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1. Plant encoded 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase activity implicated in different aspects of plant development

Author:
Plett, Jonathan M.; McDonnell, Lisa; Regan, Sharon
Source:
Plant signaling & behavior 2009 v.4 no.12 pp. 1186-1189
ISSN:
1559-2324
Subject:
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; Arabidopsis; Populus; Solanum lycopersicum; bacteria; biosynthesis; deamination; developmental stages; enzyme activity; ethylene; ethylene production; fruiting; plant growth; salt stress; tomatoes; wood
Abstract:
... Proper plant development is dependent on the coordination and tight control of a wide variety of different signals. In the study of the plant hormone ethylene, control of the immediate biosynthetic precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is of interest as the level of ethylene can either help or hinder plant growth during times of stress. It is known that ACC can be reversibly remove ...
DOI:
10.4161/psb.4.12.10060

2. Gibberellin and Jasmonate Crosstalk during Stamen Development

Author:
Peng, Jinrong
Source:
Journal of integrative plant biology 2009 v.51 no.12 pp. 1064-1070
ISSN:
1672-9072
Subject:
Arabidopsis; biosynthesis; essential genes; gene expression; gibberellins; jasmonic acid; plant hormones; stamens
Abstract:
... Gibberellin (GA) and jasmonate (JA) are two types of phytohormones that play important roles during stamen development. For example, Arabidopsis plants deficient in either of GA or JA develop short stamens. An apparent question to ask is whether GA action and JA action during stamen filament development are independent of each other or are in a hierarchy. Recent studies showed that GA modulates th ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1744-7909.2009.00881.x
PubMed:
20021553

3. Molecular cloning and characterization of a KCS gene from Cardamine graeca and its heterologous expression in Brassica oilseeds to engineer high nervonic acid oils for potential medical and industrial use

Author:
Taylor, David C.; Francis, Tammy; Guo, Yiming; Brost, Jennifer M.; Katavic, Vesna; Mietkiewska, Elzbieta; Michael Giblin, E.; Lozinsky, Sharla; Hoffman, Travis
Source:
Plant biotechnology journal 2009 v.7 no.9 pp. 925-938
ISSN:
1467-7644
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Brassica carinata; Cardamine; Lunaria; acyltransferases; animal and human health; biosynthesis; erucic acid; functional foods; gene expression; genes; heterologous gene expression; humans; industrial applications; molecular cloning; nervonic acid; oilseeds; oleic acid; polymerase chain reaction; seed oils; transgenic plants; yeasts
Abstract:
... Nervonic acid 24:1 Δ15 (cis-tetracos-15-enoic acid) is a very long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid and exists in nature as an elongation product of oleic acid. There is an increasing interest in production of high nervonic acid oils for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and industrial applications. Using a polymerase chain reaction approach, we have isolated a gene from Cardamine graeca L., which enc ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-7652.2009.00454.x
PubMed:
19843251

4. A redox-active isopropylmalate dehydrogenase functions in the biosynthesis of glucosinolates and leucine in Arabidopsis

Author:
He, Yan; Mawhinney, Thomas P.; Preuss, Mary L.; Schroeder, Amy C.; Chen, Bing; Abraham, Linda; Jez, Joseph M.; Chen, Sixue
Source:
Plant journal 2009 v.60 no.4 pp. 679-690
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; bacteria; biosynthesis; chloroplasts; decarboxylation; enzymes; gene expression regulation; genes; glucosinolates; leucine; methionine; mutants; mutation; phenotype; substrate specificity; tissues; yeasts
Abstract:
... We report a detailed functional characterization of an Arabidopsis isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (AtIPMDH1) that is involved in both glucosinolate biosynthesis and leucine biosynthesis. AtIPMDH1 shares high homology with enzymes from bacteria and yeast that are known to function in leucine biosynthesis. In plants, AtIPMDH1 is co-expressed with nearly all the genes known to be involved in aliphatic ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03990.x
PubMed:
19674406

