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1. Difference of social motivation in quail selected for divergent circadian activity

Author:
Formanek, Laureline; Richard-Yris, Marie-Annick; Petton, Christophe; Houdelier, Cécilia; Lumineau, Sophie
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2011 v.135 no.4 pp. 309-317
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
motivation; Coturnix japonica; circadian rhythm
Abstract:
... Endogenous rhythms are adaptive responses to predictable changes of the environment, like the day/night cycle. Some researches demonstrated that social cycles can influence the circadian rhythm, while no study investigated the effect of endogenous rhythmicity on the sociability in Vertebrates. This study investigated whether differences in the functioning of the circadian system was associated wit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.012

2. Influence of nest-floor slope on the nest choice of laying hens

Author:
Stämpfli, Karin; Roth, Beatrice A.; Buchwalder, Theres; Fröhlich, Ernst K.F.
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2011 v.135 no.4 pp. 286-292
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
analysis of variance; animal welfare; eggs; laws and regulations; laying hens; nests; oviposition; Switzerland
Abstract:
... Group nests in alternative housing systems for laying hens primarily fulfil the hen's needs for seclusion and protection. Commercial nests used in Switzerland are built according to the provisions of the Swiss Animal Welfare Legislation. However, nest types can differ in aspects, such as floor slope, that could have an impact on egg-laying behaviour. Floor slope has to be designed so that eggs rol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.008

3. Long-term stability of Avoidance Distance tests for on-farm assessment of dairy cow relationship to humans in alpine traditional husbandry systems

Author:
Battini, Monica; Andreoli, Elena; Barbieri, Sara; Mattiello, Silvana
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2011 v.135 no.4 pp. 267-270
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
certification; dairy cows; grazing; humans; lactation; loose housing; summer
Abstract:
... The present study investigates the long-term stability of two behaviour tests used to evaluate the human–animal relationship as well as gather information to refine on-farm welfare assessment protocols in alpine husbandry systems. Two tests, Avoidance Distance (AD) and Avoidance Distance at the Feeding rack (ADF) were performed on 50 lactating cows, bred in a loose housing system, following a pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.013

4. Preference for structured environment in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and checker barbs (Puntius oligolepis)

Author:
Kistler, Claudia; Hegglin, Daniel; Würbel, Hanno; König, Barbara
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2011 v.135 no.4 pp. 318-327
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
Danio rerio; aquariums; behavior problems; clay; fish; foods; pets
Abstract:
... Information about the welfare and husbandry of pet and laboratory fish is scarce although millions of fish are sold in pet shops and used in laboratory research every year. Inadequate housing conditions can cause behavioural problems also in fish since they are complex animals with sophisticated behaviour. In this study, we investigated the influence of environmental complexity on compartment pref ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.014

5. Studies in the genus Eleodes Eschscholtz with a revision of the subgenus Melaneleodes Blaisdell and Omegeloedes, new subgenus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae:Eleodini)P

Author:
Triplehorn, Charles A.; Thomas, Donald B.
Source:
ARS USDA Submissions 2011 v.137 no.3-4 pp. 251
Subject:
Blaps; Eleodes; insect identification; new combination; new status; new subgenus; new subspecies; taxonomic keys; taxonomic revisions
Abstract:
... The taxonomic history of the genus Eleodes Eschscholtz is reviewed and the subgenus Melaneleodes Blaisdell redefined based on characters of the female terminalia with Blaps carbonaria Say herein designated as type-species. Eleodes debilis LeConte is removed from Melaneleodes to a new monotypic subgenus, Omegeleodes, based on the female characters. The subgenus Melaneleodes as redefined contains el ...
Handle:
10113/59467

6. The behavior of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) during separation from and reunion with the owner: A questionnaire and an experimental study

Author:
Konok, Veronika; Dóka, Antal; Miklósi, Ádám
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2011 v.135 no.4 pp. 300-308
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
behavior problems; dogs; questionnaires; screening
Abstract:
... We have constructed a questionnaire to investigate the separation behavior in a sample of family dogs (Canis familiaris) (N=45) and in parallel we have observed dogs’ separation-related behavior in a simple behavioral test (Separation and greeting test, S&G). We recorded the dogs’ behavior during the separation from and reunion (greeting) with the owner. We investigated whether owners’ report abou ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.011

