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1. Population Dynamics of Meloidogyne arenaria and Pasteuria penetrans in a Long-Term Crop Rotation Study

Author:
Timper, Patricia
Source:
Journal of nematology 2009 v.41 no.4 pp. 291
Subject:
Meloidogyne arenaria; root-knot nematodes; Pasteuria penetrans; Gram-positive bacteria; spore-forming bacteria; endospores; population dynamics; crop rotation; cropping sequence; Arachis hypogaea; Gossypium hirsutum; Zea mays; Solanum melongena; host-parasite relationships; host-pathogen relationships
Abstract:
... The endospore-forming bacterium Pasteuria penetrans is an obligate parasite of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). The primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of crop sequence on abundance of P. penetrans. The experiment was conducted from 2000 to 2008 at a field site naturally infested with both the bacterium and its host Meloidogyne arenaria and included the following cro ...
Handle:
10113/49379

2. Tillage Requirements for Integrating Winter-Annual Grazing in Peanut Production: Plant Water Status and Productivity

Author:
Siri-Prieto, G.; Reeves, D. W.; Raper, R. L.
Source:
Agronomy journal 2009 v.101 no.6 pp. 1400
ISSN:
1435-0645
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; tillage; grazing; annuals; cropping systems; livestock; profitability; soil compaction; crop yield; loamy sand soils; conservation tillage; beef cattle; dryland farming; deep tillage; plowing; discing; soil water content; plant-water relations; leaf conductance; plant density; forage grasses; forage crops; Alabama
Abstract:
... The use of crop rotation systems involving winter-annual grazing can help peanut (L.) producers increase profitability, although winter-annual grazing could result in excessive soil compaction, which can severely limit yields. We conducted a 3-yr field study on a Dothan loamy sand in southeastern Alabama to develop a conservation tillage system for integrating peanut with winter-annual grazing of ...
Handle:
10113/37218
DOI:
10.2134/agronj2009.0116

3. Two Alleles of ahFAD2B Control the High Oleic Acid Trait in Cultivated Peanut

Author:
Chu, Ye; Holbrook, C. Corley; Ozias-Akins, Peggy
Source:
Crop science 2009 v.49 no.6 pp. 2029
ISSN:
1435-0653
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; oleic acid; lipid composition; alleles; linoleic acid; recessive genes; genetic markers; marker-assisted selection; plant breeding; mutants; nucleotide sequences; transposons; genetic polymorphism; breeding lines; heterozygosity
Abstract:
... A high oleic:linoleic acid ratio (O/L) in peanut (L.) seeds is controlled primarily by two recessive genes, and (and). Marker-assisted breeding for high O/L could become routine provided that user-friendly and economical markers could be developed that would target mutant alleles underlying the trait. Previously, a mutant allele of was characterized as having a 448G>A transition, and two alleles w ...
Handle:
10113/37343
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2009.01.0021

4. Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and O3 Differentially Alter Nitrogen Acquisition in Peanut

Author:
Tu, Cong; Booker, Fitzgerald L.; Burkey, Kent O.; Hu, Shuijin
Source:
Crop science 2009 v.49 no.5 pp. 1827
ISSN:
1435-0653
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; carbon dioxide; elevated atmospheric gases; ozone; nitrogen; plant nutrition; nutrient uptake; nitrogen fixation; symbiosis; dry matter accumulation; nitrogen content; stable isotopes
Abstract:
... Elevated atmospheric CO and ozone (O) may affect productivity of legumes in part by altering symbiotic N fixation. To investigate this possibility, measurements of plant biomass, N levels and natural N abundance (δN) were used to examine the effects of elevated CO and O on N acquisition in field-grown peanut (L.) using open-top chambers. Seasonal 12-h daily average CO treatment concentrations were ...
Handle:
10113/34936
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2008.10.0603