5. Brassinosteroids interact negatively with jasmonates in the formation of anti-herbivory traits in tomato

Author:
Campos, Marcelo Lattarulo; de Almeida, Marcílio; Rossi, Mônica Lanzoni; Martinelli, Adriana Pinheiro; Litholdo Junior, Celso Gaspar; Figueira, Antonio; Rampelotti-Ferreira, Fátima Teresinha; Vendramim, José Djair; Benedito, Vagner Augusto; Pereira Peres, Lázaro Eustáquio
Source:
Journal of experimental botany 2009 v.60 no.15 pp. 4347-4361
ISSN:
0022-0957
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Spodoptera frugiperda; Tuta absoluta; auxins; biosynthesis; brassinosteroids; ethylene; genetic background; herbivores; hormones; insects; mutants; plant pests; proteinase inhibitors; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Given the susceptibility of tomato plants to pests, the aim of the present study was to understand how hormones are involved in the formation of tomato natural defences against insect herbivory. Tomato hormone mutants, previously introgressed into the same genetic background of reference, were screened for alterations in trichome densities and allelochemical content. Ethylene, gibberellin, and aux ...
DOI:
10.1093/jxb/erp270
PubMed:
19734261

6. Characterization of the first dominant dwarf maize mutant carrying a single amino acid insertion in the VHYNP domain of the dwarf8 gene

Author:
Cassani, Elena; Bertolini, Edoardo; Cerino Badone, Francesco; Landoni, Michela; Gavina, Dario; Sirizzotti, Alberto; Pilu, Roberto
Source:
Molecular breeding 2009 v.24 no.4 pp. 375-385
ISSN:
1380-3743
Subject:
Arabidopsis; biosynthesis; corn; genes; germplasm; gibberellic acid; lodging; mutants; mutation; phenotype; plant growth; proteins; rice; signal transduction; wheat
Abstract:
... The “green revolution” involving mainly wheat and rice was based on the use by breeders of semidominant mutations involved in the signal transduction pathway of Gibberellin (GA). In particular, mutations in the Reduced height (Rht) gene of wheat have been used to reduce plant height and consequently to avoid storm damage and lodging. These genes have been cloned and they encode for DELLA proteins ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11032-009-9298-3

7. Ectopic expression of MYB46 identifies transcriptional regulatory genes involved in secondary wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

Author:
Ko, Jae-Heung; Kim, Won-Chan; Han, Kyung-Hwan
Source:
The plant journal 2009 v.60 no.4 pp. 649-665
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; gene expression; regulator genes; transcription (genetics); transcription factors; transcriptional activation
Abstract:
... MYB46 functions as a transcriptional switch that turns on the genes necessary for secondary wall biosynthesis. Elucidating the transcriptional regulatory network immediately downstream of MYB46 is crucial to our understanding of the molecular and biochemical processes involved in the biosynthesis and deposition of secondary walls in plants. To gain insights into MYB46-mediated transcriptional regu ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03989.x
PubMed:
19674407

8. Functional characterization of the Arabidopsis bHLH92 transcription factor in abiotic stress

Author:
Jiang, Yuanqing; Yang, Bo; Deyholos, Michael K.
Source:
Molecular genetics and genomics 2009 v.282 no.5 pp. 503-516
ISSN:
1617-4615
Subject:
Arabidopsis; abscisic acid; biosynthesis; genes; mannitol; microarray technology; mutants; osmotic stress; root growth; roots; sodium chloride; stress tolerance; transcription factors
Abstract:
... In our previous microarray analysis of NaCl-treated Arabidopsis roots, we identified a basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, bHLH92 (At5g43650), as one of the transcripts showing the greatest fold-increase in abundance upon NaCl exposure. Here, we characterize the role of bHLH92 in the context of abiotic stress physiology and hormone responses. We observed that bHLH92 transcript abun ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00438-009-0481-3
PubMed:
19760256

