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1. Carbon dioxide fluxes in corn–soybean rotation in the midwestern U.S.: Inter- and intra-annual variations, and biophysical controls

Author:
Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo; Hatfield, Jerry L.; Parkin, Timothy B.; Sauer, Thomas J.; Prueger, John H.
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2011 v.151 no.12 pp. 1831-1842
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
eddy covariance; planting date; soil organic carbon; seasonal variation; soil respiration; biogeochemical cycles; additive effect; carbon dioxide; soil heterogeneity; ambient temperature; ecosystems; photosynthesis; land use change; Zea mays; Glycine max; soil water content; air temperature; corn; climate change; hysteresis; crop rotation; soybeans; growing season; crops; Iowa
Abstract:
... Quantifying carbon dioxide (CO₂) fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems is critical for better understanding of global carbon cycling and observed changes in climate. This study examined year-round temporal variations of CO₂ fluxes in two biennial crop rotations during 4 year of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production. We monitored CO₂ fluxes using eddy-covariance (EC) a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.07.017

2. The influence of climate change on the soil organic carbon content in Italy from 1961 to 2008

Author:
Fantappiè, M.; L'Abate, G.; Costantini, E.A.C.
Source:
Geomorphology 2011 v.135 no.3-4 pp. 343-352
ISSN:
0169-555X
Subject:
altitude; arable soils; atmospheric precipitation; biodiversity; carbon dioxide; carbon sinks; climate; climate change; databases; forests; information sources; kriging; land use planning; latitude; linear models; meadows; regression analysis; risk; soil depth; soil formation; soil organic carbon; space and time; temperature; Italy
Abstract:
... Soils are the biggest carbon store in the world (1500Gt, e.g. 1.5×10²¹g). The European Commission indicates the accounting of soil organic carbon (SOC) variations in space and time as the first step in the strategy for soil protection. It is indeed necessary in evaluating the risk of soil organic matter decline and soil biodiversity decline, and when evaluating the role played by soils in global C ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.02.006

3. Greenhouse gas balance of harvesting stumps and logging residues for energy in Sweden

Author:
Lindholm, Eva-Lotta; Stendahl, Johan; Berg, Staffan; Hansson, Per-Anders
Source:
Scandinavian journal of forest research 2011 v.26 no.6 pp. 586-594
ISSN:
1651-1891
Subject:
bioenergy; biomass; carbon sinks; case studies; climate; coal; combustion; disturbed soils; emissions; energy; forests; fuels (fire ecology); greenhouse gases; harvesting; heat; life cycle assessment; logging; natural gas; soil organic carbon; stumps; Sweden
Abstract:
... In this case study, forest fuel procurement chains of stumps and logging residues were evaluated using a Life Cycle Assessment perspective. Direct emissions from combustion were not included, but soil organic carbon change was included as changes in carbon stocks in litter and soil. The results showed that primary forest biomass for energy has a climate impact which is time dependent. However, in ...
DOI:
10.1080/02827581.2011.615337

4. The effect of soil carbon on symbiotic nitrogen fixation and symbiotic Rhizobium populations in soil with Trifolium repens as host plant

Author:
Swanepoel, P A; Botha, P R; Truter, W F; Surridge-Talbot, A KJ
Source:
African journal of range & forage science 2011 v.28 no.3 pp. 121-127
ISSN:
1727-9380
Subject:
nitrogen fixation; saprophytes; soil organic carbon; Trifolium repens; nitrogen; pastures; host plants; soil quality; soil; edaphic factors; Rhizobium
Abstract:
... Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the main attribute of high-quality soil. The amount of nitrogen fixed by Rhizobium symbiotically with Trifolium repens (white clover) is ultimately determined by the quality of the soil environment. The effect of SOC on the total number of symbiotic and saprophytic rhizobia was determined. Subsequently, the amount of nitrogen (N) fixed was assessed by using the N diffe ...
DOI:
10.2989/10220119.2011.642096

5. A new method to determine soil organic carbon equilibrium

Author:
Lardy, R.; Bellocchi, G.; Soussana, J.-F.
Source:
Environmental modelling & software 2011 v.26 no.12 pp. 1759-1763
ISSN:
1364-8152
Subject:
environmental models; grasslands; simulation models; soil organic carbon; pastures; soil; methodology; soil nutrient dynamics; computer software; algorithms; Europe
Abstract:
... This work addresses the dynamical behaviour of the Pasture Simulation Model (PaSim), with respect to the equilibrium conditions for the five carbon (C) pools (structural, metabolic, active, slow, and passive) of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition, which are modelled according to CENTURY. A novel algebraic approach, based on a sequence of matrices and formulated using the Gauss-Jordan (G-J) el ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.05.016

6. Atypical soil carbon distribution across a tropical steepland forest catena

Author:
Johnson, Kristofer D.; Scatena, Frederick N.; Silver, Whendee L.
Source:
Catena 2011 v.87 no.3 pp. 391-397
ISSN:
0341-8162
Subject:
topography; simulation models; clay fraction; linear models; soil organic carbon; landscapes; iron; clay; regression analysis; soil depth; valleys; aluminum; organic soils; catenas; ammonium oxalate; forests; Puerto Rico
Abstract:
... Soil organic carbon (SOC) in a humid subtropical forest in Puerto Rico is higher at ridge locations compared to valleys, and therefore opposite to what is commonly observed in other forested hillslope catenas. To better understand the spatial distribution of SOC in this system, plots previously characterized by topographic position, vegetation type and stand age were related to soil depth and SOC. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2011.07.008

7. Carbon pools and soil biochemical properties in manure‐based organic farming systems of semi‐arid New Mexico

Author:
Jacinthe, P.‐A.; Shukla, M. K.; Ikemura, Y.
Source:
Soil use and management 2011 v.27 no.4 pp. 453-463
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
Gossypium arboreum; ammonium nitrate; animal wastes; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; correlation; cotton; irrigated farming; land application; microbial biomass; nutrients; organic production; production technology; soil biological properties; soil microorganisms; soil organic carbon; soil respiration; urea; New Mexico
Abstract:
... The economic benefits of organic agriculture and its wide adoption are well documented, but the impact of that practice on soil C dynamics in irrigated croplands of semi‐arid regions is less well understood. In manure‐based organic production systems, land applications of animal wastes not only provide nutrients but could also contribute to soil carbon sequestration. A study was conducted in irrig ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00369.x

8. Carbon storage in low‐alpine grassland soils: effects of different grazing intensities of sheep

Author:
Martinsen, V.; Mulder, J.; Austrheim, G.; Mysterud, A.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2011 v.62 no.6 pp. 822-833
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
mineralization; stocking rate; soil organic carbon; plant communities; sheep; organic horizons; carbon sinks; carbon sequestration; grazing intensity; mineral content; grasslands; grassland soils
Abstract:
... Grazing in outlying fields has a long history and is important in local communities worldwide. During the last few decades, grazing pressure has both decreased and increased in alpine ecosystems, but little is known about the effects on soil carbon storage. As part of a sheep grazing experiment with three sheep stocking rates of no sheep (control), 25 and 80 sheep km−2, we tested effects of grazin ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2011.01393.x

9. Catchment-scale spatial variability of soil properties and implications on site-specific soil management in northern Ethiopia

Author:
Tesfahunegn, Gebreyesus Brhane; Tamene, Lulseged; Vlek, Paul L.G.
Source:
Soil & tillage research 2011 v.117 pp. 124-139
ISSN:
0167-1987
Subject:
soil organic carbon; agroforestry; exchangeable calcium; watershed management; clay; watersheds; sand; phosphorus; kriging; nitrogen content; geostatistics; iron; soil heterogeneity; bulk density; tropics; exchangeable potassium; soil surveys; design for environment; ecosystems; silt; cation exchange capacity; ecosystem services; soil quality; environmental management; exchangeable magnesium; soil sampling; crop rotation; soil nutrients; farmers; fertilizer rates; conservation tillage; Ethiopia
Abstract:
... Scientific information on the spatial variability and distribution of soil properties is critical for understanding ecosystem processes and designing sustainable soil–crop and environmental management decisions. However, little is known on spatial distribution and variability of soil properties at catchment-scale in many tropical developing regions including Ethiopia. This study aims to examine ca ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.still.2011.09.005

10. Contamination, source identification, and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural soil of Shanghai, China

Author:
Jiang, YuFeng; Wang, XueTong; Wu, MingHong; Sheng, GuoYing; Fu, JiaMo
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2011 v.183 no.1-4 pp. 139-150
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
agricultural soils; biomass; carcinogenicity; coal; combustion; islands; isomers; molecular weight; petroleum; pollutants; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; principal component analysis; risk assessment; soil organic carbon; soil properties; soil quality; soil sampling; China; Netherlands
Abstract:
... The level, distribution, compositional pattern, and possible sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soil of Shanghai were investigated. The concentrations ranged from 140.7 to 2,370.8 μg kg − 1 for 21 PAHs and from 92.2 to 2,062.7 μg kg − 1 for 16 priority PAHs, respectively. The higher level of PAHs was mainly distributed in the south and west of Shanghai region, and t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-011-1913-1
PubMed:
21360000

11. Estimating and mapping the carbon saturation deficit of French agricultural topsoils

Author:
Angers, D. A.; Arrouays, D.; Saby, N. P. A.; Walter, C.
Source:
Soil use and management 2011 v.27 no.4 pp. 448-452
ISSN:
0266-0032
Subject:
orchards; agricultural soils; sandy soils; soil organic carbon; vineyards; meadows; livestock production; national deficit; farming systems; clay; arable soils; temperature; land use; climatic factors; databases
Abstract:
... The concept of soil organic C (SOC) saturation suggests that the quantity of stable SOC is limited and determined by the amount of fine particles (clay + fine silt, Clay + fSilt). The difference between the theoretical SOC saturation value and the measured SOC one for the fine fraction corresponds to the soil’s saturation deficit and may represent the potential for SOC sequestration in a ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00366.x

12. Impact of woody encroachment on soil organic carbon and nitrogen in abandoned agricultural lands along a rainfall gradient in Italy

Author:
Alberti, G.; Leronni, V.; Piazzi, M.; Petrella, F.; Mairota, P.; Peressotti, A.; Piussi, P.; Valentini, R.; Gristina, L.; La Mantia, T.; Novara, A.; Rühl, J.
Source:
Regional environmental change 2011 v.11 no.4 pp. 917-924
ISSN:
1436-3798
Subject:
land use change; temperature; soil organic carbon; nitrogen; pastures; global change; leaching; soil; carbon sinks; rain; woody plants; ecosystems; ecological invasion; abandoned land; grasslands; biogeochemical cycles; Italy; Sicily; Alps region
Abstract:
... Land use changes represent one of the most important components of global environmental change and have a strong influence on carbon cycling. As a consequence of changes in economy during the last century, areas of marginal agriculture have been abandoned leading to secondary successions. The encroachment of woody plants into grasslands, pastures and croplands is generally thought to increase the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10113-011-0229-6

