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1. Abietane Diterpenoids from Clerodendrum bungei

Author:
Liu, S.; Zhu, H.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X.; Yu, Q.; Xuan, L.
Source:
Journal of natural products 2008 v.71 no.5 pp. 755-759
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
Clerodendrum bungei; medicinal plants; diterpenoids; phytochemicals; chemical structure; spectral analysis; stereochemistry; cytotoxicity; anticarcinogenic activity; cell proliferation; cell cycle; China
DOI:
10.1021/np0703489
PubMed:
18348535

2. Acacia salicina extracts protect against DNA damage and mutagenesis in bacteria and human lymphoblast cell K562 cultures

Author:
Bouhlel, Ines; Kilani, Soumaya; Skandrani, Ines; Amar, Rebaii Ben; Nefatti, Aicha; Laporte, François; Hininger-Favier, Isabelle; Ghedira, Kamel; Chekir-Ghedira, Leila
Source:
Nutrition research 2008 v.28 no.3 pp. 190-197
ISSN:
0271-5317
Subject:
DNA damage; xanthine oxidase; antimutagenic activity; genotoxicity; hydrogen peroxide; lymphocytes; Acacia salicina; superoxide anion; xanthine; phytochemicals; cell culture; mutagenesis; bioassays; antioxidant activity; benzopyrenes; ethanol; supercritical fluid extraction; methanol; free radicals; free radical scavengers; anticarcinogenic activity
Abstract:
... Three extracts were prepared from the leaves of Acacia salicina: aqueous, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts. The antigenotoxic properties of these extracts were investigated by assessing the inhibition of mutagenicity of the indirect-acting mutagen benzo[a]pyrene using the Ames assay and the genotoxicity of the direct-acting mutagen, hydrogen peroxide, using the “Comet assay.” Aqueous, methanol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.nutres.2007.12.011
PubMed:
19083407

3. A Combination of Tomato and Soy Products for Men With Recurring Prostate Cancer and Rising Prostate Specific Antigen

Author:
Grainger, E.M.; Schwartz, S.J.; Wang, S.; Unlu, N.Z.; Boileau, T.W.M.; Ferketich, A.K.; Monk, J.P.; Gong, M.C.; Bahnson, R.R.; DeGroff, V.L.
Source:
Nutrition and cancer 2008 v.60 no.2 pp. 145-154
ISSN:
0163-5581
Subject:
tomatoes; chemical composition; protein supplements; men; soy protein; nutritional intervention; blood serum; nutrient availability; phytochemicals; lycopene; prostatic neoplasms; vascular endothelial growth factors; anticarcinogenic activity
Abstract:
... Tomato and soy products are hypothesized to reduce the risk of prostate cancer or enhance efficacy of therapy. A study was completed to determine if men with active prostate cancer will adhere to a dietary intervention rich in tomato products and a soy protein supplement men (n = 41) with recurrent, asymptomatic prostate cancer were randomized among 2 groups: Group A (n = 20) consumed tomato produ ...
DOI:
10.1080/01635580701621338
PubMed:
18444145

4. Activation of Pregnane X Receptor and Induction of MDR1 by Dietary Phytochemicals

Author:
Satsu, H.; Hiura, Y.; Mochizuki, K.; Hamada, M.; Shimizu, M.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2008 v.56 no.13 pp. 5366-5373
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
receptors; cytochrome P-450; dietary nutrient sources; phytochemicals; human cell lines; enterocytes; in vitro studies; gene expression; gene expression regulation; metabolic detoxification; nutrition physiology; cell culture; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is understood to be the key regulator for gene expression of such drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters as multidrug-resistant protein 1 (MDR1) and the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family. We examined the effect of dietary phytochemicals on the PXR-dependent transcriptional activity in human intestinal LS180 cells by using a reporter assay. Among approximately 40 kinds ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf073350e
PubMed:
18540626

5. Activity of elaeochytrin A from Ferula elaeochytris on leukemia cell lines

Author:
Alkhatib, Racha; Hennebelle, Thierry; Joha, Sami; Idziorek, Thierry; Preudhomme, Claude; Quesnel, Bruno; Sahpaz, Sevser; Bailleul, François
Source:
Phytochemistry 2008 v.69 no.17 pp. 2979-2983
ISSN:
0031-9422
Subject:
Ferula; sesquiterpenoids; esters; phytochemicals; chemical structure; spectral analysis; stereochemistry; cytotoxicity; anticarcinogenic activity; leukemia; cultured cells; humans; mice; Turkey (country)
Abstract:
... Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Ferula elaeochytris made it possible to isolate two sesquiterpene esters, 6-anthraniloyljaeschkeanadiol (elaeochytrin A) and 4β-hydroxy-6α-(p-hydroxybenzoyloxy)dauc-9-ene (elaeochytrin B), as well as eight known compounds: 6-angeloyljaeschkeanadiol, teferidin, ferutinin, 6-(p-hydroxybenzoyl)epoxyjaeschkeanadiol, 6-(p-hydroxybenzoyl)lancerotriol, 5-caffeo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.09.019