9. Hormonal regulation of temperature-induced growth in Arabidopsis

Author:
Stavang, Jon A.; Gallego-Bartolomé, Javier; Gómez, María D.; Yoshida, Shigeo; Asami, Tadao; Olsen, Jorunn E.; García-Martínez, José L.; Alabadí, David; Blázquez, Miguel A.
Source:
Plant journal 2009 v.60 no.4 pp. 589-601
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; DNA microarrays; ambient temperature; auxins; biosynthesis; brassinosteroids; genes; gibberellins; growth promotion; hormonal regulation; hypocotyls; knockout mutants; signal transduction; transcription factors
Abstract:
... Successful plant survival depends upon the proper integration of information from the environment with endogenous cues to regulate growth and development. We have investigated the interplay between ambient temperature and hormone action during the regulation of hypocotyl elongation, and we have found that gibberellins (GAs) and auxin are quickly and independently recruited by temperature to modula ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03983.x
PubMed:
19686536

10. Molecular characterization, expression pattern, and function analysis of the OsBC1L family in rice

Author:
Dai, Xiaoxia; You, Changjun; Wang, Lei; Chen, Guoxing; Zhang, Qifa; Wu, Changyin
Source:
Plant molecular biology 2009 v.71 no.4-5 pp. 469-481
ISSN:
0167-4412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; biosynthesis; cell walls; knockout mutants; multigene family; phenotype; phylogeny; proteins; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; rice; sequence analysis; transcription (genetics); transfer DNA
Abstract:
... COBRA-like proteins play important roles in cell expansion and cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. In rice, a COBRA-like gene, BRITTLE CULM1 (BC1), has been identified as a regulator controlling the culm mechanical strength. Analysis of the rice genome indicated that BC1 belongs to an 11-member multigene family, termed the OsBC1L family in this study. Based on sequence comparisons and phylogene ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11103-009-9537-3
PubMed:
19688299

11. MYB83 Is a Direct Target of SND1 and Acts Redundantly with MYB46 in the Regulation of Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

Author:
McCarthy, Ryan L.; Zhong, Ruiqin; Ye, Zheng-Hua
Source:
Plant & cell physiology 2009 v.50 no.11 pp. 1950-1964
ISSN:
0032-0781
Subject:
Arabidopsis; RNA interference; biosynthesis; cell walls; cellulose; deformation; genes; knockout mutants; plant growth; transcription factors; transfer DNA; wood fibers
Abstract:
... It has been proposed that the transcriptional regulation of secondary wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis is controlled by a transcriptional network mediated by SND1 and its close homologs. Uncovering all the transcription factors and deciphering their interrelationships in the network are essential for our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation of biosynt ...
DOI:
10.1093/pcp/pcp139
PubMed:
19808805

12. Two Arabidopsis 3-ketoacyl CoA synthase genes, KCS20 and KCS2/DAISY, are functionally redundant in cuticular wax and root suberin biosynthesis, but differentially controlled by osmotic stress

Author:
Lee, Saet-Buyl; Jung, Su-Jin; Go, Young-Sam; Kim, Hyun-Uk; Kim, Jeong-Kook; Cho, Hong-Joo; Park, Ohkmae K.; Suh, Mi-Chung
Source:
Plant journal 2009 v.60 no.3 pp. 462-475
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; acyl coenzyme A; biosynthesis; crystals; endodermis; epicuticular wax; fruits; gene overexpression; genes; genetically modified organisms; growth retardation; leaves; mutants; osmotic stress; phenotype; roots; stems; suberin; very long chain fatty acids
Abstract:
... Very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are essential precursors of cuticular waxes and aliphatic suberins in roots. The first committed step in VLCFA biosynthesis is condensation of C₂ units to an acyl CoA by 3-ketoacyl CoA synthase (KCS). In this study, two KCS genes, KCS20 and KCS2/DAISY, that showed higher expression in stem epidermal peels than in stems were isolated. The relative expression of ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03973.x
PubMed:
19619160

