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You searched for: Publication Year 2020 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2020 Subject term air Remove constraint Subject term: air Subject term X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Remove constraint Subject term: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
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1. A facile, fast, and low-cost method for fabrication of micro/nano-textured superhydrophobic surfaces

Author:
Amir R. Esmaeili; Noshin Mir; Reza Mohammadi
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2020 v.573 pp. 317-327
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; coatings; confocal laser scanning microscopy; contact angle; dipping; droplets; ethanol; glass; heat; hydrophobicity; melting; paper; pulp and paper industry; scanning electron microscopy; solidification; temperature
Abstract:
... Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) is frequently used in paper industry as an inexpensive sizing agent. The formation of a porous structure after curing the solidified AKD for an extra-long time (4–6 days) results in superhydrophobicity. In this study, a facile and low-cost method was utilized to turn the surface of AKD superhydrophobic in a very short period of time.We fabricated superhydrophobic coatings ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.027

2. A series of new layered lithium europium(II) oxoniobates(V) and -tantalates(V)

Author:
Christian Funk; Jürgen Köhler; Thomas Schleid
Source:
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2020 v.75 no.1-2 pp. 201-208
ISSN:
1865-7117
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; ambient temperature; carbonates; cations; europium; furnaces; lithium; magnetism; oxidation; oxides; oxygen; potassium
Abstract:
... The new Ruddlesden-Popper-related phases Aₙ₊₁BₙO₃ₙ₊₁ (n = 3) with the compositions Li₂Eu₂Nb₃O₁₀, Li₂Eu₁.₅Ta₃O₁₀, Li₂EuKNb₃O₁₀, and Li₂EuKTa₃O₁₀ were synthesized by solid-state reactions from Li₂[CO₃] (+ K₂[CO₃]) and the corresponding refractory metals along with their oxides in a high-frequency furnace at temperatures above T = 1600°C. Their structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray ...
DOI:
10.1515/znb-2019-0190

3. Adsorption Mechanism and Structure-Performance Relationship of Chromium Ions by Biochar

Author:
Menghong Li; Xiaoli Guo; Ying Wei; Aiju Liu; Jie Lu; Xiaoyin Niu; Yanfei Ma; Shuang Li; Zhenxiao Shang; Xinpeng Liu
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2020 v.231 no.10 pp. 517
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; air; biochar; carbon; carbonates; chelation; chromium; coprecipitation; electrostatic interactions; ion exchange; soil pollution; titration; water
Abstract:
... In order to further explore the adsorption mechanism of chromium ion by biochar, organic components (OCs) and inorganic components (ICs) of biochar (RC) were prepared, and adsorption experiments of chromium ions by these types of carbon (RC, OC, IC) were performed. The three types of carbon were characterized before and after adsorption of chromium ions, using Fourier transform infrared spectrosco ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-020-04875-6

4. Adsorption of ferulic acid from an alkali-pretreated hydrolysate using a new effective adsorbent prepared by a thermal processing method

Author:
Jinju Hou; Shudong Zhang; Xiaotong Zhang; Shujia Liu; Qiuzhuo Zhang
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2020 v.392 pp. 122281
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; air; alkali treatment; bioethanol; endothermy; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; ferulic acid; heat treatment; hydrogen bonding; hydrolysates; hydrolysis; ion exchange; models; rice straw; scanning electron microscopy; surface area; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... A new adsorbent (AEPA₂₅₀) was prepared using the enzymatic hydrolyzed residue of rice straw in an air environment at 250 ℃ by a thermal processing method. Compared to the commercial adsorbent, AEPA₂₅₀ possessed a larger specific surface area of 277.680 m² g⁻¹, and the maximum adsorption efficiency of ferulic acid from alkali-pretreated hydrolysate of rice straw achieved 70.33 % at the optimum cond ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122281

5. Amorphous Cobalt Selenite Nanoparticles Decorated on a Graphitic Carbon Hollow Shell for High-Rate and Ultralong Cycle Life Lithium-Ion Batteries

Author:
Gi Dae Park; Yun Chan Kang
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 2020 v.8 no.48 pp. 17707-17717
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; cobalt; electrical conductivity; electrochemistry; graphene; green chemistry; metalloids; nanospheres; oxidation; selenites; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Transition metal compounds with complex compositions forming heterointerfaces during cycling are under development on account of their excellent electrochemical properties. Herein, a new synthesis strategy is successfully developed for uniquely structured hollow carbon nanospheres comprising amorphous CoSeOₓ nanoparticles. A drop-and-dry infiltration method is applied to synthesize metal salt-infi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c05658

6. Aqueous solution photocatalytic synthesis of p-anisaldehyde by using graphite-like carbon nitride photocatalysts obtained via the hard-templating route

Author:
Raquel A. Fernandes; Maria J. Sampaio; Joaquim L. Faria; Cláudia G. Silva
Source:
RSC advances 2020 v.10 no.33 pp. 19431-19442
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; absorption; air; alcohols; aqueous solutions; carbon nitride; dicyandiamide; free radicals; irradiation; nitrogen; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; porous media; redox reactions; scanning electron microscopy; silica; superoxide anion; surface area
Abstract:
... Graphite-like carbon nitride (GCN)-based materials were developed via the hard-templating route, using dicyandiamide as the GCN precursor and silica templates. That resulted in urchin-like GCN (GCN-UL), 3D ordered macroporous GCN (GCN-OM) and mesoporous GCN (GCN-MP). The introduction of silica templates during GCN synthesis produced physical defects on its surface, as confirmed by SEM analysis, in ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ra02746d

7. Biochar from Rice Straw for Cu2+ Removal from Aqueous Solutions: Mechanism and Contribution Made by Acid-Soluble Minerals

Author:
Yanglu Mei; Bin Li; Shisuo Fan
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2020 v.231 no.8 pp. 420
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; air; ambient temperature; aqueous solutions; biochar; calcium; copper; electrostatic interactions; kinetics; models; pH; rice straw; soil; soil pollution; sorption isotherms; tetracycline; wastewater; water
Abstract:
... Biochar is a promising material for removing metal ions from water and soil through adsorption. In this study, rice straw was pyrolyzed to prepare biochars at 300 °C (RSBC300), 500 °C (RSBC500), and 700 °C (RSBC700) in an oxygen-limited atmosphere. The biochars were used in batch experiments for adsorption of copper (Cu) ions in aqueous solution. The influence of various environmental conditions, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-020-04791-9

8. Boosting the catalytic activity of natural magnetite for wet peroxide oxidation

Author:
Silvia Álvarez-Torrellas; Macarena Munoz; Victor Mondejar; Zahara M. de Pedro; Jose A. Casas
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2020 v.27 no.2 pp. 1176-1185
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; catalysts; catalytic activity; equations; hydrogen; hydrogen peroxide; iron; magnetite; models; oxidation; pH; pollutants; reaction mechanisms; scanning electron microscopy; stoichiometry; sulfamethoxazole; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... This work explores the modification of naturally occurring magnetite by controlled oxidation (200–400 °C, air atmosphere) and reduction (300–600 °C, H₂ atmosphere) treatments with the aim of boosting its activity in CWPO. The resulting materials were fully characterized by XRD, XPS, TGA, TPR, SEM, and magnetization measurements, allowing to confirm the development of core-shell type structures. Th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-018-2171-3