5. Performance of Equipment for In-Field Shelling of Peanut for Biodiesel Production

Author:
Butts, C.L.; Sorensen, R.B.; Nuti, R.C.; Lamb, M.C.; Faircloth, W.H.
Source:
Transactions of the ASABE 2009 v.52 no.5 pp. 1461
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; mechanical harvesting; shelling; agricultural machinery and equipment; combine harvesters; biomass; biodiesel; peanut oil; equipment performance; economic analysis
Abstract:
... Drying, cleaning, and shelling peanuts represents approximately one-third of the costs of growing, harvesting, and processing peanuts for oil extraction. A conventional two-row peanut combine normally used to thresh windrowed peanuts was modified to shell the peanuts as they were harvested. Peanuts were dug, windrowed, and allowed to partially dry in the windrow. They were then harvested using eit ...
Handle:
10113/38063

6. Yield and Plant Growth Response of Peanut to Midseason Forage Harvest

Author:
Sorensen, Ronald B.; Nuti, Russell C.; Butts, Christopher L.
Source:
Agronomy journal 2009 v.101 no.5 pp. 1198
ISSN:
1435-0645
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; forage legumes; harvesting; crop yield; hay; crops; crop quality; farm income; plant growth substances; temporal variation; harvest date; plant density; frequency; Georgia
Abstract:
... Harvesting of peanut (L.) foliage during the growing season may increase farm revenue through the sale of peanut hay; however, it is unknown how the peanut plant will respond to forage removal with respect to plant characteristics, pod yield, quality, and revenue. This experiment was a randomized complete block design where peanut foliage was harvested or sprayed with a plant growth regulator proh ...
Handle:
10113/36476
DOI:
10.2134/agronj2009.0047

7. Spatiotemporal Patterns and Dispersal of Stink Bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Peanut-Cotton Farmscapes

Author:
Tillman, P.G.; Northfield, T.D.; Mizell, R.F.; Riddle, T.C.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2009 v.38 no.4 pp. 1038
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; Gossypium hirsutum; cotton; spatial variation; temporal variation; Nezara viridula; Euschistus servus; insect pests; plant pests; agricultural land; agroecosystems; population density; spatial distribution; spatial data; host plants; edge effects; bolls; Georgia
Abstract:
... In the southeast United States, a field of peanuts, Arachis hypogaea L., is often closely associated with a field of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. The objective of this 4-yr on-farm study was to examine and compare the spatiotemporal patterns and dispersal of the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula L., and the brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say), in six of these peanut-cotton farmscapes ...
Handle:
10113/34304
DOI:
10.1603/022.038.0411
PubMed:
19689882

8. Spontaneous and induced variability of allergens in commodity crops: Ara h 2 in peanut as a case study

Author:
Ozias-Akins, Peggy; Ramos, M. Laura; Faustinelli, Paola; Chu, Ye; Maleki, Soheila; Thelen, Jay J.; Huntley, James; Arias, Katherine; Jordana, Manel
Source:
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology 2009 v.54 no.3 pp. S37
ISSN:
1096-0295
Subject:
peanuts; Arachis hypogaea; Arachis; legumes; soybeans; nuts; small grains; food allergies; allergens; storage proteins; mutagenesis; RNA splicing; RNA interference; transgenic plants
Abstract:
... Many commodity crops are grown for human consumption, and the resulting food products usually contain proteins, some of which may be allergenic. The legumes, peanut and soybean, as well as tree nuts and some cereal grains are well recognized sources of food allergens. In peanut, there are 11 documented allergenic proteins, although the major allergens are considered to be Ara h 1 and Ara h 2, both ...
Handle:
10113/43728
DOI:
10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.11.002

9. Antifungal Activity in Transgenic Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Conferred by a Nonheme Chloroperoxidase Gene

Author:
Niu, C.; Akasaka-Kennedy, Y.; Faustinelli, P.; Joshi, M.; Rajasekaran, K.; Yang, H.; Chu, Y.; Cary, J.; Ozias-Akins, P.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.2 pp. 126
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; antifungal properties; transgenic plants; genetic transformation; disease resistance; genetic resistance; plant-incorporated protectants; biolistics; gene expression; Burkholderia pyrrocinia; microbial proteins; peroxidases; bioassays; Aspergillus flavus; hyphae; microbial growth; in vitro studies
Abstract:
... A nonheme chloroperoxidase gene (cpo-p) from Pseudomonas pyrrocinia, a growth inhibitor of mycotoxin-producing fungi, was introduced into peanut via particle bombardment. The expression of the cpo-p gene is predicted to increase pathogen defense in peanut. Embryogenic peanut tissues were bombarded with gold particles coated with plasmid pRT66 carrying the cpo-p and hygromycin phosphotransferase (h ...
Handle:
10113/40286
DOI:
10.3146/PS08-020.1

