precursor cells generated from neural stem cells. Amplification of INPs significantly increases the number of neurons and glia produced from neural stem cells. In Drosophila larval brains, INPs are produced from type II neuroblasts (NBs, Drosophila neural stem cells), which lack the proneural protein Asense (Ase) but no ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1118595109
PubMed:
22143802
PubMed Central:
PMC3251047

12. Parasites of lake minnow, Eupallasella percnurus (Pall.): The state of knowledge and threats

Author:
Popiołek, Marcin; Kubizna, Joanna; Wolnicki, Jacek; Kusznierz, Jan
Source:
Archiwum rybactwa polskiego = 2011 v.19 no.3 pp. 167-173
ISSN:
2083-6139
Subject:
Nematoda; Trematoda; definitive hosts; geographical distribution; lakes; larvae; minnows; pathogenicity; tapeworms
Abstract:
... The lake minnow, Eupallasella percnurus (Pall.), has not been subject to any comprehensive ichthyoparasitological study; most information on its parasites comes from studies focused on other fish species. The knowledge of the geographical distribution of its parasites is especially incomplete. This paper presents the most up-to-date list of E. percnurus parasites throughout its distribution range. ...
DOI:
10.2478/v10086-011-0021-8

13. Analysis of Galleria mellonella hemolymph proteins profile after metalloproteinase immune challenge

Author:
Andrejko, Mariola; Mizerska-Dudka, Magdalena
Source:
Annales UMCS, Biologia 2011 v.66 no.1 pp. 135-142
ISSN:
2083-3563
Subject:
Galleria mellonella; elastase; gels; hemolymph; insect control; larvae; lysozyme; metalloproteinases; peptides; protein synthesis; proteins
Abstract:
... A comparison of the 2D gels of the metalloproteinase-immunized and control insects showed that elastase B and thermolysin were responsible for changes in the pattern of hemolymph proteins/peptides of Galleria mellonella larvae. It was found that the amount of apolp-III and lysozyme increased in response to injection of elastase B and thermolysin. Approximately 11 newly synthesized proteins/peptide ...
DOI:
10.2478/v10067-011-0024-2

14. Ethological defence mechanisms in insects. II. Active defence

Author:
Gromysz-Kałkowska, Kazimiera; Unkiewicz-Winiarczyk, Aneta
Source:
Annales UMCS, Biologia 2011 v.66 no.1 pp. 143-153
ISSN:
2083-3563
Subject:
defense mechanisms; insects; larvae; predators; probability
Abstract:
... Based on literature data, the current article presents active defence strategies employed in the world of insects. Examples of escape increasing the probability of survival of potential prey that has not only been localized but also already attacked are described here. Also, the modes of warding off predators adopted by threatened individuals as well as effectiveness of immobility have been discus ...
DOI:
10.2478/v10067-011-0025-1

15. A new in vitro test to evaluate the resistance level against acaricides of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Author:
Lovis, L.; Perret, J.-L.; Bouvier, J.; Fellay, J.-M.; Kaminsky, R.; Betschart, B.; Sager, H.
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2011 v.182 no.2-4 pp. 269-280
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Boophilus; Rhipicephalus; acaricides; bioassays; larvae; mortality; ticks
Abstract:
... In this article we present a new bioassay to assess the resistance status of ticks to acaricides. The Larval Tarsal Test (LTT) is a sensitive, highly time-effective in vitro test. It allows the investigation of a large number of compounds and doses on the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in a short period of time. The ability of the LTT to assess the lethal concentration at 50% mort ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.06.004
PubMed:
21741175

16. An intensive search for promising fungal biological control agents of ticks, particularly Rhipicephalus microplus

Author:
Fernandes, Éverton K.K.; Angelo, Isabele C.; Rangel, Drauzio E.N.; Bahiense, Thiago C.; Moraes, Áurea M.L.; Roberts, Donald W.; Bittencourt, Vânia R.E.P.
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2011 v.182 no.2-4 pp. 307-318
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Beauveria bassiana; Boophilus microplus; bioassays; biological control; biological control agents; calves; cold; conidia; entomopathogenic fungi; genotype; heat; heat tolerance; larvae; surface area; tick control; ticks; ultraviolet radiation; virulence
Abstract:
... Entomopathogenic fungi have been investigated worldwide as promising biological control agents of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus. The current study evaluates the virulence of several fungal isolates to R. microplus larva in the laboratory as part of an effort to identify isolates with promise for effective biocontrol of R. microplus in the field. Sixty fungal isolates, encompassing 5 Beau ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.046
PubMed:
21705145