6. Aflatoxin B1 detoxification by CYP321A1 in Helicoverpa zea

Author:
Niu, Guodong; Wen, Zhimou; Rupasinghe, Sanjeewa G.; Zeng, Ren Sen; Berenbaum, May R.; Schuler, Mary A.
Source:
Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology 2008 v.69 no.1 pp. 32-45
ISSN:
0739-4462
Subject:
Helicoverpa zea; insect pests; plant pests; aflatoxins; metabolic detoxification; midgut; digestive enzymes; instars; larvae; phytochemicals; metabolites; cytochrome P-450; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; messenger RNA; gene expression; protein synthesis; coumarin; indoles; methoxsalen
Abstract:
... The polyphagous corn earworm Helicoverpa zea frequently encounters aflatoxins, mycotoxins produced by the pathogens Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, which infect many of this herbivore's host plants. While aflatoxin B1 metabolism by midgut enzymes isolated from fifth instars feeding on control diets was not detected, this compound was metabolized by midgut enzymes isolated from larvae consum ...
DOI:
10.1002/arch.20256
PubMed:
18615618

7. Albert Hofmann (1906-2008)--an obituary

Author:
Sticher, O.; Hamburger, M.
Source:
Planta medica 2008 v.74 no.8 pp. 791-793
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
medicinal plants; phytochemicals; chitin; enzymatic hydrolysis; Drimia maritima; glycosides; ergot alkaloids
DOI:
10.1055/s-2008-1081289
PubMed:
18600602

8. Alcohol Consumption by Aging Adults in the United States: Health Benefits and Detriments

Author:
Ferreira, Maria Pontes; Weems, M.K. Suzy
Source:
Journal of the American Dietetic Association 2008 v.108 no.10 pp. 1668-1676
ISSN:
0002-8223
Subject:
diet-related diseases; elderly; disease prevention; burden of disease; middle-aged adults; oxidative stress; nutrient-drug interactions; women; health promotion; alcohol abuse; Dietary Guidelines; men; phytochemicals; psychosocial factors; lifestyle; pharmacokinetics; mortality; per capita food consumption; dementia; nutrient-nutrient interactions; alcoholic beverages; gender differences; food choices; disease incidence; United States
Abstract:
... The most rapidly growing segment of the US population is that of older adults (>=65 years). Trends of aging adults (those aged >=50 years) show that fewer women than men consume alcohol, women consume less alcohol than men, and total alcohol intake decreases after retirement. A U- or J-shaped relationship between alcohol intake and mortality exists among middle-aged (age 45 to 65 years) and older ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jada.2008.07.011
PubMed:
18926132

9. Alkaloids from Daphniphyllum oldhami

Author:
Mu, S.Z.; Wang, J.S.; Yang, X.S.; He, H.P.; Li, C.S.; Di, Y.T.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Fang, X.; Huang, L.J.
Source:
Journal of natural products 2008 v.71 no.4 pp. 564-569
ISSN:
0163-3864
Subject:
Daphniphyllum; phytochemicals; quinolizidine alkaloids; chemical structure; spectral analysis; stereochemistry; medicinal properties; platelet aggregation; human health; China
DOI:
10.1021/np070512s
PubMed:
18288811

10. Alkaloids from Heimia salicifolia

Author:
Rumalla, C.S.; Jadhav, A.N.; Smillie, T.; Fronczek, F.R.; Khan, I.A.
Source:
Phytochemistry 2008 v.69 no.8 pp. 1756-1762
ISSN:
0031-9422
Subject:
Heimia salicifolia; medicinal plants; phytochemicals; alkaloids; chemical structure; spectral analysis; stereochemistry; Plasmodium falciparum; cytotoxicity
Abstract:
... Two alkaloids, 9β,2'-dihydroxy-4'',5''-dimethoxy-lythran-12-one or 9β-hydroxyvertine (1) and (2S,4S,10R)-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-quinolizidin-2-acetate (2), as well as seven known alkaloids, lythrine (3), dehydrodecodine (4), lythridine (5), vertine (6), heimidine (7), lyfoline (8) and epi-lyfoline (9), were isolated from Heimia salicifolia. The structures of these compounds were elucidated ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.01.028
PubMed:
18374955