13. Impacts of 22-year organic and inorganic N managements on soil organic C fractions in a maize field, northeast China

Author:
Lou, Yilai; Wang, Jingkuan; Liang, Wenju
Source:
Catena 2011 v.87 no.3 pp. 386-390
ISSN:
0341-8162
Subject:
Zea mays; soil organic carbon; cropping systems; corn; microbial biomass; soil; carbon sequestration; grain yield; potassium permanganate; field experimentation; soil productivity; surface storage; nitrogen fertilizers; China
Abstract:
... Impacts of 22-year organic and inorganic N managements on total organic carbon (TOC), water-soluble organic C (WSOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), particulate organic C (POC) and KMnO₄ oxidized organic C (KMnO₄-C) concentrations, C management index (CMI), and C storage in surface soil (0–20cm) were investigated in a maize (Zea may L.) field experiment, Northeast China. The treatments included, CK: u ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2011.07.006

14. Long-term impact of farming practices on soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools and microbial biomass and activity

Author:
Wang, Yi; Tu, Cong; Cheng, Lei; Li, Chunyue; Gentry, Laura F.; Hoyt, Greg D.; Zhang, Xingchang; Hu, Shuijin
Source:
Soil & tillage research 2011 v.117 pp. 8-16
ISSN:
0167-1987
Subject:
Festuca; Food and Agriculture Organization; carbon dioxide; carbon sinks; conventional tillage; farming systems; fractionation; grasses; grasslands; humid zones; long term experiments; microbial activity; microbial biomass; no-tillage; soil density; soil fertility; soil organic carbon; soil texture; sustainable agriculture; Appalachian region; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Conventional agriculture with intensive tillage and high inputs of synthetic chemicals has critically depleted the soil C pools. Alternative practices such as no-tillage and organic inputs have been shown to increase soil C content. However, the long-term impact of these practices on soil C pools was not fully understood under humid and warm climate conditions such as the southeast USA. We hypothe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.still.2011.08.002

15. Modeling Carbon Dynamics in Paddy Soils in Jiangsu Province of China with Soil Databases Differing in Spatial Resolution

Author:
XU, Sheng-Xiang; SHI, Xue-Zheng; ZHAO, Yong-Cun; YU, Dong-Sheng; WANG, Shi-Hang; ZHANG, Li-Ming; LI, C.S.; TAN, Man-Zhi
Source:
Pedosphere 2011 v.21 no.6 pp. 696-705
ISSN:
1002-0160
Subject:
agroecosystems; soil organic carbon; uncertainty; data collection; models; carbon sequestration; paddy soils; paddies; case studies; databases; China
Abstract:
... A number of process-based models have been developed for quantifying carbon (C) sequestration in agro-ecosystems. The DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model was used to simulate and quantify long-term (1980–2008) soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in the important rice-producing province, Jiangsu, China. Changes in SOC storages were estimated from two soil databases differing in spatial resolu ...
DOI:
10.1016/S1002-0160(11)60172-0

16. Perspectives on studies on soil carbon stocks and the carbon sequestration potential of China

Author:
Zheng, JuFeng; Cheng, Kun; Pan, GenXing; Pete, Smith; Li, LianQing; Zhang, XuHui; Zheng, JinWei; Han, XiaoJun; Du, YanLing
Source:
Chinese science bulletin 2011 v.56 no.35 pp. 3748-3758
ISSN:
1001-6538
Subject:
soil organic carbon; agricultural land; greenhouse gas emissions; soil; watersheds; carbon sinks; carbon sequestration; global warming; ecosystems; case studies; land use planning; China
Abstract:
... Soil carbon stocks and sequestration have been given a lot of attention recently in the study of terrestrial ecosystems and global climate change. This review focuses on the progress made on the estimation of the soil carbon stocks of China, and the characterization of carbon dynamics of croplands with regard to climate change, and addresses issues on the mineralization of soil organic carbon in r ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11434-011-4693-7

17. Population dynamics and identification of efficient strains of Azospirillum in maize ecosystems of Bihar (India)

Author:
Verma, Rinkee; Chourasia, S. K.; Jha, M. N.
Source:
3 Biotech 2011 v.1 no.4 pp. 247-253
ISSN:
2190-572X
Subject:
Azospirillum; Zea mays; acetylene reduction; corn; corn soils; cultivars; ecosystems; fertilizers; indole acetic acid; inoculum; intercropping; land use; microbial communities; nitrogen; nitrogen fixation; no-tillage; oats; pH; plant growth; population dynamics; rhizosphere; soil organic carbon; temperature; India
Abstract:
... Information on inoculum load and diversity of native microbial community is an important prerequisite for crop management of microbial origin. Azospirillum has a proven role in benefiting the maize (Zea mays) crop in terms of nutrient (nitrogen) supply as well as plant growth enhancement. Bihar state has highest average national maize productivity although fertilizer consumption is minimum, indica ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13205-011-0031-7

18. Sample preparation and selection for qualitative and quantitative analyses of soil organic carbon with mid‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy

Author:
Stumpe, B.; Weihermüller, L.; Marschner, B.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2011 v.62 no.6 pp. 849-862
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
algorithms; clay; clay minerals; grinding; land use; least squares; models; pH; prediction; principal component analysis; qualitative analysis; quartz; reflectance; sand; soil depth; soil organic carbon; soil sampling; spectroscopy; texture
Abstract:
... Mid‐infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) is a well‐established analytical tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis of soil samples. However, effects of soil sample grinding procedures on the prediction accuracy of MIR models and on qualitative spectral information have not been well investigated and, in consequence, not standardized up to now. Further, the effects of soil sample selection on the acc ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2011.01401.x

19. Soil Carbon Sequestration Potential for “Grain for Green” Project in Loess Plateau, China

Author:
Chang, Ruiying; Fu, Bojie; Liu, Guohua; Liu, Shuguang
Source:
Environmental management 2011 v.48 no.6 pp. 1158-1172
ISSN:
0364-152X
Subject:
plateaus; carbon dioxide; soil organic carbon; shrubs; agricultural land; soil; carbon sequestration; soil erosion; grasslands; forests; China
Abstract:
... Conversion of cropland into perennial vegetation land can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation, which might be an important mitigation measure to sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The “Grain for Green” project, one of the most ambitious ecological programmes launched in modern China, aims at transforming the low-yield slope cropland into grassland and woodland. The Loess Pla ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00267-011-9682-8
PubMed:
21553107

20. Soil Fertility Indices of Citrus Orchard Land Along Topographic Gradients in the Three Gorges Area of China

Author:
WU, Dian-Ming; YU, Yuan-Chun; XIA, Li-Zhong; YIN, Shi-Xue; YANG, Lin-Zhang
Source:
Pedosphere 2011 v.21 no.6 pp. 782-792
ISSN:
1002-0160
Subject:
Citrus; Trifolium repens; Triticum aestivum; agroecosystems; crop production; freshwater; intercropping; mulching; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nonpoint source pollution; peanuts; phosphorus; potassium; soil erosion; soil fertility; soil organic carbon; soil water; straw; water reservoirs; wheat; China
Abstract:
... In the Three Gorges Area of China, soil erosion and the resultant non-point source pollution and ecological degradation have endangered agricultural ecosystems and fresh water reservoirs. Although efforts have been undertaken to reduce soil and water losses from slope land used for citrus production, information on the effects of management practices on soil fertility indices is either limited or ...
DOI:
10.1016/S1002-0160(11)60182-3

21. Soil Properties and Wheat Growth and Nutrients as Affected by Compost Amendment Under Saline Water Irrigation

Author:
MAHDY, A.M.
Source:
Pedosphere 2011 v.21 no.6 pp. 773-781
ISSN:
1002-0160
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; adsorption; alkaline soils; calcium; composts; crop production; dry matter accumulation; edaphic factors; electrical conductivity; greenhouse experimentation; irrigation rates; irrigation water; magnesium; nutrients; saline water; salts; sandy clay loam soils; shoots; sodium; soil organic carbon; soil productivity; soil salinity; soil water; solubility; tap water; water salinity; wheat
Abstract:
... A greenhouse experiment was conducted to test and compare the suitability of saline compost and saline irrigation water for nutrient status amendment of a slightly productive sandy clay loam soil, to study the macronutrient utilization and dry matter production of wheat (Triticum aestivum c.v. Gemmiza 7) grown in a modified soil environment and to determine the effects of compost and saline irriga ...
DOI:
10.1016/S1002-0160(11)60181-1

22. Soils and climate change

Author:
Kutílek, Miroslav
Source:
Soil & tillage research 2011 v.117 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
0167-1987
Subject:
land use change; greenhouse gases; carbon dioxide; soil organic carbon; tillage; soil; global warming; emissions; humification
Abstract:
... There is an increasing number of papers published in the journal Soil and Tillage Research where the aim of the research on soil tillage and related processes has been directed more to the study on CO₂ emissions triggering of the climate change than to soil science. The rise of CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere has been taken as the dominant factor causing the recent global warming and the reduc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.still.2011.08.009

23. The effects of stubble retention and tillage practices on surface soil structure and hydraulic conductivity of a loess soil

Author:
Zhang, Guosheng; Chan, K.Y.; Li, G.D.; Huang, Gaobao
Source:
Acta ecologica Sinica 2011 v.31 no.6 pp. 298-302
ISSN:
1872-2032
Subject:
conservation practices; conventional tillage; cropping systems; loess soils; no-tillage; saturated hydraulic conductivity; silt loam soils; soil conservation; soil organic carbon; soil structure; stubble; stubble tillage
Abstract:
... The current cropping system of excessive tillage and stubble removal in the northwestern Loess Plateau of China is clearly unsustainable. A better understanding of tillage and stubble management on surface soil structure is vital for the development of effective soil conservation practices in the long term. Changes in surface soil structure and hydraulic properties were measured after 4years of st ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chnaes.2011.07.006

24. Use of RothC to simulate changes of organic carbon stock in the arable layer of a Mollisol of the southeastern Pampas under continuous cropping

Author:
Studdert, Guillermo A.; Monterubbianesi, M. Gloria; Domínguez, Germán F.
Source:
Soil & tillage research 2011 v.117 pp. 191-200
ISSN:
0167-1987
Subject:
Mollisols; linear models; long term experiments; primary productivity; probability; conventional tillage; pastures; soil organic carbon; crop residues; soil quality; least squares; model validation; carbon sinks; grain yield; temperate zones; continuous cropping; crop rotation; cropping sequence; nitrogen fertilizers
Abstract:
... Soil organic matter (SOM) is a key soil component that determines soil quality and health, but its dynamics is driven by complex processes. RothC is a simple model that can be used to simulate SOM content changes in order to plan and recommend soil management practices. The aim of this work was to validate RothC with SOM stock information from two long term experiments carried out at Balcarce, Arg ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.still.2011.10.006

25. Contribution of root and rhizosphere respiration of Haloxylon ammodendron to seasonal variation of soil respiration in the Central Asian desert