9. Chemical Looping Combustion Related Processes Using Solid Oxygen Carriers Oxidized in CO₂ Atmosphere

Author:
Bronisław Psiuk; Józef Wojsa; Anna Gerle; Tamara Pochwała; Jacek Szade; Jacek Podwórny
Source:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering 2020 v.27 no.4 pp. 579-589
ISSN:
1898-6196
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; carbon; carbon dioxide; combustion; oxygen; thermogravimetry; toxicity
Abstract:
... Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is an attractive process in CO₂ capture, especially when solid oxygen carriers are used in it. The main requirements for oxygen-transporting materials include appropriate oxidation (in air) and reduction (in the presence of fuel) ability. In the paper a conceptual proposition for CLC-related processes with the application of solid oxygen carriers oxidized in both ...
DOI:
10.2478/eces-2020-0036

10. Chemical Surface Reactivity and Morphological Changes of Bismuth Triiodide (BiI₃) under Different Environmental Conditions

Author:
Bettina Wagner; Andrea Huttner; Daniel Bischof; Annikka Engel; Gregor Witte; Johanna Heine
Source:
Langmuir 2020 v.36 no.23 pp. 6458-6464
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; atomic force microscopy; bismuth; hydrolysis; oxygen; solar energy
Abstract:
... Layered metal halides like BiI₃ are of current interest in connection with both 2D materials and photovoltaics. Here, we present a facile new method for the preparation of millimeter-sized BiI₃ single crystals. We use these crystals to study the surface reactivity of their (001) cleavage planes toward various environmental conditions by measuring morphological changes using atomic force microscopy ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00740

11. Comparison of flotation performances of low-rank coal with lower ash content using air and oily bubbles

Author:
Shiwei Wang; Kaifang Liu; Xiangchuan Ma; Xiuxiang Tao
Source:
Powder technology 2020 v.374 pp. 443-448
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; ash content; coal; energy; hydrophobicity; technology; zeta potential
Abstract:
... The attachment interaction in a flotation process is critical because it controls the recovery of mineral particles and is dominated by the interaction energy barrier between bubbles and solid particles. In this investigation, the surface properties of coal particles and oily bubbles were evaluated via the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, zeta potential measurement and induction ti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2020.07.058

12. Correlation between Surface Chemistry and Optical Properties in Colloidal Cu₂O Nanoparticles

Author:
Mehrin Tariq; Melissa D. Koch; Jordan W. Andrews; Kathryn E. Knowles
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2020 v.124 no.8 pp. 4810-4819
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; carbon dioxide; cathodes; copper; copper nanoparticles; cuprous oxide; models; nanocrystals; optical properties; oxidation; photocatalysis; physical chemistry; protons; selenium; spectral analysis; sulfur; surface plasmon resonance; tellurium
Abstract:
... Nanostructured Cu₂O can catalyze or photocatalyze various organic transformations and is a model photocathode for the reduction of protons or carbon dioxide. The performance of Cu₂O nanomaterials in these applications depends crucially on their surface chemistry and optical properties. Here, we demonstrate that the absorption spectrum of colloidal Cu₂O nanocrystals depends strongly on the oxidatio ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10753

13. Cu(ii) vitamin C tunes photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ nanoparticles for visible light-driven aerobic oxidation of benzylic alcohols

Author:
Narges Pourmorteza; Maasoumeh Jafarpour; Fahimeh Feizpour; Abdolreza Rezaeifard
Source:
RSC advances 2020 v.10 no.20 pp. 12053-12059
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; alcohols; ascorbic acid; copper; copper nanoparticles; light; nanohybrids; oxidation; oxygen; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; reflectance spectroscopy; spectral analysis; thermogravimetry; titanium dioxide; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... The incorporation of Cu(OAc)₂ into ascorbic acid coated TiO₂ nanoparticles easily provided a new heterogeneous visible-light active titania-based photocatalyst (TiO₂-AA-Cu(ii)) which was characterized by different techniques such as FT-IR, XPS, ICP-AES, TGA and TEM. A red-shift of the band-edge and a reduction of the band-gap (2.8 eV vs. 3.08 for TiO₂) were demonstrated by UV-DRS and Tauc plots. T ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ra00075b

14. Device Architecture Study in Fullerene-Based Organic Photovoltaics

Author:
Lakshmi N. S. Murthy; Boya Zhang; Julia W. P. Hsu
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2020 v.124 no.24 pp. 12982-12989
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; capacitors; physical chemistry; separation; solar cells; solar energy
Abstract:
... The effect of device architecture on the performance of fullerene-based organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices has not been investigated so far. Here, we performed experimental and simulation studies on fullerene-based OPVs with conventional and inverted architectures to understand the contributions from photogeneration of carriers, carrier mobility, and vertical phase separation. Charge transfer from ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c02956

15. Dual-Doped Cubic Garnet Solid Electrolytes with Superior Air Stability

Author:
Ljalem Hadush Abrha; Tesfaye Teka Hagos; Yosef Nikodimos; Hailemariam Kassa Bezabh; Gebregziabher Brhane Berhe; Teklay Mezgebe Hagos; Chen-Jui Huang; Wodaje Addis Tegegne; Shi-Kai Jiang; Haile Hisho Weldeyohannes; She-Huang Wu; Wei-Nien Su; Bing Joe Hwang
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.23 pp. 25709-25717
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; anodes; calcium; drying; electrochemistry; electrolytes; lithium; pellets; zirconium
Abstract:
... Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) garnet is one kind of solid electrolyte drawing extensive attention due to its good ionic conductivity, safety, and stability toward lithium metal anodes. However, the stability problem during synthesis and storage results in high interfacial resistance and prevents it from practical applications. We synthesized air-stable dual-doped Li₆.₀₅La₃Ga₀.₃Zr₁.₉₅Nb₀.₀₅O₁₂ ((Ga, Nb)-LLZO ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c01289

16. Effect of DCSBD plasma treatment distance on surface characteristics of wood and thermally modified wood

Author:
R. Talviste; O. Galmiz; M. Stupavská; J. Ráhel’
Source:
Wood science and technology 2020 v.54 no.3 pp. 651-665
ISSN:
0043-7719
Subject:
Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica; Gibbs free energy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; carbon dioxide; cellulose; electrodes; heat treatment; hemicellulose; hydrophobicity; paper; wettability; wood
Abstract:
... This study focused on plasma treatment of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and heat-treated European beech surfaces with varying distance from the planar electrode of the diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge. In addition to the treatment in the air, plasma treatment was also carried out in O₂, CO₂, N₂ and Ar atmospheres. Treatment was differentiated between treatment in the active plasma zon ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00226-020-01175-4