17. Anthelmintic activity of Jatropha curcas L. seeds on Haemonchus contortus

Author:
Monteiro, Maria Vivina B.; Bevilaqua, Claudia M.L.; Morais, Selene M.; Machado, Lyeghyna K. Andrade; Camurça-Vasconcelos, Ana Lourdes F.; Campello, Claudio C.; Ribeiro, Wesley L.C.; Mesquita, Mayara de A.
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2011 v.182 no.2-4 pp. 259-263
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Haemonchus contortus; Jatropha curcas; acetates; ecdysis; eggs; ethanol; hatching; hexane; larvae; secondary metabolites; seeds; tannins; thiabendazole
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of hexane (HE), ethyl acetate (EA) and ethanol (EE) extracts obtained from the seeds of Jatropha curcas using the egg hatch inhibition assay (EHA) and the artificial larval exsheathment inhibition assay (LEIA). For the egg hatch assay, HE, EA and EE were used in concentrations of 3.12, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50mgml⁻¹, accompanied by a neg ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.04.010
PubMed:
21890274

18. Cannibalism, post-settlement growth rate and size refuge in a recruitment-limited population of the shore crab Carcinus maenas

Author:
Almeida, Maria João; González-Gordillo, Juan Ignácio; Flores, Augusto A.V.; Queiroga, Henrique
Source:
Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology 2011 v.410 pp. 72-79
ISSN:
0022-0981
Subject:
Carcinus maenas; Zostera; allometry; cannibalism; carrying capacity; collectors; crabs; habitats; juveniles; larvae; models; predation; predators; time series analysis
Abstract:
... Previous studies on intra-specific interactions among green shore crabs have been undertaken in very large populations, in which individuals concentrate at high densities in physically complex substrates. Under such conditions, cannibalism and interference competition often override initial density patterns delivered by larval supply. In this study, we focused on a Carcinus maenas population recei ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jembe.2011.10.011

19. Characterization of acid phosphatase from the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis

Author:
Zhang, Ping; Tian, Zhancheng; Liu, Guangyuan; Xie, Junren; Luo, Jin; Zhang, Liyan; Shen, Hui
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2011 v.182 no.2-4 pp. 287-296
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Haemaphysalis longicornis; Theileria sergenti; Western blotting; acid phosphatase; amino acids; antigens; antiserum; blood; complementary DNA; immunity; isoelectric point; larvae; messenger RNA; midgut; molecular weight; mortality; open reading frames; pH; phosphates; rabbits; rapid amplification of cDNA ends; recombinant proteins; ticks; vaccination; vaccine development; weight loss
Abstract:
... The full-length cDNA encoding acid phosphatase (HL-3) from Haemaphysalis longicornis was obtained by 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The cDNA contained a 1137bp open reading frame (ORF) coding for 356 amino acids with a predicted theoretical isoelectric point (pI) of 6.35 and molecular weight of 41.0kDa. The recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli. The enzyme could hydrol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.053
PubMed:
21715097

20. Characterization of a GABAA receptor β subunit in the abalone Haliotis asinina that is upregulated during larval development

Author:
Stewart, Praphaporn; Williams, Elizabeth A.; Stewart, Michael J.; Soonklang, Nantawan; Degnan, Sandie M.; Cummins, Scott F.; Hanna, Peter J.; Sobhon, Prasert
Source:
Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology 2011 v.410 pp. 53-60
ISSN:
0022-0981
Subject:
Algae; Haliotis asinina; abalone; antibodies; blood serum; cysteine; eggs; epithelium; gamma-aminobutyric acid; gene expression; genes; larvae; larval development; messenger RNA; metamorphosis; mucus; sensory neurons
Abstract:
... In the tropical abalone Haliotis asinina, the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a potent inducer of larval settlement, a process beginning with the onset of a behavioral search for a suitable substratum and ending with metamorphosis. In the natural environment, larvae can encounter GABA or GABA-like molecules through association with conspecific foot mucus and crustose coralline algae ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jembe.2011.10.005