Author:
Zhao, ChengYi; Zhao, ZhiMin; Yilihamu,; Hong, Zhu; Jun, Li
Source:
Quaternary international 2011 v.244 no.2 pp. 304-309
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
carbon dioxide; correlation; rhizosphere; nitrogen content; shrubs; soil organic carbon; soil temperature; microbial biomass; fungi; pH; canopy gaps; seasonal variation; calcium carbonate; Haloxylon ammodendron; population; soil respiration; soil water; forests
Abstract:
... Temporal changes in soil CO₂ efflux rate was measured by a canopy gap method in a temperate natural shrub forest in the Central Asian Desert. Soil CO₂ efflux rate in situ was correlated with key soil biotic (e.g. fungal, bacterial and actinomycetes populations) and abiotic (e.g. soil moisture, temperature, pH and organic carbon concentration) variables. Root and rhizosphere respiration originating ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2010.11.004

26. Does tree species composition control soil organic carbon pools in Mediterranean mountain forests?

Author:
Díaz-Pinés, Eugenio; Rubio, Agustín; Van Miegroet, Helga; Montes, Fernando; Benito, Marta
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2011 v.262 no.10 pp. 1895-1904
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
Quercus pyrenaica; soil organic carbon; montane forests; mineral soils; forest litter; pure stands; trees; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; carbon nitrogen ratio; Pinus sylvestris; particulates; species diversity; minerals; topsoil; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... We compared soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and stability under two widely distributed tree species in the Mediterranean region: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) at their ecotone. We hypothesised that soils under Scots pine store more SOC and that tree species composition controls the amount and biochemical composition of organic matter inputs, but does ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2011.02.004

27. Effects of Organic Amendments on Productivity and Profitability of Bell Pepper–French Bean–Garden Pea System and on Soil Properties during Transition to Organic Production

Author:
Gopinath, K. A.; Saha, Supradip; Mina, B. L.
Source:
Communications in soil science and plant analysis 2011 v.42 no.21 pp. 2572-2585
ISSN:
1532-2416
Subject:
Azotobacter; Pisum sativum subsp. sativum var. sativum; Pseudomonas putida; Rhizobium; acid phosphatase; beta-glucosidase; bulk density; crop yield; enzyme activity; green beans; nutrient management; organic production; peas; phosphorus; poultry manure; profitability; soil fertility; soil organic carbon; soil properties; sweet peppers
Abstract:
... A transition period of at least 2 years is required for annual crops before the produce may be certified as organically grown. There is a need to better understand the various management options for a smooth transition from conventional to organic production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different organic amendments and biofertilizers (BFs) on productivity and profitabi ...
DOI:
10.1080/00103624.2011.614033

28. Modeling catchment controls on organic carbon fluxes in a meso-scale mountainous river (Luodingjiang), China

Author:
Zhang, Shurong; Lu, Xi Xi; Sun, Huiguo; Han, Jingtai
Source:
Quaternary international 2011 v.244 no.2 pp. 296-303
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
basins; rivers; soil organic carbon; suspended sediment; bedrock; data collection; granite; least squares; models; environmental factors; watersheds; dissolved organic carbon; anthropogenic activities; erodibility; sandstone; China
Abstract:
... This study applied a partial least square regression (PLSR) technique to investigate the relationships between organic carbon fluxes and catchment environmental factors in the Luodingjiang, a meso-scale mountainous tributary of the Zhujiang (Pearl River), China. Catchment environmental characteristics were extracted from various ecological datasets, and river data were developed based on 13 sampli ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2010.11.008

29. Buttresses induced habitat heterogeneity increases nitrogen availability in tropical rainforests

Author:
Pandey, C.B.; Singh, Lalita; Singh, S.K.
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2011 v.262 no.9 pp. 1679-1685
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
correlation; mineralization; tropical rain forests; nitrogen content; islands; soil organic carbon; landscapes; forest litter; nitrogen; nitrification; microhabitats; microbial biomass; trees; rain; wet season; biogeochemical cycles; India
Abstract:
... Role of buttresses as a physical support to trees is well known, however, information on how buttresses form habitat heterogeneity and increase availability of nitrogen (N) in tropical rainforests is not yet much known. This study reports consequence of buttresses induced habitat heterogeneity on build up and supply of mineral N in a tropical rainforest of the South Andaman Islands of India. Treat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2011.07.019

30. Carbon pools and temporal dynamics along a rotation period in Quercus dominated high forest and coppice with standards stands

Author:
Bruckman, Viktor J.; Yan, Shuai; Hochbichler, Eduard; Glatzel, Gerhard
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2011 v.262 no.9 pp. 1853-1862
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
soil organic carbon; management systems; soil depth; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; roots; forests; forest stands; soil horizons; climate; chronosequences; mineralization; mineral soils; biomass production; Quercus petraea; aboveground biomass; forest management; rain; carbon nitrogen ratio; topsoil; Austria
Abstract:
... Carbon pools in two Quercus petraea (sessile oak) dominated chronosequences under different forest management (high forest and coppice with standards) were investigated. The objective was to study temporal carbon dynamics, in particular carbon sequestration in the soil and woody biomass production, in common forest management systems in eastern Austria along with stand development. The chronoseque ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.006

31. Effect of soil amendment with thin stillage and glycerol on plant growth and soil properties

Author:
Qian, Peiyuan; Schoenau, Jeff; Urton, Ron
Source:
Journal of plant nutrition 2011 v.34 no.14 pp. 2206-2221
ISSN:
1532-4087
Subject:
soil organic carbon; soil properties; wheat; soil amendments; crop yield; nutrients; bioenergy industry; phosphorus; dry matter accumulation; soil fertility; hydrogen; metals; oxygen; plant growth; canola; glycerol; byproducts; ethanol production; biodiesel; biomass; salinity; nitrogen; fertilizers; microorganisms; pH; urea; Saskatchewan
Abstract:
... Controlled environment experiments were set up in 2007 and 2008 to evaluate the potential of using by-products of the biofuel industry as soil amendments to improve fertility and plant growth in Saskatchewan soils. Trials were run with thin stillage (a by-product of ethanol production) and glycerol (by-product of biodiesel production). Canola (B. napus L.) and wheat (T. aestivum) were grown as the ...
DOI:
10.1080/01904167.2011.618579

32. Impacts of Deforestation and Land Cover Change on Mountain Soils in Hrazdan, Armenia

Author:
Rhoades, Jason L.; Demyan, Michael Scott; Orr, Blair
Source:
Journal of sustainable forestry 2011 v.30 no.7 pp. 677-696
ISSN:
1540-756X
Subject:
nitrogen content; soil organic carbon; saplings; pastures; coppicing; seedlings; phosphorus; deforestation; hydrology; potassium; land cover; soil sampling; species diversity; hills; mountain soils; forests; Armenia
Abstract:
... The impacts of deforestation and land cover change upon underlying soils were examined on one hillside in central Armenia. Soil characteristics in three land cover areas—forest, coppice, and pasture—were recorded and soil samples were analyzed. Deforestation and land cover change were found to increase erosion rates. From soil horizon and structural characteristics, it can be estimated that 40 cm ...
DOI:
10.1080/10549811.2011.567965

33. The Influence of Soil Properties on the Mobility of Metals Following a Single Application of Polluted Sewage Sludge to Seventy Agricultural Topsoils: A Laboratory Column Study

Author:
Soriano-Disla, J. M.; Gómez, I.; Navarro-Pedreño, J.
Source:
Soil & sediment contamination 2011 v.20 no.8 pp. 961-976
ISSN:
1549-7887
Subject:
agricultural soils; cadmium; chromium; copper; leachates; leaching; lead; nickel; rain; sand; sewage sludge; silt; soil organic carbon; soil pH; soil sampling; soil texture; statistical models; zinc; Spain
Abstract:
... The main aim of this study was to examine the influence of soil properties on the leaching of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn following the application of polluted sewage sludge to contrasting topsoils. Seventy agricultural soil samples from different parts of Spain were amended with a single dose of sewage sludge (equivalent to 50 t dry weight ha⁻¹) and a column study was performed under controlled co ...
DOI:
10.1080/15320383.2011.620047

34. A biophysical water function to predict the response of soil nitrogen mineralization to soil water content

Author:
Dessureault-Rompré, Jacynthe; Zebarth, Bernie J.; Georgallas, Alex; Burton, David L.; Grant, Cynthia A.
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 214-227
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
climatic zones; mineralization; soil organic carbon; soil water content; nitrogen; silty soils; data collection; particulates; water content; society; microbial activity; prediction
Abstract:
... The ability of the soil to supply some of the crop nitrogen (N) requirements via the mineralization of organic matter is of economic and environmental importance to producers and society. Water, or its absence, controls microbial activity in soil and thus rates of net N mineralization. Development of a general relationship between soil water content and net N mineralization rate can therefore impr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.10.005

35. An Absorbing Markov Chain approach to understanding the microbial role in soil carbon stabilization

Author:
Liang, Chao; Cheng, Guang; Wixon, Devin L.; Balser, Teri C.
Source:
Biogeochemistry 2011 v.106 no.3 pp. 303-309
ISSN:
0168-2563
Subject:
metabolism; soil organic carbon; soil stabilization; models; microbial biomass; microorganisms; soil; carbon sinks; carbon sequestration; prediction
Abstract:
... The number of studies focused on the transformation and sequestration of soil organic carbon (C) has dramatically increased in recent years due to growing interest in understanding the global C cycle. While it is readily accepted that terrestrial C dynamics are heavily influenced by the catabolic and anabolic activities of microorganisms, the incorporation of microbial biomass components into stab ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10533-010-9525-3

36. Assessment of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen under conservation management practices in the Central Claypan Region, Missouri, USA

Author:
Veum, Kristen S.; Goyne, Keith W.; Holan, Scott H.; Motavalli, Peter P.
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 188-196
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
grasses; Zea mays; Glycine max; mineralization; nitrogen content; no-tillage; analysis of variance; ecosystem services; nitrogen; claypan soils; soil organic carbon; bulk density; corn; soil depth; carbon sequestration; filter strips; landscape position; Missouri
Abstract:
... Conservation management practices including upland vegetative filter strips (VFS) and no-till cultivation have the potential to enhance soil carbon sequestration and other ecosystem services in agroecosystems. A modified two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) with subsamples was used to compare SOC and TN on a concentration, soil volume and soil mass basis in claypan soils planted to different co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.003

37. Bacterial pollution induced community tolerance (PICT) to Cu and interactions with pH in long-term polluted vineyard soils

Author:
Fernández-Calviño, David; Arias-Estévez, Manuel; Díaz-Raviña, Montserrat; Bååth, Erland
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2011 v.43 no.11 pp. 2324-2331
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
bacterial communities; bioavailability; community structure; environmental factors; fungicides; microbial growth; polluted soils; pollution; silt; soil organic carbon; soil pH; soil texture; soil toxicity; texture
Abstract:
... Pollution induced community tolerance (PICT) has been suggested as an end-point measurement less affected by confounding environmental factors compared to standard methods of microbial growth, activity and community composition. We evaluated the use of PICT to determine Cu toxicity in vineyard soils polluted with Cu based fungicides (25–1120 mg Cu kg⁻¹). These soils also varied in pH (4.3†...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.001

