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You searched for: Publication year rev 8003-1997 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 8003-1997 Subject chitin Remove constraint Subject: chitin
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1. Characterization of a new antifungal chitin-binding peptide from sugar beet leaves

Author:
Nielsen, K.K.; Nielsen, J.E.; Madrid, S.M.; Mikkelsen, J.D.
Source:
Plant physiology 1997 v.113 no.1 pp. 83-91
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
plant pathogenic fungi; binding proteins; gene expression; disease resistance; cysteine; leaves; antifungal properties; protein composition; messenger RNA; complementary DNA; genetic code; amino acid sequences; pathogenicity; hevein; glycine (amino acid); Beta vulgaris; chitin; Cercospora beticola; flowers; physicochemical properties; nucleotide sequences; niacin; chitinase
Abstract:
... The intercellular washing fluid (IWF) from leaves of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) contains a number of proteins exhibiting in vitro antifungal activity against the devastating leaf pathogen Cercospora beticola (Sacc.). Among these, a potent antifungal peptide, designated IWF4, was identified. The 30-amino-acid residue sequence of IWF4 is rich in cysteines (6) and glycines (7) and has a highly bas ...
PubMed:
9008390
PubMed Central:
PMC158118

2. Cleavage of chitinous elicitors from the ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma crustuliniforme by host chitinases prevents induction of K+ and Cl- release, extracellular alkalinization and H2O2 synthesis of Picea abies cells

Author:
Salzer, P.; Hebe, G.; Hager, A.
Source:
Planta 1997 v.203 no.4 pp. 470-479
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
N-acetylglucosamine; cell wall components; ectomycorrhizae; plasma membrane; biosynthesis; hydrogen peroxide; ion transport; chlorides; receptors; Picea abies; defense mechanisms; potassium; alkalinization; phosphorylation; molecular weight; Hebeloma crustuliniforme; enzyme activity; chitin; chitinase
Abstract:
... Rapid reactions comprising efflux of K+ and Cl-, phosphorylation of a 63-kDa protein (pp63), extracellular alkalinization and synthesis of H2O2 are equally induced in cells of Picea abies (L.) Karst. by chitotetraose, colloidal chitin and cell wall elicitors from the ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma crustuliniforme (Bull. ex Fries.) Quel. an ectomycorrhizal partner of spruce. Cleavage of fungal cel ...
DOI:
10.1007/s004250050216

3. Conformational Behavior of Chitosan in the Acetate Salt: An X-Ray Study

Author:
Atsushi Yamamoto; Junpei Kawada; Toshifumi Yui; Kozo Ogawa
Source:
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 1997 v.61 no.7 pp. 1230-1232
ISSN:
1347-6947
Subject:
X-radiation; acetates; acetic acid; biotechnology; chitin; chitosan; crabs; solvents
Abstract:
... A well-defined X-ray fiber pattern of chitosan acetate was obtained by immersing a tendon chitosan, prepared from a crab tendon chitin by a solid-state N-deacetylation, in an aqueous acetic acid-isopropanol solution at 110°C. This pattern was very similar to that of chitosan salts with some inorganic acids, such as HF, HCl, and H₂SO₄, in which chitosan chains form an 8/5 helix, indicating that chi ...
DOI:
10.1271/bbb.61.1230

4. Dietary fibre content and composition of some edible fungi determined by two methods of analysis

Author:
Cheung, P.C.K.
Source:
Journal of the science of food and agriculture 1997 v.73 no.2 pp. 255-260
ISSN:
0022-5142
Subject:
hemicellulose; Auricularia polytricha; Agaricus bisporus; fiber content; Ganoderma lucidum; monosaccharides; pectins; chemical analysis; Auricularia auricula; crude protein; Tremella fuciformis; Poria; proximate composition; amino sugars; mushrooms; chitin
Abstract:
... Six common edible fungi from four orders of Basidiomycetes, namely Agaricus bisporus (Agaricales), Auricularia auricula and Auricularia polytricha (Auriculariales), Tremella fuciformis (Tremellates), Ganoderma lucidum and Poria cocos (Aphyllophorales), were analysed for their total dietary fibre (TDF) content using the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) method and for dietary fibre ...
DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199702)73:2<255::AID-JSFA723>3.0.CO;2-U