10. Comparison of ELISA and RT-PCR assays for the detection of Tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut

Author:
Dang, P.M.; Rowland, D.L.; Faircloth, W.H.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.2 pp. 133
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; Tomato spotted wilt virus; plant diseases and disorders; disease detection; pathogen identification; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; diagnostic techniques; accuracy; disease incidence
Abstract:
... Diagnosis of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in peanut can be accomplished by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) but there has been no report of a direct comparison of the success of the two assays in evaluating infection rates of field-grown peanut. We collected peanut root samples from field-grown plants, 76 in 2006 and 48 in 20 ...
Handle:
10113/40287
DOI:
10.3146/PS08-024.1

11. Content of Some Nutrients in the Core of the Core of the Peanut Germplasm Collection

Author:
Dean, L.L.; Hendrix, K.W.; Holbrook, C.C.; Sanders, T.H.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.2 pp. 104
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; germplasm; plant genetic resources; nutrient content; plant morphology; environmental factors; genetic variation; amino acid composition; fatty acid composition; tocopherols; folic acid
Abstract:
... The usefulness of core collections of germplasm collections has been well established. The U.S. germplasm collection for peanuts was selectively reduced based on morphological characteristics to a mini core or “Core of the Core” collection composed of 112 of the 7432 accessions in the whole collection to make it more efficient for study. Of these samples, 108 were available from one location in th ...
Handle:
10113/40285
DOI:
10.3146/PS07-103.1

12. Temperature Effects on Carbohydrates of Hydroponically-Grown Peanuts

Author:
Burke, John J.; Chen, Junping; Rowland, Diane L.; Sanders, Timothy H.; Dean, Lisa L.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.2 pp. 150
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; carbohydrate content; hydroponics; temperature; sugars; soluble solids; color; rhizosphere; night temperature; pods; harvest date; temporal variation; sucrose; soil temperature
Abstract:
... In most years, peanuts from the south-central US have excellent soluble sugar levels for the food industry; however, in some growing seasons high sugar contents are a significant problem associated with roasted color variation. To test the hypothesis that high sugar concentration was related to low temperature extremes, this study evaluated temperature effects on carbohydrate levels in peanuts gro ...
Handle:
10113/40339
DOI:
10.3146/PS08-022.1

13. Using conservation systems to alleviate soil compaction in a Southeastern United States ultisol

Author:
Simoes, R.P.; Raper, R.L.; Arriaga, F.J.; Balkcom, K.S.; Shaw, J.N.
Source:
Soil & tillage research 2009 v.104 no.1 pp. 106
ISSN:
0167-1987
Subject:
soil compaction; conservation tillage; conservation practices; Ultisols; coastal plain soils; sandy loam soils; tillage implements; energy use and consumption; energy efficiency; deep tillage; subsoiling; soil strength; cash crops; peanuts; cotton; Arachis hypogaea; Gossypium hirsutum; drought tolerance; cover crops; costs and returns; crop yield; Southeastern United States; Alabama
Abstract:
... Coastal Plain soils are prone to compaction layers which restrict root growth and reduce yields. The adoption of non-inversion deep tillage has been recommended to disrupt compacted soil layers and create an adequate medium for crop development. In spite of its efficacy, increased fuel prices could reduce in-row subsoiling adoption due to the cost of the operation. We evaluated three subsoiling im ...
Handle:
10113/29746
DOI:
10.1016/j.still.2009.01.004

14. Association of root, specific leaf area and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading to water use efficiency of peanut under different available soil water

Author:
Songsri, P.; Jogloy, S.; Holbrook, C.C.; Kesmala, T.; Vorasoot, N.; Akkasaeng, C.; Patanothai, A.
Source:
Agricultural water management 2009 v.96 no.5 pp. 790
ISSN:
0378-3774
Subject:
peanuts; Arachis hypogaea; rainfed farming; drought; rain; roots; leaf area; chlorophyll; water use efficiency; soil water; soil water content; genetic variation; genotype; greenhouse experimentation; crop yield
Abstract:
... Drought is the major abiotic constraint affecting peanut productivity and quality worldwide. There is a pressing need to improve the water use efficiency (WUE) of rain-fed peanut production. Breeding varieties with higher water use efficiency is seen as providing part of the solution. The objectives of this work were to (i) evaluate genetic variation in WUE, harvest index, root dry weight, specifi ...
Handle:
10113/28021
DOI:
10.1016/j.agwat.2008.10.009