38. Comparison of forest soil carbon dynamics at five sites along a latitudinal gradient

Author:
Garten, Charles T., Jr.
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 30-40
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
correlation; fine-textured soils; soil organic carbon; soil temperature; mineral soils; forest litter; nitrogen; soil stabilization; carbon sinks; global warming; forest ecosystems; forest soils; soil texture; coarse-textured soils; North America
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to compare the turnover time of labile soil carbon (C), in relation to temperature and soil texture, in several forest ecosystems that are representative of large areas of North America. Carbon and nitrogen (N) stocks, and C:N ratios, were measured in the forest floor, mineral soil, and two mineral soil fractions (particulate and mineral-associated organic matter, POM and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.08.007

39. Effect of elevated tropospheric ozone on methane and nitrous oxide emission from rice soil in north India

Author:
Bhatia, A.; Ghosh, A.; Kumar, V.; Tomer, R.; Singh, S.D.; Pathak, H.
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2011 v.144 no.1 pp. 21-28
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
Oryza sativa; agricultural research; air; crops; dissolved organic carbon; emissions; global warming; grain yield; greenhouse gases; methane; nitrous oxide; ozonation; ozone; plant response; rice; rice soils; soil organic carbon; India
Abstract:
... Physiological changes in crop plants in response to the elevated tropospheric ozone (O₃) may alter N and C cycles in soil. This may also affect the atmosphere–biosphere exchange of radiatively important greenhouse gases (GHGs), e.g. methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) from soil. A study was carried out during July to November of 2007 and 2008 in the experimental farm of Indian Agricultural Resea ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2011.07.003

40. Effect of Intensive Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Microbial Properties in a Paddy Soil of Subtropical China

Author:
LIU, Ming; Klemens, Ekschmitt; ZHANG, Bin; Holzhauer, Stephanie IJ; LI, Zhong-pei; ZHANG, Tao-lin; Rauch, Sabine
Source:
Agricultural sciences in China 2011 v.10 no.11 pp. 1758-1764
ISSN:
1671-2927
Subject:
soil organic carbon; clay; soil respiration; field experimentation; functional diversity; nitrogen content; paddy soils; soil fertility; soil bacteria; principal component analysis; soil water; species diversity; nitrogen fertilizers; soil nutrients; nitrogen; fertilizer rates; microbial biomass; subtropical soils; urea; China
Abstract:
... A field experiment with rice-rice rotation was conducted since 2002 in southeast China for investigating the response of soil microbial properties to intensive nitrogen fertilizer application. The tested soil was a subtropical paddy soil derived from Quaternary red clay. Differences between treatments existed in different application rates of urea when the experiment was designed. Urea was applied ...
DOI:
10.1016/S1671-2927(11)60175-2

41. Evaluation of RothC model using four Long Term Fertilizer Experiments in black soils, India

Author:
Bhattacharyya, T.; Pal, D.K.; Deshmukh, A.S.; Deshmukh, R.R.; Ray, S.K.; Chandran, P.; Mandal, C.; Telpande, B.; Nimje, A.M.; Tiwary, P.
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2011 v.144 no.1 pp. 222-234
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
land use change; carbon dioxide; long term experiments; soil organic carbon; soil surface layers; fertilizers; models; soil quality; carbon sinks; carbon sequestration; global warming; rain; time management; climate; India
Abstract:
... Carbon content in soils changes depending on the land use system, type of management practice and time. There is an increasing concern about the soil quality vis-à-vis organic carbon content in soils due to global warming and enhanced CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere. This has led to estimate carbon stock in soils at global and regional levels. The objective of the present study was to evaluate ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2011.07.021

42. Generic Prediction of Soil Organic Carbon in Alfisols Using Diffuse Reflectance Fourier-Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy

Author:
Kamau-Rewe, Mercy; Rasche, Frank; Cobo, Juan Guillermo; Dercon, Gerd; Shepherd, Keith D.; Cadisch, Georg
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2011 v.75 no.6 pp. 2358-2360
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Alfisols; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; heat; least squares; prediction; provenance; reflectance; soil organic carbon
Abstract:
... Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis was used for the generic prediction of soil organic C (Cₒᵣg) content in Alfisols using diffuse reflectance Fourier-transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (DRIFT-MIRS). For prediction improvement, we tested the potential of Cₒᵣg removal by heating and spectral subtraction of mineralogic signals in DRIFT-MIRS spectra. Eighty-seven Alfisol samples (Cₒᵣg r ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2011.0106N

43. Impact of soybean cropping frequency on soil carbon storage in Mollisols and Vertisols

Author:
Novelli, L.E.; Caviglia, O.P.; Melchiori, R.J.M.
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 254-260
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
Glycine max; Mollisols; Vertisols; carbon sequestration; soil organic carbon; soybeans; South America
Abstract:
... The high cropping frequency of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), mainly as a single annual crop, in the extensive agricultural systems of South America may adversely affect the soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, which may be different between soils depending on aggregation agents. The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of the soybean cropping frequency on the SOC storage in different soil ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.015

44. Improvement of soil aggregate stability by repeated applications of organic amendments to a cultivated silty loam soil

Author:
Annabi, M.; Le Bissonnais, Y.; Le Villio-Poitrenaud, M.; Houot, S.
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2011 v.144 no.1 pp. 382-389
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
water erosion; soil organic carbon; animal manures; silty soils; sewage sludge; municipal solid waste; clay; green waste; MSW composts; aggregate stability; microbial activity; cohesion; soil aggregates
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to compare the effects of repeated field applications of three urban compost amendments and one farmyard manure amendment over a 9-year period on aggregate stability in a silty loam soil initially characterized by low clay and initial organic matter contents and poor aggregate stability. Three different aggregate stability tests with increasing disruptive intensitie ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2011.07.005

45. Influence of current and previous crops on soil basal and potential denitrification rates

Author:
Guo, Xiaobin; Drury, Craig F.; Yang, Xueming; Reynolds, W. Daniel; Zhang, Renduo
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 2011 v.47 no.8 pp. 937-947
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
Trifolium pratense; clay loam soils; continuous cropping; corn; crop residues; crop rotation; crops; denitrification; glucose; losses from soil; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; nutrient content; soil amendments; soil nutrient balance; soil organic carbon; soil respiration; soil-plant interactions; soybeans; winter wheat
Abstract:
... Soil and crop management including crop rotation influences available organic carbon and soil nitrate levels, which may in turn affect denitrification losses from soils. The objective of this paper was to determine how the current and previous crop affect denitrification by comparing the basal denitrification rate (BDR), denitrification rate with added nitrate (DAN), and potential denitrification ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00374-011-0588-7

46. Interaction effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on microbial biomass and enzyme activities in tropical rice soils

Author:
Das, Suvendu; Bhattacharyya, P.; Adhya, T. K.
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2011 v.182 no.1-4 pp. 555-569
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
air temperature; alkaline phosphatase; beta-glucosidase; carbon dioxide; elevated atmospheric gases; enzyme activity; global warming; microbial biomass; soil enzymes; soil organic carbon; soil temperature; tropical soils; urease
Abstract:
... The impacts of elevated CO2 and temperature on microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities in four physicochemically different types of tropical rice soils (Aeric Endoaquept, Aeric Tropoaquept, Ultic Haplustalf and Udic Rhodostalf) were investigated in a laboratory incubation study. Soil samples were incubated under 400, 500 and 600 μmol mol − 1 CO2 concentration at 25°C, 35°C and 45°C for 2 mont ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-011-1897-x

47. Long-Term Influence of Tillage and Fertilization on Net Carbon Dioxide Exchange Rate on Two Soils with Different Textures

Author:
Feiziene, Dalia; Feiza, Virginijus; Slepetiene, Alvyra; Liaudanskiene, Inga; Kadziene, Grazina; Deveikyte, Irena; Vaideliene, Asta
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2011 v.40 no.6 pp. 1787-1796
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
NPK fertilizers; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide production; carbon sequestration; conventional tillage; environmental factors; field experimentation; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; no-tillage; reduced tillage; sandy loam soils; soil organic carbon; soil temperature; soil texture; soil water content; water content; Lithuania
Abstract:
... The importance of agricultural practices to greenhouse gas mitigation is examined worldwide. However, there is no consensus on soil organic carbon (SOC) content and CO₂ emissions as affected by soil management practices and their relationships with soil texture. No-till (NT) agriculture often results in soil C gain, though, not always. Soil net CO₂ exchange rate (NCER) and environmental factors (S ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2011.0180

48. Pedogenetic investigation of soil degradation on a deforested loess hillslope of Golestan Province, Northern Iran

Author:
Khormali, Farhad; Ajami, Mohammad
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 274-283
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
carbonates; land use change; microstructure; Mollisols; forests; soil organic carbon; cation exchange capacity; vermiculite; clay; leaching; deforestation; ecosystems; loess; Inceptisols; soil erosion; adverse effects; Alfisols; argillic horizons; Iran
Abstract:
... Genesis, mineralogy, and micromorphology of soils formed on a forest and adjacent cultivated loess hillslope were investigated to assess the effects of deforestation and hillslope position on soil properties and the intensity of soil degradation. The study revealed that deforestation caused a loss of soil organic carbon, a reduction of cation exchange capacity, and an increase in carbonates in the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.030

49. Predictions of soil surface and topsoil organic carbon content through the use of laboratory and field spectroscopy in the Albany Thicket Biome of Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Author:
Nocita, Marco; Kooistra, Lammert; Bachmann, Martin; Müller, Andreas; Powell, Mike; Weel, Silvia
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 295-302
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
shrublands; soil organic carbon; laboratory techniques; goats; near-infrared spectroscopy; topsoil; soil sampling; ecosystems; South Africa
Abstract:
... In recent years it has been shown that laboratory and field visible near infrared spectroscopy (VNIRS) allows for the accurate prediction of soil organic carbon (SOC) — more rapidly, less expensively, and at larger scales than conventional soil laboratory methods. VNIRS might find application in the restoration assessment of the degraded, semi-arid subtropical thickets of the Albany Thicket Biome ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.018

50. Quantifying Rhizosphere Respiration for Two Cool-Season Perennial Forages

Author:
Skinner, R. Howard
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2904-2910
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Andropogon gerardii; C4 plants; Dactylis glomerata; Trifolium repens; carbon dioxide; ecosystem respiration; ecosystems; environmental management; forage; forage production; grasses; grazing lands; isotopes; models; mowing; production technology; regrowth; rhizosphere; soil organic carbon; soil respiration
Abstract:
... Understanding the regulation of ecosystem CO₂ flux from forage production systems requires knowledge of component fluxes, including photosynthetic uptake and respiratory loss. Experimental separation of soil respiration into heterotrophic and rhizosphere respiration has been difficult, complicating efforts to quantify management and environmental effects on grazing land C sequestration. This study ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0155