17. Effect of Tungsten Modification on Zirconium Phosphate-Supported Pt Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenolysis of Glycerol to 1-Propanol

Author:
Ruihan Luo; Xiuge Zhao; Honghui Gong; Wei Qian; Difan Li; Manyu Chen; Kai Cui; Jiajia Wang; Zhenshan Hou
Source:
Energy & fuels 2020 v.34 no.7 pp. 8707-8717
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
1-propanol; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; acidity; acrolein; air; ammonia; biomass; catalysts; catalytic activity; desorption; dissociation; energy; glycerol; hydrogenation; phosphates; pyridines; surface area; sustainable development; transmission electron microscopy; tungsten; zirconium
Abstract:
... Hydrogenolysis of glycerol to propanols is highly promising for the sustainable development of biomass refining. In this work, modified amorphous zirconium phosphate (ZrP)-supported Pt catalysts were developed and characterized thoroughly by X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia, Fourier transform infrared spectra of adsorbed pyridine, temperature-programmed reduction, hi ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00645

18. Effect of incineration temperature on chromium speciation in real chromium-rich tannery sludge under air atmosphere

Author:
Yonglin Yang; Hongrui Ma; Xiangping Chen; Chao Zhu; Xiaojie Li
Source:
Environmental research 2020 v.183 pp. 109159
ISSN:
0013-9351
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; chromic oxide; chromium; crystallites; differential scanning calorimetry; hazardous waste; heavy metals; phase transition; risk; scanning electron microscopy; silica; tannery waste; temperature; thermal properties; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... As a hazardous waste, the disposal of chromium enriched tannery sludge has attracted increasing public concern due to its potential adverse risks towards the environment. And incineration is considered to be an effective method to stabilize heavy metals, like Cr, in solid phase during tannery sludge treatment. In this study, real chromium enriched tannery sludge without pre-treatment was incinerat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envres.2020.109159

19. Electroactive Manganese Oxide–Reduced Graphene Oxide Interfaced Electrochemical Detection of Urea

Author:
Priyannth Ramasami Sundhar Baabu; Manju Bhargavi Gumpu; Noel Nesakumar; John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan; Arockia Jayalatha Kulandaisamy
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2020 v.231 no.11 pp. 545
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
World Health Organization; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; biosensors; biuret; detection limit; electrochemistry; electron transfer; graphene oxide; manganese; nanocomposites; nitrogen fertilizers; plant growth; soil pollution; surface area; urea; urease; voltammetry; water
Abstract:
... Urea, being a nitrogen fertilizer, is crucial for plant growth but when excessively provided (above biuret 2% levels specified by the World Health Organization), plant characteristics are deeply affected. A real-time sensor to check the presence of excess urea in plants is therefore necessary. Towards this goal, a manganese oxide–reduced graphene oxide composite was synthesized by modified Hummer’ ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-020-04899-y

20. Electronic and Catalytic Effects of Single-Atom Pd Additives on the Hydrogen Sensing Properties of Co₃O₄ Nanoparticle Films

Author:
Kenji Koga
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.18 pp. 20806-20823
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; additives; air; alloys; catalytic activity; cobalt; cobalt oxide; electrons; hydrogen; nanoparticles; oxygen; palladium
Abstract:
... Atomically dispersed Pd additives significantly enhanced the hydrogen sensing performance of a Co₃O₄ nanoparticle film, and their electronic along with catalytic roles were comprehensively investigated based on a series of systematic experiments. Aggregates of Co₃O₄ nanoparticles (approximately 3 nm in size) with homogeneously dispersed Pd additives at concentrations in the range of 1–20% (on a mo ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.9b23290

21. Engineering the interfacial chemistry and mechanical properties of cellulose-reinforced epoxy composites using atomic layer deposition (ALD)

Author:
Jamie P. Wooding; Yi Li; Kyriaki Kalaitzidou; Mark D. Losego
Source:
Cellulose 2020 v.27 no.11 pp. 6275-6285
ISSN:
0969-0239
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adhesion; air; aluminum oxide; carbon; cellulose; epoxides; heat; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; modulus of elasticity; oxidants; paper; permeability; tensile strength; titanium; weight loss
Abstract:
... Automotive and aerospace industries require new lightweight materials that enhance payload and improve efficiency via vehicle weight reduction. Employing composites, such as fiber-reinforced polymers, is a common approach to reducing vehicle component weight. In this work, we examine the use of atomic layer deposition (ALD) to alter the interfacial chemistry in cellulose-reinforced epoxy composite ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10570-020-03188-5

22. Enhanced and switchable silicon-vacancy photoluminescence in air-annealed nanocrystalline diamond films

Author:
Bing Yang; Biao Yu; Haining Li; Nan Huang; Lusheng Liu; Xin Jiang
Source:
Carbon 2020 v.156 pp. 242-252
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; annealing; emissions factor; hydrogen; light traps; models; nanocrystals; nanodiamonds; oxidation; oxygen; photoluminescence; silicon; temperature; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Silicon vacancy (SiV) centers in CVD-deposited nanodiamond particles or films always exhibit a photoluminescent (PL)-quenching behavior. Herein, in order to overcome this issue, air annealing of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films with uniform doping of Si atoms is employed to improve the PL emission efficiency of SiV centers. Without severe mass loss in diamond, SiV centers exhibit an increased P ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2019.09.054

23. Fabrication and photoelectrochemical activity of hierarchically Porous TiO2–ZnO heterojunction film

Author:
Hasmat Khan; Srikrishna Samanta; Malobi Seth; Sunirmal Jana
Source:
Journal of materials science 2020 v.55 no.26 pp. 11907-11918
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; electric current; glass; light; macropores; nanocrystals; opal; porous media; tin; titanium
Abstract:
... For the first time, we report the fabrication of hierarchically (macro with nested meso) porous nanocrystalline TiO₂–ZnO heterojunction film onto fluorine-doped tin oxide-coated glass substrate by colloidal crystal templating technique using poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) spheres as template. Accordingly, the precursor solutions of titanium isopropoxide and zinc acetate dihydrate in the presence ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-020-04858-2

24. Facile and Reversible Carrier-Type Manipulation of Layered MoTe₂ Toward Long-Term Stable Electronics

Author:
Mengjiao Li; Che-Yi Lin; Yuan-Ming Chang; Shih-Hsien Yang; Mu-Pai Lee; Ciao-Fen Chen; Ko-Chun Lee; Feng-Shou Yang; Yi Chou; Yi-Chun Lin; Keiji Ueno; Yumeng Shi; Yi-Chia Chou; Kazuhito Tsukagoshi; Yen-Fu Lin
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.38 pp. 42918-42924
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; electronics; energy; molybdenum
Abstract:
... Flexible manipulation of the carrier transport behaviors in two-dimensional materials determines their values of practical application in logic circuits. Here, we demonstrated the carrier-type manipulation in field-effect transistors (FETs) containing α-phase molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe₂) by a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process in dry air for hole-dominated and electron-beam (EB) treatment for ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c09922