7. The relationship between the comb and social behaviour in laying hens

Author:
O’Connor, Emily A.; Saunders, John E.; Grist, Hannah; McLeman, Morven A.; Wathes, Christopher M.; Abeyesinghe, Siobhan M.
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2011 v.135 no.4 pp. 293-299
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
body weight; color; humans; laying hens; pullets; social dominance; wavelengths
Abstract:
... The question of whether attributes of the combs of laying hens have any consistent relationship with dominance behaviour has yet to be answered unequivocally. This study sought to address this by investigating whether a relationship existed between the competitive ability of hens within stable groups and the size or colour of their combs. Pullets (n=120, Hy-line® Variety Brown) were allocated rand ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2011.09.011

8. Three-dimensional analysis of horse and human gaits in therapeutic riding

Author:
Uchiyama, Hidehiko; Ohtani, Nobuyo; Ohta, Mitsuaki
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2011 v.135 no.4 pp. 271-276
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
diastolic blood pressure; exercise; gait; heart rate; horse riding; horses; humans; pelvis; walking
Abstract:
... Therapeutic horse riding or hippotherapy is used as an intervention for treating individuals with mental and physical disabilities. Equine-assisted interventions are based on the hypothesis that the movement of the horse's pelvis during horseback riding resembles human ambulation, and thus provides motor and sensory inputs similar to those received during human walking. However, this hypothesis ha ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.024

9. Towards a more objective assessment of equine personality using behavioural and physiological observations from performance test training

Author:
König von Borstel, Uta; Pasing, Stephanie; Gauly, Matthias
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2011 v.135 no.4 pp. 277-285
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
gait; guidelines; hands; heart rate; livestock breeding; regression analysis; screening; stallions; temperament
Abstract:
... Current definitions of horse personality traits are rather vague, lacking clear, universally accepted guidelines for evaluation in performance tests. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to screen behavioural and physiological measurements taken during riding for potential links with scores the same horses received in the official stallion performance test for rideability and personality tr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.007

10. Actual evapotranspiration estimation by ground and remote sensing methods: the Australian experience

Author:
Glenn, Edward P.; Doody, Tanya M.; Guerschman, Juan P.; Huete, Alfredo R.; King, Edward A.; McVicar, Tim R.; Van Dijk, Albert I. J. M.; Van Niel, Thomas G.; Yebra, Marta; Zhang, Yongqiang
Source:
Hydrological processes 2011 v.25 no.26 pp. 4103-4116
ISSN:
0885-6087
Subject:
agroecosystems; meteorological data; eddy covariance; evapotranspiration; uncertainty; models; sap flow; watersheds; remote sensing; water policy; water resources; vegetation; researchers; Australia
Abstract:
... On average, Australia is a dry continent with many competing uses for water. Hence, there is an urgent need to know actual evapotranspiration (ETa) patterns across wide areas of agricultural and natural ecosystems, as opposed to just point measurements of ETa. The Australian Government has tasked the science agencies with operationally developing monthly and annual estimates of ETa and other hydro ...
DOI:
10.1002/hyp.8391

11. A facile synthesis of (S)-felodipine

Author:
Kwon, Kuktae; Shin, Jung A.; Lee, Hee-Yoon
Source:
Tetrahedron 2011 v.67 no.52 pp. 10222-10228
ISSN:
0040-4020
Subject:
chemical structure; esters; transesterification
Abstract:
... A short and facile synthesis of (S)-felodipine was developed starting from (R)-glycidol as the source of the chiral auxiliary. 2-Hydroxyethyl esters were found to undergo selective transesterification reactions in the presence of other esters. This selective transesterification reaction was applied to the synthesis of (S)-felodipine through selective substitution of the 2-hydroxyethyl group posses ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tet.2011.10.025

12. A low thermal mass fast gas chromatograph and its implementation in fast gas chromatography mass spectrometry with supersonic molecular beams

