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You searched for: Publication year rev 7992-2008 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7992-2008 Subject term acetates Remove constraint Subject term: acetates
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1. A highly sensitive spectrophotometric determination of micro amounts of vanadium(V) in environmental and alloy samples by using 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehydeisonicotinoylhydrazone (3,4-DHBINH)

Author:
S. Lakshmi Narayana; K. Janardhan Reddy; S. Adi Narayana Reddy; Y. Sarala; A. Varada Reddy
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2008 v.144 no.1-3 pp. 341-349
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
absorbance; absorption; acetates; alloys; anions; atomic absorption spectrometry; cations; detection limit; leaves; pH; sampling; soil water; spectral analysis; tobacco; vanadium; wavelengths
Abstract:
... 3, 4-Dihydroxybenzaldehydeisonicotinoylhydrazone was prepared, characterized with spectral analyses and used for developing a new method for the simple, sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric determination of vanadium(V) which gives maximum absorbance at wave length 360 nm. The metal ion gives a yellow colored complex with 3, 4-DHBINH in acetate buffer of pH 5.5 with 1:1 (metal:ligand) composition ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-007-9997-3

2. A new in vitro system to study the effect of liquid phase turnover and pH on microbial fermentation of concentrate diets for ruminants

Author:
Fondevila, M.; Pérez-Espés, B.
Source:
Animal feed science and technology 2008 v.144 no.3-4 pp. 196-211
ISSN:
0377-8401
Subject:
gas production (biological); in vitro digestion; liquids; feed concentrates; ruminants; ruminant nutrition; rumen microorganisms; rumen fermentation; propionates; acetates; butyrates; forage evaluation; inoculum; volatile fatty acids; batch systems
Abstract:
... A simple and inexpensive in vitro feed evaluation system which estimates microbial fermentation by measuring gas production and allows for adjustment of liquid dilution rate has been design. Working conditions, in terms of substrate and inoculum proportions (experiment 1, EXP 1) and the liquid replacement schedule (experiment 2, EXP 2) were initially set. In EXP 1, three substrate concentrations ( ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.10.013

3. A new irreversible enzyme-aided esterification method in organic solvents

Author:
Jeromin, Günter E.; Zoor, Annegreth
Source:
Biotechnology letters 2008 v.30 no.5 pp. 925-928
ISSN:
0141-5492
Subject:
Pseudozyma antarctica; acetates; carboxylic acids; esterification; solvents; triacylglycerol lipase
Abstract:
... A new irreversible esterification method for carboxylic acids catalyzed by a lipase from Candida antarctica (Novozyme 435) in organic solvents has been developed. The water produced during the process is chemically destroyed by a corresponding ester of acetoacetate, which acts as a sacrificial substrate in this reaction. The flavour esters isobutyl acetate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate and benz ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10529-007-9632-y
PubMed:
18196460

4. A pH-stabilizing role of voltage-gated proton channels in IgE-mediated activation of human basophils

Author:
Musset, Boris; Morgan, Deri; Cherny, Vladimir V.; MacGlashan, Donald W. Jr.; Thomas, Larry L.; Ríos, Eduardo; DeCoursey, Thomas E.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008 v.105 no.31 pp. 11020-11025
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming); acetates; acidification; allergens; bacteria; basophils; confocal microscopy; eosinophils; fluorescence; histamine; humans; immunoglobulin E; neutrophils; protein kinase C; zinc
Abstract:
... Eosinophils and other phagocytes use NADPH oxidase to kill bacteria. Proton channels in human eosinophils and neutrophils are thought to sustain NADPH oxidase activity, and their opening is greatly enhanced by a variety of NADPH oxidase activators, including phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). In nonphagocytic cells that lack NADPH oxidase, no clear effect of PMA on proton channels has been reported. ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0800886105
PubMed:
18664579
PubMed Central:
PMC2504794

5. A polarity-activation strategy for the high incorporation of 1-alkenes into functional copolymers via RAFT copolymerization

Author:
Ma, Jun; Cheng, Chong; Sun, Guorong; Wooley, Karen L.
Source:
Journal of polymer science 2008 v.46 no.11 pp. 3488-3498
ISSN:
0887-624X
Subject:
acetates; carbon; composite polymers; gel chromatography; maleic anhydrides; molecular weight; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; stable isotopes; styrene
Abstract:
... A new synthetic methodology for the preparation of copolymers having high incorporation of 1-alkene together with multifunctionalities has been developed by polarity-activated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization. This approach provides well-defined alternating poly(1-decene-alt-maleic anhydride), expanding the monomer types for living copolymerizations. Althoug ...
DOI:
10.1002/pola.22682

6. A preliminary in vitro assessment of GroBiotic-A, brewer's yeast and fructooligosaccharide as prebiotics for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus

Author:
Burr, G.; Hume, M.; Ricke, S.; Nisbet, D.; Gatlin, D. III
Source:
Journal of environmental science and health 2008 v.43 no.3 pp. 253-260
ISSN:
0360-1234
Subject:
fish culture; intestinal microorganisms; volatile fatty acids; acetates; gastrointestinal system; anaerobes; ribosomal DNA; polymerase chain reaction; Sciaenops ocellatus; conserved sequences; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; fructooligosaccharides; brewers yeast; prebiotics; in vitro studies; gel electrophoresis
Abstract:
... This study examined the effects of brewers yeast, fructooligosaccharide (FOS), and GroBiotic®-A, a mixture of partially autolyzed brewers yeast, dairy components and dried fermentation products, on the intestinal microbial community of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. Gastrointestinal (GI) tracts were aseptically removed from three sub-adult red drum previously maintained on a commercial diet and pl ...
Handle:
10113/16367
DOI:
10.1080/03601230701771438
PubMed:
18368546

7. A reversed-phase ion-interaction chromatographic method for in-vitro estimation of the percutaneous absorption of water-soluble UV filters

Author:
León, Z.; Balaguer, A.; Chisvert, A.; Salvador, A.; Herráez, M.; Díez, O.
Source:
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2008 v.391 no.3 pp. 859-866
ISSN:
1618-2642
Subject:
detection limit; acetates; UV filters; humans; absorption; sunscreens; chromatography; pH; sulfonic acids; wavelengths; temperature; screening; ethanol
Abstract:
... An analytical method based on ion-interaction chromatography with UV detection for simultaneous in-vitro estimation of the percutaneous absorption of the most used water-soluble UV filters in sunscreen cosmetics is proposed. These UV filters were phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, disodium phenyl dibenzimidazole tetrasulfonate, benzophenone-4, and terephthalylidene dicamphor sulfonic acid. The met ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00216-008-2013-0

8. A study on the relationship between the volatile composition of Moscato and Prosecco Grappa and enzymatic activities involved in its production

Author:
Zocca, Federico; Lomolino, Giovanna; Spettoli, Paolo; Lante, Anna
Source:
Journal of the Institute of Brewing 2008 v.114 no.3 pp. 262-269
ISSN:
0046-9750
Subject:
terpenoids; acetates; gas chromatography; methanol; alcoholic fermentation; grape pomace; distilled spirits; volatile organic compounds; pectinesterase; lactates; food composition; enzyme activity; beta-glucosidase; Italy

9. Accelerated weathering behavior of poly(phenylene ether)-based TPE

Author:
Samik Gupta; Tapan Chandra; Arun Sikder; Ashok Menon; Anil K. Bhowmick
Source:
Journal of materials science 2008 v.43 no.9 pp. 3338-3350
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
acetates; atomic force microscopy; carbon dioxide; glass; mechanical properties; photooxidation; soot; surface roughness; thermoplastics; titanium dioxide; weathering
Abstract:
... In this report accelerated weathering characteristics of a novel poly(phenylene ether) (PPE)-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), i.e. a blend of styrene–ethylene–butylenes–styrene (SEBS)/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and PPE-polystyrene (PS), were studied in detail. Exterior and interior accelerated weathering protocols were followed during photooxidative weathering to simulate outdoor and indoor ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-008-2484-6

10. Acetate yield increased by gas circulation and fed-batch fermentation in a novel syntrophic acetogenesis and homoacetogenesis coupling system

Author:
Nie, YanQiu; Liu, He; Du, GuoCheng; Chen, Jian
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.8 pp. 2989-2995
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
acetates; fermentation; gases; hydrogen production; mass transfer; mixed culture
Abstract:
... Gas circulation and fed-batch fermentation were applied for enhancing acetate production by mixed culture in a novel syntrophic acetogenesis and homoacetogenesis coupling system. The results show that the acetate yield in the fed-batch test with gas circulation is about 47% higher than that in the batch test without gas circulation. The fed-batch method helps to increase acetate yield by balancing ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.018
PubMed:
17681788

11. Acetogenic anthraquinones: biosynthetic convergence and chemical evidence of enzymatic cooperation in nature

Author:
Bringmann, Gerhard; Irmer, Andreas
Source:
Phytochemistry reviews 2008 v.7 no.3 pp. 499-511
ISSN:
1568-7767
Subject:
acetates; anthraquinones; biosynthesis; decarboxylation; evolution; fungi; insects; polyketide synthases
Abstract:
... Phenylanthraquinones belong to the quite rare class of fully unsymmetric biaryls, consisting of two different molecular portions, an anthraquinone part, chrysophanol, and a phenyl part, 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxyacetophenone, linked together by phenol-oxidative coupling. The biosynthesis of these two moieties, from eight and four acetate units, respectively, bears some unique features: Chrysophanol i ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11101-008-9090-8

12. Activation and functionalization of benzylic derivatives by palladium catalysts

Author:
Benoît Liégault; Jean-Luc Renaud; Christian Bruneau
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2008 v.37 no.2 pp. 290-299
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
acetates; carbonates; catalysts; catalytic activity; halides; organic halogen compounds; palladium; phosphonates
Abstract:
... Palladium-catalyzed transformations of aryl halides and pseudo-halides involving carbonylation, carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond-forming reactions, etc. are very well documented, and have already been reviewed several times. The metal-catalyzed activation of benzylic derivatives is much less described. However, during the last decades, a number of papers have shown the interest offered by ...
DOI:
10.1039/b704255h

13. Alkannin/shikonin mixture from roots of Onosma echioides (L.) L.: Extraction method study and quantification

Author:
Sagratini, Gianni; Cristalli, Gloria; Giardinà, Dario; Gioventù, Giorgio; Maggi, Filippo; Ricciutelli, Massimo; Vittori, Sauro
Source:
Journal of separation science 2008 v.31 no.6-7 pp. 945-952
ISSN:
1615-9306
Subject:
acetates; chloroform; hexane; ionization; maceration; methanol; petroleum; roots; solvents
Abstract:
... This work reports the extraction procedures of alkannin/shikonin mixture from roots of six populations of Onosma echioides, by means of three extraction techniques: Soxhlet extraction, maceration and rapid solid-liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE). Five solvents with different polarity (hexane, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol) were also studied. Analysis of the extracts was perf ...
DOI:
10.1002/jssc.200700408
PubMed:
18327849