11. Altered Profile of Secondary Metabolites in the Root Exudates of Arabidopsis ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter Mutants

Author:
Badri, Dayakar V.; Loyola-Vargas, Victor M.; Broeckling, Corey D.; De-la-Peña, Clelia; Jasinski, Michal; Santelia, Diana; Martinoia, Enrico; Sumner, Lloyd W.; Banta, Lois M.; Stermitz, Frank; Vivanco, Jorge M.
Source:
Plant physiology 2008 v.146 no.2 pp. 762-771
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
ABC transporters; Arabidopsis; amino acids; exudation; gas chromatography; genes; mass spectrometry; mutants; organic acids and salts; phytochemicals; root exudates; roots; secondary metabolites; secretion
Abstract:
... Following recent indirect evidence suggesting a role for ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in root exudation of phytochemicals, we identified 25 ABC transporter genes highly expressed in the root cells most likely to be involved in secretion processes. Of these 25 genes, we also selected six full-length ABC transporters and a half-size transporter for in-depth molecular and biochemical analy ...
DOI:
10.1104/pp.107.109587
PubMed:
18065561
PubMed Central:
PMC2245854

12. Analysis of ellagic acid in pomegranate rinds by capillary electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography

Author:
Zhou, Benhong; Wu, Zhenhua; Li, Xiaojun; Zhang, Jie; Hu, Xianming
Source:
Phytochemical analysis 2008 v.19 no.1 pp. 86-89
ISSN:
0958-0344
Subject:
Punica granatum; pomegranates; medicinal plants; Oriental traditional medicine; chemical constituents of plants; phytochemicals; ellagic acid; chemical analysis; capillary electrophoresis; high performance liquid chromatography; China
Abstract:
... Two novel methods for the analysis of ellagic acid in pomegranate (Punica granatum) rinds are proposed. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) was performed in a bare fused-silica capillary using a buffer solution of tri(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane:potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 8.4) with an applied voltage of 20 kV and UV detection at 254 nm. HPLC analysis was performed with a Zobax SB C₁₈ column and ...
DOI:
10.1002/pca.1054
PubMed:
18229889

13. Analysis of galanthamine-type alkaloids by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in plants

Author:
Berkov, Strahil; Bastida, Jaume; Viladomat, Francesc; Codina, Carles
Source:
Phytochemical analysis 2008 v.19 no.4 pp. 285-293
ISSN:
0958-0344
Subject:
Leucojum aestivum; Zephyranthes; Galanthus elwesii; Liliaceae; chemical constituents of plants; alkaloids; phytochemicals; cholinesterase inhibitors; acetylcholinesterase; chemical analysis; quantitative analysis; spectral analysis; mass spectrometry; capillary gas chromatography
Abstract:
... Galanthamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and galanthamine-type alkaloids are synthesised in different plants of the family Amaryllidaceae. A capillary gas chromatographic-mass spectroscopic (CGC-MS) method for the separation of 7 galanthamine type alkaloids, including galanthamine and epigalanthamine, is described in the present paper. A simple ...
DOI:
10.1002/pca.1028
PubMed:
18438759

14. Analysis of volatile constituents isolated by hydrodistillation and headspace solid-phase microextraction from Adenostyles briquetii Gamisans

Author:
Paolini, Julien; Nasica, Elodie; Desjobert, Jean-Marie; Muselli, Alain; Bernardini, Antoine-François; Costa, Jean
Source:
Phytochemical analysis 2008 v.19 no.3 pp. 266-276
ISSN:
0958-0344
Subject:
microextraction; phytochemicals; chemical analysis; volatile organic compounds; mass spectrometry; germacrene; Asteraceae; gas chromatography; Corsica
Abstract:
... The volatile fraction of the whole plant and separated organs of Adenostyles briquetii Gamisans (syn. Cacalia briquetii; family Asteraceae), an endemic species from Corsica, has been studied by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), GC and GC-MS(EI and CI). A total of 141 components were identified, representing 93% of the entire amount. The volatile fraction was characterised by sesquit ...
DOI:
10.1002/pca.1047
PubMed:
17994535

15. Analysis of withanolides in root and leaf of Withania somnifera by HPLC with photodiode array and evaporative light scattering detection

Author:
Chaurasiya, Narayan Das; Uniyal, Girish Chandra; Lal, Payare; Misra, Laxminarain; Sangwan, Neelam Singh; Tuli, Rakesh; Sangwan, Rajender Singh
Source:
Phytochemical analysis 2008 v.19 no.2 pp. 148-154
ISSN:
0958-0344
Subject:
Withania somnifera; medicinal plants; phytochemicals; ergosterol; chemical analysis; reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography
Abstract:
... A reversed-phase HPLC method for the simultaneous analysis of nine structurally similar withanolides, namely, 27-hydroxy withanone, 17-hydroxy withaferin A, 17-hydroxy-27-deoxy withaferin A, withaferin A, withanolide D, 27-hydroxy withanolide B, withanolide A, withanone and 27-deoxywithaferin A, has been developed using a linear binary gradient solvent system comprising methanol and water containi ...
DOI:
10.1002/pca.1029
PubMed:
17879227