25. Free-Standing Carbon Nanofibers Protected by a Thin Metallic Iridium Layer for Extended Life-Cycle Li–Oxygen Batteries

Author:
Jong Seok Nam; Ji-Won Jung; Doo-Young Youn; Su-Ho Cho; Jun Young Cheong; Min Soo Kim; Seok-Won Song; Sang-Joon Kim; Il-Doo Kim
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.50 pp. 55756-55765
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; carbon; carbon nanofibers; catalysts; cathodes; electrochemistry; energy density; iridium; longevity; oxygen production; pollution; reaction mechanisms; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... It is evident that the exhaustive use of fossil fuels for decades has significantly contributed to global warming and environmental pollution. To mitigate the harm on the environment, lithium–oxygen batteries (LOBs) with a high theoretical energy density (3458 Wh kg–¹Li₂O₂) compared to that of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have been considered as an attractive alternative to fossil fuels. For this purpo ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c13325

26. Gram-scale synthesis of ultra-fine Cu₂O for highly efficient ozone decomposition

Author:
Shuyan Gong; Anqi Wang; Jilai Zhang; Jian Guan; Ning Han; Yunfa Chen
Source:
RSC advances 2020 v.10 no.9 pp. 5212-5219
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; aluminum; catalysts; catalytic activity; desorption; ozone; particle size; relative humidity
Abstract:
... Nowadays, it is necessary and challenging to prepare Cu₂O in a large scale for various applications such as catalysis due to its excellent properties. Here, gram-scale Cu₂O with nm size is successfully prepared using a simple liquid-phase reduction method at 25 °C. The amount of NaOH is found to be the key factor to determine the particle size of Cu₂O by modifying the complexation and reduction re ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9ra09873a

27. High-Energy Density Li–O₂ Battery with a Polymer Electrolyte-Coated CNT Electrode via the Layer-by-Layer Method

Author:
Hyunpyo Lee; Dong Joon Lee; Mokwon Kim; Hyunjin Kim; Young Shik Cho; Hyuk Jae Kwon; Heung Chan Lee; Chong Rae Park; Dongmin Im
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.15 pp. 17385-17395
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; anodes; carbon; carbon nanotubes; catalysts; cathodes; chlorides; coatings; energy; ionic liquids; ions; lithium; lithium batteries; nitrogen; oxygen; polymers; porosity; quaternary ammonium compounds; specific energy; thermogravimetry; vapors
Abstract:
... Li–O₂ batteries have attracted considerable attention for several decades due to their high theoretical energy density (>3400 Wh/kg). However, it has not been clearly demonstrated that their actual volumetric and gravimetric energy densities are higher than those of Li-ion batteries. In previous studies, a considerable quantity of electrolyte was usually employed in preparing Li–O₂ cells. In gener ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.9b21962

28. How Oxygen Exposure Improves the Back Contact and Performance of Antimony Selenide Solar Cells

Author:
Nicole Fleck; Oliver S. Hutter; Laurie J. Phillips; Huw Shiel; Theodore D. C. Hobson; Vin R. Dhanak; Tim D. Veal; Frank Jäckel; Ken Durose; Jonathan D. Major
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.47 pp. 52595-52602
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; antimony; films (materials); oxidation; oxygen; selenides; solar cells
Abstract:
... The improvement of antimony selenide solar cells by short-term air exposure is explained using complementary cell and material studies. We demonstrate that exposure to air yields a relative efficiency improvement of n-type Sb₂Se₃ solar cells of ca. 10% by oxidation of the back surface and a reduction in the back contact barrier height (measured by J–V–T) from 320 to 280 meV. X-ray photoelectron sp ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c14256

29. Immobilization of perrhenate using synthetic pyrite particles: Effectiveness and remobilization potential

Author:
Ting Wang; Tianwei Qian; Dongye Zhao; Xiaona Liu; Qingwei Ding
Source:
Science of the total environment 2020 v.725 pp. 138423
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
EDTA (chelating agent); X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; aerobic conditions; air; anaerobic conditions; cost effectiveness; groundwater; human health; humic acids; iron; loess soils; nitrates; oxidation; oxygen; pH; polluted soils; pyrite; remediation; rhenium; soil pollution
Abstract:
... Radioactive pertechnetate (TcO4⁻) has been detected in nuclear waste affected soil and groundwater, posing significant effect on human health and the environment. Yet, cost-effective remediation of Tc-contaminated soil and groundwater remains challenging. To address this critical technology need, we prepared a class of pyrite (FeS₂) particles for effective immobilization of pertechnetate. Using pe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138423

30. Impact of post-torrefaction process on biochar formation from wood pellets and self-heating phenomena for production safety

Author:
Emmanuel Arriola; Wei-Hsin Chen; Yi-Kai Chih; Mark Daniel De Luna; Pau Loke Show
Source:
Energy 2020 v.207 pp. 118324
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; biochar; biomass; combustion; energy; heat; industry; nitrogen; temperature; torrefaction; wood
Abstract:
... The advancement of torrefaction in the industry raises safety issues lately. This work aims to investigate the impact of post-torrefaction upon biochar formation and the self-heating phenomena of torrefied wood pellets. Three operating scenarios are taken into account. Specifically, dried wood pellets are first torrefied in nitrogen at various temperatures (200–300 °C) followed by immediate exposu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2020.118324

31. Influence of Oxygen Defects and Their Evolution on the Ferromagnetic Ordering and Band Gap of Mn-Doped ZnO Films

Author:
Abdel Khaleq Mousa Alsmadi; Belal Salameh; Mouath Shatnawi
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2020 v.124 no.29 pp. 16116-16126
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; ambient temperature; energy; ferromagnetism; hybridization; oxygen; photoluminescence; physical chemistry
Abstract:
... We performed a comprehensive investigation on the influence of oxygen vacancies (VO) defects and their evolution under Mn substitution and thermal annealing in different atmospheres on the ferromagnetic ordering and optical energy band gap (Eg) of Mn-doped ZnO thin films. All doped films showed a ferromagnetic phase at room temperature, which became stronger at low temperatures. Our results clearl ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c04049

32. Interfacial States, Energetics, and Atmospheric Stability of Large-Grain Antifluorite Cs₂TiBr₆

Author:
Jocelyn L. Mendes; Weiran Gao; Julia L. Martin; Alexander D. Carl; N. Aaron Deskins; Sergio Granados-Focil; Ronald L. Grimm
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2020 v.124 no.44 pp. 24289-24297
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; cesium; chemical species; density functional theory; energy conversion; light microscopy; solar energy; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... Recent reports post conflicting results on the atmospheric stability of Cs₂TiBr₆, a nontoxic, Earth-abundant solar energy conversion material. Here, a high-temperature melt of CsBr and TiBr₄ yielded large-grain samples with >1 mm² facets as verified by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). With pristine-material properties of particular interest, we investigated a series of ph ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c08719