14. Altered expression of the chloroplast ATP synthase through site-directed mutagenesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Author:
Johnson, Eric A.
Source:
Photosynthesis research 2008 v.96 no.2 pp. 153-162
ISSN:
0166-8595
Subject:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; H-transporting ATP synthase; acetates; adenosine triphosphate; amino acids; genes; hydrolysis; mutants; peptides; photoinhibition; physiological response; protons; site-directed mutagenesis; thylakoids
Abstract:
... The chloroplast ATP synthase gates the flow of protons out of the thylakoid lumen. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii deletion of any of the genes for the ATP synthase subunits, or misfolding of the peptides results in photosynthetic membranes devoid of the enzyme (Lemaire and Wollman, J Biol Chem 264:675-685, 1989). This work examines the physiologic response of an algal strain in which the epsilon sub ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11120-008-9296-z
PubMed:
18365763

15. Amino acid copolymer-specific IL-10-secreting regulatory T cells that ameliorate autoimmune diseases in mice

Author:
Stern, Joel N.H.; Keskin, Derin B.; Zhang, Hong; Lv, HuiJuan; Kato, Zenichiro; Strominger, Jack L.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008 v.105 no.13 pp. 5172-5176
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
T-lymphocytes; acetates; amino acids; autoantigens; autoimmune diseases; autoimmunity; cattle; composite polymers; encephalitis; interferon-gamma; interleukin-10; interleukin-13; interleukin-17; interleukin-4; interleukin-6; lymph nodes; mice; myelin sheath; nerve tissue; phenotype; spleen; transforming growth factor beta; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... IL-10-secreting regulatory T cell lines specific to glatiramer acetate [poly(Y,E,A,K)n] or poly(Y,F,A,K)n have been established from the enlarged spleen and lymph nodes that result from copolymer treatment of SJL mice in which experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was induced by PLP139-151. These CD4+CD25+T cell lines secrete high levels of IL-10 and IL-13 but only small amounts of IL-4 and vi ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0712131105
PubMed:
18362339
PubMed Central:
PMC2278190

16. An Unexpected Mixture of Substances in the Defensive Secretions of the Tubuliferan Thrips, Callococcithrips fuscipennis (Moulton)

Author:
Tschuch, Gunther; Lindemann, Peter; Moritz, Gerald
Source:
Journal of chemical ecology 2008 v.34 no.6 pp. 742-747
ISSN:
0098-0331
Subject:
chemical composition; Eriococcidae; acetates; monoterpenoids; scale insects; iridoids; alkanes; Phlaeothripidae; defensive secretions
Abstract:
... Adults and larvae of the thrips Callococcithrips fuscipennis (Moulton) (Thysanoptera: Tubulifera: Phlaeothripidae) live in the sticky wax masses of adult females of the felt scale insect Callococcus acaciae (Maskell) (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae). The scale is sessile and feeds on Kunzea shrubs (Myrtales: Myrtaceae). If stressed, the thrips produce droplets of secretions. The mixture c ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10886-008-9494-3
PubMed:
18506530

17. An electricity-generating prosthecate bacterium strain Mfc52 isolated from a microbial fuel cell

Author:
Kodama, Yumiko; Watanabe, Kazuya
Source:
FEMS microbiology letters 2008 v.288 no.1 pp. 55-61
ISSN:
0378-1097
Subject:
acetates; alpha-Proteobacteria; appendages; bacteria; biofilm; cellulose; electricity; electrodes; glucose; graphene; metabolites; microbial fuel cells; organic acids and salts; phylogeny
Abstract:
... Rod-shaped Alphaproteobacteria possessing long prosthecae-like appendages have been detected abundantly in biofilms attaching onto anode graphite of cellulose-fed microbial fuel cells (MFCs). To identify their ecological roles, the present study isolated a corresponding bacterium (strain Mfc52) by direct plating of a biofilm suspension onto a solid medium containing glucose and ferric ion. Phyloge ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01326.x
PubMed:
18793200

18. An integrated biodesulfurization process, including inoculum preparation, desulfurization and sulfate removal in a single step, for removing sulfur from oils

Author:
Tangaromsuk, Jantana; Borole, Abhijeet P.; Kruatrachue, Maleeya; Pokethitiyook, Prayad
Source:
Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 2008 v.83 no.10 pp. 1375-1380
ISSN:
0268-2575
Subject:
Rhodococcus erythropolis; absorbance; acetates; biocatalysts; bioprocessing; enzymes; fermentation; microbial growth; oils; sulfur
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: A single-stage reactor, in which the growth of bacterial culture, induction of desulfurizing enzymes, and desulfurization reaction are carried out in a single step, was adopted to investigate desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) at high cell densities. Rhodococcus erythropolis, IGTS8 was used as the biocatalyst. Optimal conditions for bacterial growth and DBT desulfurization were ...
DOI:
10.1002/jctb.1949

19. Anaerobic Degradation of Phenanthrene and Pyrene in Mangrove Sediment

Author:
Chang, Bea-Ven; Chang, I. T.; Yuan, S. Y.
Source:
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 2008 v.80 no.2 pp. 145-149
ISSN:
0007-4861
Subject:
sediments; Clostridium pascui; acetates; pyruvic acid; phenanthrenes; heavy metals; iron; cellulose; sodium chloride
Abstract:
... This study investigated the anaerobic degradation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) phenanthrene and pyrene in mangrove sediment from Taiwan. The anaerobic degradation of PAH was enhanced by the addition of acetate, lactate, pyruvate, sodium chloride, cellulose, or zero-valent iron. However, it was inhibited by the addition of humic acid, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), nonylpheno ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00128-007-9333-1
PubMed:
18188486

20. Anaerobic organic acid production of food waste in once-a-day feeding and drawing-off bioreactor

Author:
Lim, Seong-Jin; Kim, Byoung Jin; Jeong, Chang-Moon; Choi, Jin-dal-rae; Ahn, Yeong Hee; Chang, Ho Nam
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.16 pp. 7866-7874
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
butyrates; acetates; volatile fatty acids; fatty acid composition; nitrogen; pH; food production; phosphates; chemical oxygen demand; organic production; food waste; phosphorus
Abstract:
... Acidogenesis of food waste was studied in a 2-L reactor with semi-continuous mode operation (once-a-day feeding and draw-off) for maximum 65 days to examine optimal volatile acid compositions for biological nitrogen removal (BNR) and enhanced biological phosphorus removal (ENPR). Various operational parameters of hydraulic retention time (HRT), organic loading rate (ORL), pH and temperature were i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.028
PubMed:
18502638

21. Anti-inflammation activities of essential oil and its constituents from indigenous cinnamon (Cinnamomum osmophloeum) twigs

Author:
Tung, Yu-Tang; Chua, Meng-Thong; Wang, Sheng-Yang; Chang, Shang-Tzen
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.9 pp. 3908-3913
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Cinnamomum; acetates; anti-inflammatory activity; chemical composition; cinnamon; essential oils; eugenol; lipopolysaccharides; macrophages; nitric oxide; prostaglandins
Abstract:
... In this study, chemical compositions of hydrodistilled essential oil and anti-inflammatory activities from the twigs of Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh. were investigated for the first time. The chemical constituents of the twig essential oil were further analyzed by GC-MS and they were found to be l-bornyl acetate (15.89%), caryophyllene oxide (12.98%), γ-eudesmol (8.03%), β-caryophyllene (6.60%), T ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2007.07.050
PubMed:
17826984

22. Antibacterial activity of three South Indian seagrasses, Cymodocea serrulata, Halophila ovalis and Zostera capensis

Author:
Kumar, Chinnadurai Sreenath; Sarada, Dronamraju V. L.; Gideon, Thomas Paul; Rengasamy, Ramasamy
Source:
World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2008 v.24 no.9 pp. 1989-1992
ISSN:
0959-3993
Subject:
Staphylococcus aureus; antibacterial properties; acetates; Micrococcus luteus; methanol; Salmonella Typhimurium; Zostera; seagrasses; solvents; Bacillus cereus; Halophila; chloroform; pathogens; Escherichia coli
Abstract:
... The antibacterial properties of the three seagrasses namely Cymodocea serrulata, Halophila ovalis and Zostera capensis were tested against the human pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella paratyphi, Salmonella typhimurium and Micrococcus luteus, using six different solvents namely, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol an ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11274-008-9695-5

23. Antifeedant and larvicidal effects of plant extracts against Spodoptera litura (F.), Aedes aegypti L. and Culex quinquefasciatus Say

Author:
Kamaraj, C.; Rahuman, A. Abdul; Bagavan, A.
Source:
Parasitology research 2008 v.103 no.2 pp. 325-331
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Aedes aegypti; Culex quinquefasciatus; Ocimum americanum; Ocimum tenuiflorum; Spodoptera litura; acetates; acetone; antifeedants; botanical insecticides; chloroform; hexane; instars; larvae; leaf extracts; lethal concentration 50; medicinal plants; methanol; mortality; pests; screening; vector control; India
Abstract:
... A screening for larvicidal activity of plant extracts with some known medicinal attributes could lead to the discovery of new agents for pest and vector control. In the backdrop of recent revival of interest in developing plant-based insecticides, the present study was carried out to evaluate the larvicidal properties in three medicinal plants growing abundantly in the region of Chitheri Hills, Dh ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-008-0974-8

24. Antifouling activity of sessile bacilli derived from marine surfaces

Author:
Ortega-Morales, Benjamín Otto; Chan-Bacab, Manuel Jesús; Miranda-Tello, Elizabeth; Fardeau, Marie-Laure; Carrero, Julio César; Stein, Torsten
Source:
Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology 2008 v.35 no.1 pp. 9-15
ISSN:
1367-5435
Subject:
Artemia salina; Bacillus firmus; Bacillus mojavensis; Halomonas marina; acetates; antifouling agents; antimicrobial properties; bacteria; biofilm; culture media; desorption; ethanol; industry; mass spectrometry; microbial biomass; ribosomal DNA; surfactin
Abstract:
... Marine biofilms are a virtually untapped source of bioactive molecules that may find application as novel antifoulants in the marine paint industry. This study aimed at determining the potential of marine biofilm bacteria to produce novel biomolecules with potential application as natural antifoulants. Nine representative strains were isolated from a range of surfaces and were grown in YEB medium ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10295-007-0260-2
PubMed:
17909869

25. Antifungal substances produced by Penicillium oxalicum strain PY-1--potential antibiotics against plant pathogenic fungi

Author:
Yang, Liping; Xie, Jiatao; Jiang, Daohong; Fu, Yanping; Li, Guoqing; Lin, Fangcan
Source:
World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2008 v.24 no.7 pp. 909-915
ISSN:
0959-3993
Subject:
Brassica napus var. napus; Penicillium oxalicum; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; acetates; active ingredients; antibiotics; antifungal properties; biological control; carbendazim; high performance liquid chromatography; internal transcribed spacers; plant pathogenic fungi; soil; spores; stem rot
Abstract:
... This paper reports the isolation from soil of Penicillium strain PY-1 with strong antagonistic activity against plant pathogenic fungi. On the basis of its morphological characteristics and the sequence of the ITS region, strain PY-1 was identified as P. oxalicum. Strain PY-1 produces antifungal substances that suppress the mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and many other plant pathogeni ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11274-007-9626-x

26. Antiinflammatory activity of Lindera erythrocarpa fruits

Author:
Wang, Sheng-Yang; Lan, Xing-Yu; Xiao, Jun-Hong; Yang, Jeng-Chung; Kao, Yi-Ting; Chang, Shang-Tzen
Source:
Phytotherapy research 2008 v.22 no.2 pp. 213-216
ISSN:
0951-418X
Subject:
Lindera; acetates; anti-inflammatory activity; anti-inflammatory agents; ears; edema; ethanol; fractionation; fruits; lipopolysaccharides; mice; nitric oxide; protein synthesis
Abstract:
... In this study, in vitro and in vivo antiinflammatory activities of fruits from Lindera erythrocarpa Makino were evaluated. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction derived from the ethanol extract of L. erythrocarpa fruits inhibited significantly nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced NO in the murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7) assay, the EC₅₀ being 16.35 μg/mL. Four compo ...
DOI:
10.1002/ptr.2289
PubMed:
17726736