15. Heritability of N2 Fixation Traits, and Phenotypic and Genotypic Correlations between N2 Fixation Traits with Drought Resistance Traits and Yield in Peanut

Author:
Pimratch, S.; Jogloy, S.; Vorasoot, N.; Toomsan, B.; Kesmala, T.; Patanothai, A.; Holbrook, C.C.
Source:
Crop science 2009 v.49 no.3 pp. 791
ISSN:
1435-0653
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; nitrogen fixation; phenotype; genotype; phenotypic correlation; genetic correlation; water stress; drought; crop yield; leaf area; chlorophyll; root nodules; dry matter accumulation; harvest index; dry matter partitioning; heritability; selection criteria; drought tolerance; Thailand
Abstract:
... Drought stress reduces growth and yield in peanut (L.) and also reduces nitrogen fixation (NF). Peanut production in drought prone areas should be enhanced by the development of cultivars that can fix more nitrogen (N) under drought conditions. The aims of this study were to estimate heritability for NF and to estimate phenotypic and genotypic correlations among traits related to NF with drought-r ...
Handle:
10113/31750
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2008.06.0331

16. Comparisons of Biodiesel Produced from Unrefined Oils of Different Peanut Cultivars

Author:
Davis, J. P.; Geller, D.; Faircloth, W. H.; Sanders, T. H.
Source:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 2009 v.86 no.4 pp. 353
ISSN:
0003-021X
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; cultivars; peanut oil; renewable energy sources; biodiesel; physical properties; viscosity; fatty acid composition; fatty acid esters; long chain fatty acids; saturated fatty acids; crystallization
Abstract:
... Biodiesels were prepared according to standard procedures from unrefined oils of eight commercially available peanut cultivars and compared for differences in physical properties important to fuel performance. Dynamic viscosity, kinematic viscosity and density were measured from 100 to 15 °C, and differences (p < 0.05) in these physical properties occurred more frequently at lower temperatures whe ...
Handle:
10113/32944
DOI:
10.1007/s11746-009-1353-z

17. Discovery and characterization of a molecular marker for Sclerotinia minor (Jagger) resistance in peanut

Author:
Chenault, Kelly D.; Maas, Andrea L.; Damicone, John P.; Payton, Mark E.; Melouk, Hassan A.
Source:
Euphytica 2009 v.166 no.3 pp. 357
ISSN:
0014-2336
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; disease resistance; Sclerotinia minor; blight; fungal diseases of plants; genetic markers; microsatellite repeats; polymerase chain reaction; DNA primers; genotype
Abstract:
... The production of cultivated peanut, an important agronomic crop throughout the United States and the world, is consistently threatened by various diseases and pests. Sclerotinia minor Jagger (S. minor), the causal agent of Sclerotinia blight, is a major threat to peanut production in the Southwestern US, Virginia and North Carolina. Although information on the variability of morphological traits ...
Handle:
10113/27152
DOI:
10.1007/s10681-008-9816-0

18. Physiology and proteomics of the water-deficit stress response in three contrasting peanut genotypes

Author:
KOTTAPALLI, KAMESWARA RAO; RAKWAL, RANDEEP; SHIBATO, JUNKO; BUROW, GLORIA; TISSUE, DAVID; BURKE, JOHN; PUPPALA, NAVEEN; BUROW, MARK; PAYTON, PAXTON
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 2009 v.32 no.4 pp. 380
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; germplasm; germplasm evaluation; genotype; proteome; proteomics; water stress; plant stress; plant-water relations; soil water deficit; plant proteins; acetyl-CoA carboxylase
Abstract:
... Peanut genotypes from the US mini-core collection were analysed for changes in leaf proteins during reproductive stage growth under water-deficit stress. One- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (1- and 2-DGE) was performed on soluble protein extracts of selected tolerant and susceptible genotypes. A total of 102 protein bands/spots were analysed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization- ...
Handle:
10113/37388
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01933.x
PubMed:
19143990