51. Removing the effect of soil moisture from NIR diffuse reflectance spectra for the prediction of soil organic carbon

Author:
Minasny, Budiman; McBratney, Alex B.; Bellon-Maurel, Veronique; Roger, Jean-Michel; Gobrecht, Alexia; Ferrand, Laure; Joalland, Samuel
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 118-124
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
algorithms; data collection; environmental factors; near-infrared spectroscopy; prediction; reflectance; soil organic carbon; soil sampling; soil temperature; soil water; soil water content; water content
Abstract:
... Field measurement using NIR spectroscopy is becoming a popular method to provide in situ, rapid, and inexpensive estimation of soil organic carbon (SOC) content. However NIR reflectance is quite sensitive to external environmental conditions, such as temperature and soil moisture. In the field, the soil moisture content can be highly variable. It is a challenge to find a chemometric method that al ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.008

52. Role of Nitrogen Fertilization in Sustaining Organic Matter in Cultivated Soils

Author:
Ladha, Jagdish K.; Reddy, C. Kesava; Padre, Agnes T.; van Kessel, Chris
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2011 v.40 no.6 pp. 1756-1766
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
agricultural soils; rice; long term experiments; soil organic carbon; land management; arid lands; ecosystem services; Oryza sativa; long term effects; meta-analysis; nitrogen; cropping systems; carbon sequestration; food production; organic soils; drying; statistical models; climate; nitrogen fertilizers
Abstract:
... Soil organic matter (SOM) is essential for sustaining food production and maintaining ecosystem services and is a vital resource base for storing C and N. The impact of long-term use of synthetic fertilizer N on SOM, however, has been questioned recently. Here we tested the hypothesis that long-term application of N results in a decrease in SOM. We used data from 135 studies of 114 long-term exper ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2011.0064

53. Short term soil priming effects and the mineralisation of biochar following its incorporation to soils of different pH

Author:
Luo, Y.; Durenkamp, M.; De Nobili, M.; Lin, Q.; Brookes, P.C.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2011 v.43 no.11 pp. 2304-2314
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
C4 plants; Lolium; Miscanthus giganteus; biochar; carbon sequestration; mineralization; soil organic carbon; soil pH
Abstract:
... The aim of this work was to determine the magnitude of the priming effect, i.e. short-term changes in the rate (negative or positive) of mineralisation of native soil organic carbon (C), following addition of biochars. The biochars were made from Miscanthus giganteus, a C4 plant, naturally enriched with ¹³C. The biochars were produced at 350 °C (biochar350) and 700 °C (biochar700) and applied with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.07.020

54. Soil carbon distribution in Alaska in relation to soil-forming factors

Author:
Johnson, Kristofer D.; Harden, Jennifer; McGuire, A. David; Bliss, Norman B.; Bockheim, James G.; Clark, Mark; Nettleton-Hollingsworth, Teresa; Jorgenson, M. Torre; Kane, Evan S.; Mack, Michelle; O'Donnell, Jonathan; Ping, Chien-Lu; Schuur, Edward A.G.; Turetsky, Merritt R.; Valentine, David W.
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 71-84
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
wetlands; topography; permafrost; ecoregions; soil organic carbon; temperature profiles; landscapes; Picea mariana; highlands; climate change; rain forests; latitude; tundra; ecosystems; Alaska
Abstract:
... The direction and magnitude of soil organic carbon (SOC) changes in response to climate change remain unclear and depend on the spatial distribution of SOC across landscapes. Uncertainties regarding the fate of SOC are greater in high-latitude systems where data are sparse and the soils are affected by sub-zero temperatures. To address these issues in Alaska, a first-order assessment of data gaps ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.10.006

55. Soil carbon model Yasso07 graphical user interface

Author:
Tuomi, M.; Rasinmäki, J.; Repo, A.; Vanhala, P.; Liski, J.
Source:
Environmental modelling & software 2011 v.26 no.11 pp. 1358-1362
ISSN:
1364-8152
Subject:
land use change; environmental models; Monte Carlo method; upland soils; probability; soil organic carbon; user interface; ecosystems; computer software; climate; prediction
Abstract:
... In this article, we present a graphical user interface software for the litter decomposition and soil carbon model Yasso07 and an overview of the principles and formulae it is based on. The software can be used to test the model and use it in simple applications. Yasso07 is applicable to upland soils of different ecosystems worldwide, because it has been developed using data covering the global cl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.05.009

56. Soil carbon stock in the tropical rangelands of Australia: Effects of soil type and grazing pressure, and determination of sampling requirement

Author:
Pringle, M.J.; Allen, D.E.; Dalal, R.C.; Payne, J.E.; Mayer, D.G.; O'Reagain, P.; Marchant, B.P.
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 261-273
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
soil organic carbon; grazing; soil depth; trees; carbon sinks; carbon sequestration; correlation; isotopes; savannas; forage production; grasses; sampling; monitoring; cattle; models; climate change; grazing management; soil sampling; diet; shrubs; rangelands; Australia
Abstract:
... On-going, high-profile public debate about climate change has focussed attention on how to monitor the soil organic carbon stock (Cₛ) of rangelands (savannas). Unfortunately, optimal sampling of the rangelands for baseline Cₛ – the critical first step towards efficient monitoring – has received relatively little attention to date. Moreover, in the rangelands of tropical Australia relatively little ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.001

57. Soil microbial biomass nitrogen and β-glucosaminidase activity response to surface compaction and poultry-litter application in a claypan soil

Author:
Pengthamkeerati, P.; Motavalli, P.P.; Kremer, R.J.
Source:
Applied soil ecology 2011 v.51 pp. 79-86
ISSN:
0929-1393
Subject:
Zea mays; bulk density; carbon nitrogen ratio; claypan soils; field experimentation; microbial activity; microbial biomass; nitrogen; poultry manure; silt loam soils; soil compaction; soil density; soil organic carbon; soil treatment; soil water content; turkeys; water temperature
Abstract:
... In agroecosystems, compaction-induced changes in soil physical properties may significantly affect soil microbial activity, especially N-related processes. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of soil compaction on soil microbiological properties related to N in a claypan soil amended with poultry litter (i.e., Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) excrement mixed with pine shavings as b ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.08.013

58. Soil Nitrogen and Nitrogen-Use Efficiency under Long-Term No-till Practice

Author:
Dalal, Ram C.; Wang, Weijin; Allen, Diane E.; Reeves, Steven; Menzies, Neal W.
Source:
Soil Science Society of America journal 2011 v.75 no.6 pp. 2251-2261
ISSN:
0361-5995
Subject:
Hordeum vulgare; Triticum aestivum; Vertisols; barley; biomass; crop residue management; crop residues; cropland; cropping systems; crops; disturbed soils; ecosystems; fertilizer rates; field experimentation; grasslands; land use change; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nitrogen fertilizers; no-tillage; nutrient use efficiency; nutrients; soil organic carbon; soil profiles; sustainable agriculture; wheat
Abstract:
... Land-use change from perennial grasslands to cultivated croplands leads to reduced soil organic C (SOC) and total N. Among other factors, introduction of annual crops and soil disturbance by tillage may account for reduced amounts of SOC and total N. However, agricultural practices of no-till and N fertilizer application may maintain soil N in cropped soils. We measured soil N changes and N-use ef ...
DOI:
10.2136/sssaj2010.0398

59. Soil respiration at five sites along the Kalahari Transect: Effects of temperature, precipitation pulses and biological soil crust cover

Author:
Thomas, Andrew David; Hoon, Stephen Robert; Dougill, Andrew John
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 284-294
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
autotrophs; carbon dioxide; land use change; rainfall simulation; soil crusts; soil organic carbon; soil respiration; temperature; Botswana
Abstract:
... There are increasing concerns that climatic and land use changes will enhance soil respiration rates and soil organic carbon loss, compromising agricultural productivity and further elevating atmospheric CO₂. Current understanding of dryland respiration is, however, insufficient to enable prediction of the consequences of these changes for dryland soils and CO₂ fluxes. The objectives of this paper ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.034

60. Soil water property variations in three adjacent land use types in the Rift Valley area of Ethiopia

Author:
Abdelkadir, A.; Yimer, F.
Source:
Journal of arid environments 2011 v.75 no.11 pp. 1067-1071
ISSN:
0140-1963
Subject:
arid lands; bulk density; grazing; infiltrometers; land use change; runoff; soil compaction; soil depth; soil organic carbon; soil profiles; soil sampling; soil water; soil water content; tillage; trees; valleys; Ethiopia
Abstract:
... This study investigated the effects of land use change on infiltration and moisture content of soils in three land use types. A total of 81 soil and core samples (3 replications × 3 treatments × 3 profiles × 3 soil depths) were used to determine parameters that may affect the infiltration properties of soils. The infiltration rate was measured in the field using double-ring infiltrometer with thre ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.06.012

61. The extent of drying influences the flush of respiration after rewetting in non-saline and saline soils

Author:
Chowdhury, Nasrin; Yan, Nan; Islam, Md. Nazrul; Marschner, Petra
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2011 v.43 no.11 pp. 2265-2272
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
Mediterranean climate; electrical conductivity; saline soils; sandy loam soils; soil microorganisms; soil organic carbon; soil respiration; soil water content; soil water potential; water content
Abstract:
... Drying and rewetting are common events in soils during summer, particularly in Mediterranean climate where soil microbes may be further challenged by salinity. Previous studies in non-saline soils have shown that rewetting induces a flush of soil respiration, but little is known about how the extent of drying affects the size of the respiration flush or how drying and rewetting affects soil respir ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.07.013

62. Validation of the Century model to estimate the impact of agriculture on soil organic carbon in Southern Brazil

Author:
Bortolon, Elisandra Solange Oliveira; Mielniczuk, João; Tornquist, Carlos Gustavo; Lopes, Fabíola; Bergamaschi, Homero
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.167-168 pp. 156-166
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
agricultural land; agricultural soils; biomass; carbon sinks; climate; corn; farms; forests; land use; simulation models; soil management; soil organic carbon; soybeans; statistical analysis; surveys; wheat; Brazil
Abstract:
... Simulation models are important tools in the long-term assessment of soil organic carbon (SOC) stock changes caused by agriculture, but proper parameter adjustments for the underlying environmental context are essential for an accurate assessment of the models ability to predict SOC. The objectives of this study were to calibrate and validate the Century 4.0 model for the analysis of SOC stocks ev ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.08.008

63. Carbon sequestration potential of recommended management practices for paddy soils of China, 1980–2050

Author:
Xu, Shengxiang; Shi, Xuezheng; Zhao, Yongcun; Yu, Dongsheng; Li, Changsheng; Wang, Shihang; Tan, Manzhi; Sun, Weixia
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.166 no.1 pp. 206-213
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
soil organic carbon; models; carbon sequestration; paddy soils; conservation tillage; paddies; databases; China
Abstract:
... China's rice paddies, accounting for 19% of the world's total, play an important role in soil carbon (C) sequestration. In order to reduce uncertainties from upscaling spatial processes of the DeNitrification–DeComposition (DNDC) model for improving the understanding of C sequestration under recommended management practices (RMPs), we parameterized the DNDC model with a 1:1,000,000 polygonal soil ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.08.002