27. Antimicrobial action of N-(n-dodecyl)diethanolamine on Escherichia coli: effects on enzymes and growing cultures

Author:
Smith, A.R.W.; Lambert, P.A.
Source:
Journal of applied microbiology 2008 v.105 no.6 pp. 2161-2168
ISSN:
1364-5072
Subject:
Escherichia coli; NAD (coenzyme); acetates; cell membranes; daptomycin; enzyme activity; formates; gametolysin; glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; oxidation; oxygen; oxygen consumption; penicillins; protein denaturation; pyruvic acid; succinic acid; turbidity
Abstract:
... This study investigates the effects of N-(n-dodecyl)diethanolamine (DDA) on enzymes and growing cells of Escherichia coli NCIMB 8277. Enzyme activities in the presence of DDA were determined by measuring substrate-dependent oxygen consumption by whole cells, or of NADH formation or oxidation by cell extracts. Lysis of growing cells was followed by measuring changes in turbidity and cell count. DDA ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03963.x
PubMed:
19120661

28. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of Evax pygmaea (Asteraceae) growing wild in Tunisia

Author:
Boussaada, Olfa; Chriaa, Jihène; Nabli, Rym; Ammar, Samia; Saidana, Dhouha; Mahjoub, Mohamed Ali; Chraeif, Imed; Helal, Ahmed Noureddine; Mighri, Zine
Source:
World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2008 v.24 no.8 pp. 1289-1296
ISSN:
0959-3993
Subject:
Asteraceae; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; acetates; aerial parts; antibacterial properties; antifungal properties; antioxidant activity; biopreservatives; free radicals; inhibitory concentration 50; methanol; pharmaceutical industry; plant pathogenic fungi; Tunisia
Abstract:
... Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Evax pygmaea was tested against five bacteria and two strains of phytopathogenic fungi using the agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Antioxidant properties were evaluated through the ability of the different fractions to scavenge the stable ABTS (2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and D ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11274-007-9600-7

29. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiviral activities of Retama raetam (Forssk.) Webb flowers growing in Tunisia

Author:
Edziri Hayet; Mastouri Maha; Ammar Samia; Matieu Mata; Patrich Gros; Hiar Raida; Mahjoub Mohamed Ali; Ali Si Mohamed; Laurent Gutmann; Zine Mighri; Aouni Mahjoub
Source:
World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2008 v.24 no.12 pp. 2933-2940
ISSN:
0959-3993
Subject:
polyphenols; foods; acetates; cytopathogenicity; flavonoids; chloroform; inhibitory concentration 50; biopreservatives; Retama raetam; ammonium thiocyanate; viruses; ingredients; butanol; Human betaherpesvirus 5; antifungal properties; Gram-negative bacteria; amoxicillin; oxacillin; tannins; antioxidant activity; pharmaceutical industry; antibacterial properties; ticarcillin; antiviral properties; methanol; flowers; Tunisia
Abstract:
... Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiviral activities of flower extracts of Retama raetam Forssk. Webb (Fabaceae) were screened both from standard and isolated Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by solid medium technique. Oxacillin, Amoxicillin, Ticarcillin, Cefotaxim, and Amphotericin were used as the control agents. The antiviral activity was evaluated against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) s ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11274-008-9835-y

30. Antioxidant Activity and Chemical Characterization of Essential Oil of Bunium persicum

Author:
Shahsavari, Neda; Barzegar, Mohsen; Sahari, Mohammad Ali; Naghdibadi, Hasanali
Source:
Plant foods for human nutrition 2008 v.63 no.4 pp. 183-188
ISSN:
0921-9668
Subject:
Bunium persicum; acetates; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; beta-carotene; bleaching; butylated hydroxyanisole; butylated hydroxytoluene; chemical composition; essential oils; food additives; gamma-terpinene; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; medicinal plants; monitoring; oilseeds; oxidation; screening; soybean oil; temperature; thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances; Iran
Abstract:
... The search for natural antioxidants, especially of plant origin, has notably increased in recent years. Bunium persicum Boiss. is an economically important medicinal plant growing wild in the dry temperature regions in Iran. In this study, chemical constituents of the essential oil of the seed from Bunium persicum Boiss. have been studied by GC/MS technique. The major components were caryophyllene ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11130-008-0091-y
PubMed:
18810640

31. Antioxidant activities of ethanolic extracts from the twigs of Cinnamomum osmophloeum

Author:
Chua, Meng-Thong; Tung, Yu-Tang; Chang, Shang-Tzen
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.6 pp. 1918-1925
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Cinnamomum; acetates; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; brain; chelates; indigenous species; lipid peroxidation; metals; mice; Taiwan
Abstract:
... Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh. is an indigenous tree species in Taiwan. In this study, phytochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities of ethanolic extracts from the twigs of C. osmophloeum were investigated for the first time. The extracts were obtained successively using liquid-liquid partition to yield n-hexane (Hex), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (BuOH) and water fractions. The anti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2007.03.020
PubMed:
17478090

32. Antioxidant activity of fractions from acid hydrolysates of almond shells

Author:
MOURE, ANDRÉS; DOMÍNGUEZ, HERMINIA; PARAJÓ, JUAN CARLOS
Source:
Journal of food process engineering 2008 v.31 no.6 pp. 817-832
ISSN:
0145-8876
Subject:
acetates; sugar products; economics; carbon; gels; emulsions; xylose; sulfuric acid; cellulose; oxidation; almonds; acid hydrolysis; depolymerization; byproducts; fish oils; biotransformation; antioxidant activity; hydrolysates; fractionation; free radical scavengers; streams; phenolic compounds
Abstract:
... Acid hydrolysis of almond shells was carried out with 2.5 and 5% sulfuric acid, and the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of hydrolysates (EASH) was fractionated on a Sephadex LH-20 (Amersham Biosciences, Uppsala, Sweden) column. Three fractions were recovered from the crude extract produced by hydrolysis with 2.5% sulfuric acid (EASH-2.5), and five from the one produced with 5% sulfuric acid (EASH-5 ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-4530.2007.00192.x

33. Antioxidant activity of liquors from steam explosion of Olea europea wood

Author:
Castro, Eulogio; Conde, Enma; Moure, Andrés; Falqué, Elena; Cara, Cristóbal; Ruiz, Encarnación; Domínguez, Herminia
Source:
Wood science and technology 2008 v.42 no.7 pp. 579-592
ISSN:
0043-7719
Subject:
Olea; acetates; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; ascorbic acid; butylated hydroxyanisole; emulsions; gallic acid; oxidation; temperature; wood
Abstract:
... The liquors from steam explosion of Olea europea wood carried out at temperatures in the range of 190-240°C were analysed for phenolic content, radical scavenging capacity and reducing power. Increased ethyl acetate solubles (EAS) and phenolics [as Gallic Acid Equivalents, (GAE)] extraction yield with increasing temperature were observed. At the higher temperature tested, up to 2.3 g EAS/100 g dry ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00226-007-0169-y

34. Antioxidant activity of the phenol rich fractions of leaves of Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss

Author:
Kaur, Rajbir; Arora, Saroj; Singh, Bikram
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.16 pp. 7692-7698
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
DNA; acetates; antioxidant activity; chloroform; free radical scavengers; leaf extracts; leaves; methanol; phenol
Abstract:
... The present study was designed to explore the antioxidant potential of chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water fractions of 80% methanol extract of leaves Chukrasia tabularis by 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), deoxyribose degradation (non-site specific and site specific), reducing power and DNA nicking assays. The different fractions showed significant activities in all the free radi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.070
PubMed:
18353635

35. Antioxidant properties of methanol extract and its solvent fractions obtained from selected Indian red seaweeds

Author:
Ganesan, P.; Kumar, Chandini S.; Bhaskar, N.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.8 pp. 2717-2723
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Acanthophora; Gracilaria; Kappaphycus; acetates; antioxidant activity; ascorbic acid; butanol; ethers; free radical scavengers; gallic acid; hydroxyl radicals; macroalgae; methanol; methylene chloride; petroleum; phenol
Abstract:
... In vitro antioxidant activities of three selected Indian red seaweeds - viz., Euchema kappaphycus, Gracilaria edulis and Acanthophora spicifera were evaluated. Total phenolic content and reducing power of crude methanol extract were determined. The antioxidant activities of total methanol extract and five different solvent fractions (viz., petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA), dichloromethane ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2007.07.005
PubMed:
17706415

36. Antioxidative Activity and Active Components of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) Flower Extracts

Author:
Hsieh, Meng-Chieh; Shen, Yi-Jane; Kuo, Yueh-Hsiung; Hwang, Lucy Sun
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2008 v.56 no.16 pp. 7010-7016
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
epicatechin; chemical composition; acetates; Dimocarpus longan; proanthocyanidins; methanol; extraction; plant extracts; flowers; solvents; hexane; chemical constituents of plants; antioxidant activity
Abstract:
... Three different solvent extracts (methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane) of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) flowers were assayed with three different antioxidant capacity methods, namely, the DPPH free radical scavenging effect, the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, and the inhibition of Cu2+-induced oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL). It was revealed that the methano ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf801155j
PubMed:
18662011

37. Application of acetate derivatives for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: Novel approaches on carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids analysis

Author:
Sassaki, Guilherme L.; Souza, Lauro M.; Serrato, Rodrigo V.; Cipriani, Thales R.; Gorin, Philip A.J.; Iacomini, Marcello
Source:
Journal of chromatography 2008 v.1208 no.1-2 pp. 215-222
ISSN:
0021-9673
Subject:
derivatization; acetates; ions; glycoconjugates; lipids; amino acids; acetylation; uronic acids; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Abstract:
... The structure of glycoconjugates has been determined by several chromatographic methods, however gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been widely used to identify and quantify the volatile trimethylsilyl and fluoroacyl derivatives. Adapting the reduction/acetylation strategies, we had performed the derivatization of all monosaccharide class, as well as amino acids and OH-fatty acids as ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.083

38. Application of an in situ plated lead film electrode to the analysis of testosterone by adsorptive stripping voltammetry

Author:
Tyszczuk, Katarzyna
Source:
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2008 v.390 no.7 pp. 1951-1956
ISSN:
1618-2642
Subject:
acetates; detection limit; drugs; electrodes; humans; lead; organic matter; pH; testosterone; urine
Abstract:
... Adsorptive stripping voltammetry is a very sensitive and selective method for determination of drugs and organic substances in biological fluids. We have shown that determination of testosterone by adsorptive stripping voltammetry is possible using a lead film electrode. The lead film plating process and accumulation of testosterone were performed simultaneously from an acetate buffer solution of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00216-008-1928-9
PubMed:
18297274