19. Weed Management Using Reduced Rate Combinations of Diclosulam, Flumioxazin, and Imazapic in Peanut

Author:
Ducar, J. Tredaway; Clewis, S. B.; Wilcut, J. W.; Jordan, D. L.; Brecke, B. J.; Grichar, W. J.; Johnson, W. C.; Wehtje, G. R.
Source:
Weed technology 2009 v.23 no.2 pp. 236
ISSN:
0890-037X
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; weed control; pesticide mixtures; diclosulam; flumioxazin; imazapic; field experimentation; application rate; pesticide use reduction; postemergent weed control; species differences; weeds; crop yield; Alabama; Georgia; Florida; North Carolina; Texas
Abstract:
... Experiments were conducted during 2000 and 2001 at a total of 13 locations throughout Alabama, Georgia, Florida, North Carolina, and Texas to evaluate efficacy of herbicides at or below the manufacturer's suggested use rate. Herbicide applications included diclosulam and flumioxazin applied PRE alone or followed by imazapic applied early postemergence (EPOST). All possible combinations of diclosul ...
Handle:
10113/32559
DOI:
10.1614/WT-07-180.1

20. Systematic determination of the peptide acceptor preferences for the human UDP-Gal:glycoprotein-α-GalNAc β3 galactosyltranferase (T-synthase)

Author:
Perrine, Cynthia; Ju, Tongzhong; Cummings, Richard D.; Gerken, Thomas A.
Source:
Glycobiology 2009 v.19 no.3 pp. 321-328
ISSN:
0959-6658
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; biosynthesis; electrostatic interactions; galactosyltransferases; glycopeptides; glycosylation; humans; lectins; polypeptides
Abstract:
... Mucin-type protein O-glycosylation is initiated by the addition of α-GalNAc to Ser/Thr residues of a polypeptide chain. The addition of β-Gal to GalNAc by the UDP-Gal:glycoprotein-α-GalNAc β3 galactosyltransferase (T-synthase), forming the Core 1 structure (β-Gal(1-3)-α-GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr), is a common and biologically significant subsequent step in O-glycan biosynthesis. What dictates the sites of ...
DOI:
10.1093/glycob/cwn143
PubMed:
19073881
PubMed Central:
PMC2733779

21. Identification and characterization of a hypoallergenic ortholog of Ara h 2.01

Author:
Ramos, M. Laura; Huntley, James J.; Maleki, Soheila J.; Ozias-Akins, Peggy
Source:
Plant molecular biology 2009 v.69 no.3 pp. 325
ISSN:
0167-4412
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; seed storage; plant proteins; storage proteins; allergens; food allergies; genetic variation; missense mutation; epitopes; genetic polymorphism; immunotherapy; cultivars
Abstract:
... Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), can elicit type I allergy becoming the most common cause of fatal food-induced anaphylactic reactions. Strict avoidance is the only effective means of dealing with this allergy. Ara h 2, a peanut seed storage protein, has been identified as the most potent peanut allergen and is recognized by approximately 90% of peanut hypersensitive individuals in the US. Because pe ...
Handle:
10113/42412
DOI:
10.1007/s11103-008-9428-z
PubMed:
19009240

22. The interaction between Meloidogyne arenaria and Cylindrocladium parasiticum in runner peanut

Author:
Dong, W.B.; Brenneman, T.B.; Holbrook, C.C.; Timper, P.; Culbreath, A.K.
Source:
Plant pathology 2009 v.58 no.1 pp. 71
ISSN:
0032-0862
Subject:
Meloidogyne arenaria; root-knot nematodes; Cylindrocladium; plant pathogenic fungi; host-parasite relationships; host-pathogen relationships; root rot; disease severity; disease resistance; peanuts; Arachis hypogaea; genetic variation; greenhouse experimentation
Abstract:
... Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR), caused by Cylindrocladium parasiticum, and root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria, both infect and cause damage to the roots of peanut. Greenhouse and microplot experiments were conducted with the runner type peanut genotypes C724-19-15, C724-19-25 and Georgia-02C with different levels of resistance to nematode and CBR to better understand the interactions betwee ...
Handle:
10113/35828
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01932.x