13. Cutin deficiency in the tomato fruit cuticle consistently affects resistance to microbial infection and biomechanical properties, but not transpirational water loss

Author:
Isaacson, Tal; Kosma, Dylan K.; Matas, Antonio J.; Buda, Gregory J.; He, Yonghua; Yu, Bingwu; Pravitasari, Arika; Batteas, James D.; Stark, Ruth E.; Jenks, Matthew A.; Rose, Jocelyn K.C.
Source:
Plant journal 2009 v.60 no.2 pp. 363-377
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Solanum lycopersicum; biomechanics; biosynthesis; cutin; fruits; homeodomain proteins; hydrophilicity; loci; mutants; mutation; permeability; plant organs; tissues; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Plant cuticles are broadly composed of two major components: polymeric cutin and a mixture of waxes, which infiltrate the cutin matrix and also accumulate on the surface, forming an epicuticular layer. Although cuticles are thought to play a number of important physiological roles, with the most important being to restrict water loss from aerial plant organs, the relative contributions of cutin an ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03969.x
PubMed:
19594708

14. Elongator mediates ABA responses, oxidative stress resistance and anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

Author:
Zhou, Xiaofeng; Hua, Deping; Chen, Zhizhong; Zhou, Zhengjun; Gong, Zhizhong
Source:
Plant journal 2009 v.60 no.1 pp. 79-90
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; abscisic acid; anthocyanins; biosynthesis; gene expression; histones; hypersensitivity; leaves; molecular cloning; mutants; mutation; oxidative stress; paraquat; plant response; root growth; screening; stomatal movement; stress tolerance; transfer DNA; yeasts
Abstract:
... Elongator is a histone acetyl-transferase complex consisting of six subunits, and is highly conserved in eukaryotic organisms. Here, we isolated two novel mutants, elp2 and elp6, during a genetic screening for ABA-hypersensitive Arabidopsis mutants. Map-based cloning identified ELP2 and ELP6, which encode the orthologs of the yeast Elongator subunits, ELP2 and ELP6, respectively. Another Elongator ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03931.x
PubMed:
19500300

15. Enhancement of vitamin B₆ levels in seeds through metabolic engineering

Author:
Chen, Hao; Xiong, Liming
Source:
Plant biotechnology journal 2009 v.7 no.7 pp. 673-681
ISSN:
1467-7644
Subject:
Arabidopsis; animals; bacteria; biosynthesis; chemical reactions; diet; enzymes; fungi; gene overexpression; genes; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; metabolic engineering; promoter regions; pyridoxine; roots; seeds; shoots; transgenic plants
Abstract:
... As a versatile cofactor for many enzymes catalyzing important biochemical reactions, vitamin B₆ is required for all cellular organisms. In contrast to bacteria, fungi and plants, which have the ability to synthesize vitamin B₆de novo, animals have to take up the vitamin from their diet. Plants are the major source of vitamin B₆ for animals. The recent identification of vitamin B₆ biosynthetic enzy ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-7652.2009.00433.x

16. Molecular mechanism for jasmonate-induction of anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis

Author:
Shan, Xiaoyi; Zhang, Yongsheng; Peng, Wen; Wang, Zhilong; Xie, Daoxin
Source:
Journal of experimental botany 2009 v.60 no.13 pp. 3849-3860
ISSN:
0022-0957
Subject:
anthocyanins; transcription factors; Arabidopsis; biosynthesis; pigmentation; genes; ecological function
Abstract:
... Anthocyanins are important plant pigments that fulfil many physiological and ecological functions. Anthocyanin biosynthesis is controlled by numerous regulatory factors at the transcriptional level. Jasmonates (JAs) has been shown to induce anthocyanin accumulation in several plant species, however, the molecular mechanism for JA-regulated anthocyanin accumulation remains unknown. In this study, g ...
DOI:
10.1093/jxb/erp223
PubMed:
19596700