39. Application of organic acid salts and high-pressure treatments to improve the preservation of blood sausage

Author:
Diez, A.M.; Santos, E.M.; Jaime, I.; Rovira, J.
Source:
Food microbiology 2008 v.25 no.1 pp. 154-161
ISSN:
0740-0020
Subject:
food spoilage; acetates; shelf life; food packaging; lactates; traditional foods; protective effect; bacterial contamination; food storage; vacuum packaging; microbiological quality; food preservation; refrigeration; high pressure treatment; food preservatives; sensory properties; lactic acid bacteria; sausages; Spain
Abstract:
... Blood sausages are traditional products in many parts of the world. In most cases, a very short shelf-life limits their consumption to the areas in which they are produced. In this work, different mild preservation methods were applied to Morcilla de Burgos, a Spanish blood sausage, consisting of a range of organic acid salts (OAS) and high-pressure processing (HPP), with the aim of increasing its ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fm.2007.06.004
PubMed:
17993389

40. Archaea diversity within a commercial biogas plant utilizing herbal biomass determined by 16S rDNA and mcrA analysis

Author:
Nettmann, E.; Bergmann, I.; Mundt, K.; Linke, B.; Klocke, M.
Source:
Journal of applied microbiology 2008 v.105 no.6 pp. 1835-1850
ISSN:
1364-5072
Subject:
DNA primers; Methanobacteriales; Methanomicrobiales; Methanosarcinales; acetates; biogas; biomass; carbon dioxide; cattle; clones; corn silage; fermentation; genes; hydrogen; liquid manure; methane production; methanogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; restriction fragment length polymorphism; ribosomal DNA; ribosomal RNA
Abstract:
... The Archaea diversity was evaluated in an agricultural biogas plant supplied with cattle liquid manure and maize silage under mesophilic conditions. Two different genes (16S rRNA; methyl-coenzyme-M-reductase, MCR) targeted by three different PCR primer sets were selected and used for the construction of three clone libraries comprising between 104 and 118 clones. The clone libraries were analysed ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03949.x
PubMed:
19120632

41. Aroma compounds as markers of wine quality in the case of Malvazija Istarska young wine

Author:
Lukic, Igor; Plavsa, Tomislav; Sladonja, Barbara; Radeka, Sanja; Persuric, Dordano
Source:
Journal of food quality 2008 v.31 no.6 pp. 717-735
ISSN:
0146-9428
Subject:
acetates; consumer acceptance; decanoic acid; discriminant analysis; gas chromatography; hexanoic acid; isoamyl alcohol; linear models; octanoic acid; odor compounds; odors; principal component analysis; sensory evaluation; wine quality; wines
Abstract:
... In order to investigate the relationship between sensory and gas chromatographic analysis data, and to establish if particular aroma compounds could be used as Malvazija istarska young wine quality markers, 30 samples of Malvazija istarska young wine were subjected to sensory evaluation and gas chromatographic analysis of aroma compounds. Linear regression and principal component analysis were app ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1745-4557.2008.00230.x

42. Aroma-active compounds of Elsholtzia splendens using AEDA and HS-SPME-GC-O dilution analysis

Author:
Choi, Hyang S.; Min, Kyung C.
Source:
Flavour and fragrance journal 2008 v.23 no.1 pp. 58-64
ISSN:
0882-5734
Subject:
Elsholtzia splendens; acetates; alpha-pinene; aromatic compounds; carvone; essential oils; flavor; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; geraniol; headspace analysis; nerol; odors; oils; sensory evaluation; solid phase microextraction
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to determine the composition of essential oil and headspace from Elsholtzia splendens, and to determine the aroma-active compounds of this aromatic plant. Eighty-five components were identified in the oil by GC and GC-MS. The major compounds were naginata ketone (70.43%) and elsholtzia ketone (4.95%). Sixty-eight volatile flavour constituents were detected in the headspace ...
DOI:
10.1002/ffj.1856

43. Behavioural and electrophysiological responses of Pantomorus cervinus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to host plant volatiles

Author:
Wee, Suk-Ling; El-Sayed, Ashraf M.; Gibb, Andrew R.; Mitchell, Vanessa; Suckling, David M.
Source:
Australian journal of entomology 2008 v.47 no.1 pp. 24-31
ISSN:
1326-6756
Subject:
Citrus; Pantomorus; Trifolium repens; acetates; attractants; bioassays; electrophysiology; geranial; geraniol; horticultural crops; host plants; kairomones; kiwifruit; leaves; lemons; linalool; neral; nerol; odors; oils; orchards; pest management; pests; repellents; understory
Abstract:
... Fuller's rose weevil (FRW; Pantomorus cervinus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a polyphagous pest of citrus and other horticultural plants, was studied in laboratory assays designed to identify potential semiochemicals from host plants that might be exploited for weevil pest management. Using still-air bioassays, weevils were found to be most attracted to fresh whole lemon leaves compared with cut a ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1440-6055.2007.00624.x

44. Behavioural effects of yearling grain-finished heifers exposed to differing environmental conditions and growth-promoting agents

Author:
Mader, T.L.; Gaughan, J.B.; Kreikemeier, W.M.; Parkhurst, A.M.
Source:
Animal production science 2008 v.48 no.9 pp. 1155-1160
ISSN:
0816-1089
Subject:
yearlings; heifers; growth promotion; acetates; beef cows; ambient temperature; acclimation; cold stress; heat stress; estrogens; trenbolone; feed intake; behavior change
Abstract:
... Two groups of 108 Angus cross yearling heifers were utilised to determine the effects of growth-promoting agents on behaviour, when utilised under thermoneutral, hot and cold environmental conditions. Pens of heifers were observed throughout the day for feed intake pattern via bunk score, panting (hot), degree of bunching and shivering (cold). For cattle that were exposed to cold stress, feed inta ...
DOI:
10.1071/EA07385

45. Behavioural responses of wheat stem sawflies to wheat volatiles

Author:
Piesik, D.; Weaver, D.K.; Runyon, J.B.; Buteler, M.; Peck, G.E.; Morrill, W.L.
Source:
Agricultural and forest entomology 2008 v.10 no.3 pp. 245-253
ISSN:
1461-9555
Subject:
Cephus cinctus; acetates; adults; air; air flow; beta-ocimene; bioassays; females; grasses; males; oviposition; pest management; sawflies; stems; volatile compounds; wheat
Abstract:
... 1 Adult wheat stem sawflies Cephus cinctus, pests of cultivated cereals that also infests wild grasses, migrate into wheat fields where they oviposit in elongating, succulent stems. 2 Volatiles released by wheat plants at susceptible stages were analyzed to determine potential semiochemical compounds. Seven major compounds were identified and quantified. 3 A Y-tube bioassay was developed to evalua ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1461-9563.2008.00380.x

46. Biocalorimetric and respirometric studies on biological treatment of tannery saline wastewater

Author:
Sivaprakasam Senthilkumar; Mahadevan Surianarayanan; Gopalraman Swaminathan
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2008 v.78 no.2 pp. 249-255
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
acetates; aerobic conditions; ammonia; biodegradation; biological treatment; calorimeters; calorimetry; chemical oxygen demand; heat production; monitoring; oxygen; salt tolerance; sodium chloride; tanneries; tannery effluents; wastewater
Abstract:
... This study is focused on the biodegradation of saline tannery effluent by identified halotolerant bacterial consortia in a bench-scale reaction calorimeter. A satisfactory agreement was observed between oxygen uptake rate profiles and heat flux–time curves confirming that, under strict aerobic conditions, calorimetry and respirometry provided the same information. Oxycalorific equivalent determine ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-007-1309-x
PubMed:
18183392

47. Biodegradation behavior of agricultural pesticides in anaerobic batch reactors

Author:
Elefsiniotis, P.; Li, W.
Source:
Journal of environmental science and health 2008 v.43 no.2 pp. 172-178
ISSN:
0360-1234
Subject:
anaerobic digesters; acetates; wastewater treatment; carbon; propionates; equipment performance; 2,4-D; activated sludge; volatile fatty acids; isobutyric acid; isoproturon; water pollution; butyrates; anaerobic conditions; solubility; methane production; pH; biodegradation; anaerobic digestion
DOI:
10.1080/03601230701795197
PubMed:
18246509

48. Biodegradation of high phenol containing synthetic wastewater by an aerobic fixed bed reactor

Author:
Bajaj, M.; Gallert, C.; Winter, J.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.17 pp. 8376-8381
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
acetates; biodegradation; biofilm; chemical oxygen demand; clay; fatty acids; feeds; microorganisms; organic nitrogen compounds; phenol; temperature; urea nitrogen; wastewater
Abstract:
... The continuous aerobic degradation of phenol, mixed with readily degradable synthetic wastewater was studied over a period of 400 days at 25±5°C temperature in a fixed bed biofilm reactor using 'Liapor' clay beads as packing material. The phenol concentration added to the reactor ranged from 0.19 to 5.17g/l and was achieved by a gradual increase of phenol in wastewater, thus adapting the microbial ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.057
PubMed:
18440804

49. Bioenergetic models for acetate and phosphate transport in bacteria important in enhanced biological phosphorus removal

Author:
Burow, Luke C.; Mabbett, Amanda N.; McEwan, Alastair G.; Bond, Philip L.; Blackall, Linda L.
Source:
Environmental microbiology 2008 v.10 no.1 pp. 87-98
ISSN:
1462-2912
Subject:
acetates; adenosinetriphosphatase; bacteria; cell membranes; cyanides; decarboxylation; extrusion; ions; membrane potential; microbial communities; models; monensin; phosphates; phosphorus; protons; respiratory system; sodium; valinomycin
Abstract:
... Most of our understanding of the physiology of microorganisms is the result of investigations in pure culture. However, in order to understand complex environmental processes, there is a need to investigate mixed microbial communities. This is true for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR), an environmental process that results in the enrichment of the polyphosphate-accumulating organism A ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01432.x
PubMed:
18211269

50. Biofilm formation and interactions of bacterial strains found in wastewater treatment systems

Author:
Andersson, Sofia; Kuttuva Rajarao, Gunaratna; Land, Carl Johan; Dalhammar, Gunnel
Source:
FEMS microbiology letters 2008 v.283 no.1 pp. 83-90
ISSN:
0378-1097
Subject:
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus; Comamonas denitrificans; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; acetates; amyloid; bacteria; biofilm; coculture; culture media; gentian violet; glucose; hydrophobicity; mixed culture; synergism; wastewater; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... Biofilm formation and adherence properties of 13 bacterial strains commonly found in wastewater treatment systems were studied in pure and mixed cultures using a crystal violet microtiter plate assay. Four different culture media were used, wastewater, acetate medium, glucose medium and diluted nutrient broth. The medium composition strongly affected biofilm formation. All strains were able to for ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01149.x
PubMed:
18422628

51. Biofiltration of ethyl acetate and amyl acetate using a composite bead biofilter

Author:
Chan, Wu-Chung; Su, Mei-Qi
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.17 pp. 8016-8021
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
acetates; biodegradation; biofilters; biofiltration; microbial growth
Abstract:
... Biodegradation kinetic behaviors of ethyl acetate and amyl acetate in a composite bead biofilter were investigated. The composite bead was the spherical PVA/peat/KNO₃/GAC composite bead which was prepared in our previous works. Both microbial growth rate and biochemical reaction rate were inhibited at higher inlet concentration. For the microbial growth process, the microbial growth rate of ethyl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.045
PubMed:
18445522

52. Biohydrogen production in a continuous stirred tank bioreactor from synthesis gas by anaerobic photosynthetic bacterium: Rhodopirillum rubrum