Author:
Fialkov, Alexander B.; Morag, Mati; Amirav, Aviv
Source:
Journal of chromatography 2011 v.1218 no.52 pp. 9375-9383
ISSN:
0021-9673
Subject:
biodiesel; cold; cooling; cypermethrin; fatty acid methyl esters; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; grapes; ionization; ions; stainless steel; temperature; trinitrotoluene
Abstract:
... A new type of low thermal mass (LTM) fast gas chromatograph (GC) was designed and operated in combination with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS) with supersonic molecular beams (SMB), including GC–MS–MS with SMB, thereby providing a novel combination with unique capabilities. The LTM fast GC is based on a short capillary column inserted inside a stainless steel tube that is resistively ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.053

13. A Monomorphic Haplotype of Chromosome Ia Is Associated with Widespread Success in Clonal and Nonclonal Populations of Toxoplasma gondii

Author:
Khan, Asis; Miller, Natalie; Roos, David S.; Dubey, J. P.; Ajzenberg, Daniel; Dardé, Marie Laure; Ajioka, James W.; Rosenthal, Benjamin; Sibley, L. David
Source:
mBio 2011 v.2 no.6 pp. e00228
ISSN:
2150-7511
Subject:
Toxoplasma gondii; ancestry; animals; disease transmission; genes; genetic recombination; genetic variation; haplotypes; human diseases; loci; parasites; pathogens; population structure; virulence; Europe; North America; South America
Abstract:
... Toxoplasma gondii is a common parasite of animals that also causes a zoonotic infection in humans. Previous studies have revealed a strongly clonal population structure that is shared between North America and Europe, while South American strains show greater genetic diversity and evidence of sexual recombination. The common inheritance of a monomorphic version of chromosome Ia (referred to as Chr ...
Handle:
10113/54183
DOI:
10.1128/mBio.00228-11
PubMed:
22068979
PubMed Central:
PMC3215432

14. Analysis and interpretation of variability in soundscapes along an urban–rural gradient

Author:
Joo, Wooyeong; Gage, Stuart H.; Kasten, Eric P.
Source:
Landscape and urban planning 2011 v.103 no.3-4 pp. 259-276
ISSN:
0169-2046
Subject:
acoustic properties; birds; correspondence analysis; landscapes; regression analysis; spatial data; urbanization; vegetation types; vocalization; Michigan
Abstract:
... Urbanization has not only altered land cover types, but also changed acoustic environments to which animals must adapt or emigrate for effective communication. Although many studies have addressed the effects of urban noise on acoustic communication of vocal organisms, little work has been done to understand the acoustic characteristics and the interaction between biological and anthropogenic soun ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.08.001

15. Analysis of hazardous organic residues from sodium hydrosulfite industry and utilization as raw materials in a novel solid lubricant production

Author:
Shang, Jiwu; Zhang, Yihe; Zhou, Fengshan; Lv, Fengzhu; Han, Feng; Lu, Jinbo; Meng, Xianghai; Chu, Paul K.; Ye, Zhengfang; Xing, Jing
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.198 pp. 65-69
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; adsorbents; drilling; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; industry; liquid chromatography; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; petroleum; pollution; raw materials; sodium hydrosulfite; wastes
Abstract:
... The hazardous organic residual wastes produced by the sodium hydrosulfite industry are demonstrated to be convertible into a novel solid lubricant. Identification and isolation of the organic residues are achieved by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). FTIR and GC–MS provide important information about ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.013

16. A procedure for mathematical analysis of landscape evolution and equilibrium scenarios assessment

Author:
Gobattoni, Federica; Pelorosso, Raffaele; Lauro, Giuliana; Leone, Antonio; Monaco, Roberto
Source:
Landscape and urban planning 2011 v.103 no.3-4 pp. 289-302
ISSN:
0169-2046
Subject:
accelerated erosion; afforestation; biodiversity; decision support systems; deforestation; ecosystems; energy; geographic information systems; humans; hydrology; landscapes; managers; models; natural resources conservation; sustainable development; thermodynamics; urban planning; watersheds; Italy
Abstract:
... The need for suitable planning strategies to reduce landscape fragmentation favoring energy and matter fluxes between ecosystems and preserving biodiversity, is a key issue of nature conservation and sustainable development. Human interventions may represent obstacles to such fluxes between ecosystems and they may affect landscape evolution and equilibrium conditions in terms of biodiversity reduc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.08.011