23. Development of Biocontrol Technology to Manage Aflatoxin Contamination in Peanuts

Author:
Dorner, J.W.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.1 pp. 60
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; field crops; Aspergillus flavus; aflatoxins; food contamination; plant pathogenic fungi; microbial contamination; microbial colonization; Aspergillus parasiticus; drought; water stress; soil fungi; biological control; land application; spore germination; sporulation; nontoxigenic strains; microbial competition; competitive exclusion; fungal antagonists; soil-borne diseases; Alabama; Georgia
Abstract:
... Aflatoxin contamination of peanuts results from invasion and growth of the fungi, Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Peanut pods develop in the soil where they are in contact with propagules of these ubiquitous fungi. When peanuts are subjected to drought conditions as pods are maturing, they become susceptible to contamination. A method of biological control of aflatoxin contamination was dev ...
Handle:
10113/35137
DOI:
10.3146/AT07-002.1

24. Genomics: An Evolving Science in Peanut

Author:
Stalker, H.T.; Weissinger, A.K.; Milla-Lewis, S.; Holbrook, C.C.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.1 pp. 2
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; field crops; genome; genomics; genetic variation; genetic polymorphism; nucleotide sequences; genes; plant genetic resources; genetic techniques and protocols; gene expression regulation; bioinformatics
Abstract:
... Genomic spcience offers new research tools to explore the function of genes and their effects on plants and animals. Arachis hypogaea is a polyploid species of relatively recent origin and molecular analyses with technologies available in the 1980s and 1990s resulted in little progress in the cultivated species because of apparent lack of molecular variation. Large numbers of polymorphisms existin ...
Handle:
10113/35290
DOI:
10.3146/AT07-006.1

25. Identifying Aflatoxin Resistance-related Proteins/Genes through Proteomics and RNAi Gene Silencing

Author:
Chen, Z.Y.; Brown, R.L.; Guo, B.Z.; Menkir, A.; Cleveland, T.E.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.1 pp. 35
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; field crops; aflatoxins; Aspergillus flavus; plant pathogenic fungi; fungal diseases of plants; plant breeding; disease resistance; genetic resistance; genotype; host plants; plant proteins; amino acid sequences; nucleotide sequences; plant stress; biological resistance; RNA interference; gene silencing; plant genetic resources; Zea mays; corn
Abstract:
... Aflatoxins are carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced mainly by Aspergillus flavus Link ex. Fries, and A. prarasiticus Speare during infection of susceptible crops, such as maize, cottonseed, peanuts and tree nuts. This paper will review research efforts in identifying aflatoxin resistance-related proteins/genes in maize. Similar strategies may be useful in peanut. For maize, although genotyp ...
Handle:
10113/35158
DOI:
10.3146/AT07-005.1

26. Influence of Application Variables on Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Response to Prohexadione Calcium

Author:
Jordan, David L.; Nuti, Russell C.; Beam, Joshua B.; Lancaster, Sarah H.; Lanier, James E.; Johnson, P. Dewayne
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.1 pp. 96
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; field crops; plant growth substances; plant growth control; application rate; application timing; spraying; nozzles; pesticide mixtures
Abstract:
... Prohexadione calcium retards peanut vegetative vine growth, improves row visibility, and potentially reduces pod shed, thus increasing pod yield compared with non-treated peanut. Although prohexadione calcium has been registered for use in peanut for the past decade, practitioners continue to express a range of questions about use including banded application, compatibility with other agrichemcial ...
Handle:
10113/35328
DOI:
10.3146/PS08-016.1

27. Peanut Yield, Market Grade, and Economics with Two Surface Drip Lateral Spacings

Author:
Sorensen, R.B.; Lamb, M.C.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.1 pp. 85
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; field crops; microirrigation; crop yield; spatial variation; cultivars; pods; row spacing; food grades; profitability; irrigated farming; spatial distribution; cost analysis; slope; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Surface drip irrigation laterals were spaced next to crop rows and in alternate row middles to document crop yield, market grade and gross/partial economic returns compared with non-irrigated practices. A surface drip irrigation system was installed at two sites on a Faceville (Site 1) fine sandy loam and a Greenville (Site 2) fine sandy loam with 3 and 1% slope, respectively. The cultivar Georgia ...
Handle:
10113/35267
DOI:
10.3146/PS07-107.1