Author:
Younesi, Habibollah; Najafpour, Ghasem; Ku Ismail, Ku Syahidah; Mohamed, Abdul Rahman; Kamaruddin, Azlina Harun
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.7 pp. 2612-2619
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Rhodospirillum rubrum; acetates; agitation; biotransformation; carbon; combustion; continuous fermentation; enzymes; fuels; gases; hydrogen; hydrogen production; mass transfer; pH; photosynthetic bacteria; tanks; temperature
Abstract:
... Hydrogen may be considered a potential fuel for the future since it is carbon-free and oxidized to water as a combustion product. Bioconversion of synthesis gas (syngas) to hydrogen was demonstrated in continuous stirred tank bioreactor (CSTBR) utilizing acetate as a carbon source. An anaerobic photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodospirillum rubrum catalyzed water-gas shift reaction which was applied for ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2007.04.059
PubMed:
17582763

53. Biokinetic parameters and behavior of Aeromonas hydrophila during anaerobic growth

Author:
Lee, Seungyeop; Kim, Jaai; Shin, Seung Gu; Hwang, Seokhwan
Source:
Biotechnology letters 2008 v.30 no.6 pp. 1011-1016
ISSN:
0141-5492
Subject:
Aeromonas hydrophila; DNA; acetates; ethanol; glucose; metabolism; risk; succinic acid; washing
Abstract:
... The biokinetics of glucose metabolism were evaluated in Aeromonas hydrophila during growth in an anaerobic biosystem. After approx 34 h growth, A. hydrophila metabolized 5,000 mg glucose l⁻¹ into the end-products ethanol, acetate, succinate and formate. The maximum growth rate, μ m, half saturation coefficients, K s, microbial yield coefficient, Y, cell mass decay rate coefficient, k d, and substr ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10529-008-9660-2

54. Biological breakdown of denitrifying sulfide removal process in high-rate expanded granular bed reactor

Author:
Chuan Chen; Aijie Wang; Nanqi Ren; Hongjing Kan; Duu-Jong Lee
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2008 v.81 no.4 pp. 765-770
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Azoarcus; Pseudomonas; Thermothrix; acetates; autotrophs; denitrification; heterotrophs; sludge
Abstract:
... This work conducted a denitrifying sulfide removal (DSR) test in an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor at sustainable loadings of 6.09 kg m⁻³ day⁻¹ for sulfide, 3.11 kg m⁻³ day⁻¹ for nitrate–nitrogen, and 3.27 kg m⁻¹ day⁻¹ for acetate–carbon with >93% efficiency, which is significantly higher than those reported in literature. Strains Pseudomonas sp., Nitrincola sp., and Azoarcus sp. very ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-008-1720-y
PubMed:
18972111

55. Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal and changes in microbial community structure in a membrane bioreactor: Effect of different carbon sources

Author:
Ahmed, Z.; Lim, B.R.; Cho, J.; Song, K.G.; Kim, K.P.; Ahn, K.H.
Source:
Water research 2008 v.42 no.1-2 pp. 198-210
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
anaerobic digesters; fluorescence in situ hybridization; anaerobic conditions; acetates; aerobic conditions; community structure; nitrogen; glucose; quinones; wastewater treatment; microorganisms; propionates; beta-Proteobacteria; chemical oxygen demand; phosphorus; population dynamics
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2007.06.062

56. Biosynthesis of linalyl acetate and other terpenes in lemon mint (Mentha aquatica var. citrata, Lamiaceae) glandular trichomes

Author:
Alon Zaks; Rachel Davidovich-Rikanati; Einat Bar; Moshe Inbar; Efraim Lewinsohn
Source:
Israel journal of plant sciences 2008 v.56 no.3 pp. 233-244
ISSN:
0792-9978
Subject:
Mentha aquatica var. citrata; acetates; acetyl coenzyme A; alpha-pinene; beta-pinene; biosynthesis; cineole; enzyme activity; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; germacrene; leaf development; leaves; lemon oil; limonene; linalool; lipid content; myrcene; nerol; trichomes
Abstract:
... The potential to produce and accumulate mono- and sesquiterpenes in lemon mint (Mentha aquatica var. citrata) glandular trichomes was evaluated. Volatiles were extracted using methyl-tert-butyl ether or solid phase micro extraction and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main components of the essential oil of lemon mint are the monoterpene alcohol linalool ...
DOI:
10.1560/IJPS.56.3.233

57. Biosynthetic Intermediate Analysis and Functional Homology Reveal a Saxitoxin Gene Cluster in Cyanobacteria

Author:
Kellmann, Ralf; Mihali, Troco Kaan; Jeon, Young Jae; Pickford, Russell; Pomati, Francesco; Neilan, Brett A.
Source:
Applied and environmental microbiology 2008 v.74 no.13 pp. 4044-4053
ISSN:
0099-2240
Subject:
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii; S-adenosylmethionine; acetates; alkaloids; arginine; bacteria; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; cyanobacterial toxins; enzymes; eukaryotic cells; gene transfer; human health; mass spectrometry; methylation; multigene family; open reading frames; paralytic shellfish poisoning; prokaryotic cells; propionates; proteins; sequence analysis; shellfish
Abstract:
... Saxitoxin (STX) and its analogues cause the paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) syndrome, which afflicts human health and impacts coastal shellfish economies worldwide. PSP toxins are unique alkaloids, being produced by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Here we describe a candidate PSP toxin biosynthesis gene cluster (sxt) from Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii T3. The saxitoxin biosynthetic pathway i ...
DOI:
10.1128/AEM.00353-08
PubMed:
18487408
PubMed Central:
PMC2446512

58. Biotransformation of β-amyrin acetate by Rhodobacter sphaeroides

Author:
Yang, Guan-e; Zhang, Zhaoming; Bai, Hongjun; Gong, Jun; Wang, Yufen; Li, Baozhen; Li, Jiankuan
Source:
Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 2008 v.105 no.5 pp. 558-561
ISSN:
1389-1723
Subject:
Rhodobacter sphaeroides; acetates; biotransformation; erythrodiol; metabolites
Abstract:
... The microbial transformation of β-amyrin acetate (compound 1) occurred in the culture of Rhodobacter sphaeroides producing three metabolites. The metabolites were purified and identified as β-amyrin (compound 2), (3β)-olean-12-ene-3, 23-diol (compound 3), and erythrodiol (compound 4). Initially, it was found that β-amyrin acetate could be deacetylated and hydroxylated by microbial methods. ...
DOI:
10.1263/jbb.105.558

59. Biotransformation products and mineralization potential for hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in abiotic versus biological degradation pathways with anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) and Geobacter metallireducens

Author:
Kwon, Man Jae; Finneran, Kevin Thomas
Source:
Biodegradation 2008 v.19 no.5 pp. 705-715
ISSN:
0923-9820
Subject:
Geobacter metallireducens; acetates; ammonium; biodegradation; biotransformation; carbon; carbon dioxide; formaldehyde; metabolites; mineralization; nitrites; nitrous oxide; pH; remediation
Abstract:
... This study investigated extracellular electron shuttle-mediated RDX biodegradation and the distribution of ring cleavage metabolites generated by biological degradation (cells) versus the products formed by abiotic degradation (reduced electron shuttles), and when the two pathways were acting simultaneously. All pathways were influenced by pH. Buffered suspensions (pH 6.8/7.9/9.2) were performed w ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10532-008-9175-5

60. Butyrate and trichostatin A attenuate nuclear factor κB activation and tumor necrosis factor α secretion and increase prostaglandin E₂ secretion in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Author:
Usami, Makoto; Kishimoto, Kazunori; Ohata, Atsushi; Miyoshi, Makoto; Aoyama, Michiko; Fueda, Yuri; Kotani, Joji
Source:
Nutrition research 2008 v.28 no.5 pp. 321-328
ISSN:
0271-5317
Subject:
humans; peripheral nervous system; blood; butyrates; short chain fatty acids; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; prostaglandins; histones; prostaglandin synthase; interleukins; enzyme inhibitors; propionates; acetates; nordihydroguaiaretic acid; lipopolysaccharides; acetylation; anti-inflammatory activity
Abstract:
... The effects of short-chain fatty acids (butyrate, propionate, and acetate) and trichostatin A (TSA), a typical histone deacetylase inhibitor, on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α secretion and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells induced with lipopolysaccharide were evaluated in relation to prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) secretion. Treatment of cells with butyrate; tribu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.nutres.2008.02.012

61. CE Determination of 2-(9-Carbazole)ethyl Chloroformate-Labeled Oligopeptides

Author:
Chenxu Ding; Xuejun Sun; Xianen Zhao; Wenchen Zhao; Yulin Li; Honglun Wang; Yourui Suo; Jinmao You
Source:
Chromatographia 2008 v.67 no.3-4 pp. 245-251
ISSN:
0009-5893
Subject:
acetates; byproducts; capillary electrophoresis; chromatography; derivatization; fluorescence; oligopeptides; pH
Abstract:
... A pre-column derivatization method for sensitive determination of oligopeptides, using the tagging reagent 2-(9-carbazole)ethyl chloroformate (CEOC-Cl) followed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with diode-array detection, has been developed. Maximum yield close to 100% were observed when a three to fourfold molar excess of reagent was used at pH 9.0–10.0. Excess reagent was extracted with n-hexan ...
DOI:
10.1365/s10337-007-0475-4

62. Cambial Activity and Intra-annual Xylem Formation in Roots and Stems of Abies balsamea and Picea mariana

Author:
Thibeault-Martel, Maxime; Krause, Cornelia; Morin, Hubert; Rossi, Sergio
Source:
Annals of botany 2008 v.102 no.5 pp. 667-674
ISSN:
0305-7364
Subject:
Abies balsamea; Picea abies; Picea mariana; acetates; air temperature; cambium; carbon; cell differentiation; cell division; cell walls; coniferous forests; growing season; lignification; roots; spring; stem cells; stem elongation; stems; tree growth; trees; wood; xylem; Canada
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Studies on xylogenesis focus essentially on the stem, whereas there is basically no information about the intra-annual growth of other parts of the tree. As roots strongly influence carbon allocation and tree development, knowledge of the dynamics of xylem production and maturation in roots at a short time scale is required for a better understanding of the phenomenon of tree ...
DOI:
10.1093/aob/mcn146
PubMed:
18708643
PubMed Central:
PMC2712372

63. Candidatus 'Brocadia fulgida': an autofluorescent anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacterium

Author:
Kartal, Boran; van Niftrik, Laura; Rattray, Jayne; van de Vossenberg, Jack L.C.M.; Schmid, Markus C.; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap; Jetten, Mike S.M.; Strous, Marc
Source:
FEMS microbiology ecology 2008 v.63 no.1 pp. 46-55
ISSN:
0168-6496
Subject:
acetates; anaerobic ammonium oxidation; biofilm; biomass; ecosystems; enrichment culture; hydrazine; hydroxylamine; lipids; nitrates; nitrifying bacteria; nitrites; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are detected in many natural ecosystems and wastewater treatment plants worldwide. This study describes the enrichment of anammox bacteria in the presence of acetate. The results obtained extend the concept that the anammox bacteria can be enriched to high densities in the presence of substrates for heterotrophic growth. Batch experiments showed that ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00408.x
PubMed:
18081590