33. Investigation of the Oxidation Behavior of Graphene/Ge(001) Versus Graphene/Ge(110) Systems

Author:
Fatima Akhtar; Jaroslaw Dabrowski; Marco Lisker; Yuji Yamamoto; Andreas Mai; Christian Wenger; Mindaugas Lukosius
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.2 pp. 3188-3197
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; graphene; oxidation; oxygen; scanning electron microscopy; vapors
Abstract:
... The oxidation behavior of Ge(001) and Ge(110) surfaces underneath the chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown graphene films has been investigated experimentally and interpreted on the basis of ab initio calculations. Freshly grown samples were exposed to air for more than 7 months and periodically monitored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. T ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.9b18448

34. Investigation of the effect of laminated polymers in the metallic packaging materials on the recycling of aluminum by thermal disengagement technology (TDT)

Author:
Abdullah Al Mahmood; Rumana Hossain; Veena Sahajwalla
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2020 v.274 pp. 122541
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; aluminum; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; dissociation; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; fuels; greenhouses; heat; hydrogen; methane; oxidation; packaging; packaging materials; polymers; recycling; scanning electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Polymer laminated aluminum packaging (PLAP) materials are very useful in high strength flexible packaging applications. Despite the advantages they can offer, there are several difficulties to recycle PLAP into its original metallic form. This study focuses on the effect of different polymeric laminates on the quality of the Al surface recycled by the thermal disengagement technology (TDT). Three ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122541

35. Layered double hydroxides supported atomically precise Aun nanoclusters for air oxidation of benzyl alcohol: Effects of size and active site structure

Author:
Yang Xu; Jin Li; Jian Zhou; Yufeng Liu; Zhuojun Wei; Hui Zhang
Source:
Journal of catalysis 2020 v.389 pp. 409-420
ISSN:
0021-9517
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; active sites; adsorption; air; benzyl alcohol; catalysts; catalytic activity; gold; hydroxides; isotopes; nanogold; nanoparticles; nanosheets; oxidation
Abstract:
... The effects of size and active site structure on catalytic activity were deeply investigated in air oxidation of benzyl alcohol over a series of Ni₃Al-LDH (layered double hydroxides)-supported Auₙ nanocluster (NC) catalysts Auₙ/LDH (n = 25, 38, ~127), obtained by modified electrostatic adsorption of atomically precise Au₂₅Capt₁₈, Au₃₈Capt₂₄ and Au~₁₂₇-Capt (Capt: captopril) NCs followed proper cal ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcat.2020.06.017

36. Migration Effects of Fluorochemical Melt Additives for Alcohol Repellency in Polypropylene Nonwoven Materials

Author:
Joseph H. Lavoie; Orlando J. Rojas; Saad A. Khan; Eunkyoung Shim
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.32 pp. 36787-36798
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; additives; air; carbon; clothing; contact angle; droplets; filters; filtration; fluorine; hydrophilicity; isopropyl alcohol; liquids; manufacturing; melting; nonwoven fabrics; polypropylenes; spinning; surface tension
Abstract:
... The use of bulk polymer melt additives provides a facile, industrially relevant approach to tailor properties of polymer surfaces for many different applications. These melt additives, when blended with polymers prior to melt spinning, migrate to the fiber surface and influence surface functionality. While the use of bulk polymer melt additives to impart hydrophilicity or oleophobicity is well stu ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c10144

37. Nanocrystalline ferrihydrite activated peroxymonosulfate for butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate oxidation: Performance and mechanism

Author:
Huihui Peng; Jia-Cheng E. Yang; Ming-Lai Fu; Baoling Yuan
Source:
Chemosphere 2020 v.242 pp. 125140
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; carboxylation; catalysts; cleavage (chemistry); decarboxylation; dehydrogenation; dissolved oxygen; ferrihydrite; hydroxyl radicals; hydroxylation; ions; iron; nanocrystals; oxidation; oxygen; pH; pollutants; reaction mechanisms; remediation; singlet oxygen; sulfates; superoxide anion; temperature
Abstract:
... Heterogeneous catalysts activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for degradation of refractory organic contaminants has been recognized as a promising removal technology for the environmental remediation. In this study, nanocrystalline ferrihydrite (NFH) was prepared to activate PMS for the degradation of butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (BHB). XPS analysis indicates that calcination process played a key role in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125140

38. Natural antioxidant functionalization for fabricating ambient-stable black phosphorus nanosheets toward enhancing flame retardancy and toxic gases suppression of polyurethane

Author:
Wei Cai; Tongmin Cai; Lingxin He; Fukai Chu; Xiaowei Mu; Longfei Han; Yuan Hu; Bibo Wang; Weizhao Hu
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2020 v.387 pp. 121971
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; antioxidants; calorimeters; carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; crystal structure; fire hazard; fire safety; heat; nanosheets; oxidation; phosphorus; polyurethanes; temperature; tensile strength; toxic substances; toxicity; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Herein, as a natural antioxidant, tannin (TA) is firstly used to functionalize black phosphorous (BP) nanosheets to improve the ambient stability and toxic suppression, thus decreasing the fire hazards of polymer materials. Compared to pure BP nanosheets, higher temperature for thermal oxidation decomposition is achieved for TA-BP nanosheets, directly confirming the ambient stability of TA-BP nano ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121971

39. Negative Potential-Induced Growth of Surfactant-Free CuO Nanostructures on an Al–C Substrate: A Dual In-Line Sensor for Biomarkers of Diabetes and Oxidative Stress

Author:
N. S. K. Gowthaman; P. Arul; Hong Ngee Lim; S. Abraham John
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 2020 v.8 no.7 pp. 2640-2651
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; biomarkers; catalysts; catalytic activity; cupric oxide; diabetes; dielectric spectroscopy; electrochemistry; electrodes; electroplating; glucose; humans; hydrogen peroxide; nanomaterials; oxidative stress; scanning electron microscopy; sensors (equipment); texture
Abstract:
... Identifying a non-enzymatic sensor electrocatalyst for the accurate determination of biomolecules is a paramount task. The weird morphology of the nanomaterial may exhibit the remarkable activity to enhance the sensitivity of the electrode, and hence, tuning the shape of the nanomaterials is one of the important criteria for electrochemical sensors. Thus, this study sought to fabricate a non-enzym ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b05648

40. New details of assembling bioactive films from dispersions of amphiphilic molecules on titania surfaces

Author:
Leonardo Francisco Gonçalves Dias; Stephani Stamboroski; Michael Noeske; Dirk Salz; Klaus Rischka; Renata Pereira; Maria do Carmo Mainardi; Marina Honorato Cardoso; Martin Wiesing; Erika Soares Bronze-Uhle; Rodrigo Barros Esteves Lins; Paulo Noronha Lisboa-Filho
Source:
RSC advances 2020 v.10 no.65 pp. 39854-39869
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
Escherichia coli; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; air; ammonium chloride; atomic force microscopy; contact angle; heat treatment; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; titanium dioxide; zeta potential
Abstract:
... Tailoring the surface properties of materials for biomedical applications is important to avoid clinical complications. Forming thin layers of amphiphilic molecules with apolar regions that facilitate attractive intermolecular interactions, can be a suitable and versatile approach to achieve hydrophobic surface modification and provide functional antibacterial properties. Aiming to correlate layer ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ra06511k