28. Penicillium parvulum and Penicillium georgiense, sp. nov., isolated from the conidial heads of Aspergillus species

Author:
Peterson, Stephen W.; Horn, Bruce W.
Source:
Mycologia 2009 v.101 no.1 pp. 71
ISSN:
0027-5514
Subject:
Penicillium; soil fungi; new species; molecular systematics; ribosomal DNA; sequence analysis; Aspergillus; conidia; peanuts; Arachis hypogaea; agricultural soils; Georgia
Abstract:
... new Penicillium species were isolated from peanut-field soils in Georgia. The species were noted particularly because they sporulated on the conidial heads of Aspergillus species. Phenotypic descriptions were prepared with standard media. LSU-rDNA sequences were determined for the new species and compared to existing homologous sequences from Penicillium species with parsimony analysis. The monove ...
Handle:
10113/27644
DOI:
10.3852/08-036
PubMed:
19274850

29. Strategies in Prevention of Preharvest Aflatoxin Contamination in Peanuts: Aflatoxin Biosynthesis, Genetics and Genomics

Author:
Guo, Baozhu; Yu, Jiujiang; Holbrook, C. Corley; Cleveland, Thomas E.; Nierman, William C.; Scully, Brian T.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.1 pp. 11
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; Aspergillus flavus; food contamination; aflatoxins; microbial contamination; disease prevention; plant genetic resources; plant breeding; disease resistance; biochemical pathways; microbial colonization; genetic resources; China
Abstract:
... Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), or groundnut, is an important crop economically and nutritionally in many tropical and subtropical areas of the world. It is also one of the most susceptible host crops to Aspergillus flavus resulting in aflatoxin contamination. The prevention or elimination of aflatoxin contamination in preharvest and postharvest crops is a serious challenge facing scientists. The re ...
Handle:
10113/35200
DOI:
10.3146/AT07-001.1

30. The Influence of Cultivar and Chlorimuron Application Timing on Spotted Wilt Disease and Peanut Yield

Author:
Prostko, E.P.; Kemerait, R.C.; Jost, P.H.; Johnson, W.C. III; Brown, S.N.; Webster, T.M.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.1 pp. 92
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; Tomato spotted wilt virus; plant diseases and disorders; cultivars; chlorimuron; application rate; application timing; disease incidence; field experimentation; crop yield; Georgia
Abstract:
... effects of chlorimuron application timing on the development of spotted wilt disease of peanut caused by tomato spotted wilt tospovirus was studied in fifteen field trials in Georgia from 2000 through 2007. Chlorimuron at 9 g ai/ha was applied to new peanut cultivars at various intervals ranging from 60 to 105 days after emergence (DAE) under weed-free conditions. When averaged over chlorimuron ap ...
Handle:
10113/35330
DOI:
10.3146/PS07-110.1

31. The U.S. Breeding Program to Develop Peanut with Drought Tolerance and Reduced Aflatoxin Contamination

Author:
Holbrook, C. Corley; Guo, B.Z.; Wilson, D.M.; Timper, P.
Source:
Peanut science 2009 v.36 no.1 pp. 50
ISSN:
0095-3679
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; field crops; plant breeding; water stress; drought; drought tolerance; aflatoxins; microbial contamination; food contamination; food safety; Aspergillus flavus; plant pathogenic fungi; disease resistance; genetic resistance; germplasm screening; Tomato spotted wilt virus; plant viruses; plant diseases and disorders; environmental factors; heterozygosity; crop yield; Meloidogyne arenaria; root-knot nematodes; United States
Abstract:
... Aflatoxin contamination costs the U.S. peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) industry over $20 million annually. The development of peanut cultivars with resistance to preharvest aflatoxin contamination (PAC) would reduce these costs. Screening techniques have been developed that can measure genetic differences in aflatoxin contamination and they have been used to identify accessions that exhibited relativ ...
Handle:
10113/35152
DOI:
10.3146/AT07-009.1

32. An analysis of synteny of Arachis with Lotus and Medicago sheds new light on the structure, stability and evolution of legume genomes