64. Capillary electrochromatographic separation of peptides using a macrocyclic polyamine for molecular recognition

Author:
Chen, Tse-Hsien; Misra, Tarun Kumar; Liu, Chuen-Ying
Source:
Electrophoresis 2008 v.29 no.8 pp. 1651-1657
ISSN:
0173-0835
Subject:
acetates; angiotensin I; angiotensin II; anion exchange; cattle; chromatography; electrophoresis; humans; oligopeptides; oxytocin; pH; polyamines; vasopressin
Abstract:
... A macrocyclic polyamine, 1,5,9,13,17,21,25,29-octaazacyclodotriacontane ([32]ane-N₈), in the bonded phase was employed as a molecular receptor for CEC separation of oligopeptides. Parameters affecting the performance of the separations were considered. Baseline separation for the mixture of angiotensin I, angiotensin II, [Sar¹, Thr⁸]-angiotensin II, β-casomorphin bovine, β-casomorphin human, oxyto ...
DOI:
10.1002/elps.200700560

65. Capillary electrophoresis evidence of the stereoselective ketoreduction of mebendazole and aminomebendazole in echinococcosis patients

Author:
Theurillat, Regula; Thormann, Wolfgang
Source:
Journal of separation science 2008 v.31 no.1 pp. 188-194
ISSN:
1615-9306
Subject:
acetates; capillary electrophoresis; detection limit; echinococcosis; enantiomers; high performance liquid chromatography; liquid-liquid extraction; mebendazole; pH; patients
Abstract:
... An assay for the simultaneous determination of the enantiomers of hydroxymebendazole (OH-MBZ) and hydroxyaminomebendazole (OH-AMBZ) together with aminomebendazole (AMBZ) in human plasma is described for the first time. It is based upon liquid-liquid extraction at alkaline pH from 0.5 mL plasma followed by analysis of the reconstituted extract by CE with reversed polarity in the presence of a 50 mM ...
DOI:
10.1002/jssc.200700381
PubMed:
18058859

66. Capillary electrophoresis of boron cluster compounds in aqueous and nonaqueous solvents

Author:
Valeri, Anna Lucia; Kremser, Leopold; Raggi, Maria Augusta; Grüner, Bohumir; Vespalec, Radim; Kenndler, Ernst
Source:
Electrophoresis 2008 v.29 no.8 pp. 1658-1666
ISSN:
0173-0835
Subject:
acetates; acetic acid; anions; boron; capillary electrophoresis; cobalt; hydrodynamics; ionic strength; methanol; pH; perchloric acid; solvents; viscosity
Abstract:
... The electrophoretic properties of boron cluster compounds were determined in water, methanol and ACN as solvents of the BGE and discussed based on the principles of ion migration. Two types of boron cluster compounds were investigated. One type consisted of derivatives of the nido-7,8-dicarbaundecaborate cluster, the other types are derivatized cobalt bis(dicarbollide) ions (COSANs) whose central ...
DOI:
10.1002/elps.200700815

67. Carbon metabolism of the moderately acid-tolerant acetogen Clostridium drakei isolated from peat

Author:
Gößner, Anita S.; Picardal, Flynn; Tanner, Ralph S.; Drake, Harold L.
Source:
FEMS microbiology letters 2008 v.287 no.2 pp. 236-242
ISSN:
0378-1097
Subject:
1-propanol; Clostridium scatologenes; DNA; acetates; acid tolerance; bacteria; butyrates; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; cellobiose; coal; formates; glucose; habitats; hydrogen; metabolism; nucleotide sequences; oxygen; pH; peat; ribosomal RNA; temperature; xylose
Abstract:
... A moderately acid-tolerant, malodorous bacterium, strain FP, was isolated from peat that had a pore water pH of c. 4.2. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of FP was closely related to that of acetogens Clostridium drakei, Clostridium scatologenes, and Clostridium carboxidivorans. The DNA-DNA reassociation values obtained with DNA from FP and that of these three acetogens approximated 80%, 64%, and 59%, re ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01313.x
PubMed:
18710398

68. Castalagin from Anogeissus leiocarpus mediates the killing of Leishmania in vitro

Author:
Shuaibu, M. N.; Pandey, K.; Wuyep, P. A.; Yanagi, T.; Hirayama, K.; Ichinose, A.; Tanaka, T.; Kouno, I.
Source:
Parasitology research 2008 v.103 no.6 pp. 1333-1338
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Anogeissus; Leishmania; Terminalia; acetates; fractionation; high performance liquid chromatography; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; parasitoses; tannins
Abstract:
... Stem barks of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Terminalia avicennoides widely used in Africa for treatment of some parasitic diseases were collected and made into methanolic extracts. The extracts were tested on four strains of promastigote forms of Leishmania in vitro. Solvent fractionation in aqueous, butanolic, and ethyl acetate layer indicated butanol and aqueous fractions to have a superior leishman ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-008-1137-7
PubMed:
18690475

69. Catalytic aerobic oxidation of substituted 8-methylquinolines in Pdᴵᴵ-2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid systems

Author:
Jing Zhang; Eugene Khaskin; Nicholas P. Anderson; Peter Y. Zavalij; Andrei N. Vedernikov
Source:
Chemical communications 2008 v. no.31 pp. 3625-3627
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
acetates; catalytic activity; dicarboxylic acids; oxidation; regioselectivity
Abstract:
... The ability of Pdᴵᴵ complexes derived from 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acids to catalyze homogeneous regioselective aerobic oxidation of 5- and 6-substituted 8-methylquinolines in AcOH–Ac₂O solution to produce corresponding 8-quinolylmethyl acetates in high yield was demonstrated; corresponding 8-quinoline carboxylic acids are minor reaction products. ...
DOI:
10.1039/b803156h

70. Cationic polymerizations of 2-alkyloxazolines catalyzed by bismuth salts

Author:
Buzin, Pavel; Schwarz, Gert; Kricheldorf, Hans R.
Source:
Journal of polymer science 2008 v.46 no.14 pp. 4777-4784
ISSN:
0887-624X
Subject:
acetates; bismuth; matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry; molecular weight; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polymerization; polymers; salts
Abstract:
... Acidic bismuth salts, such as BiCl₃, BiBr₃, BiJ₃, and Bi-triflate catalyzed the ring-opening polymerization of 2-methoxazoline (MOZ) in bulk at 100 °C, whereas less acidic salts such as Bi₂O₃ or Bi(III)acetate did not. Bi-triflate-catalyzed polymerizations of 2-ethyloxazoline (EtOZ) were performed with variation of the monomer-catalyst ratio (M/C). It was found that the molecular weights were inde ...
DOI:
10.1002/pola.22811

71. Characterisation of glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (EC 2.6.1.16) and N-acetylglucosamine metabolism in Bifidobacterium

Author:
Foley, Sophie; Stolarczyk, Emilie; Mouni, Fadoua; Brassart, Colette; Vidal, Olivier; Aïssi, Eliane; Bouquelet, Stéphane; Krzewinski, Frédéric
Source:
Archives of microbiology 2008 v.189 no.2 pp. 157-167
ISSN:
0302-8933
Subject:
Bifidobacterium bifidum; Escherichia coli; N-acetylglucosamine; acetates; active sites; bacteria; biochemical pathways; bioinformatics; cell walls; fructose; fructose 6-phosphate; genes; glutamic acid; glutaminase; glutamine; metabolism; proteins; radiolabeling
Abstract:
... Bifidobacterium bifidum, in contrast to other bifidobacterial species, is auxotrophic for N-acetylglucosamine. Growth experiments revealed assimilation of radiolabelled N-acetylglucosamine in bacterial cell walls and in acetate, an end-product of central metabolism via the bifidobacterial d-fructose-6-phosphate shunt. While supplementation with fructose led to reduced N-acetylglucosamine assimilat ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00203-007-0307-9
PubMed:
17943273

72. Characterisation of polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers with controllable four-monomer composition

Author:
Dai, Yu; Lambert, Lynette; Yuan, Zhiguo; Keller, Jurg
Source:
Journal of biotechnology 2008 v.134 no.1-2 pp. 137-145
ISSN:
0168-1656
Subject:
acetates; anaerobic conditions; biotechnology; carbon; composite polymers; cost effectiveness; crystal structure; differential scanning calorimetry; glass transition temperature; glycogen; melting point; microstructure; mixed culture; molecular weight; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polyhydroxyalkanoates; propionic acid; streams
Abstract:
... Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymers comprising the four monomers 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), 3-hydroxy-2-methylvalerate (3HMV) and 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyrate (3HMB) were generated using the recently discovered Defluviicoccus vanus-related glycogen accumulating organisms (DvGAOs) under anaerobic conditions without applying any nutrient limitations. The composition could be m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.01.013

73. Characterization of Progesterone Derivatives by LC-DAD-ESI/MSn and Its Application to the Identification of Impurities in Flurogestone Acetate

Author:
Zhang, Yufeng; Wang, Zunyuan; Ma, Zhen; Cheng, Yiyu
Source:
Chromatographia 2008 v.68 no.11-12 pp. 903-909
ISSN:
0009-5893
Subject:
acetates; electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; high performance liquid chromatography; progesterone
Abstract:
... The fragmentation behaviors of progesterone derivatives were studied by high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Under tandem MS conditions, most of the fragments were formed by the cleavage of peripheral groups. Analyses of the fragmentation pathways revealed that the presence of substituents of a progesterone derivative could be deduced from charac ...
DOI:
10.1365/s10337-008-0838-5

74. Characterization of polyvinyl resins used as binding media in paintings by pyrolysis-silylation-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Author:
Doménech-Carbó, Maria Teresa; Bitossi, Giovanna; Osete-Cortina, Laura; de la Cruz-Cañizares, Juana; Yusá-Marco, Dolores Julia
Source:
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2008 v.391 no.4 pp. 1371-1379
ISSN:
1618-2642
Subject:
acetates; chemical composition; derivatization; emulsions; mass spectrometry; optical properties; polymers; resins; ultraviolet radiation; Spain
Abstract:
... Polyvinyl resins, in particular poly(vinyl acetate) emulsions (PVA), are widely used in contemporary paintings as binding media, because of the optimum mechanical and optical properties these polymers confer on the paint layers. A study has been carried out to chemically characterize samples of PVA resins prepared as coating films from commercial products currently available from fine arts supplie ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00216-007-1783-0

75. Characterization of selective binding of alkali cations with carboxylate by x-ray absorption spectroscopy of liquid microjets

Author:
Uejio, Janel S.; Schwartz, Craig P.; Duffin, Andrew M.; Drisdell, Walter S.; Cohen, Ronald C.; Saykally, Richard J.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008 v.105 no.19 pp. 6809-6812
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
X-radiation; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; absorption; acetates; anions; carbon; cations; formates; lithium; potassium; sodium
Abstract:
... We describe an approach for characterizing selective binding between oppositely charged ionic functional groups under biologically relevant conditions. Relative shifts in K-shell x-ray absorption spectra of aqueous cations and carboxylate anions indicate the corresponding binding strengths via perturbations of carbonyl antibonding orbitals. XAS spectra measured for aqueous formate and acetate solu ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0800181105
PubMed:
18463292
PubMed Central:
PMC2383964

76. Characterization of the Arc two-component signal transduction system of the capnophilic rumen bacterium Mannheimia succiniciproducens