41. New titania-based photocatalysts for hydrogen production from aqueous-alcoholic solutions of methylene blue

Author:
Dina V. Markovskaya; Angelina V. Zhurenok; Anna Yu. Kurenkova; Anna M. Kremneva; Andrey A. Saraev; Sergey M. Zharkov; Ekaterina A. Kozlova; Vasily V. Kaichev
Source:
RSC advances 2020 v.10 no.56 pp. 34137-34148
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; air; ethanol; hydrogen production; methylene blue; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; reflectance spectroscopy; synergism; titanium dioxide; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... A series of CuOₓ–TiO₂ photocatalysts were prepared using fresh and thermally activated Evonik Aeroxide P25 titanium dioxide. The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XANES, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and N₂ adsorption technique. Photocatalytic activity of the samples was tested in hydrogen production from ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ra07630a

42. Oxygen diffusion behaviour of A-site deficient (La₀.₈Sr₀.₂)₀.₉₅Cr₀.₅Fe₀.₅O₃₋δ perovskites in humid conditions

Author:
Zijie Sha; Eleonora Cali; Gwilherm Kerherve; Stephen J. Skinner
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2020 v.8 no.40 pp. 21273-21288
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; ceramics; commercialization; durability; electrochemistry; humidity; lanthanum; mass spectrometry; oxygen; oxygen partial pressure; temperature; transmission electron microscopy; vapor pressure; water vapor
Abstract:
... In the development of high temperature electrochemical devices such as oxygen transport membranes (OTMs) and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), solid-state (ceramic) technologies have proven to be particularly promising. For example, doped lanthanum chromite perovskites, which display high thermo-chemical stability in aggressive environments as mixed ionic and electronic conducting (MIEC) perovskite ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ta08899d

43. Polymerization and Carbonization Behaviors of 2-Methylnaphthalene in Contaminated Soil During Thermal Desorption

Author:
Liao He; Yimin Sang; Wang Yu; Wanxin Li; Yuhai Jiao; Fujun Ma; FasHeng Li; Yuqin Liu; Qingbao Gu
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2020 v.231 no.10 pp. 505
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; carbonation; carbonization; chemical structure; desorption; polluted soils; polymerization; pyrolysis; remediation; soil pollution; temperature; thiophene; water
Abstract:
... Despite the important niche and broad applicability of thermal remediation (TD), little work has been done to discuss chemical reactions of methylnaphthalene contaminated soil. The 2-methylnaphthalene desorption amount (MDA) of TD is studied here under different conditions, and the carbonation (chemically polymerized or condensed) behavior of 2-methylnaphthalene is explained by analyzing the chang ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-020-04886-3

44. Position-locking of volatile reaction products by atmosphere and capping layers slows down photodecomposition of methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite

Author:
Fengshuo Zu; Thorsten Schultz; Christian M. Wolff; Dongguen Shin; Lennart Frohloff; Dieter Neher; Patrick Amsalem; Norbert Koch
Source:
RSC advances 2020 v.10 no.30 pp. 17534-17542
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; atmospheric pressure; cations; chemical bonding; iodine; lead; lighting; nitrogen; photolysis; photostability; relative humidity; solar cells; solar energy; white light
Abstract:
... The remarkable progress of metal halide perovskites in photovoltaics has led to the power conversion efficiency approaching 26%. However, practical applications of perovskite-based solar cells are challenged by the stability issues, of which the most critical one is photo-induced degradation. Bare CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite films are known to decompose rapidly, with methylammonium and iodine as volatil ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ra03572f

45. Preoxidation-assisted nitrogen enrichment strategy to decorate porous carbon spheres for catalytic adsorption/oxidation of methyl mercaptan

Author:
Changming Zhang; Yaqi Wang; Xiaochao Zhang; Rongxian Wang; Lifang Kou; Rui Li; Caimei Fan
Source:
RSC advances 2020 v.10 no.62 pp. 37644-37656
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; air; ammonia; carbon; formaldehyde; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; heat treatment; methanethiol; nitrogen; nitrogen content; oxidation; oxygen; polymerization; porous media; steam; surface area; thermal analysis; titration
Abstract:
... Porous carbon spheres with high surface area and microporous structure were synthesized from alkyl phenols and formaldehyde via suspension polymerization and steam activation. The effects of air oxidation and ammonia solution heat treatment on the pore structure and surface chemistry of the carbon spheres were studied for catalytic oxidation of CH₃SH. The structure property and surface chemistry o ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ra07375j

46. Preparation of Cu-Loaded Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon Catalysts for Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of Phenol

Author:
Hongyu Wang; Guoqiang Li; Shuting Zhang; Yuan Li; Yongle Zhao; Liyuan Duan; Yongfa Zhang
Source:
Industrial & engineering chemistry process design and development 2020 v.59 no.7 pp. 2908-2920
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; activated carbon; air; catalysts; catalytic activity; chemical oxygen demand; copper; free radicals; hydroxyl radicals; nitrogen; oxidants; oxidation; oxygen; phenol; physicochemical properties; superoxide anion; surface area; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... A series of Cu-loaded biomass-derived activated carbon (Cu/AC) catalysts with various impregnation ratios were prepared by precursor impregnation (PI) and activated carbon impregnation (ACI) methods. N₂ adsorption–desorption, inductively coupled plasma, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, etc., were used to investigate their physicochemical proper ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05750

47. Preparation of Fe-Co-ZSM-5 Bimetal Catalysts with Different Alternate Metal Inclusions for Catalytic Removal of VOCs from Air

Author:
Abdul Aziz; Jiyeol Bae; Kwang Soo Kim
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2020 v.231 no.4 pp. 155
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; catalysts; catalytic activity; cobalt; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; gels; iron; nitrogen; oxidation; scanning electron microscopy; surface area; volatile organic compounds; zeolites
Abstract:
... The catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been studied in a series of bimetal (Fe-Co)-incorporated ZSM-5 zeolites. The bimetal incorporation was varied. The first sample was prepared by an in situ hydrothermal synthesis method (named IHT) in which both metals were added simultaneously during gel formation. The second sample was made by preparing Fe-ZSM-5 in situ and then imp ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-020-04530-0

48. Quantitative Determination of the Vertical Segregation and Molecular Ordering of PBDB-T/ITIC Blend Films with Solvent Additives

Author:
Li-Ming Wang; Qingduan Li; Shengjian Liu; Zhixiong Cao; Yue-Peng Cai; Xuechen Jiao; Haojie Lai; Weiguang Xie; Xiaozhi Zhan; Tao Zhu
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.21 pp. 24165-24173
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; additives; air; crystal structure; neutron diffraction; polymers; quantitative analysis; separation; solar cells; solvents; spatial distribution; wide-angle X-ray scattering
Abstract:
... The vertical component distribution of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) active film shows a significant impact on determining the device performance in polymer solar cells (PSCs). Processing solvent additives are well known for regulating the BHJ active layer morphology; however, there are few reports regarding the quantitative evaluation of the effect. Herein, a study of the quantitative determination o ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c02843