64. Comparing different multivariate calibration methods for the determination of soil organic carbon pools with visible to near infrared spectroscopy

Author:
Vohland, Michael; Besold, Joachim; Hill, Joachim; Fründ, Heinz-Christian
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.166 no.1 pp. 198-205
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
soil organic carbon; least squares; algorithms; near-infrared spectroscopy; soil; carbon sinks; soil sampling; grasslands; prediction; Germany
Abstract:
... A successful determination of spectrally active soil components with visible and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (VIS-NIRS, 400–2500nm) depends on the selection of an adequate multivariate calibration technique. In this study, the contents of thermolabile organic carbon (C₃₇₅°C), the inert organic C fraction (Cᵢₙₑᵣₜ) and the sum of both (total soil organic carbon, OCₜₒₜ) were estimated with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.08.001

65. Effects of gravel on grassland soil carbon and nitrogen in the arid regions of the Tibetan Plateau

Author:
Wang, Xiaodan; Liu, Gangcai; Liu, Shuzhen
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.166 no.1 pp. 181-188
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
arid zones; gravel; nitrogen content; soil organic carbon; nitrogen; soil stabilization; semiarid zones; edaphic factors; crop yield; carbon sequestration; wind erosion; disturbed soils; grassland soils; China
Abstract:
... Many previous studies have focused on soil gravel concentrations and their effect on crop yields in agricultural systems. The extent of carbon and nitrogen sequestration in soils under steppe systems in relation to surface gravel mulch remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the effects of gravel mulches on soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks in the arid and windy regions of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.028

66. Impacts of nitrogen fertilization on biomass production of switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L.) and changes in soil organic carbon in Ohio

Author:
Jung, Ji Young; Lal, Rattan
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.166 no.1 pp. 145-152
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
Panicum virgatum; harvesting; plant tissues; nitrogen content; soil organic carbon; energy crops; nitrogen; aboveground biomass; spring; growing season; soil types; biomass production; nitrogen fertilizers; Ohio
Abstract:
... Growing switchgrass (Panicum virgatum, L.), a promising bioenergy crop, needs finely-tuned nitrogen (N) fertilization to improve biomass yields depending on soil types and site characteristics. N fertilization can also affect the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the effects of N fertilization on switchgrass biomass production and the SOC stock in Ohio. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.023

67. Anthropogenic pedogenesis of Chernozems in Germany? – A critical review

Author:
Lorz, Carsten; Saile, Thomas
Source:
Quaternary international 2011 v.243 no.2 pp. 273-279
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
soil organic carbon; humans; agricultural land; Chernozems; radiocarbon dating; paleobotany; soil formation; Germany
Abstract:
... Recently, the idea of an anthropogenic formation of Chernozems in Germany during the Early Neolithic (second half of the sixth millennium BC) has been proposed. This study reviews this idea in an interdisciplinary discourse, involving aspects of geosciences, palaeobotany, and archaeology. The paper discusses three major topics: (i) evidence of fire use in land clearing, from Black Carbon in soil o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2010.11.022

68. Properties and formation of Black Soils on the Island of Poel (NE Germany)

Author:
Albrecht, Christian; Kühn, Peter
Source:
Quaternary international 2011 v.243 no.2 pp. 305-312
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
Phaeozems; soil organic carbon; coatings; clay; soil surveys; Luvisols; C horizons; radiocarbon dating; B horizons; soil formation; Germany; Baltic Sea
Abstract:
... Recent soil mapping on the Island of Poel, situated in the southern Baltic Sea, shows an abundance of Black Soils developed in stratified parent material, whereby the upper layers are of periglacial origin covering calcareous till. The Black Soils have been formed in the upper layer overlying Luvisols, developed in decalcified till, with different degrees of stagnic influence. The Luvisols are not ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2011.03.022

69. Evaluation of Adaptive Measures to Reduce Climate Change Impact on Soil Organic Carbon Stock In Žitný Ostrov Region

Author:
Takáč, Jozef; Šiška, Bernard; Píš, Vladimír
Source:
Agriculture = 2011 v.57 no.3 pp. 85-95
ISSN:
1338-4376
Subject:
General Circulation Models; agricultural biotechnology; agricultural management models; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; climate change; crop residues; crop rotation; emissions; irrigated farming; irrigation; leaves; meteorological data; rainfed farming; soil organic carbon; soil profiles; stems; summer; Slovakia
Abstract:
... Climate change impacts on soil organic carbon sequestration rate were simulated by agroecological model DAISY. Daily meteorological data for the Danubian Lowland up to 2100 were generated according to emission scenarios SRES A2 and B1 using general circulation model CGCM3.1. Effect of gradual increase of CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere was taken into account. Various crop rotations as well as ...
DOI:
10.2478/v10207-011-0009-9

70. Simulation of soil organic carbon dynamics under different pasture managements using the RothC carbon model

Author:
Liu, De Li; Chan, K. Yin; Conyers, Mark K.; Li, Guangdi; Poile, Graeme J.
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.165 no.1 pp. 69-77
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
agroecosystems; carbon dioxide; simulation models; liming; long term experiments; soil organic carbon; pastures; stubble; soil; model validation; limestone; carbon sequestration; pasture management; shoots
Abstract:
... Recently, soil carbon sequestration in agro-ecosystems has been attracting significant interest as soil organic carbon (SOC) can potentially offset some atmospheric carbon dioxide. The objectives of this study were to use the RothC model to simulate soil carbon sequestration and determine the proportion of pasture production as carbon input for SOC sequestration under different pasture types and p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.005

71. What is the impact of afforestation on the carbon stocks of Irish mineral soils?

Author:
Wellock, Michael L.; LaPerle, Christina M.; Kiely, Gerard
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2011 v.262 no.8 pp. 1589-1596
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
land use change; humid zones; soil organic carbon; uncertainty; mineral soils; afforestation; soil heterogeneity; trees; carbon sinks; carbon sequestration; emissions; biomass; soil density; forests; Ireland
Abstract:
... Ireland has implemented a large afforestation program in recent decades, with much of this taking place since the mid 1980s. This presents Ireland with the opportunity to offset carbon emissions through carbon sequestration in forests, as the latter are known to sequester a large amount of carbon into the tree biomass. However, the effects of afforestation on soil organic carbon in the Irish humid ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2011.07.007

72. Evolution of some chemical properties of soil under influence of soil erosion and different cropping systems

Author:
Ailincăi, C.; Jităreanu, G.; Bucur, D.; Ailincăi, Despina; Mercuş, Ad.
Source:
Cercetari agronomice in Moldova 2011 v.44 no.4 pp. 5-18
ISSN:
2067-1865
Subject:
Chernozems; Helianthus annuus; Lolium perenne; alfalfa; beans; climatic factors; corn; crop rotation; crop yield; crops; fertilizers; grasses; peas; physicochemical properties; rain; runoff; second growth; soil chemical properties; soil erosion; soil fertility; soil organic carbon; straw; temperature; wheat; Romania
Abstract:
... - Since 1968, at the Agricultural Research Station of Podu- Iloaiei, Iași County (47°12´ N latitude, 27°16´ E longitude), investigations were conducted on the influence of different crop structures and fertilizers on yield, erosion and soil fertility. The paper presented the results of investigations concerning the influence of long-term fertilization (43 years) on some chemical characteristics of ...
DOI:
10.2478/v10298-012-0044-3

73. Land use effects on carbon quality and soil biological properties in Eutric Cambisol

Author:
Pospíšilová, Lubica; Formanek, Pavel; Kucerik, Jiri; Liptaj, Tibor; Losak, Tomas; Martensson, Anna
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2011 v.61 no.7 pp. 661-669
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
soil organic carbon; farm management; oil crops; carbon sequestration; field experimentation; land use; grasslands; mineral fertilizers; animal manures; soil pollution; microbial physiology; humic acids; Cambisols; elemental composition; soil fertility; oxygen; thermal analysis; mineralization; microbial communities; arable soils; grains; cash crops; intensive farming; pesticides; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; aromatic compounds; tillage; microbial biomass; environmental factors; soil biological properties; fulvic acids; glutamic acid
Abstract:
... The choice of prospective type of farming requires knowledge about the specific relationships that exist between farm management practices and base environmental conditions. Nowadays the protection of soil organic carbon is one of the main tasks, because organic carbon in addition to soil fertility can act in elimination of soil contamination and carbon sequestration. Field experiments were focuse ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2010.539576

74. Long-term effects of cropping system and mineral fertilization on production and soil fertility in the moldavian plain

Author:
Ailincăi, C.; Jităreanu, G.; Bucur, D.; Ailincăi, Despina
Source:
Cercetari agronomice in Moldova 2011 v.44 no.1 pp. 23-33
ISSN:
2067-1865
Subject:
crop year; plateaus; Helianthus annuus; soil organic carbon; long term effects; nutrients; corn; phosphorus; wheat; crop yield; agrochemicals; Triticum aestivum; soil fertility; Chernozems; crop rotation; application rate; nitrogen fertilizers; crops
Abstract:
... - The investigations conducted during 2005-2010 at the Podu- Iloaiei Agricultural Research Station, Iaşi county, have studied the influence of different mineral fertilizers rates on wheat and sunflower yield and soil agrochemical characteristics. In bean-wheat-maizesunflower- wheat crop rotation, applying mineral fertilizers resulted in getting mean yield increases, which varied according to rates ...
DOI:
10.2478/v10298-012-0021-x

75. A comparison of soil qualities of different revegetation types in the Loess Plateau, China

Author:
Zhang, Chao; Xue, Sha; Liu, Guo-Bin; Song, Zi-Lin
Source:
Plant and soil 2011 v.347 no.1-2 pp. 163-178
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
Artemisia; soil organic carbon; soil properties; Heteropappus; grasslands; Panicum virgatum; plateaus; nitrogen content; bulk density; Caragana; Astragalus laxmannii; land restoration; urease; land degradation; shrublands; agricultural land; catechol oxidase; soil quality; beta-fructofuranosidase; water content; soil sampling; loess; climatic factors; catalase; microbial biomass; Hippophae rhamnoides; soil erosion; arid soils; China
Abstract:
... Serious soil erosion has resulted in widespread land degradation in the Loess Plateau of China. In the past two decades, great efforts have been made to restore degraded soil such as reconverting croplands into forestlands or grasslands. A comparison of soil qualities of different revegetation types has important implications in soil reclamation. Our study investigated the effect of different reve ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-011-0836-5

76. Boreal and subarctic soils under climatic change

Author:
Helama, Samuli; Tuomenvirta, Heikki; Venäläinen, Ari
Source:
Global and planetary change 2011 v.79 no.1-2 pp. 37-47
ISSN:
0921-8181
Subject:
correlation; simulation models; soil organic carbon; snowpack; soil temperature; subarctic soils; winter; soil heterogeneity; air temperature; soil depth; biochemical pathways; snow; global warming; vegetation
Abstract:
... Changing climate and warming atmosphere are supposed to result in changing thermal regimes of soils with a spectrum of impacts for terrestrial heat-flow, ecological and biochemical processes including vegetation and carbon dynamics. Here, six sites within an area of significant recent climatic warming, between 70° and 60°N, provided data of air and soil temperatures and snow depth to analyze the s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.08.001