Author:
Jung, Won Seok; Jung, Young Ryul; Oh, Doo-Byoung; Kang, Hyun Ah; Lee, Sang Yup; Chavez-Canales, Maria; Georgellis, Dimitris; Kwon, Ohsuk
Source:
FEMS microbiology letters 2008 v.284 no.1 pp. 109-119
ISSN:
0378-1097
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Mannheimia; acetates; menadione; mutants; operon; phosphorylation; proteins; pyruvic acid; rumen bacteria; signal transduction; toluidine blue; ubiquinones
Abstract:
... The ArcB/A two-component signal transduction system of Escherichia coli modulates the expression of numerous operons in response to redox conditions of growth. We demonstrate that the putative arcA and arcB genes of Mannheimia succiniciproducens MBEL55E, a capnophilic (CO₂-loving) rumen bacterium, encode functional proteins that specify a two-component system. The Arc proteins of the two bacterial ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01187.x

77. Characterization of the Most Odor-Active Compounds in an American Bourbon Whisky by Application of the Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis

Author:
Poisson, L.; Schieberle, P.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2008 v.56 no.14 pp. 5813-5819
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
benzaldehyde; acetates; lactones; whisky; phenols; headspace analysis; pyrazines; butanol; odor compounds; extracts; odors; ethanol; eugenol; United States
Abstract:
... Application of the aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) on the volatile fraction carefully isolated from an American Bourbon whisky revealed 45 odor-active areas in the flavor dilution (FD) factor range of 32-4096 among which (E)-β-damascenone and δ-nonalactone showed the highest FD factors of 4096 and 2048, respectively. With FD factors of 1024, (3S,4S)-cis-whiskylactone, γ-decalactone, 4-allyl ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf800382m

78. Chemical changes in terpenes of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) wood during steam drying in kiln at high temperature

Author:
Yoh-ichi Matsushita; Kazuhiro Sugamoto; Kenji Miyakubo; Chiaki Kurogi; Takanao Matsui; Hisato Oda; Hideto Fujimoto
Source:
Journal of wood science 2008 v.54 no.6 pp. 476-482
ISSN:
1435-0211
Subject:
Cryptomeria japonica; acetates; acetic acid; drying; gas chromatography; kilns; mass spectrometry; steam; temperature; terpenoids; wood; wood drying; wood extractives
Abstract:
... Sawdusts of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) wood prepared before and after steam drying at 120°C in a kiln were extracted with n-hexane and ethyl acetate to give n-hexane extracts and ethyl acetate extracts. From gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate extracts from woods before and after steam drying, the components of 4-epi-cubebol, cubebol, and 2,7(14),10-bis-abolatrien-1 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10086-008-0980-6

79. Chemistry of the Cephalic Labial Gland Secretions of Male Bombus morrisoni and B. rufocinctus, Two North American Bumblebee Males with Perching Behavior

Author:
Bertsch, Andreas; Schweer, Horst; Titze, Andreas
Source:
Journal of chemical ecology 2008 v.34 no.10 pp. 1268-1274
ISSN:
0098-0331
Subject:
chemical composition; terpenoids; insect behavior; acetates; males; Bombus rufocinctus; head; bodily secretions and exudates; exocrine glands; mating behavior; wax esters; alcohols
Abstract:
... The labial gland secretions from males of the North American bumblebees Bombus morrisoni Cresson and B. rufocinctus Cresson were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In both species, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenyl acetate was found as the major compound of a complex mixture of alkenols, acetates, hydrocarbons, and wax-type esters. In addition to a mixture of saturat ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10886-008-9538-8

80. Chemoprevention and inhibition of P-glycoprotein in cancer cells by Chinese medicinal herbs

Author:
Engi, Helga; Hohmann, Judit; Gang, Geng; Pusztai, Rozália; Rédei, Dóra; Kovács, Orsolya; Schelz, Zsuzsanna; Molnár, Joseph
Source:
Phytotherapy research 2008 v.22 no.12 pp. 1671-1676
ISSN:
0951-418X
Subject:
acetates; antibacterial properties; antigens; cell growth; chemoprevention; chloroform; epithelial cells; genes; herbs; humans; lung neoplasms; lungs; medicinal plants; methanol; mice; multiple drug resistance; plant extracts
Abstract:
... Many of the herbal extracts used in the Chinese clinical medical routine inhibit the growth of tumor cells. In the present work, extracts of 12 selected herbs were prepared with methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water, and the effects of these on the multidrug resistance (MDR) and P-glycoprotein of mouse lymphoma cells transfected with the human mdr1 gene and on a human lung alveolar epithel ...
DOI:
10.1002/ptr.2554

81. Chromatographic evaluation and comparison of three β-cyclodextrin-based stationary phases by capillary liquid chromatography and pressure-assisted capillary electrochromatography

Author:
Lin, Bo; Ng, Siu-Choon; Feng, Yu-Qi
Source:
Electrophoresis 2008 v.29 no.19 pp. 4045-4054
ISSN:
0173-0835
Subject:
acetates; aromatic compounds; beta-cyclodextrin; buffers; electrophoresis; enantiomers; liquid chromatography; methanol; pH
Abstract:
... Enantiomer separations were performed on three β-cyclodextrin-based chiral stationary phases (CSP) containing the pernaphthylcarbamoylated β-cyclodextrin (CSP 1), peracetylated β-cyclodextrin (CSP 2) and permethylated β-cyclodextrin (CSP 3) as chiral selectors by capillary liquid chromatography and pressure-assisted capillary electrochromatography in this study. Triethylammonium acetate/MeOH or ph ...
DOI:
10.1002/elps.200800036

82. Chronic inflammation that facilitates tumor progression creates local immune suppression by inducing indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase

Author:
Muller, Alexander J.; Sharma, Madhav D.; Chandler, Phillip R.; DuHadaway, James B.; Everhart, Mary E.; Johnson, Burles A. III.; Kahler, David J.; Pihkala, Jeanene; Soler, Alejandro Peralta; Munn, David H.; Prendergast, George C.; Mellor, Andrew L.
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008 v.105 no.44 pp. 17073-17078
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
T-lymphocytes; acetates; amino acids; carcinogenesis; carcinogens; dendritic cells; inflammation; lymph nodes; mice; models; papilloma; phenotype; receptors; skin lesions; stress response; topical application
Abstract:
... Topical application of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) elicits intense local inflammation that facilitates outgrowth of premalignant lesions in skin after carcinogen exposure. The inflammatory response to PMA treatment activates immune stimulatory mechanisms. However, we show here that PMA exposure also induces plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in local draining lymph nodes (dLNs) to express ind ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0806173105
PubMed:
18952840
PubMed Central:
PMC2579380

83. Combined effect of natural antimicrobials and high pressure processing to prevent Listeria monocytogenes growth after a cold chain break during storage of cooked ham

Author:
Marcos, B.; Jofré, A.; Aymerich, T.; Monfort, J.M.; Garriga, M.
Source:
Food control 2008 v.19 no.1 pp. 76-81
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
ham; cooked foods; slicing; food preservation; high pressure treatment; food preservatives; enterocins; lactates; acetates; antibacterial properties; food storage; refrigeration; cold storage; Listeria monocytogenes; food pathogens; bacterial contamination; food contamination; storage time; shelf life; plate count; cold tolerance
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2007.02.005

84. Combined effects of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus substrates on D-ribose production via transketolase deficient strain of Bacillus pumilus

Author:
Srivastava, Rajesh K.; Wangikar, Pramod P.
Source:
Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 2008 v.83 no.8 pp. 1110-1119
ISSN:
0268-2575
Subject:
Bacillus pumilus; acetates; acetoin; ammonium sulfate; biomass; biosynthesis; carbon; corn steep liquor; glucose; histidine; mutants; nitrogen; pentose phosphate cycle; phenylalanine; phosphorus; transketolase; tryptophan; tyrosine
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: D-ribose, a five carbon sugar, can be produced via mutant strains with impairment in the non-oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). D-ribose is an important intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry. This work focuses on the effect of various substrates on D-ribose production with a transketolase deficient strain of Bacillus pumilus IFO13322.RESULT: D-ribose titer is ...
DOI:
10.1002/jctb.1936

85. Comparative Study of Sugar Fermentation and Protein Expression Patterns of Two Lactobacillus plantarum Strains Grown in Three Different Media

Author:
Plumed-Ferrer, Carme; Koistinen, Kaisa M.; Tolonen, Tiina L.; Lehesranta, Satu J.; Kärenlampi, Sirpa O.; Mäkimattila, Elina; Joutsjoki, Vesa; Virtanen, Vesa; von Wright, Atte
Source:
Applied and environmental microbiology 2008 v.74 no.17 pp. 5349-5358
ISSN:
0099-2240
Subject:
Lactobacillus plantarum; acetates; biochemical pathways; cucumbers; electrophoresis; feeds; fermentation; glucose; growing media; hexoses; juices; lactic acid bacteria; mass spectrometry; microbial growth; protein synthesis; stress response; swine feeding
Abstract:
... A comparative study of two strains of Lactobacillus plantarum (REB1 and MLBPL1) grown in commercial medium (MRS broth), cucumber juice, and liquid pig feed was performed to explore changes to the metabolic pathways of these bacteria, using a proteomics approach (two-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) combined with analyses of fermentable sugars and ferm ...
DOI:
10.1128/AEM.00324-08
PubMed:
18567686
PubMed Central:
PMC2546631

86. Comparative study of electrostatic binding vs. complexation of Cu²⁺ ions with water-soluble polymers containing styrene sulphonic acid and/or maleic acid units or their sodium salt forms

Author:
Oikonomou, Eudokia K.; Bokias, Georgios; Kallitsis, Joannis K.
Source:
Journal of polymer science 2008 v.46 no.12 pp. 1149-1158
ISSN:
0887-6266
Subject:
copper sulfate; neutralization; acetates; aqueous solutions; ions; mixing; copper; viscosity; sodium; maleic acid; sulfonic acids; composite polymers; spectroscopy; viscometry
Abstract:
... The interaction of Cu²⁺ ions with the homopolymer poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSH), as well as with the copolymers of maleic acid (MAc) with styrene sulfonic acid (SSH) or vinyl acetate (VAc), was investigated in dilute aqueous solution through turbidimetry, potentiometry, viscometry, and spectrophotometry in the visible region. Cu²⁺ ions were introduced either through neutralization with Cu(OH) ...
DOI:
10.1002/polb.21448

87. Comparison of Fungal Activities on Wood and Leaf Litter in Unaltered and Nutrient-Enriched Headwater Streams

Author:
Gulis, Vladislav; Suberkropp, Keller; Rosemond, Amy D.
Source:
Applied and environmental microbiology 2008 v.74 no.4 pp. 1094-1101
ISSN:
0099-2240
Subject:
trophic relationships; acetates; organic matter; plant litter; decayed wood; streams; fungi; ecosystems; biomass; microbial activity; energy transfer; leaves; ergosterol
Abstract:
... Fungi are the dominant organisms decomposing leaf litter in streams and mediating energy transfer to other trophic levels. However, less is known about their role in decomposing submerged wood. This study provides the first estimates of fungal production on wood and compares the importance of fungi in the decomposition of submerged wood versus that of leaves at the ecosystem scale. We determined f ...
DOI:
10.1128/AEM.01903-07
PubMed:
18083884
PubMed Central:
PMC2258571

88. Comparison of high performance TLC and HPLC for separation and quantification of chlorogenic acid in green coffee bean extracts