49. Removal and Recovery of Phosphorus from Contaminated Water Using Novel, Reusable, Renewable Resource-Based Aluminum/Cerium Oxide Nanocomposite

Author:
Amita Nakarmi; Rebecca Moreira; Shawn E. Bourdo; Fumiya Watanabe; Alan Toland; Tito Viswanathan
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2020 v.231 no.12 pp. 559
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; air; aluminum; aluminum oxide; ceric oxide; economic feasibility; nanocomposites; petroleum; phosphates; phosphorus; remediation; renewable resources; soil pollution; sorption isotherms; surface area; sustainable technology; water; water pollution; wood
Abstract:
... The combination of cerium oxide and aluminum oxide nanocomposites in quaternary ammonium–modified wood has been shown to be excellent for phosphorus (as phosphate) removal from contaminated waters. The results are better than using single metal oxides in the nanocomposite based on the adsorption capacity and kinetic rate. The mixed metal oxide nanocomposite on pine wood chips (a renewable resource ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-020-04927-x

50. Reverse flotation separation of talc from molybdenite without addition of depressant: Effect of surface oxidation by thermal pre-treatment

Author:
Xuekun Tang; Yanfei Chen; Kun Liu; Qian Peng; Guangsheng Zeng; Minlin Ao; Zishun Li
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2020 v.594 pp. 124671
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; heat treatment; oxidation; sulfur; talc
Abstract:
... The excellent inherent floatability of talc and molybdenite makes them very difficult to be separated in the flotation process. To conquer the problem, for the first time, an attempt was made to separate molybdenite and talc by calcining the ores under the air condition before flotation separation. Micro-flotation test results showed that the natural floatability of molybdenite vanished after ther ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124671

51. Role of Water in Phase Transformations and Crystallization of Ferrihydrite and Hematite

Author:
Aleks Arinchtein; Roman Schmack; Katrin Kraffert; Jörg Radnik; Paul Dietrich; René Sachse; Ralph Kraehnert
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.34 pp. 38714-38722
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; crystallites; crystallization; ferrihydrite; hematite; hydroxides; iron; nanomaterials; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... The oxides, hydroxides, and oxo-hydroxides of iron belong to the most abundant materials on earth. They also feature a wide range of practical applications. In many environments, they can undergo facile phase transformations and crystallization processes. Water appears to play a critical role in many of these processes. Despite numerous attempts, the role of water has not been fully revealed yet. ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c05253

52. Significance of a Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Separation of Anode and Cathode Materials from Spent Li-Ion Batteries by Froth Flotation

Author:
Ruiting Zhan; Zhenzhen Yang; Ira Bloom; Lei Pan
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 2020 v.9 no.1 pp. 531-540
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; anodes; cathodes; contact angle; electrolytes; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; green chemistry; heat; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... The separation of electrode active materials from spent Li-ion batteries (LIBs) by froth flotation is challenging due to the changes in surface properties of electrode active materials from cycling as well as the presence of organic binders. In this work, the froth flotation separation of aged anode and cathode composite materials from spent LIBs was systematically investigated after the materials ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c07965

53. Sodium tungstate-promoted CaMnO3 as an effective, phase-transition redox catalyst for redox oxidative cracking of cyclohexane

Author:
Fang Hao; Yunfei Gao; Luke Neal; Ryan B. Dudek; Wenyuan Li; Chingchang Chung; Bo Guan; Pingle Liu; Xingbo Liu; Fanxing Li
Source:
Journal of catalysis 2020 v.385 pp. 213-223
ISSN:
0021-9517
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; calcium; carbon; catalysts; catalytic activity; catalytic cracking; combustion; cyclohexanes; dielectric spectroscopy; differential scanning calorimetry; energy; hydrogen; manganese; olefin; oxygen; phase transition; thermal cracking; yields
Abstract:
... Oxidative cracking, which combines catalytic oxidation and cracking reactions, represents a promising approach to reduce the energy and carbon intensities for light olefin production from naphtha. The need to co-feed gaseous oxygen with hydrocarbons, however, leads to significant COₓ formation and safety concerns. The cost and energy consumption associated with air separation also affects its econ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcat.2020.03.022

54. Solution-Processed Sb₂Se₃ on TiO₂ Thin Films Toward Oxidation- and Moisture-Resistant, Self-Powered Photodetectors

Author:
Junli Wang; Shaopeng Li; Tingting Wang; Fan Guan; Lijun Zhao; Longhua Li; Junhao Zhang; Guanjun Qiao
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.34 pp. 38341-38349
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; annealing; antimony; coatings; crystallization; electric current; electronic equipment; films (materials); irradiation; oxidation; oxygen; selenides; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... Semiconductor-sensitized TiO₂ thin films with long-term air stability are attractive for optoelectronic devices and applications. Herein, we demonstrate the potential of the TiO₂ thin film (∼800 nm in thickness) sensitized with a Sb₂Se₃ layer (∼350 nm) grown from solution spin coating and processed by annealing recrystallization at 300 °C for high-performance optical detection. The type-II band al ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c09180

55. Solventless Amide Synthesis Catalyzed by Biogenic CaCO₃ Materials

Author:
Sandra Chaparro; Hugo A. Rojas; Juan Carlos Castillo; Jaime Portilla; Gustavo P. Romanelli; Antonio Pineda; Asma M. Elsharif; José J. Martinez; Rafael Luque
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 2020 v.8 no.35 pp. 13139-13146
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; amides; aniline; catalysts; coprecipitation; green chemistry; hydrophilicity; nitrogen; succinic acid; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Biogenic carbonates were studied as catalysts in this work for the direct synthesis of amides under solvent-free conditions. Solids were synthesized by microbial coprecipitation of CaCl₂ and Ni salts and Cu and Fe salts. The catalysts were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen physisorption measurements, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The polymorphism, hyd ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c04429

56. Species and Distribution of Arsenic in Soil After Remediation by Electrokinetics Coupled with Permeable Reactive Barrier

Author:
Dongli Ji; Jing Zhang; Fansheng Meng; Yeyao Wang; Daohong Zhang
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2020 v.231 no.12 pp. 567
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorption; air; anodes; arsenic; cathodes; iron; remediation; soil pollution; water; China
Abstract:
... Arsenic-polluted soil from a mining area in China was treated by electrokinetics coupled with permeable reaction barrier (EK/PRB). Batch tests with PRB media of zero valent iron (ZVI) under electric potential of 2 V cm⁻¹ for 120 h were conducted. Species and distribution of arsenic in soil after remediation were investigated to evaluate the removal mechanisms of arsenic. Results showed that ZVI-PR ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-020-04935-x