5. Differential induction of lipoxygenase isoforms in wheat upon treatment with rust fungus elicitor, chitin oligosaccharides, chitosan, and methyl jasmonate

Author:
Bohland, C.; Balkenhohl, T.; Loers, G.; Feussner, I.; Grambow, H.J.
Source:
Plant physiology 1997 v.114 no.2 pp. 679-685
ISSN:
0032-0889
Subject:
protein synthesis; dose response; chitosan; seedlings; jasmonic acid; linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase; Puccinia graminis; Triticum aestivum; leaves; plant pathogenic fungi; oligosaccharides; chitin; enzyme activity; isozymes; protein composition
Abstract:
... A glycopeptide elicitor prepared from germ tubes of the rust fungus Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Erikss. & Henn (Pgt),as well as chitin oligosaccharides, chitosan, and methyl jasmonate (MJ) stimulated lipoxygenase (LOX) activity (E.C. 1.13.11.12) in wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves. Immunoblot analysis using anti-LOX antibodies revealed the induction of 92- and 103-kD LOX species after P ...

6. Distinct response of Medicago suspension cultures and roots to Nod factors and chitin oligomers in the elicitation of defense-related responses

Author:
Savoure, A.; Sallaud, C.; El-Turk, J.; Zuanazzi, J.; Ratet, P.; Schultze, M.; Kondorosi, A.; Esnault, R.; Kondorosi, E.
Source:
plant journal 1997 v.11 no.2 pp. 277-287
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
callus; messenger RNA; isoflavones; naringenin-chalcone synthase; chemical constituents of plants; Medicago sativa; Ensifer meliloti; biochemical pathways; gene expression; peroxidases; cell wall components; nodulation; pathogenesis-related proteins; oligosaccharides; roots; cell suspension culture; chitin; defense mechanisms
Abstract:
... The induction of plant defense-related responses by chitin oligomers and the Rhizobium meliloti lipo-chito-oligosaccharide nodulation signals (Nod factors) in Medicago cell cultures and roots was investigated by following the expression of genes encoding enzymes of the isoflavonoid biosynthetic pathway, such as chalcone synthase, chalcone reductase, isoflavone reductase, as well as genes encoding ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-313X.1997.11020277.x

7. Effect of Hexaflumuron, a Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor, on Mating Success of Three Species of Vector Mosquitoes

Author:
Venkatesan Vasuki
Source:
International journal of tropical insect science 1997 v.17 no.2 pp. 265-268
ISSN:
1742-7592
Subject:
Aedes aegypti; Anopheles stephensi; Culex quinquefasciatus; adults; chitin; females; hexaflumuron; insemination; instars; larvae; males; pupae; reproductive success
Abstract:
... The effect of hexaflumuron, a chitin synthesis inhibitor, on the mating success of three species of vector mosquitoes, namely Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi, was investigated. The three species were exposed to concentrations giving 5% and 50% inhibition of emergence (EI₅ and EI₅₀, respectively) at the fourth instar and to 0.005 and 0.05 mg /1 hexaflumuron at the pupa ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1742758400016465

8. Elicitor Actions of N-Acetylchitooligosaccharides and Laminarioligosaccharides for Chitinase and l-Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase Induction in Rice Suspension Culture