Author:
Urakova, Irina N.; Pozharitskaya, Olga N.; Shikov, Alexander N.; Kosman, Vera M.; Makarov, Valery G.
Source:
Journal of separation science 2008 v.31 no.2 pp. 237-241
ISSN:
1615-9306
Subject:
acetates; acetic acid; chlorogenic acid; coffee beans; densitometry; formic acid; high performance liquid chromatography; silica gel
Abstract:
... Two chromatographic methods, high-performance TLC (HPTLC) and HPLC, were developed and used for separation and quantitative determination of chlorogenic acid in green coffee bean extracts. For HPTLC silica gel Kieselgel 60 F 254 plates with ethyl acetate/dichlormethane/formic acid/acetic acid/water (100:25:10:10:11, v/v/v/v/v) as mobile phase were used. Densitometric determination of chlorogenic a ...
DOI:
10.1002/jssc.200700472
PubMed:
18183554

89. Comparison of structure of gum exudate polysaccharides from the trunk and fruit of the peach tree (Prunus persica)

Author:
Simas, F.F.; Gorin, P.A.J.; Wagner, R.; Sassaki, G.L.; Bonkerner, A.; Iacomini, M.
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2008 v.71 no.2 pp. 218-228
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
plant exudates; chemical composition; acetates; monosaccharides; methylation; chemical analysis; tree trunk; alditols; Prunus persica; arabinogalactans; fruit trees; chemical structure
Abstract:
... The peach tree (Prunus persica) produces gum exudates on its trunk and fruit. The former was extracted with water to give polysaccharide (PPN) and residual material was extracted with alkali giving structurally similar PPNA (NMR examination), which was formed in a slightly higher yield (42% compared with 37%). PPNA consisted of Ara, Xyl, Man, Gal, and uronic acids in a 36:7:2:42:13 molar ratio and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.05.032

90. Competition and coexistence of sulfate-reducing bacteria, acetogens and methanogens in a lab-scale anaerobic bioreactor as affected by changing substrate to sulfate ratio

Author:
Shabir A. Dar; Robbert Kleerebezem; Alfons J. M. Stams; J. Gijs Kuenen; Gerard Muyzer
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2008 v.78 no.6 pp. 1045-1055
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Archaea; Dendrosporobacter; acetates; bioreactors; chemical analysis; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; fermentation; methane production; methanogens; microbial communities; oligonucleotide probes; oxidation; population structure; propionic acid; sulfate-reducing bacteria; sulfates
Abstract:
... The microbial population structure and function of natural anaerobic communities maintained in lab-scale continuously stirred tank reactors at different lactate to sulfate ratios and in the absence of sulfate were analyzed using an integrated approach of molecular techniques and chemical analysis. The population structure, determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and by the use of oli ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-008-1391-8
PubMed:
18305937
PubMed Central:
PMC2271084

91. Competitive Oxidation of Volatile Fatty Acids by Sulfate- and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria from an Oil Field in Argentina

Author:
Grigoryan, Aleksandr A.; Cornish, Sabrina L.; Buziak, Brenton; Lin, Shiping; Cavallaro, Adriana; Arensdorf, Joseph J.; Voordouw, Gerrit
Source:
Applied and environmental microbiology 2008 v.74 no.14 pp. 4324-4335
ISSN:
0099-2240
Subject:
Arcobacter; Desulfobacter; Desulfobotulus; Desulfotignum; Desulfuromonas; Pseudomonas; Sulfurospirillum; acetates; basins; butyrates; community structure; electrons; microbial communities; nitrates; nitrites; oils; oxidation; propionates; sulfate-reducing bacteria; sulfates; sulfides; volatile fatty acids; Argentina
Abstract:
... Acetate, propionate, and butyrate, collectively referred to as volatile fatty acids (VFA), are considered among the most important electron donors for sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and heterotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria (hNRB) in oil fields. Samples obtained from a field in the Neuquén Basin, western Argentina, had significant activity of mesophilic SRB, hNRB, and nitrate-reducing, sulfide- ...
DOI:
10.1128/AEM.00419-08
PubMed:
18502934
PubMed Central:
PMC2493150

92. Competitive reaction kinetics of sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogenic bacteria in anaerobic filters

Author:
Chou, Hsin-Hsien; Huang, Ju-Sheng; Chen, Wen-Guang; Ohara, Reiko
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.17 pp. 8061-8067
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
acetates; filters; methanogens; microbial growth; reaction kinetics; simulation models; sulfate-reducing bacteria; sulfates
Abstract:
... A kinetic model for the anaerobic filter (AF) that takes into account the mass fractions of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) (f SRB) and methanogenic bacteria (MB) (f MB) and an inhibiting effect of H₂S on bacterial groups is proposed. When the acetate-fed AFs were maintained at the low organic loading rate of 2.5kg COD/m³ d, variations of the influent [formula removed] ratio (0.5-3.0) does not mat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.044
PubMed:
18448334

93. Compositional characterization and imaging of “wall-bound” acylesters of Populus trichocarpa reveal differential accumulation of acyl molecules in normal and reactive woods

Author:
Gou, Jin-Ying; Park, Simone; Yu, Xiao-Hong; Miller, Lisa M.; Liu, Chang-Jun
Source:
Planta 2008 v.229 no.1 pp. 15-24
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
chemical composition; grasses; metabolism; acetates; image analysis; stems; cell walls; wood; tension wood; Populus trichocarpa; stem cells; cell wall components; polysaccharides; mass spectrometry; Liliopsida; lignin; leaves
Abstract:
... Acylesterification is one of the common modifications of cell wall non-cellulosic polysaccharides and/or lignin primarily in monocot plants. We analyzed the cell-wall acylesters of black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray) with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy, and synchrotron infrared (IR) imaging facility. The results ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-008-0799-9
PubMed:
18820945

94. Construction of a model of the human proximal colon

Author:
Román Jiménez-Vera; Oscar Monroy; Alma Corona-Cruz; Mariano García-Garibay
Source:
World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2008 v.24 no.12 pp. 2767-2774
ISSN:
0959-3993
Subject:
absorption; acetates; butyrates; colon; dialysis; fermentation; foods; glass; humans; inoculum; intestinal absorption; models; polyethylene glycol; proteins; short chain fatty acids; starch
Abstract:
... The objective of the present study was to construct a system that re-creates the conditions of fermentation and absorption of the human proximal colon. The model was constructed using a glass tube with an internal dialysis membrane tube. The food substrate was fed into the dialysis membrane three times a day simulating a typical human feeding. The substrate contained 58% carbohydrates, 35% protein ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11274-008-9803-6

95. Controlled radical polymerization of N-vinylcaprolactam mediated by xanthate or dithiocarbamate

Author:
Wan, Decheng; Zhou, Qing; Pu, Hongting; Yang, Genjin
Source:
Journal of polymer science 2008 v.46 no.11 pp. 3756-3765
ISSN:
0887-624X
Subject:
acetates; benzene; composite polymers; desorption; gel chromatography; ionization; molecular weight; polymerization
Abstract:
... Controlled radical polymerization of N-vinylcaprolactam (NVCL) via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization or macromolecular design via the interchange of xanthate (MADIX) was described, employing 2-diphenylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl-2-methyl-propionic acid (CTA1), ((O-ethylxanthyl)methyl)benzene (CTA2) and (1-(O-ethylxanthyl)ethyl)benzene (CTA3) as chain transfer agents ...
DOI:
10.1002/pola.22722

96. Critical evaluation of buffering solutions for pKa determination by capillary electrophoresis

Author:
Fuguet, Elisabet; Reta, Mario; Gibert, Carme; Rosés, Martí; Bosch, Elisabeth; Ràfols, Clara
Source:
Electrophoresis 2008 v.29 no.13 pp. 2841-2851
ISSN:
0173-0835
Subject:
acetates; acetic acid; amines; ammonia; boric acid; buffers; capillary electrophoresis; pH; phenols; pyridines
Abstract:
... The performance of the most common and also some other less common CE buffers has been tested for the pKa determination of several types of compounds (pyridine, amines, and phenols). The selected buffers cover a pH ranging from 3.7 to 11.8. Whereas some buffers, like acetic acid/acetate, BisTrisH⁺/BisTris, TrisH⁺/Tris, CHES/CHES⁻, and CAPS/CAPS⁻ can be used with all type of analytes, others like a ...
DOI:
10.1002/elps.200700869

97. Curcumin in cancer management: Recent results of analogue design and clinical studies and desirable future research

Author:
Steward, William P.; Gescher, Andreas J.
Source:
Molecular nutrition & food research 2008 v.52 no.9 pp. 1005-1009
ISSN:
1613-4125
Subject:
acetates; adenoma; clinical trials; curcumin; curry; humans; lead
Abstract:
... The ability of the curry constituent curcumin to delay the onset of cancer has been the topic of extensive research for many years. Abundant literature is devoted to mechanisms by which curcumin may mediate this activity. These insights have prompted investigations in which curcumin as lead molecule serves as a scaffold for synthetic chemical attempts to optimize pharmacological potency. Among the ...
DOI:
10.1002/mnfr.200700148

98. Cytotoxic activities of flavonoid glycoside acetates from Consolida oliveriana

Author:
Diaz, J.G.; Carmona, A.J.; Torres, F.; Quintana, J.; Estevez, F.; Herz, W.
Source:
Planta medica 2008 v.74 no.2 pp. 171-174
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
acetates; kaempferol; humans; Consolida; cytotoxicity; cultured cells; glycosides; quercetin; anticarcinogenic activity
DOI:
10.1055/s-2008-1034278
PubMed:
18214815

99. DL-α-Tocopherol acetate mitigates maternal hyperthermia-induced pre-implantation embryonic death accompanied by a reduction of physiological oxidative stress in mice

Author:
Sakamoto, Natsumi; Ozawa, Manabu; Yokotani-Tomita, Kaori; Morimoto, Aki; Matsuzuka, Takaya; Ijiri, Daichi; Hirabayashi, Miho; Ushitani, Atsuko; Kanai, Yukio
Source:
Reproduction 2008 v.135 no.4 pp. 489-496
ISSN:
1470-1626
Subject:
acetates; blastocyst; body weight; death; embryonic mortality; fever; glutathione; heat; heat stress; mice; mothers; oxidative stress; relative humidity; zygote
Abstract:
... Maternal hyperthermia induces pre-implantation embryo death, which is accompanied by enhanced physiological oxidative stress. We evaluated whether the administration of DL-α-tocopherol acetate (TA) to hyperthermic mothers mitigated pre-implantation embryo death. Mice were exposed to heat stress (35 °C, 60% relative humidity) for 12 h or not heated (25 °C) on the day of mating. Twelve hours before ...
DOI:
10.1530/REP-07-0379

100. Defense-Inducing Volatiles: In Search of the Active Motif

Author:
Martin Heil; Ulrich Lion; Wilhelm Boland
Source:
Journal of chemical ecology 2008 v.34 no.5 pp. 601-604
ISSN:
0098-0331
Subject:
nectar secretion; acetates; volatile organic compounds; Phaseolus lunatus; resistance mechanisms; structure-activity relationships; induced resistance; lima beans
Abstract:
... Herbivore-induced volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are widely appreciated as an indirect defense mechanism since carnivorous arthropods use VOCs as cues for host localization and then attack herbivores. Another function of VOCs is plant–plant signaling. That VOCs elicit defensive responses in neighboring plants has been reported from various species, and different compounds have been found to be ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10886-008-9464-9
PubMed:
18408973
PubMed Central:
PMC2373414