57. Structural transformation and nature of defects in titanium carbide treated in different redox atmospheres

Author:
Maria Ivanovskaya; Evgeni Ovodok; Dzmitry Kotsikau; Igor Azarko; Matej Micusik; Maria Omastova; Vyacheslav Golovanov
Source:
RSC advances 2020 v.10 no.43 pp. 25602-25608
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; annealing; carbon; electrical conductivity; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; heat treatment; hydrogen; infrared spectroscopy; oxidation; scanning electron microscopy; titanium; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... The defect structure and phase formation processes occurring in the bulk and on the surface of titanium carbide (TiC) under thermal treatment in different ambient atmospheres (air, hydrogen, vacuum) were characterized using XRD, SEM, EPR, XPS and IR-spectroscopy. The oxidized states of both titanium (TiO₂₋ₓ) and carbon, in the form of carbonate–carboxylate structures (O–CO), were found on the sur ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0ra02959a

58. Taming waste: Waste Mangifera indica peel as a sustainable catalyst for biodiesel production at room temperature

Author:
Ikbal Bahar Laskar; Rajat Gupta; Sushovan Chatterjee; Chhangte Vanlalveni; Lalthazuala Rokhum
Source:
Renewable energy 2020 v.161 pp. 207-220
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Mangifera indica; X-ray diffraction; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; ambient temperature; biodiesel; burning; calcium oxide; catalysts; catalytic activity; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; fluorescence; fuel production; magnesium oxide; mango peels; mangoes; methanol; scanning electron microscopy; soybean oil; surface area; thermogravimetry; transesterification; transmission electron microscopy; wastes
Abstract:
... In the present study, the efficacy of waste peels of mango (Mangifera indica) as a basic catalyst in room temperature transesterification reaction is investigated for biodiesel production from soybean oil. Biowaste based catalyst, Mangifera indica peel ash, was prepared by conventional open air burning of the mango peel. The morphology and chemical components of the catalyst are investigated using ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2020.07.061

59. The positive effect of siderite-derived α-Fe2O3 during coaling on the NO behavior in the presence of NH3

Author:
Daobing Shu; Haibo Liu; Tianhu Chen; Dong Chen; Xuehua Zou; Can Wang; Mengxue Li; Hanlin Wang
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2020 v.27 no.11 pp. 12376-12385
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; ammonia; catalytic activity; chemical reduction; coal; flue gas; heat treatment; hematite; nanopores; nitric oxide; nitrogen; oxidation; oxygen; scanning electron microscopes; scanning electron microscopy; siderite; sulfur dioxide; surface area; temperature; transmission electron microscopes; transmission electron microscopy; vapors
Abstract:
... Siderite is a naturally occurring mineral that can be found extensively in coal. The structural evolution of siderite in the process of coaling and its performance in the transformation of NO in the presence of NH₃ were investigated in this work. In addition, the effects of the coexisting component, including vapor, SO₂, and the alkali metal K, were also discussed. Heat treatment was performed at ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-020-07829-x

60. Thermo-Oxidative Decomposition Behaviors of Different Sources of n-C₇ Asphaltenes under High-Pressure Conditions

Author:
Oscar E. Medina; Jaime Gallego; Nashaat N. Nassar; Sócrates A. Acevedo; Farid B. Cortés; Camilo A. Franco
Source:
Energy & fuels 2020 v.34 no.7 pp. 8740-8758
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; alkylation; aromatization; asphaltenes; combustion; desorption; energy; hydrogen; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; oxygen; spectrometers; sulfur; thermogravimetry; vapor pressure
Abstract:
... Effects of pressure on thermo-oxidative decomposition of different sources of n-C₇ asphaltenes were investigated at high pressure using a thermogravimetric analyzer under an air atmosphere. The n-C₇ asphaltenes were extracted from different heavy and extra-heavy crude oils around the world and were thoroughly characterized by elemental analysis (EA), vapor pressure osmometry (VPO), X-ray photoelec ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c01234

61. Thermochemical Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil: TG-FTIR-MS Analysis and Residue Characteristics

Author:
Wenguang Jiang; Xiangguo Li; Wenjuan Miao; Yang Lv; Lixiong Cai; Shuqiong Luo; Dongbing Jiang
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2020 v.231 no.5 pp. 229
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; carbon dioxide; evaporation; mass spectrometry; pyrolysis; remediation; soil pollution; sulfur; thermogravimetry; volatilization; water
Abstract:
... Thermochemical remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil (PCS) has attracted increased attention. Pyrolysis is one of an important thermochemical treatment technology. The pyrolysis behavior of PCS and the main gaseous products evolved were investigated by means of a simultaneous thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and mass spectrometry (MS) ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-020-04567-1

62. Treatment of Simulated Steel Pickling Waste Liquor by Electrochemical Synthesis of Fe3O4

Author:
Guangtuan Huang; Jingwen Chen; Shuangshuang Gao
Source:
Water, air, and soil pollution 2020 v.231 no.8 pp. 389
ISSN:
0049-6979
Subject:
Raman spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; electrochemistry; electrodes; electrosynthesis; graphene; iron; pH; soil pollution; steel; temperature; water
Abstract:
... Due to the serious pollution and great harm of steel pickling waste liquor, the treatment of the waste liquor with high concentration of iron ion has been a problem in a lot of countries around the world. A simple electrochemical method is proposed for recovering iron from steel pickling waste liquor with graphite plates as electrodes. This study investigated the effects of reaction parameters on ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11270-020-04654-3

63. Understanding the Influence of Surface Oxygen Groups on the Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Carbons as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Author:
Marie-Laure C. Piedboeuf; Nathalie Job; Abdelhafid Aqil; Yan Busby; Vanessa Fierro; Alain Celzard; Christophe Detrembleur; Alexandre F. Léonard
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.32 pp. 36054-36065
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; aldehydes; anodes; capacitance; carbon; coatings; dopamine; electrochemistry; lithium; lithium batteries; moieties; oxidation; oxides; oxygen; polyethylene glycol; polymerization; pyrolysis; texture; xerogels
Abstract:
... The present study elucidates the role of surface oxygen functional groups on the electrochemical behavior of porous carbons when used as anodes for Li-ion batteries. To achieve this objective, a carbon xerogel (CX) obtained by pyrolysis of a resorcinol–formaldehyde gel, was modified by different postsynthesis treatments in order to modulate its surface chemistry while maintaining its external surf ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c08297

64. Work function measurements of clean and modified carbon nanospikes

Author:
Arthur P. Baddorf; Adam J. Rondinone; Dale K. Hensley
Source:
Carbon 2020 v.168 pp. 302-307
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; air; electric field; graphene; oxidation; oxygen; temperature; topography
Abstract:
... Carbon surfaces incorporating densely packed spikes with nanometer sharpness have shown exceptional electrocatalytic properties attributed to the enhanced electric field from the topography of the spikes. In this article, the composition of nanospike surfaces is identified by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and their absolute work function determined using ultraviolet photoemission spectros ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2020.06.072