Author:
Hiroshi Inui; Yasuhiro Yamaguchi; Shigehiro Hirano
Source:
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 1997 v.61 no.6 pp. 975-978
ISSN:
1347-6947
Subject:
biotechnology; chitin; chitinase; chitosan; dose response; elicitors; oligosaccharides; phenylalanine; rice
Abstract:
... When a series of chitin oligosaccharides was added into a rice suspension culture, N-acetylchito- hexaose, N-acetylchitopentaose, and N-acetylchitotetraose caused an increase in extracellular chitinase activity, mainly due to induction of a class III chitinase. In the case of N-acetylchitohexaose, a substantial increase in the chitinase activity was observed at a concentration higher than 0.01 μg/ ...
DOI:
10.1271/bbb.61.975

9. Membrane depolarization induced by N-acetylchitooligosaccharide elicitor in suspension-cultured rice cells

Author:
Kikuyama, M.; Kuchitsu, K.; Shibuya, N.
Source:
Plant & cell physiology 1997 v.38 no.8 pp. 902-909
ISSN:
0032-0781
Subject:
Oryza sativa; cell suspension culture; cytoplasm; cell membranes; membrane potential; measurement; oligosaccharides; chitin; metabolites; defense mechanisms; phytoalexins; biosynthesis; chlorides; dose response; calcium; ionophores; ion transport; anaerobic conditions; azides; proton pump
Abstract:
... N-acetylchitooligosaccharides (fragments of chitin) elicit defense responses, including phytoalexin production, in suspension-cultured rice cells. They induced rapid and transient membrane depolarization accompanied by a transient increase in net Cl- -efflux. The membrane depolarization was not affected by anaerobiosis or azide, suggesting that the major part of the depolarization was mediated by ...
DOI:
10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029250

10. Natural 15N abundance in fruit bodies of ectomycorrhizal fungi from boreal forests

Author:
ANDREW F. S. TAYLOR; LARS HÖGBOM; MONA HÖGBERG; ANTHONY J. E. LYON; TORGNY NÄSHOLM; PETER HÖGBERG
Source:
new phytologist 1997 v.136 no.4 pp. 713-720
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
Amanita muscaria; mycorrhizal fungi; boreal forests; soil depth; stable isotopes; nitrogen content; Leccinum; Polyporales; Suillus bovinus; amino acids; Suillus variegatus; metabolism; host plants; ammonium compounds; fruiting bodies; chitin; Lactarius rufus; ectomycorrhizae; nitrogen; protein content; nitrates; Sweden
Abstract:
... The ¹⁵N natural abundance and N concentrations of fruit bodies from 70 species (23 genera) of ectomycorrhizal fungi found in boreal forests are presented. Large intraspecific and intrageneric differences were found, e.g. 8.3‰¹⁵N in the species Dermocybe crocea and 12.6‰ in the genus Cortinarius. In addition, significant differences in both δ¹⁵N and %N were found between different parts of fruit bo ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00788.x

11. Post harvest technology of shrimp: review of Indonesian experience

Author:
Irianto, H.E.; Giyatmi.
Source:
Journal of aquatic food product technology 1997 v.6 no.1 pp. 5-20
ISSN:
1049-8850
Subject:
shrimp; postharvest treatment; fish processing; waste utilization; chitin; fish products; protein hydrolysates; food quality; microbial contamination; shelf life; Indonesia
DOI:
10.1300/J030v06n01_02

12. Purification and Characterization of the Chitinase (ChiA) from Enterobacter sp. G-l

Author:
Jae Kweon Park; Kenji Morita; Ikuo Fukumoto; Yukikazu Yamasaki; Tsuyoshi Nakagawa; Makoto Kawamukai; Hideyuki Matsuda
Source:
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 1997 v.61 no.4 pp. 684-689
ISSN:
1347-6947
Subject:
Enterobacter; Salvia hispanica; ammonium sulfate; biotechnology; calcium; carboxymethylcellulose; chitin; chitinase; chitosan; culture filtrates; fractionation; gel chromatography; isoelectric point; molecular weight; pH; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; temperature
Abstract:
... Entevobacter sp. G-1 which produces chitinolytic and chitosanolytic enzymes, was previously isolated in our laboratory. One major chitinase, designated ChiA, was purified 42.9-fold from a culture filtrate of Entevobacter sp. G-L To purify the chitinase, ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatography, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 column chromatography were used. Th ...
DOI:
10.1271/bbb.61.684