77. Changes in soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi along a large-scale aridity gradient

Author:
Yang, Haishui; Yuan, Yongge; Zhang, Qian; Tang, Jianjun; Liu, Yu; Chen, Xin
Source:
Catena 2011 v.87 no.1 pp. 70-77
ISSN:
0341-8162
Subject:
biomass; correlation; dry environmental conditions; equations; fungal spores; models; mycorrhizal fungi; nitrogen content; roots; soil organic carbon; soil pH; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; China
Abstract:
... Changes in soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, pH, and the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are examined along a large-scale aridity gradient from southeast to northwest in China. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen decreased but pH increased with increased aridity. Aboveground plant biomass, spore abundance, and colonization of roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi also declined as t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2011.05.009

78. Concentration and stock of carbon in the soils affected by land uses and climates in the western Himalaya, India

Author:
Singh, S.K.; Pandey, C.B.; Sidhu, G.S.; Sarkar, Dipak; Sagar, R.
Source:
Catena 2011 v.87 no.1 pp. 78-89
ISSN:
0341-8162
Subject:
soil organic carbon; soil temperature; mountains; subtropics; soil depth; tropical agriculture; carbon sinks; altitude; land use; grasslands; forests; pastures; horticulture; ecosystems; temperate zones; soil water; climatic factors; rain; pH; terraces; India; Himalayan region
Abstract:
... Soils are the third biggest sink of carbon on the earth. Hence, suitable land uses for a climatic condition are expected to sequester optimum atmospheric carbon in soils. But, information on how climatic conditions and land uses influence carbon accumulation in the soils on the Himalayan Mountains is not known. This study reports the impact of four climatic conditions (sub-tropical, altitude: 500– ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2011.05.008

79. Contrasting nutrient stocks and litter decomposition in stands of native and invasive species in a sub-tropical estuarine marsh

Author:
Tong, Chuan; Zhang, Linhai; Wang, Weiqi; Gauci, Vincent; Marrs, Rob; Liu, Baigui; Jia, Ruixia; Zeng, Congsheng
Source:
Environmental research 2011 v.111 no.7 pp. 909-916
ISSN:
0013-9351
Subject:
primary productivity; soil organic carbon; Cyperus malaccensis; soil depth; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; phosphorus; marshes; nitrogen content; coasts; invasive species; ecosystems; belowground biomass; estuaries; grasses; Phragmites australis; introduced species; Spartina alterniflora; rivers; nitrogen; aboveground biomass; indigenous species; China; North America
Abstract:
... We compared the influence of invasion by an alien invasive species (Spartina alterniflora, smooth cordgrass) and a native aggressive species (Phragmites australis, common reed) as they have expanded into the native Cyperus malaccensis (shichito matgrass)-dominated wetland ecosystem in the Min River estuary of southeast China. S. alterniflora is a perennial grass native to North America, which has ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envres.2011.05.023

80. Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions Along the Altitudinal Gradient in Changbai Mountain, China

Author:
ZHANG, Min; ZHANG, Xiao-Ke; LIANG, Wen-Ju; JIANG, Yong; DAI, Guan-Hua; WANG, Xu-Gao; HAN, Shi-Jie
Source:
Pedosphere 2011 v.21 no.5 pp. 615-620
ISSN:
1002-0160
Subject:
deciduous forests; soil organic carbon; microbial biomass; organic horizons; forest ecosystems; organic soils; altitude; Betula; climate; conservation areas; China
Abstract:
... Understanding the responses of soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions to altitudinal gradient variation is important for understanding changes in the carbon balance of forest ecosystems. In our study the SOC and its fractions of readily oxidizable carbon (ROC), water-soluble carbon (WSC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in the soil organic and mineral horizons were investigated for four typical for ...
DOI:
10.1016/S1002-0160(11)60163-X

81. Dynamics of soil organic carbon storage following restoration of grassland on Yunwu Mountain

Author:
Wei, Jie; Liu, Weiguo; Cheng, Jimin; Li, Weijun
Source:
Acta ecologica Sinica 2011 v.31 no.5 pp. 271-275
ISSN:
1872-2032
Subject:
analysis of variance; carbon sequestration; ecological restoration; grasslands; loess; plateaus; roots; soil organic carbon; soil water; China
Abstract:
... Grassland recovery and reconstruction are critical to ecological restoration in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). Investigating changes in soil organic carbon density (SOCD), soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, and the rate of SOC sequestration is very important to assess the effect of ecological recovery and estimate the capacity of soil carbon sequestration. Here, we present the data of SOCD, SOC ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chnaes.2011.06.009

82. Effect of nitrogen addition on decomposition of Calamagrostis angustifolia litters from freshwater marshes of Northeast China

Author:
Song, Changchun; Liu, Deyan; Yang, Guisheng; Song, Yanyu; Mao, Rong
Source:
Ecological engineering 2011 v.37 no.10 pp. 1578-1582
ISSN:
0925-8574
Subject:
marshes; freshwater; nitrogen content; soil organic carbon; humans; plant litter; nitrogen; flooded conditions; carbon sinks; carbon nitrogen ratio; global warming; ecosystems; Calamagrostis purpurea subsp. purpurea; microbial activity; China
Abstract:
... Wetland ecosystems store a large amount of organic carbon (C) in soils, due to the slow decomposition rates of plant litter and soil organic matter. Increased nitrogen (N) availability induced by human activities and global warming may accelerate litter decomposition and affect soil organic C dynamics in wetlands. In the present study, we investigated the effect of N addition on decomposition of C ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.03.036

83. Effects of lignin‐modified Populus tremuloides on soil organic carbon

Author:
Roque‐Rivera, Raysa; Talhelm, Alan F.; Johnson, Dale W.; Chiang, Vincent L.; Pregitzer, Kurt S.
Source:
Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde 2011 v.174 no.5 pp. 818-826
ISSN:
1436-8730
Subject:
C3 plants; Populus tremuloides; biomass production; biosynthesis; cellulose; energy; genes; greenhouses; lignin; plant growth; planting; pulping; soil; soil organic carbon; stemwood; trees
Abstract:
... Several genes in the aspen genome have been modified to generate stem wood with lower lignin content and an altered lignin composition. Lower lignin in wood reduces the time and energy required for pulping. Further, this modification can also increase the allocation of photosynthate to cellulose and total biomass production, potentially increasing CO2‐sequestration capacity. However, widespread pl ...
DOI:
10.1002/jpln.201000445

84. Effects of vegetation type on soil resistance to erosion: Relationship between aggregate stability and shear strength

Author:
Fattet, M.; Fu, Y.; Ghestem, M.; Ma, W.; Foulonneau, M.; Nespoulous, J.; Le Bissonnais, Y.; Stokes, A.
Source:
Catena 2011 v.87 no.1 pp. 60-69
ISSN:
0341-8162
Subject:
Artemisia; soil organic carbon; iron oxides; soil stabilization; trees; roots; landslides; rhizosphere; texture; A horizons; planting; surface water; land use change; shear strength; Vernicia fordii; friction; soil water; soil sampling; topographic slope; cohesion; understory; logging; vegetation types; cropland; aluminum oxide; soil types; aggregate stability; water erosion; China
Abstract:
... Soil water erosion and shallow landslides depend on aggregate stability and soil shear strength. We investigated the effect of vegetation on both soil aggregate stability and shear strength (through direct shear tests) in former croplands converted to vegetated erosion protection areas within the context of China's sloping land conversion programme. Four treatments were analysed in plots comprised ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2011.05.006

85. Geochemistry of Mercury Along a Soil Profile Compared to Other Elements and to the Parental Rock: Evidence of External Input

Author:
Fiorentino, Janaina Correa; Enzweiler, Jacinta; Angélica, Romulo S.
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2011 v.221 no.1-4 pp. 63-75
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
atmospheric deposition; dry season; exposure profile; geochemistry; goethite; kaolinite; mercury; rocks; soil horizons; soil organic carbon; soil pollution; soil profiles; soil sampling
Abstract:
... The vertical distribution of mercury along a weathering profile derived from a diabase was compared to the main geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of the soil and its parental rock. The sampling site was in a metropolitan area, nearby to an active quarry and relatively close to an industrial park. The samples of a 6-m-deep fresh exposure of the soil profile and also of fresh rock were c ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-011-0769-x

86. Land clearing and greenhouse gas emissions from Jatropha biofuels on African Miombo Woodlands

Author:
Romijn, Henny A.
Source:
Energy policy 2011 v.39 no.10 pp. 5751-5762
ISSN:
0301-4215
Subject:
land use change; greenhouse gases; Jatropha curcas; soil organic carbon; arid lands; greenhouse gas emissions; carbon cycle; forestry; biofuels; organic soils; wastelands; ecosystems; woodlands; biomass; Asia; Latin America
Abstract:
... The paper investigates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from land use change associated with the introduction of large-scale Jatropha curcas cultivation on Miombo Woodland, using data from extant forestry and ecology studies about this ecosystem. Its results support the notion that Jatropha can help sequester atmospheric carbon when grown on complete wastelands and in severely degraded conditions. C ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enpol.2010.07.041

87. Long‐term‐fertilization effects on soil organic carbon, physical properties, and wheat yield of a loess soil

Author:
Yang, Xueyun; Li, Pingru; Zhang, Shulan; Sun, Benhua; Xinping, Chen
Source:
Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde 2011 v.174 no.5 pp. 775-784
ISSN:
1436-8730
Subject:
crop quality; cropping systems; fertilizers; grain yield; loess; loess soils; nutrient management; physical properties; plateaus; saturated hydraulic conductivity; soil organic carbon; soil quality; sustainable agriculture; unsaturated hydraulic conductivity; China
Abstract:
... The large dryland area of the Loess Plateau (China) is subject of developing strategies for a sustainable crop production, e.g., by modifications of nutrient management affecting soil quality and crop productivity. A 19 y long‐term experiment was employed to evaluate the effects of fertilization regimes on soil organic C (SOC) dynamics, soil physical properties, and wheat yield. The SOC content ...
DOI:
10.1002/jpln.201000134

88. Modeling redistribution of α-HCH in Chinese soil induced by environment factors

Author:
Tian, Chongguo; Liu, Liyan; Ma, Jianmin; Tang, Jianhui; Li, Yi-Fan
Source:
Environmental pollution 2011 v.159 no.10 pp. 2961-2967
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
environmental factors; environmental fate; models; pesticides; soil; soil organic carbon; temperature; wind; China
Abstract:
... This study explores long-term environmental fate of α-HCH in China from 1952 to 2007 using ChnGPERM (Chinese Gridded Pesticide Emission and Residue Model). The model captures well the temporal and spatial variations of α-HCH concentration in Chinese soils by comparing with a number of measured data across China in different periods. The results demonstrate α-HCH grasshopping effect in Eastern Chin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2011.04.031
PubMed:
21555175