16. Analytical investigation of styrax and benzoin balsams by HPLC- PAD-fluorimetry and GC-MS

Author:
Hovaneissian, Michael; Archier, Paul; Mathe, Carole; Culioli, Gérald; Vieillescazes, Catherine
Source:
Phytochemical analysis 2008 v.19 no.4 pp. 301-310
ISSN:
0958-0344
Subject:
oleoresins; gas chromatography; Liquidambar styraciflua; aromatic compounds; phytochemicals; Styrax; medicinal plants; chemical analysis; high performance liquid chromatography; spectral analysis; mass spectrometry; Hamamelidaceae
Abstract:
... An HPLC and GC study has been conducted on the aromatic oleoresins styrax and benzoin produced by several American, Mediterranean and East-Asian trees, and widely used in ancient civilisations for their therapeutic and odoriferous properties. Initial experiments were performed by HPLC-PAD-fluorimetry for the analysis of several aromatic components, and then completed by GC-MS for the characterisat ...
DOI:
10.1002/pca.1048
PubMed:
17994534

17. An arabinogalactan protein isolated from medium of cell suspension cultures of Silybum marianum (L.)Gaernt

Author:
Sánchez-Sampedro, M.A.; Pelaez, R.; Corchete, P.
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2008 v.71 no.4 pp. 634-639
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
arabinogalactans; proteins; cell culture; phytochemicals; Silybum marianum; secretion; kinetics; medicinal plants
Abstract:
... Cell suspension cultures of Silybum marianum secreted polymers extracellularly containing 97% carbohydrates and 3% proteins. Fractionation of polysaccharides by anion-exchange chromatography yielded an unbound neutral fraction composed of glucose, xylose, galactose, arabinose and rhamnose and a bound fraction in which galactose and arabinose were predominantly found. The bound fraction specificall ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.07.013

18. An ecofriendly approach to process rice bran for high quality rice bran oil using supercritical carbon dioxide for nutraceutical applications

Author:
Balachandran, C.; Mayamol, P.N.; Thomas, Shiny; Sukumar, Divya; Sundaresan, A.; Arumughan, C.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2008 v.99 no.8 pp. 2905-2912
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
carbon dioxide; color; glass; hexane; metals; models; oryzanol; phytochemicals; refining; rice bran; rice bran oil; sterols; temperature; waxes
Abstract:
... An integrated approach to extraction and refining of RBO using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) in order to preserve the nutritionally important phytochemicals is reported here. Process variables such as pressure, temperature, time, solvent flow rate and packing material on extraction yield and quality of RBO were investigated using a pilot model SC-CO₂ extraction system. Three isobaric (350, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.004
PubMed:
17669647

19. A novel nutraceutical property of select sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) brans: inhibition of protein glycation

Author:
Farrar, Johnetta L.; Hartle, Diane K.; Hargrove, James L.; Greenspan, Phillip
Source:
Phytotherapy research 2008 v.22 no.8 pp. 1052-1056
ISSN:
0951-418X
Subject:
glycation; albumins; staple foods; phytochemicals; disease prevention; grain sorghum; rice bran; wheat; insulin resistance; Sorghum bicolor; diabetes; antioxidant activity; ethanol; phenolic compounds
Abstract:
... Despite the high levels of polyphenolic phytochemicals in grain sorghum and its position as a major food staple, there has been a lack of research on its effects on both animal and human health and disease prevention. These phenolic compounds, mainly located in the bran fraction, result in the plant having substantial antioxidant properties. This study examined the effect of ethanol extracts of se ...
DOI:
10.1002/ptr.2431
PubMed:
18570276

20. Anthocleistenoloide, a new rearranged nor-secoiridoid derivative from the stem bark of Anthocleista vogelii

Author:
Tene, M.; Tane, P.; Kuiate, J.R.; De Dieu Tamokou, J.; Connolly, J.D.
Source:
Planta medica 2008 v.74 no.1 pp. 80-83
ISSN:
0032-0943
Subject:
phytochemicals; antifungal properties; medicinal plants; Anthocleista; human health; spectral analysis; secoiridoids; medicinal properties; chemical structure; stereochemistry; antibacterial properties
DOI:
10.1055/s-2007-993781