13. Rapid, plateau-like increases in intracellular free calcium are associated with Nod-factor-induced root-hair deformation

Author:
Gehring, C.A.; Irving, H.R.; Kabbara, A.A.; Parish, R.W.; Boukli, N.M.; Broughton, W.J.
Source:
Molecular plant-microbe interactions 1997 v.10 no.7 pp. 791-802
ISSN:
0894-0282
Subject:
Arabidopsis thaliana; Vigna unguiculata; rhizosphere; chemical constituents of plants; calcium; Ensifer meliloti; root hairs; Rhizobium; nodulation; oligosaccharides; chitin; inorganic ions
Abstract:
... Rhizobia excrete variously substituted lipo-oligosaccharide Nod factors into the legume rhizosphere. Homologous legumes respond to these signals through deformation of the root hairs and the development of nodulation foci in the root cortex. Cellular events in root hairs from the susceptible zone of nearly mature root hairs were studied in root segments loaded with the calcium indicators Fura-2 or ...
DOI:
10.1094/MPMI.1997.10.7.791

14. Utilisation of squilla meal (a novel animal protein source) by broilers

Author:
Reddy, V.R.; Qudratullah, S.
Source:
British poultry science 1997 v.38 no.3 pp. 263-269
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
proximate composition; broiler chickens; duodenum; raw foods; cecum; liveweight gain; amino acids; jejunum; length; digestible protein; ileum; feed conversion; corn; soybean meal; fish meal; autoclaving; chitin; diet; dosage; protein intake; protein content
Abstract:
... 1. The nutritive value of squilla meal, which contained 339 g crude protein, 18.6 g ether extract, 72.8 g calcium, 17.2 g phosphorus and 7.13 MJ of apparent metabolisable energy/kg, was examined in 5 experiments with broilers. 2. Squilla meal contained less lysine (3.45 vs 6.74 g/16g nitrogen) and methionine (1.02 vs 1.86/16 g nitrogen) than fish meal, had a lower protein digestibility coefficient ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071669708417984
PubMed:
9280352

15. The biology of mycorrhiza in the Ericaceae: XIX. Fungal mycelium as a nitrogen source for the ericoid mycorrhizal fungus Hymenoscyphus ericae and its host plants

Author:
SIMON J. KERLEY; DAVID J. READ
Source:
new phytologist 1997 v.136 no.4 pp. 691-701
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
heathland soils; ectomycorrhizae; endomycorrhizae; nitrogen content; mycorrhizal fungi; plant litter; nitrogen; Ascomycota; soil chemistry; ammonium compounds; organic horizons; Suillus bovinus; Vaccinium macrocarpon; Calluna vulgaris; biomass; mycelium; chitin; England
Abstract:
... Measurements of the chitin content of the rooting horizons of a typical mor‐humus heathland soil, indicate that chitin can contain in excess of 20% of the total nitrogen in the litter (L) horizon and 30% in the fermentation (F) horizon. Much of this chitin‐nitrogen is thought to be contained in the mycelial walls of soil fungi. Experiments were therefore designed to test the hypothesis that such s ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00778.x

16. A novel two-phase composting process using shrimp shells as an amendment to partly composted biomass

Author:
Roy, S.; Leclerc, P.; Auger, F.; Soucy, G.; Moresoli, C.; Cote, L.; Potvin, D.; Beaulieu, C.; Brzezinski, R.
Source:
Compost science & utilization 1997 v.5 no.4 pp. 52-64
ISSN:
1065-657X
Subject:
ammonium nitrogen; monitoring; composts; sawdust; cattle manure; waste utilization; raw materials; microorganisms; excreta; urea; biodegradation; shrimp; mixtures; microbial activity; composting; chitin
DOI:
10.1080/1065657X.1997.10701898