89. Modelling soil organic carbon stocks and their changes in the northeast of Spain

Author:
ÁLvaro‐Fuentes, J.; Easter, M.; Cantero‐Martinez, C.; Paustian, K.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2011 v.62 no.5 pp. 685-695
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
agricultural soils; carbon dioxide; carbon sinks; databases; edaphic factors; forest soils; land use; model uncertainty; models; pastures; prediction; soil management; soil organic carbon; Mediterranean region; Spain
Abstract:
... Currently, there is little information about soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and changes in Mediterranean areas at a regional scale. We modelled an area of 95 269 km2 in northeast Spain using the Global Environmental Facility Soil Organic Carbon (GEFSOC) system to predict SOC stocks and changes in pasture, forest and agricultural soils. The spatial distribution of the different land‐use categorie ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2011.01390.x

90. Natural Attenuation of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in Three Biosolids-Amended Soils of Contrasting pH Measured Using Rhizon Pore Water Samplers

Author:
Murtaza, Ghulam; Haynes, Richard John; Naidu, Ravindra; Belyaeva, Oxana N.; Kim, Kwon-Rae; Lamb, Dane T.; Bolan, Nanthi S.
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2011 v.221 no.1-4 pp. 351-363
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
soil organic carbon; soil pollution; soil solution; copper; acid soils; heavy metals; lead; samplers; surface area; cations; cadmium; soil amendments; zinc; biosolids; dissolved organic carbon; soil pH; solubility; application rate; alkaline soils
Abstract:
... The effects of application of biosolids, at four rates, to an alkaline (pH 8.4), neutral (pH 7.0) and acidic (pH 4.0) soil on concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and dissolved organic C in soil solution were measured over a 170-day period in a laboratory incubation study using Rhizon pore water samplers. Applications of biosolids decreased solution pH in the alkaline soil, increased it in the acidic ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-011-0795-8

91. Organic matter distribution in floodplains can be predicted using spatial and vegetation structure data

Author:
Cierjacks, A.; Kleinschmit, B.; Kowarik, I.; Graf, M.; Lang, F.
Source:
River research and applications 2011 v.27 no.8 pp. 1048-1057
ISSN:
1535-1459
Subject:
soil organic carbon; spatial distribution; soil depth; vegetation cover; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; forests; soil horizons; forest ecosystems; alluvial soils; floodplains; biomass; understory; prediction; national parks; canopy; rivers; stream channels; regression analysis; Austria
Abstract:
... Riparian forest ecosystems play a significant role in the storage of organic carbon. However, the knowledge on the spatial patterns of organic matter distribution which is crucial to the assessment of the C sequestration potential of riparian ecosystems is still lacking. The aim of our study was to identify predictors of organic matter distribution in floodplain soils and vegetation. We analysed t ...
DOI:
10.1002/rra.1409

92. Pond Bottom Management at Commercial Shrimp Farms in Chantaburi Province, Thailand

Author:
Yuvanatemiya, Vasin; Boyd, Claude E.; Thavipoke, Patana
Source:
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 2011 v.42 no.5 pp. 618-632
ISSN:
0893-8849
Subject:
sediments; soil organic carbon; soil pH; farmers; ponds; universities; solar drying; soil water; shrimp; wastewater; commercial farms; Thailand
Abstract:
... Most shrimp farmers in Chantaburi Province, Thailand, use water jets to dislodge sediment from empty pond bottoms, and wastewater is held for sedimentation before discharge into natural waters. Other pond bottom management practices used by a few farmers are sediment excavation, leave sediment but till entire pond bottom, and no mechanical treatment. All four methods of pond bottom treatment are f ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1749-7345.2011.00513.x

93. Role of Organic Matter and Carbonates in Soil Aggregation Estimated Using Laser Diffractometry

Author:
VIRTO, I.; GARTZIA-BENGOETXEA, N.; FERNÁNDEZ-UGALDE, O.
Source:
Pedosphere 2011 v.21 no.5 pp. 566-572
ISSN:
1002-0160
Subject:
carbonates; soil organic carbon; no-tillage; conventional tillage; hydrogen peroxide; hydrochloric acid; semiarid soils; soil aggregation; soil sampling
Abstract:
... Aggregation in many soils in semi-arid land is affected by their high carbonate contents. The presence of lithogenic and/or primary carbonates can also influence the role of soil organic matter (SOM) in aggregation. The role of carbonates and SOM in aggregation was evaluated by comparing the grain-size distribution in two carbonate-rich soils (15% and 30% carbonates) under conventional tillage aft ...
DOI:
10.1016/S1002-0160(11)60158-6

94. Selective Extraction Methods for Aluminium, Iron and Organic Carbon from Montane Volcanic Ash Soils

Author:
JANSEN, B.; TONNEIJCK, F.H.; VERSTRATEN, J.M.
Source:
Pedosphere 2011 v.21 no.5 pp. 549-565
ISSN:
1002-0160
Subject:
toxicity; sodium hydroxide; soil organic carbon; humin; humic acids; iron; carbon cycle; sodium pyrophosphate; aluminum; potassium; sodium; soil horizons; soil profiles; volcanic ash soils; ammonium oxalate; oxalic acid; fulvic acids; cold; Ecuador
Abstract:
... Montane volcanic ash soils contain disproportionate amounts of soil organic carbon and thereby play an often underestimated role in the global carbon cycle. Given the central role of Al and Fe in stabilizing organic matter in volcanic ash soils, we assessed various extraction methods of Al, Fe, and C fractions from montane volcanic ash soils in northern Ecuador, aiming at elucidating the role of A ...
DOI:
10.1016/S1002-0160(11)60157-4

95. Soil carbon stocks and fluxes in a warm-temperate oak chronosequence in China

Author:
Luan, Junwei; Liu, Shirong; Zhu, Xueling; Wang, Jingxin
Source:
Plant and soil 2011 v.347 no.1-2 pp. 243-253
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
chronosequences; temporal variation; carbon dioxide; Quercus; forest succession; soil organic carbon; soil temperature; porosity; carbon sinks; soil respiration; topsoil; forest growth; stand basal area; forests; China
Abstract:
... Soil respiration (RS) and soil carbon stocks, as well as stand properties were investigated in a warm-temperate oak chronosequence in order to understand the age effect on soil CO2 efflux. The chronosequence consisted of three 40-year-old, 48-year-old, 80-year-old, and 143-year-old oak stands, respectively. RS measurements were conducted using a Li-8100 soil CO2 flux system from October 2008 to Oc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-011-0842-7

96. Soil organic carbon active fractions as early indicators for total carbon change under straw incorporation

Author:
Xu, Minggang; Lou, Yilai; Sun, Xiaolin; Wang, Wei; Baniyamuddin, Muhammad; Zhao, Kai
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 2011 v.47 no.7 pp. 745-752
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
mineralization; Zea mays; soil organic carbon; corn; microbial biomass; carbon sequestration; straw; field experimentation; China
Abstract:
... Changes in total organic C (C T), water-soluble organic C (C WS), microbial biomass C (C MB), C mineralization, particulate organic C (C P), labile organic C (C L), C management index (CMI), and C storage in surface Hapli-Ustic Cambisol (0–20 cm) under straw incorporation after both 2- and 10-year durations were investigated in a maize (Zea mays L.) field experiment in northeast China, in order ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00374-011-0579-8

97. Soil Organic Carbon Loss and Turnover Resulting from Forest Conversion to Maize Fields in Eastern Thailand

Author:
JAIARREE, S.; CHIDTHAISONG, A.; TANGTHAM, N.; POLPRASERT, C.; SAROBOL, E.; TYLER, S.C.
Source:
Pedosphere 2011 v.21 no.5 pp. 581-590
ISSN:
1002-0160
Subject:
land use change; soil organic carbon; farmers; corn; soil; surveys; aerial photography; land cover; remote sensing; stable isotopes; forests; Thailand
Abstract:
... Soil organic carbon (SOC) content and its stable carbon isotopic composition (within the upper 1 m) were measured to determine the effect of land-use changes from dry evergreen forest to maize fields in eastern Thailand. Digital land cover maps, derived from aerial photography and satellite images for years 1989, 1996, and 2002 were used in association with field surveys and farmer interviews to d ...
DOI:
10.1016/S1002-0160(11)60160-4

98. Soil organic carbon of degraded wetlands treated with freshwater in the Yellow River Delta, China

Author:
Wang, Hui; Wang, Renqing; Yu, Yue; Mitchell, Myron J.; Zhang, Lianjun
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2011 v.92 no.10 pp. 2628-2633
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
Phragmites australis; Tamarix chinensis; carbon nitrogen ratio; electrical conductivity; freshwater; nitrogen content; plant communities; soil organic carbon; soil water content; wetlands; China; Yellow River
Abstract:
... Supplying freshwater is one of the important methods to help restore degraded wetlands. Changes in soil properties and plant community biomass were evaluated by comparing sites with freshwater treatment versus reference sites following freshwater addition to wetlands of the Yellow River Delta for 7 years. The results indicated that soil organic carbon (SOC) was significantly increased in all wetla ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.05.030
PubMed:
21723661

99. Soil organic carbon stocks of afforested peatlands in Ireland

Author:
Wellock, Michael L.; Reidy, Brian; Laperle, Christina M.; Bolger, Thomas; Kiely, Gerard
Source:
Forestry 2011 v.84 no.4 pp. 441-451
ISSN:
0015-752X
Subject:
peat; soil organic carbon; bulk density; peatlands; bogs; carbon sinks; Ireland
Abstract:
... This paper quantified the soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration, bulk density, depth and carbon (C) stocks of 24 afforested peatlands. We found that the peat bulk density does not increase with depth, as has been previously noted in the literature. The depths of each different peat type were found to vary widely with means of 192 ± 100, 145 ± 130 and 127 ± 100 cm for raised bogs (RB), high-level ...
DOI:
10.1093/forestry/cpr046

100. Soil organic C, nutrients, microbial biomass, and grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) after 18 years of fertilizer application to an infertile paddy soil

Author:
Lv, Meirong; Li, Zhongpei; Che, Yuping; Han, F. X.; Liu, Ming
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 2011 v.47 no.7 pp. 777-783
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
Oryza sativa; animal manures; correlation; fertilizer application; grain yield; microbial biomass; nitrogen content; nutrient availability; nutrients; organic fertilizers; paddy soils; phosphorus; phosphorus fertilizers; potassium; regression analysis; soil chemical properties; soil fertility; soil microorganisms; soil nutrients; soil organic carbon; subtropics; sustainable agriculture; tropical agriculture
Abstract:
... We have studied the influence of long-term fertilization on organic C, nutrients, microbial biomass of soil, and grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) after 18 years of inorganic and organic fertilizer application to an infertile paddy field under subtropical conditions. After 18 years of fertilization, soil organic C and total N contents were 9.56~12.17 and 1.01~1.25 g kg−1, which were 190~269% a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00374-011-0584-y