17. A Salmonella Virulence Factor Activates the NOD1/NOD2 Signaling Pathway

Author:
Marijke Keestra, A.; Winter, Maria G.; Klein-Douwel, Daisy; Xavier, Mariana N.; Winter, Sebastian E.; Kim, Anita; Tsolis, Renée M.; Bäumler, Andreas J.
Source:
mBio 2011 v.2 no.6 pp. e00266
ISSN:
2150-7511
Subject:
Salmonella Typhimurium; animal models; colitis; cytosol; inflammation; mice; pathogens; receptors; serotypes; signal transduction; tissue culture; transcription (genetics); transcription factor NF-kappa B; type III secretion system; virulence
Abstract:
... The invasion-associated type III secretion system (T3SS-1) of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) activates the transcription factor NF-κB in tissue culture cells and induces inflammatory responses in animal models through unknown mechanisms. Here we show that bacterial delivery or ectopic expression of SipA, a T3SS-1-translocated protein, led to the activation of the NOD1/N ...
DOI:
10.1128/mBio.00266-11
PubMed:
22186610
PubMed Central:
PMC3238304

18. Assembly of Xylanases into Designer Cellulosomes Promotes Efficient Hydrolysis of the Xylan Component of a Natural Recalcitrant Cellulosic Substrate

Author:
Moraïs, Sarah; Barak, Yoav; Hadar, Yitzhak; Wilson, David B.; Shoham, Yuval; Lamed, Raphael; Bayer, Edward A.
Source:
mBio 2011 v.2 no.6 pp. e00233
ISSN:
2150-7511
Subject:
lignocellulose; Thermobifida fusca; society; reducing sugars; cell walls; cellulosome; cellulose; synergism; fossil fuels; industrial applications; xylan 1,4-beta-xylosidase; xylan; cellulases; wheat straw; hydrolysis; biomass; glycosides; biofuels; cost effectiveness; bacteria
Abstract:
... In nature, the complex composition and structure of the plant cell wall pose a barrier to enzymatic degradation. Nevertheless, some anaerobic bacteria have evolved for this purpose an intriguing, highly efficient multienzyme complex, the cellulosome, which contains numerous cellulases and hemicellulases. The rod-like cellulose component of the plant cell wall is embedded in a colloidal blend of he ...
DOI:
10.1128/mBio.00233-11
PubMed:
22086489
PubMed Central:
PMC3221603

19. Biodegradation dynamics and cell maintenance for the treatment of resorcinol and p-cresol by filamentous fungus Gliomastix indicus

Author:
Arya, Deepika; Kumar, Shashi; Kumar, Surendra
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.198 pp. 49-56
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
biodegradation; energy; fungi; mathematical models; p-cresol; pH; resorcinol; temperature
Abstract:
... Biodegradation of resorcinol and p-cresol using fungus Gliomastix indicus MTCC 3869 was investigated in batch culture experiments at 28°C temperature and pH of 6 in the medium up to the initial concentration of 1300mg/L and 700mg/L for resorcinol and p-cresol, respectively. Five specific growth kinetic models and five specific degradation rate models were fitted to the experimental data in order t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.009

20. Biodegradation of ciprofloxacin in water and soil and its effects on the microbial communities

Author:
Girardi, Cristobal; Greve, Josephine; Lamshöft, Marc; Fetzer, Ingo; Miltner, Anja; Schäffer, Andreas; Kästner, Matthias
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2011 v.198 pp. 22-30
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
antibiotics; bioavailability; biodegradability; biodegradation; ciprofloxacin; ecosystem services; microbial activity; microbial communities; microorganisms; mineralization; risk; sorption; toxicity
Abstract:
... While antibiotics are frequently found in the environment, their biodegradability and ecotoxicological effects are not well understood. Ciprofloxacin inhibits active and growing microorganisms and therefore can represent an important risk for the environment, especially for soil microbial ecology and microbial ecosystem services. We investigated the biodegradation of ¹⁴C-ciprofloxacin in water and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.004