17. AtMKK1 and AtMPK6 are involved in abscisic acid and sugar signaling in Arabidopsis seed germination

Author:
Xing, Yu; Jia, Wensuo; Zhang, Jianhua
Source:
Plant molecular biology 2009 v.70 no.6 pp. 725-736
ISSN:
0167-4412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; abscisic acid; after-ripening; biosynthesis; gene expression regulation; glucose; mutants; seed germination; sugar acids
Abstract:
... Abscisic acid (ABA) and sugars have been well established to be crucial factors controlling seed germination of Arabidopsis. Here we demonstrate that AtMKK1 and AtMPK6 are both critical signals involved in ABA and sugar-regulated seed germination. Wild type plants depended on stratification and after-ripening for seed germination, whereas this dependence on either stratification or after-ripening ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11103-009-9503-0
PubMed:
19484493

18. Characterization of Glossy1-homologous genes in rice involved in leaf wax accumulation and drought resistance

Author:
Islam, Mohammad Asadul; Du, Hao; Ning, Jing; Ye, Haiyan; Xiong, Lizhong
Source:
Plant molecular biology 2009 v.70 no.4 pp. 443-456
ISSN:
0167-4412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; Oryza sativa; biosynthesis; chlorophyll; crystallization; drought tolerance; epicuticular wax; gene overexpression; genes; ground cover plants; leaves; mutants; rice; sequence analysis; stress tolerance; water stress; waxes
Abstract:
... The outermost surfaces of plants are covered with an epicuticular wax layer that provides a primary waterproof barrier and protection against different environmental stresses. Glossy 1 (GL1) is one of the reported genes controlling wax synthesis. This study analyzed GL1-homologous genes in Oryza sativa and characterized the key members of this family involved in wax synthesis and stress resistance ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11103-009-9483-0
PubMed:
19322663

19. Identification of a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase that is required for suppression of premature senescence in Arabidopsis

Author:
Raab, Sabine; Drechsel, Gabriele; Zarepour, Maryam; Hartung, Wolfram; Koshiba, Tomokazu; Bittner, Florian; Hoth, Stefan
Source:
Plant journal 2009 v.59 no.1 pp. 39-51
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; abscisic acid; alleles; biosynthesis; chlorophyll; leaves; light intensity; mutants; photosystem II; proteasome endopeptidase complex; proteins; ubiquitin-protein ligase; ubiquitination
Abstract:
... During leaf senescence, resources are recycled by redistribution to younger leaves and reproductive organs. Candidate pathways for the regulation of onset and progression of leaf senescence include ubiquitin-dependent turnover of key proteins. Here, we identified a novel plant U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase that prevents premature senescence in Arabidopsis plants, and named it SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED E3 ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03846.x
PubMed:
19309463

20. Identification of the Arabidopsis dry2/sqe1-5 mutant reveals a central role for sterols in drought tolerance and regulation of reactive oxygen species

Author:
Posé, David; Castanedo, Itziar; Borsani, Omar; Nieto, Benjamín; Rosado, Abel; Taconnat, Ludivine; Ferrer, Albert; Dolan, Liam; Valpuesta, Victoriano; Botella, Miguel A.
Source:
Plant journal 2009 v.59 no.1 pp. 63-76
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
Arabidopsis; NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming); NADP (coenzyme); biosynthesis; drought; drought tolerance; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; genes; hypersensitivity; mutants; point mutation; reactive oxygen species; root hairs; shoots; squalene; sterols; stomatal movement; triterpenoids; water stress
Abstract:
... Squalene epoxidase enzymes catalyse the conversion of squalene into 2,3-oxidosqualene, the precursor of cyclic triterpenoids. Here we report that the Arabidopsis drought hypersensitive/squalene epoxidase 1-5 (dry2/sqe1-5) mutant, identified by its extreme hypersensitivity to drought stress, has altered stomatal responses and root defects because of a point mutation in the SQUALENE EPOXIDASE 1 (SQE ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03849.x
PubMed:
19309460