Author:
Bertioli, David J.; Moretzsohn, Marcio C.; Madsen, Lene H.; Sandal, Niels; Leal-Bertioli, Soraya C.M.; Guimaraes, Patricia M.; Hougaard, Birgit K.; Fredslund, Jakob; Schauser, Leif; Nielsen, Anna M.; Sato, Shusei; Tabata, Satoshi; Cannon, Steven B.; Stougaard, Jens
Source:
BMC genomics 2009 v.10 no.45
ISSN:
1471-2164
Subject:
Arachis; Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; Lotus; Medicago; Faboideae; legumes; genome; conserved sequences; retrotransposons; expressed sequence tags; linkage (genetics); chromosome mapping; genetic markers; transposons; disease resistance
Abstract:
... Background: Most agriculturally important legumes fall within two sub-clades of the Papilionoid legumes: the Phaseoloids and Galegoids, which diverged about 50 Mya. The Phaseoloids are mostly tropical and include crops such as common bean and soybean. The Galegoids are mostly temperate and include clover, fava bean and the model legumes Lotus and Medicago (both with substantially sequenced genomes ...
Handle:
10113/40314
DOI:
10.1186/1471-2164-10-45
PubMed:
19166586
PubMed Central:
PMC2656529

33. Plant Resistance to TSWV and Seed Accumulation of Resveratrol within Peanut Germplasm and its Wild Relatives in the US Collection

Author:
Wang, M.L.; Pinnow, D.L.; Barkley, N.A.; Pittman, R.N.
Source:
Plant pathology journal 2009 v.8 no.2 pp. 53
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; Tomato spotted wilt virus; plant diseases and disorders; disease resistance; genetic resistance; resveratrol; germplasm; plant genetic resources; wild relatives; seeds; leaves; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; high performance liquid chromatography
Abstract:
... Biotic and abiotic stress may induce peanut plants to produce a high amount of resveratrol. The relationship between an individual plant's response to biotic stress caused by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and the accumulation of resveratrol in the seed was investigated. Twenty peanut accessions and six wild relatives were selected from the US peanut germplasm collection and planted with two rep ...
Handle:
10113/36075
DOI:
10.3923/ppj.2009.53.61

34. The Role of veA in Aspergillus flavus Infection of Peanut, Corn and Cotton

Author:
Duran, R.M.; Cary, J.W.; Calvo, A.M.
Source:
Open mycology journal 2009 v.3 no.10 pp. 27
ISSN:
1874-4370
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; Gossypium hirsutum; cottonseed; Zea mays; corn; oilseed crops; plant pathogenic fungi; Aspergillus flavus; virulence; toxigenic strains; secondary metabolites; toxic substances; sclerotia; viability; genes; seed-borne diseases; wild relatives; airborne microorganisms; sporulation; conidia; bolls; food pathogens
Abstract:
... The aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus is a causal agent of preharvest contamination of food commodities such as oil seed crops worldwide. Peanut, corn and cottonseed are among the oil seeds that are susceptible to aflatoxin contamination during invasion of these crops by A. flavus. Contamination of agricultural commodities with aflatoxins can result in serious economic hardships to pro ...
Handle:
10113/43725
DOI:
10.2174/1874437000903010027

35. Utility of EST-derived SSR in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and Arachis wild species

Author:
Liang, Xuanqiang; Chen, Xiaoping; Hong, Yanbin; Liu, Haiyan; Zhou, Guiyuan; Li, Shaoxiong; Guo, Baozhu
Source:
BMC plant biology 2009 v.9 no.35
ISSN:
1471-2229
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; Arachis; peanuts; wild relatives; expressed sequence tags; microsatellite repeats; genetic markers; DNA primers; genetic polymorphism; genetic variation; genotype; alleles; sequence analysis; point mutation
Abstract:
... Background: Lack of sufficient molecular markers hinders current genetic research in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). It is necessary to develop more molecular markers for potential use in peanut genetic research. With the development of peanut EST projects, a vast amount of available EST sequence data has been generated. These data offered an opportunity to identify SSR in ESTs by data mining. Resu ...
Handle:
10113/40304
DOI:
10.1186/1471-2229-9-35
PubMed:
19309524
PubMed Central:
PMC2678122